Zwitterionic-Bias Material for Selective Blood Cell Separation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current blood cell selection materials fail to achieve selective separation of platelets, erythrocytes, and leukocytes without causing blood coagulation or allergic responses, as they lack the necessary charge selectivity and balance.

Innovation Solution

A zwitterionic-bias material is developed, comprising copolymers with zwitterionic structural units and charged structural units, where the distance and ratio of positively and negatively charged moieties are controlled to achieve specific zwitterionic-bias, allowing for selective blood cell separation without platelet activation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If a positively charged surface is used to attract leukocytes and platelets, then blood cell selection efficiency is improved, but blood coagulation and platelet activation occur

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveblood cell selection efficiencyVSAvoidblood coagulation and platelet activation

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the surface charge parameter from purely positive to zwitterionic-bias (containing both positive and negative charges with a bias toward one polarity). This parameter modification allows the surface to attract target cells while reducing harmful interactions that cause coagulation and activation.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The filter medium employs a composite surface structure combining both positively charged and negatively charged groups. This composite charge distribution enables selective attraction of blood cells while minimizing adverse biological responses, resolving the contradiction between selection efficiency and blood compatibility.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

2Reliability

If a negatively charged surface is used to avoid blood coagulation, then blood compatibility is improved, but leukocyte removal efficiency decreases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveblood compatibilityVSAvoidleukocyte removal efficiency

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The surface charge parameter is modified from purely negative to zwitterionic-bias, creating a dual-charge environment. This allows the surface to maintain blood compatibility through negative charge interactions while simultaneously achieving leukocyte removal through positive charge attraction, thus resolving the efficiency-compatibility contradiction.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The surface exhibits local quality variation with both positive and negative charged regions. Different areas of the surface can perform different functions: negative regions prevent coagulation while positive regions attract leukocytes, enabling simultaneous achievement of blood compatibility and removal efficiency.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #3Local quality

3Object-affected harmful factors

If a neutral surface is used to minimize blood responses, then blood safety is improved, but cell selectivity is lost

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveblood safetyVSAvoidcell selectivity

Core Design Contradiction:

Object-affected harmful factorsVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The surface charge parameter is changed from neutral (zero net charge) to zwitterionic-bias (non-zero net charge with both positive and negative components). This parameter change enables the surface to maintain safety by having charge balance characteristics while gaining selectivity through the biased charge distribution that attracts specific blood cells.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The surface exhibits asymmetric charge distribution with both positive and negative charges in unequal proportions (bias toward one polarity). This asymmetry provides the necessary selectivity for cell attraction while the overall charge balance maintains blood safety, resolving the contradiction between safety and selectivity.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #4Asymmetry

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The zwitterionic-bias material effectively separates leukocytes from blood samples without causing coagulation or platelet activation, demonstrating improved selectivity and safety in blood cell separation.

Implementation Method 1

the positively charged surface of the filter medium is also utilized to attract leukocytes and platelets

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectElectrostatic attraction: Electrostatics

Implementation Method 2

leukocytes and platelets are negatively charged

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectElectrostatic repulsion: Electrostatics

Data Source

PatentUS9034932B1Zwitterionic-bias material for blood cell selection

Publication Date: 2015.05.19 CHUNG YUAN CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY

AI summary

The invention provides a zwitterionic-bias material for blood cell selection, being a copolymer formed by zwitterionic structural units and charged structural units wherein the zwitterionic structural unit comprises at least one positively charged moiety and one negatively charged moiety, a distance between the positively charged moiety and the negatively charged moiety is a length of 1˜5 carbon-carbon bonds, and the zwitterionic structural units and charged structural units are randomly arranged to have zwitterionic-bias.