Zinc Amino Acid Halide Complexes for Antiperspirant Efficacy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional antiperspirant salts, particularly those based on aluminum or aluminum/zirconium, tend to polymerize over time, leading to higher molecular weights that reduce efficacy and can cause skin irritation due to their acidic nature, while there is a need for agents that effectively block sweat pores, provide antibacterial properties, and are less irritating.
Innovation Solution
A personal care composition containing zinc X halide complexes, such as zinc lysine chloride, formed in situ from zinc ion sources like zinc oxide or tetrabasic zinc chloride combined with amino acids or trimethylglycine, which are less irritating and maintain antibacterial properties, effectively blocking sweat pores and reducing body odor.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If aluminum or aluminum/zirconium salts are used as antiperspirant agents, then pore-blocking efficacy is achieved, but molecular weight increases over time due to polymerization reducing effectiveness
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by substituting aluminum salts with zinc salts (zinc chloride, zinc oxychloride, zinc lactate) that form complexes with amino acids or trimethylglycine. These zinc complexes maintain appropriate molecular weights for pore occlusion without undergoing excessive polymerization, thus maintaining stable composition over time while preserving antiperspirant efficacy.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates composite materials by forming complexes between zinc ions and amino acids (such as glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, serine, threonine, cysteine, asparagine, glutamine, aspartic acid, or glutamic acid) or trimethylglycine. These composite zinc-amino acid halide complexes provide stable molecular weights that effectively block sweat pores without the polymerization issues of aluminum salts.
2Reliability
If conventional antiperspirant salts are used, then bacteriocidal deodorant benefit is provided, but skin irritation occurs due to acidic properties
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the pH parameter by using zinc salts that form near-neutral pH complexes with amino acids or trimethylglycine, unlike the acidic aluminum salts. The zinc-amino acid halide complexes maintain deodorant efficacy through antibacterial activity while operating at near-neutral pH levels that are less irritating to the skin.
3Stability of the object's composition
If higher molecular weight species are present, then polymerization is reduced, but antiperspirant effect decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention optimizes the molecular weight parameter by selecting zinc salts and amino acid complexes that naturally maintain molecular weights in the optimal range for pore occlusion. The zinc-amino acid halide complexes formed in this invention do not undergo excessive polymerization like aluminum salts, maintaining stable molecular weights that are effective for blocking sweat pores throughout the product shelf life.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The zinc X halide complexes effectively reduce sweat and body odor by forming soluble complexes that precipitate in sweat ducts, providing enhanced antiperspirant and antibacterial benefits without causing skin irritation, as they form near neutral pH, unlike conventional antiperspirant salts.
Implementation Method 1
The zinc ion source to produce the zinc X halide is a material that can release Zn2+ in aqueous solution in the presence of an amino acid or trimethylglycine
Implementation Method 2
The zinc X halide complexes effectively reduce sweat and body odor by forming soluble complexes that precipitate in sweat ducts
Data Source
AI summary
A personal care composition for application to the skin or hair comprising a cosmetically acceptable carrier and zinc X halide precursors wherein the precursors are a zinc ion source, an X source, and a halide source, wherein the halide source can be part of the zinc ion source, the X source, or a halogen acid, wherein the precursors can complex into the zinc X halide when the composition is applied to the skin or hair, wherein X is an amino acid or trimethylglycine. Methods of making and using the compositions are also provided. When the precursors complex into a zinc X halide, the complex can be used to deliver zinc salts to block perspiration and provide antibacterial effects.