Protection components

Abstract

The protection element of the present invention comprises: a fuse element having a first end and a second end, and being energized from the first end toward the second end; a convex member and a concave member, which are arranged opposite to each other in a manner of sandwiching a cut-off portion; and a pressing mechanism, which applies elastic force in a manner of shortening the relative distance between the convex member and the concave member in a direction of sandwiching the cut-off portion, i.e., in a first direction, so that at least one pair of opposing surfaces of the convex portion of the convex member and the concave portion of the concave member, which intersect with the energization direction of the fuse element, are arranged close to each other in a plan view from the first direction, and the fuse element is cut at a temperature above the softening temperature of the material constituting the fuse element.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a protection element.

[0002] This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-039888 filed in Japan on March 5, 2019, and the contents are cited herein. Background Art

[0003] Currently, a protection element (fuse element) including a fuse element that generates heat and melts when a current exceeding a rated value flows, thereby cutting off a current path is used.

[0004] As protection elements, for example, most commonly used are bracket-fixed fuses in which solder is sealed in a glass tube, chip fuses in which Ag electrodes are printed on the surface of a ceramic substrate, and screw-fixed or inserted protection elements in which a portion of a copper electrode is thinned and installed in a plastic casing.

[0005] Such a protection element is difficult to surface-mount by reflow soldering, which reduces the efficiency of component mounting. Therefore, surface-mount protection elements have been developed in recent years (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

[0006] Surface mounted protection elements are used, for example, as protection elements for overcharge and overcurrent of battery packs using lithium ion secondary batteries. Lithium ion secondary batteries are used in mobile devices such as notebook computers, mobile phones, and smart phones, and in recent years, they are also used in power tools, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric vehicles. Therefore, protection elements for large currents and high voltages are required.

[0007] In high voltage protection elements, arc discharge may occur when the fuse element is blown. If arc discharge occurs, the fuse element melts widely, and sometimes the vaporized metal scatters. In this case, there is a concern that the scattered metal will form a new current path or that the scattered metal will adhere to the terminals, surrounding electronic devices, etc. Therefore, in high voltage protection elements, countermeasures are implemented to prevent arc discharge or stop arc discharge.

[0008] As a measure to prevent arc discharge or stop arc discharge, there is known a measure of filling an arc extinguishing material around a fuse element (for example, refer to Patent Document 3).

[0009] Furthermore, as another method of stopping arc discharge, there is known a type of protection element in which a fuse element and a spring in a state of accumulating elastic restoring force are connected in series and joined with a low-melting-point metal (for example, see Patent Documents 4 to 6). In this type of protection element, if an overcurrent flows and the low-melting-point metal melts, the elastic restoring force of the spring promotes the separation of the spring and the fuse element, and the overcurrent can be quickly cut off.

[0010] Arc discharge depends on the electric field strength (voltage / distance), and arc discharge will not stop until the distance between the contacts becomes greater than a certain interval. Therefore, in a protection element using a spring, the spring and the fuse element are quickly separated to a distance where the arc discharge cannot be maintained by utilizing the elastic restoring force of the spring, thereby quickly stopping the arc discharge.

[0011] Prior art literature

[0012] Patent Literature

[0013] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 6249600

[0014] Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent No. 6249602

[0015] Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent No. 4192266

[0016] Patent Document 4: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-84446

[0017] Patent Document 5: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2006-59568

[0018] Patent Document 6: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2012-234774

[0019] Patent Document 7: Japanese Patent No. 6210647 Summary of the invention

[0020] Problems to be solved by the invention

[0021] However, in the protection element using the above arc extinguishing material, the manufacturing process becomes complicated, the miniaturization of the protection element is difficult, and there is a concern that the melting of the fuse element caused by the heat generated by the heating element in the protection element is prevented.

[0022] Furthermore, in the protection element using the spring, the bonding strength between the fuse element and the spring tends to decrease with time under the use environment, and there is a concern about long-term stability.

[0023] Patent Document 7 discloses a protection element using a spring different from the above-mentioned protection element using a spring. The protection element has two locations where the fuse element can be easily cut off, and when the overcurrent is cut off, the fuse element is cut off by a cut-off plunger pressed in advance by a spring member.

[0024] In this protection element, it is necessary to prepare a fuse element having two easily cuttable locations, and the fuse element is configured so that the two locations are cut by a cut plunger, and the cutting force is dispersed to the two locations, so that a relatively large force is required for cutting.

[0025] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a protection element which can suppress the occurrence of arc discharge when a fuse element is cut and can quickly stop the arc discharge when the arc discharge occurs.

[0026] Solutions to Solve Problems

[0027] (1) A protection element according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a fuse element having a first end and a second end, and current is supplied from the first end toward the second end; a convex member and a concave member disposed opposite to each other so as to sandwich a cutoff portion located between the first end and the second end of the fuse element; and a pressing mechanism that applies an elastic force so as to shorten a relative distance between the convex member and the concave member in a first direction, which is a direction in which the cutoff portion is sandwiched, so that at least a pair of opposing surfaces of the convex portion of the convex member and the concave portion of the concave member intersecting with a direction in which current is supplied to the fuse element in a plan view from the first direction are disposed close to each other, and the fuse element is cut off at a temperature not lower than the softening temperature of a material constituting the fuse element.

[0028] (2) In the protection element described in (1), the fuse element is preferably composed of one or more flat plate-shaped or linear parts.

[0029] (3) In the protection element described in (1) or (2), preferably, a first terminal member is connected to the first end portion, and a second terminal member is connected to the second end portion.

[0030] (4) In the protection element described in any one of (1) to (3), it is preferred to have a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode is connected to the first end of the fuse element, and the second electrode is connected to the second end of the fuse element, respectively.

[0031] (5) In the protection element described in any one of (1) to (4), the pressing mechanism is preferably a spring or rubber.

[0032] (6) In the protection element described in any one of (1) to (5), it is preferable that the concave member is provided with a guide for guiding the convex portion to the concave portion.

[0033] (7) In the protection element described in any one of (1) to (6), it is preferable that a heating element is provided at a position close to the protrusion, and the heating element contacts the fuse element to heat the fuse element.

[0034] (8) In the protection element described in (7), it is preferred that the heating element has a heating element, and further has an electrode layer electrically connected to the heating element on a surface on the fuse element side.

[0035] (9) In the protection element described in (8), it is preferred that a third electrode is included, one end of the heating element is electrically connected to the electrode layer, and the other end of the heating element is electrically connected to the third electrode.

[0036] (10) In the protection element described in (8) or (9), the heat generating element is preferably arranged on the convex member side of the fuse element.

[0037] (11) In the protection element described in (8) or (9), the heat generating element is preferably arranged on the concave member side of the fuse element.

[0038] (12) In the protection element described in any one of (7) to (11), the side surface of the heating element, the outer side surface of the protrusion, and the inner side surface of the recess are preferably electrically insulated.

[0039] (13) In the protection element described in any one of (1) to (12), the fuse element is preferably a laminated body in which an inner layer is made of a low melting point metal and an outer layer is made of a high melting point metal.

[0040] (14) In the protection element described in (13), preferably, the low melting point metal is composed of Sn or a metal mainly composed of Sn, and the high melting point metal is composed of Ag or Cu or a metal mainly composed of Ag or Cu.

[0041] (15) In the protection element described in any one of (1) to (14), it is preferred that when a current exceeding the rated current flows through the fuse element or when power is supplied to the heating element, the fuse element is heated to a temperature above the softening temperature, and the fuse element is cut off to disconnect power.

[0042] (16) In the protection element described in any one of (1) to (15), it is preferred to have a supporting component, which is arranged in the above-mentioned recessed portion of the above-mentioned recessed component and directly or indirectly supports the above-mentioned fuse element from below, and the above-mentioned supporting component is made of the following material: at a temperature below the temperature when the rated current of the above-mentioned fuse element is energized, the above-mentioned fuse element is suppressed from deformation, and at a temperature above the solidus temperature of the material constituting the above-mentioned fuse element, it is deformed by the force from a pressing mechanism, thereby allowing the above-mentioned fuse element to be cut off.

[0043] (17) A protection element according to another aspect of the present invention comprises: a fuse element having a first end and a second end, and electricity is supplied from the first end toward the second end; a convex member and a concave member, which are arranged opposite to each other in a manner to sandwich a cut-off portion located between the first end and the second end of the fuse element; and a pressing mechanism, which applies an elastic force in a manner to shorten the relative distance between the convex member and the concave member in a direction of sandwiching the cut-off portion, i.e., in a first direction, wherein at least one pair of opposing surfaces of the convex portion of the convex member and the concave portion of the concave member intersecting with the direction of electricity supply to the fuse element in a plan view from the first direction are arranged close to each other, and a heating element is further provided at a position close to the convex portion, wherein the heating element contacts the fuse element to heat and melt the fuse element, and the fuse element is cut by heating of the heating element.

[0044] (18) In the protection element described in (17), the fuse element is preferably composed of one or more flat or linear parts.

[0045] (19) In the protection element described in (17) or (18), it is preferred to have a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode is connected to the first end of the fuse element, and the second electrode is connected to the second end of the fuse element, respectively.

[0046] (20) In the protection element described in any one of (17) to (19), the pressing mechanism is preferably a spring or rubber.

[0047] (21) In the protection element described in any one of (17) to (20), it is preferable that the concave member is provided with a guide for guiding the convex portion to the concave portion.

[0048] (22) In the protection element described in any one of (17) to (20), it is preferred that the heating element has a heating element, and further has an electrode layer electrically connected to the heating element on the surface on the fuse element side.

[0049] (23) In the protection element described in (22), it is preferred that a third electrode is provided, one end of the heating element is electrically connected to the electrode layer, and the other end of the heating element is electrically connected to the third electrode.

[0050] (24) In the protection element described in (22) or (23), the heating element is preferably arranged on the convex member side of the fuse element.

[0051] (25) In the protection element described in (22) or (23), the heating element is preferably arranged on the concave member side of the fuse element.

[0052] (26) In the protection element described in any one of (17) to (25), the side surface of the heating element, the outer side surface of the protrusion, and the inner side surface of the recess are preferably electrically insulated.

[0053] (27) In the protection element described in any one of (17) to (26), the fuse element is preferably a laminated body in which an inner layer is made of a low melting point metal and an outer layer is made of a high melting point metal.

[0054] (28) In the protection element described in (27), it is preferred that the low melting point metal is composed of Sn or a metal mainly composed of Sn, and the high melting point metal is composed of Ag or Cu or a metal mainly composed of Ag or Cu.

[0055] (29) In the protection element described in any one of (17) to (28), it is preferred that there is a supporting component, which is arranged in the above-mentioned recessed portion of the above-mentioned recessed component and directly or indirectly supports the above-mentioned fuse element from below, and the above-mentioned supporting component is made of the following material: the above-mentioned fuse element is suppressed from deformation at a temperature below the temperature when the rated current of the above-mentioned fuse element is energized, and is deformed by the force from a pressing mechanism at a temperature above the solidus temperature of the metal material constituting the above-mentioned fuse element, thereby allowing the above-mentioned fuse element to be cut off.

[0056] (30) A protection element according to another aspect of the present invention comprises: a first electrode and a second electrode; a fuse element, both end surfaces of which are connected to the first electrode and the second electrode respectively by solder; a convex member and a concave member, which are arranged opposite to each other so as to sandwich the fuse element; and a pressing mechanism, which applies an elastic force in such a manner that the relative distance between the convex member and the concave member is shortened in a first direction, i.e., a direction in which the fuse element is sandwiched, wherein at least one pair of opposing surfaces of the convex portion of the convex member and the concave portion of the concave member, which intersect with a conducting direction of the fuse element, are arranged close to each other when viewed from above in the first direction, and an end surface of one side of the fuse element connected to any one of the first electrode and the second electrode is located in an opening of the concave portion when viewed from above in the first direction, and a connection between the end surface of the one side and the first electrode or the second electrode is cut off at a temperature higher than the softening temperature of a metal material constituting the solder.

[0057] (31) A protection element according to another aspect of the present invention comprises: a first electrode and a second electrode; a fuse element having both end surfaces connected to the first electrode and the second electrode respectively by solder; a convex member and a concave member disposed opposite to each other so as to sandwich the fuse element; and a pressing mechanism for applying an elastic force so as to shorten the relative distance between the convex member and the concave member in a first direction in which the fuse element is sandwiched, wherein at least one pair of opposing surfaces of the convex portion of the convex member and the concave portion of the concave member intersecting with a conducting direction of the fuse element when viewed from above in the first direction are disposed close to each other, wherein the end surface of one side of the fuse element connected to any one of the first electrode and the second electrode is located within an opening of the concave portion when viewed from above in the first direction, and a heating element is further disposed at a position close to the convex portion, wherein the heating element contacts the fuse element to heat and melt the fuse element, and the connection between the end surface of the one side and the first electrode or the second electrode is cut off by heating of the heating element.

[0058] (32) A protection element according to another aspect of the present invention comprises: a first electrode and a second electrode; a fuse element, both end surfaces of which are connected to the first electrode and the second electrode respectively by solder; a convex member and a concave member, which are arranged opposite to each other so as to sandwich the fuse element; and a pressing mechanism, which applies an elastic force in such a manner that the relative distance between the convex member and the concave member is shortened in a first direction, i.e., a direction in which the fuse element is sandwiched, wherein at least one pair of opposing surfaces of the convex portion of the convex member and the concave portion of the concave member, which intersect with a conducting direction of the fuse element, are arranged close to each other when viewed from above in the first direction, and both end surfaces of the fuse element connected to the first electrode and the second electrode are located in an opening of the concave portion when viewed from above in the first direction, and at a temperature higher than the softening temperature of a metal material constituting the solder, the connection between the both end surfaces of the fuse element and at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode is cut off.

[0059] (33) A protection element according to another aspect of the present invention comprises: a first electrode and a second electrode; a fuse element having both end surfaces connected to the first electrode and the second electrode respectively by solder; a convex member and a concave member disposed opposite to each other so as to sandwich the fuse element; and a pressing mechanism that applies an elastic force so as to shorten the relative distance between the convex member and the concave member in a first direction, which is a direction in which the fuse element is sandwiched; at least one pair of opposing surfaces of the convex portion of the convex member and the concave portion of the concave member intersecting with a current-carrying direction of the fuse element when viewed from above in the first direction are disposed close to each other; both end surfaces of the fuse element connected to the first electrode and the second electrode are located within openings of the concave portions when viewed from above in the first direction; a heating element is further disposed at a position close to the convex portions, the heating element being in contact with the fuse element to heat and melt the fuse element, and the connection between the both end surfaces of the fuse element and at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode is cut off by heating of the heating element.

[0060] The effects of the invention are as follows.

[0061] According to the protection element of the present invention, it is possible to provide a protection element which can suppress the occurrence of arc discharge when the fuse element is cut and can quickly stop the arc discharge when the arc discharge occurs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 Schematic diagrams of main parts of the protection element according to the first embodiment, (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view, and (b) is a schematic plan view of a fuse element.

[0063] Figure 2 is Figure 1 An enlarged view of a portion enclosed in a circle by a dotted line in (a), (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view, and (b) is a schematic top view.

[0064] Figure 3 The present invention is a stereoscopic diagram schematically showing examples of the structure of a stacked body, (a) is a square or plate-shaped stacked body, which is a structure using a low melting point metal layer as an inner layer and a high melting point metal layer as an outer layer, (b) is a round rod-shaped stacked body, which is a structure using a low melting point metal layer as an inner layer and a high melting point metal layer as an outer layer, (c) is a square or plate-shaped stacked body, which is a two-layer structure in which a low melting point metal layer and a high melting point metal layer are stacked, and (d) is a square or plate-shaped stacked body, which is a three-layer structure in which a low melting point metal layer is sandwiched between upper and lower high melting point metal layers.

[0065] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of a modified example of the protection element of the first embodiment, (a) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram, (b) is a side view schematic diagram of the fuse element and the terminal component, and (c) is a top view schematic diagram of the fuse element and the terminal component shown in (b) observed from the back side (-z side).

[0066] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the main parts of the protection element of the second embodiment, (a) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram, (b) is a side view schematic diagram of the structure of the first electrode, the second electrode and the fuse element, and (c) is a top view schematic diagram of the structure of the first electrode, the second electrode and the fuse element.

[0067] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the main part of the protection element of the third embodiment, (a) is Figure 1 (a) corresponds to the cross-sectional schematic diagram, (b) is Figure 2 (a) corresponds to the cross-sectional schematic diagram.

[0068] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the main part of the protection element of the fourth embodiment, which is similar to Figure 1 (a) corresponds to the cross-sectional schematic diagram.

[0069] Figure 8 Schematic diagrams showing the structure of an example of the heating element 40 , (a) is a schematic plan view as viewed from the z direction, and (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view.

[0070] Fig. 9 It is shown in Figure 7 FIG. 1 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the position where the heating element 40 is arranged in the protection element.

[0071] Fig.10 This is an example of using a protection element. Figure 7 The protection element 300 shown is a schematic diagram of an example of a structure, (a) is a perspective schematic diagram of the entirety, and (b) is a perspective schematic diagram of only the structure of the lower side.

[0072] Fig.11 yes Figure 8 An exploded perspective schematic diagram of the protection element shown.

[0073] Fig.12 (a) is in Figure 6 The protection element 200A shown is a schematic cross-sectional view of a structure including a heating element that can be electrically connected to a fuse element to heat the fuse element, and (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view after the fuse element shown in (a) is cut off.

[0074] Fig.13(a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main part of a protection element according to a fifth embodiment, and (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view after the fuse element shown in (a) is cut.

[0075] Fig.14 (a) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a structure in which a supporting component indirectly supports a fuse element from below via a heating element, (b) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a condition in which the heating element is energized and the supporting component is deformed by the force from a pressing mechanism, and (c) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram after the fuse element shown in (a) is cut off.

[0076] Fig.15 Schematic diagrams of the main parts of the protection element according to the sixth embodiment, (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view, and (b) is an enlarged view of a portion enclosed in a circle by a dotted line in (a).

[0077] Fig.16 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a modified example of the protection element according to the sixth embodiment.

[0078] Fig.17 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main part of a protection element according to a seventh embodiment.

[0079] Fig.18 is a schematic diagram of the main part of the protection element of the eighth embodiment, (a) is Fig.15 (a) corresponds to the cross-sectional schematic diagram, (b) is Fig.15 (b) is the corresponding cross-sectional schematic diagram.

[0080] Fig.19 is a schematic diagram of the main part of the protection element of the ninth embodiment, (a) is Fig.18 (a) corresponds to the cross-sectional schematic diagram, (b) is Fig.18 (b) is the corresponding cross-sectional schematic diagram.

[0081] Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of the main part of the protection element of the tenth embodiment, (a) is Fig.19 (a) corresponds to the cross-sectional schematic diagram, (b) is Fig.19 (b) is the corresponding cross-sectional schematic diagram.

[0082] Fig.21 is a schematic diagram of the main part of the protection element of the 11th embodiment, (a) is Fig.19 (a) corresponds to the cross-sectional schematic diagram, (b) is Fig.19 (b) is the corresponding cross-sectional schematic diagram.

[0083] Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the main part of the protection element of the twelfth embodiment, (a) is Fig.21(a) corresponds to the cross-sectional schematic diagram, (b) is Fig.21 (b) is the corresponding cross-sectional schematic diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0084] Hereinafter, the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings as appropriate. In the accompanying drawings used in the following description, in order to facilitate understanding of the features, the features are sometimes enlarged for convenience and the dimensional ratios of the components are sometimes different from the actual ones. The materials, dimensions, etc. illustrated in the following description are examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and can be implemented by appropriately changing within the scope of achieving the effects of the present invention.

[0085] (First embodiment)

[0086] Figure 1 Schematic diagrams of main parts of the protection element according to the first embodiment, (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view, and (b) is a schematic plan view of a fuse element.

[0087] Figure 2 is Figure 1 An enlarged view of a portion enclosed in a circle by a dotted line in (a), (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view, and (b) is a schematic top view.

[0088] Figure 1 The fuse element shown is an example of a rectangular flat plate shape when viewed from above. Figure 1 In (a), the direction indicated by x is the length direction of the fuse element (direction of conduction), the direction indicated by y is the width direction of the fuse element (direction perpendicular to the length direction), and the direction indicated by z is the direction perpendicular to the directions x and y.

[0089] Figure 1 The protection element 100 shown in the figure comprises: a fuse element 3 having a first end 3a and a second end 3b, and current is passed from the first end 3a to the second end 3b; a convex member 10 and a concave member 20, which are arranged opposite to each other in such a manner as to sandwich a cut-off portion 3C located between the first end 3a and the second end 3b of the fuse element 3; and a pressing mechanism 30, which is configured such that the convex member 10 and the concave member 20 are contracted in a first direction (z direction) in a direction in which the cut-off portion 3C is sandwiched. The elastic force is applied in a manner of short relative distance, and when viewed from above in the first direction (z direction), at least one pair of opposing surfaces (outer surface 10aBa and inner surface 20aBa, outer surface 10aBb and inner surface 20aBb) of the convex portion 10a of the convex component 10 and the concave portion 20a of the concave component 20, which intersect with the current-carrying direction (x direction) of the fuse element 3, are arranged close to each other, and the fuse element 3 is cut off at a temperature above the softening temperature of the material constituting the fuse element 3.

[0090] <Fuse Component>

[0091] As the fuse element 3, a material used in a known fuse element can be used. Typically, a metal material containing an alloy can be used. Specifically, Pb85% / Sn, Sn / Ag3% / Cu0.5% and the like can be shown.

[0092] The fuse element 3 is cut at a temperature equal to or higher than the softening temperature of the material constituting the fuse element 3. Since the temperature is equal to or higher than the softening temperature, the fuse element 3 can be cut at the "softening temperature".

[0093] “Softening temperature”

[0094] Here, in this specification, "softening temperature" refers to a temperature or temperature range at which a solid phase and a liquid phase mix or coexist. The softening temperature is a temperature or temperature band (temperature range) at which a fuse element softens to the extent that it deforms due to an external force.

[0095] For example, when the material constituting the fuse element is a two-component alloy, the temperature range between the solidus (temperature at which melting begins) and the liquidus (temperature at which complete melting occurs) becomes a so-called sorbet-like state in which the solid phase and the liquid phase are mixed. The temperature range in which the solid phase and the liquid phase are mixed or coexist is a temperature range in which the fuse element softens to the extent that it is deformed by an external force, and this temperature range is the "softening temperature".

[0096] When the material constituting the fuse element is a three-component alloy or a multi-component alloy, the solidus and liquidus are replaced by the solidus and liquidus planes. Similarly, the temperature range in which the solid and liquid are mixed or coexist is the "softening temperature".

[0097] On the other hand, in the case of an alloy, there is a temperature difference between the solidus and the liquidus, so that the "softening temperature" has a temperature range, but in the case where the material constituting the fuse element is a single metal, there is no solidus / liquidus, and there is a melting point / solidification point at one point. Since the solid phase and the liquid phase are mixed or coexist at the melting point or solidification point, in the case of a fuse element of a single metal, the melting point or solidification point is the "softening temperature" in this specification.

[0098] In addition, the solidus and liquidus measurements can be performed during the temperature rise process as discontinuities (temperatures that are stable over time) caused by latent heat generated by phase state changes. Alloy materials and single metals having a temperature or temperature range in which the solid and liquid phases are mixed or coexist can be used as fuse elements of the present invention.

[0099] Figure 1 The fuse element 3 shown is composed of one component (part), but may be composed of a plurality of components (parts).

[0100] Furthermore, the shape of one or more members constituting the fuse element 3 is not particularly limited as long as it can function as a fuse, and examples thereof include a flat plate shape and a linear shape.

[0101] Figure 1 The fuse element 3 shown is a flat plate-shaped component.

[0102] The thickness t and width w of the fuse element 3 can be any size that is not substantially deformed by energization during normal operation but can be cut by a pressing mechanism when an overcurrent flows or when heated by a heating element described below.

[0103] exist Figure 1 In the illustrated fuse element 3, an external terminal hole 3aa and an external terminal hole 3ba are provided at the first end portion 3a and the second end portion 3b, respectively.

[0104] One of the pair of external terminal holes 3aa and 3ba can be used for connection to the power supply side, and the other external terminal hole can be used for connection to the load side.

[0105] Here, the shapes of the external terminal holes 3aa and 3ba are not particularly limited as long as they can be engaged with terminals on the power supply side or the load side (not shown). Figure 1 The external terminal holes 3aa and 3ba shown in (b) are through holes without an open portion, but may be claw-shaped holes having an open portion in part.

[0106] Figure 1 The fuse element 3 shown has a cut-off portion 3C between a first end portion 3a and a second end portion 3b.

[0107] When viewed from the z direction, the cut portion 3C is a portion that coincides with the opening of the recessed portion 20a of the concave member 20. The cut portion 3C is a portion that is easily cut, but the portion that is actually cut may not be the cut portion 3C.

[0108] When the fuse element 3 is formed of a plurality of parts (eg, layers, wires, etc.) composed of materials having different softening temperatures, the fuse element 3 is cut at a temperature higher than the lowest softening temperature.

[0109] In this structure, the layers of the material with the lower softening temperature are sequentially in a mixed state of the solid phase and the liquid phase. However, in the protection element of this embodiment, since the pressing mechanism exerts a force on the fuse element 3 to pinch off the convex part and the concave part, the fuse element 3 can be cut even if all the layers have not reached the softening temperature. In this structure, there are cases where it can be said that it is melted and cases where it can be said that it is sheared from the perspective of each part.

[0110] For example, the fuse element 3 may be a laminate of multiple layers made of materials with different softening temperatures. In this structure, the material layer with a higher softening temperature ensures rigidity, while the material layer with a lower softening temperature makes the fuse element 3 soft at low temperatures and can be cut.

[0111] When the fuse element 3 has such a structure, the layers of the material having the lower softening temperature successively become a mixed state of the solid phase and the liquid phase. However, even if all the layers have not reached the softening temperature, the fuse element 3 can be cut.

[0112] When the fuse element 3 is a laminate composed of three layers, the inner layer and the outer layer are preferably a low melting point metal layer and the outer layer is a high melting point metal layer, but the outer layer may be a low melting point metal layer and the inner layer may be a high melting point metal layer.

[0113] Since the softening temperature of the high melting point metal layer is higher than that of the low melting point metal layer, in the laminate constituting the fuse element 3, the mixed state of the solid phase and the liquid phase starts first in the low melting point metal layer, and the fuse element 3 can be cut off before the high melting point metal layer reaches the softening temperature.

[0114] As the low melting point metal used in the low melting point metal layer, Sn or a metal mainly composed of Sn is preferably used. This is because the melting point of Sn is 232° C., and the metal mainly composed of Sn has a low melting point and becomes soft at low temperatures.

[0115] For example, the solidus of Sn / Ag3% / Cu0.5% alloy is 217°C.

[0116] As the high melting point metal used in the high melting point metal layer, Ag, Cu or a metal mainly composed of them is preferably used. This is because, for example, the melting point of Ag is 962°C, so the high melting point metal layer composed of a metal mainly composed of Ag can maintain rigidity at a temperature at which the low melting point metal layer softens.

[0117] Various structures can be adopted as the structure of the stacked body.

[0118] Figure 3 A perspective view schematically showing an example of the structure of a stacked body is shown.

[0119] Figure 3 The stacked body (fuse element) 3AA shown in (a) is square or plate-shaped, using a low melting point metal layer 3Aa as an inner layer and a high melting point metal layer 3Ab as an outer layer, but the inner and outer layers can also be reversed.

[0120] Figure 3The laminate (fuse element) 3BB shown in (b) is in the shape of a round rod, and uses a low melting point metal layer 3Ba as an inner layer and a high melting point metal layer 3Bb as an outer layer, but the inner and outer layers may be reversed.

[0121] Figure 3 The stacked body (fuse element) 3CC shown in (c) is in a square or plate shape and has a two-layer structure in which a low melting point metal layer 3Ca and a high melting point metal layer 3Cb are stacked.

[0122] Figure 3 The stacked body (fuse element) 3DD shown in (d) is square or plate-shaped, and is a three-layer structure formed by sandwiching a low melting point metal layer 3Da with a high melting point metal layer 3Db and a high melting point metal layer 3Dc. It can also be set to a three-layer structure formed by sandwiching a high melting point metal layer with two low melting point metal layers.

[0123] Figure 3 (a) to (d) are two-layer or three-layer laminates, but may be four or more layers.

[0124] <Relationship between convex and concave parts>

[0125] exist Figure 1 In the protection element 100 shown, the convex part 10a provided in the convex component 10 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and has a lower surface 10aA parallel to the xy plane, an outer side surface 10aBa and an outer side surface 10aBb parallel to the yz plane, and a pair of outer side surfaces (not shown) parallel to the xz plane. In addition, the concave part 20a provided in the concave component 20 has a hole (space) corresponding to the rectangular parallelepiped shape of the convex part 10a into which the convex part 10a can be inserted, and has an outer side surface 20aBa and an inner side surface 20aBb parallel to the yz plane, and a pair of inner side surfaces (not shown) parallel to the xz plane.

[0126] exist Figure 1 In the protection element 100 shown, in a top view from the thickness direction (z direction), two sets of opposing outer side surfaces 10aBa and inner side surfaces 20aBa of the convex portion 10a of the convex component 10 and the concave portion 20a of the concave component 20, as well as the outer side surface 10aBb and the inner side surface 20aBb, which are orthogonal to the current-carrying direction (x direction) of the fuse element 3, are closely arranged.

[0127] exist Figure 1 In the protection element 100 shown, the outer side surface 10aBa and the inner side surface 20aBa, as well as the outer side surface 10aBb and the inner side surface 20aBb may intersect with the current-carrying direction (x direction) of the fuse element 3, and orthogonal to each other is just an example.

[0128] Hereinafter, the male member 10 and the female member 20 will be described separately in further detail.

[0129] <Convex parts>

[0130] The convex member 10 includes at least a convex portion 10 a having a front end surface 10 aA, and is disposed on the opposite side of the concave member 20 across the fuse element 3 in the thickness direction (z direction) of the fuse element 3 .

[0131] The convex portion 10 a included in the convex member 10 is formed in a shape that can be inserted into the concave portion 20 a of the concave member 20 when the fuse element 3 is cut.

[0132] exist Figure 1 In the protection element 100 shown, the convex portion 10 has a shape that fits into the concave portion 20 a of the concave member 20 in the current-carrying direction (x direction) of the fuse element 3 .

[0133] Here, use Figure 2 "Embedding" is explained.

[0134] When viewed from above in the z direction, in the current-carrying direction (x direction) of the fuse element 3, a separation distance d1 between an outer side surface 10aBa of the protrusion 10a on the first end 3a side and an inner side surface 20aBa of the recess 20a on the first end 3a side, and a separation distance d2 between an outer side surface 10aBb of the protrusion 10a on the second end 3b side and an inner side surface 20aBb of the recess 20a on the second end 3b side are smaller. When the protrusion 10a is inserted into the recess 20a, the outer side surface of the protrusion 10a is in contact with the inner side surface of the recess 20a while being inserted. In this specification, this structure is referred to as "embedding".

[0135] The structure of the outer side surface 10aBa and the inner side surface 20aBa and the outer side surface 10aBb and the inner side surface 20aBb "embedded" is an example of the structure of the "close configuration" of the opposing surfaces. The separation distances d1 and d2 are not limited, but are 0.1 to 0.2 mm, preferably 0.02 to 0.1 mm. The separation distances d1 and d2 may be the same or different.

[0136] If the convex part 10a and the concave part 20a are in a shape that fits into each other, that is, if the spacing distances d1 and d2 are close distances to the extent that they are inserted while in contact, the fuse element 3 is easily cut by shear force when a force is applied in a direction that shortens the relative distance between the convex part 10 and the concave part 20. Here, in this specification, "shear" refers to an action such as pinching off the fuse element, and "shear force" refers to a force that applies such an action when a pair of forces in opposite directions act in parallel to a certain cross section of the fuse element, so that the fuse element is subjected to an action such as sliding off along the surface.

[0137] By setting the shape in which the convex part 10a and the concave part 20a fit into each other, it is easy to exhibit the shearing action.

[0138] exist Figure 1 In the protection element 100 shown, the dimension of the protrusion 10a embedded in the recess 20a in the power-on direction (x direction) of the fuse element 3 is shown, but the dimension of the protrusion 10a embedded in the recess 20a in the width direction (y direction) intersecting the power-on direction of the fuse element 3 can also be shown.

[0139] Furthermore, the width (y direction) of the projection 10 is preferably equal to or greater than the width of the fuse element 3 in order to facilitate cutting of the fuse element 3 .

[0140] As a specific shape of the outer side surface of the projection 10 a , the cross-sectional shape of the surface parallel to the xy plane can be a rectangle or a square, but the shape is not limited thereto.

[0141] The convex member 10 is made of a material that can maintain a relatively hard state even at the softening temperature of the material constituting the fuse element, or a material that does not substantially deform. Specifically, a ceramic material or a resin material having a high glass transition temperature can be used.

[0142] Here, the glass transition temperature (Tg) of a resin material refers to the temperature at which a resin changes from a soft rubber state to a hard glass state. If the resin is heated to a temperature above the glass transition temperature, the molecules move easily and become a soft rubber state. On the other hand, if the resin is cooled, the movement of the molecules is restricted and the resin becomes a hard glass state.

[0143] As the ceramic material, alumina and zirconia can be exemplified. If a material with high thermal conductivity such as alumina is used, the heat generated by the fuse element can be efficiently dissipated to the outside, so that the fuse element can be locally heated and melted.

[0144] Examples of resin materials having a high glass transition temperature include nylon resins, fluorine resins, silicone resins, and PPS resins. Resin materials generally have lower thermal conductivity than ceramic materials, but can be manufactured at low cost.

[0145] In addition, the tracking resistance (resistance to damage by tracking (carbonized conductive path)) of nylon-based resins is particularly high, being 250 V or more. The tracking resistance can be obtained by a test based on IEC60112. Among nylon-based resins, nylon 46, nylon 6T, and nylon 9T are preferably used, which can make the tracking resistance 600 V or more.

[0146] When the convex member 10 is made of a material other than resin, such as a ceramic material, a part of the convex portion 10, such as the front end surface 10aA, may be covered with a nylon-based resin.

[0147] <Concave parts>

[0148] The concave member 20 includes at least a concave portion 20 a and is disposed on the opposite side of the convex member 10 across the fuse element 3 in the thickness direction (z direction) of the fuse element 3 .

[0149] The recessed portion 20 a of the female member 20 is formed in a shape into which the convex portion 10 a of the convex member 10 can be inserted when the fuse element 3 is cut.

[0150] exist Figure 1 In the protection element 100 shown, as described above, the recessed portion 20 a has a shape into which the convex portion 10 a of the convex member 10 is fitted.

[0151] As a specific shape of the inner side surface of the recessed portion 20 a , the cross-sectional shape of the surface parallel to the xy plane can be a rectangle or a square, but the shape is not limited thereto.

[0152] As the material of the female member 20 , the same material as that of the male member 10 can be used.

[0153] Furthermore, similar to the male member 10, when the female member 20 is made of a material other than resin, for example, a ceramic material, a part of the recessed portion 20a may be covered with a nylon-based resin.

[0154] Here, the convex member 10 and the concave member 20 sandwich the cut-off portion 3C of the fuse element 3 means that the convex member 10 and the concave member 20 sandwich the fuse element 3 in contact with each other from above and below, and when viewed from the z direction, the convex member 10 and the concave member 20 overlap with the cut-off portion 3C. It does not matter whether either the convex member 10 or the concave member 20 is in contact with the cut-off portion 3C.

[0155] <Pressing mechanism>

[0156] As the pressing mechanism 30, a known mechanism that can apply elastic force to shorten the relative distance between the male member 10 and the female member 20 in the direction (z direction) where the male member 10 and the female member 20 sandwich the cut portion 3C of the fuse element 3 can be used. For example, a spring, rubber, etc. can be exemplified.

[0157] exist Figure 1 In the protection element 100 shown, a spring is used as the pressing mechanism 30, and the spring is placed on the upper surface 10bA of the base portion 10b of the male member 10 and is held in a contracted state.

[0158] exist Figure 1 In the protection element 100 shown, the pressing mechanism 30 is provided on the male member 10 side, but may be provided on the female member 20 side, or may be provided on both the male member 10 side and the female member 20 side.

[0159] By adopting a structure provided on both the male member 10 side and the female member 20 side, the elastic force can be strengthened, and even if one pressing mechanism 30 fails, the other pressing mechanism 30 can still function.

[0160] When the pressing mechanism 30 is provided on both the male member 10 side and the female member 20 side, the pressing mechanisms 30 on both sides may be the same or different.

[0161] Furthermore, a plurality of pressing mechanisms 30 may be provided on one or both of the male member 10 side and the female member 20 side.

[0162] In the case of a configuration including a plurality of pressing mechanisms 30 , the elastic force can be adjusted by making the degrees of contraction different from each other.

[0163] When a spring is used as the pressing mechanism 30 , a known material can be used as the spring material.

[0164] In the protection element 100 of the present embodiment, when a current exceeding the rated current flows through the fuse element 3 and the fuse element 3 is heated to a temperature not lower than its softening temperature, the fuse element 3 is cut and the conduction is interrupted.

[0165] Here, in the protection element 100, the convex part 10 and the concave part 20 are subjected to the elastic force of the pressing mechanism 30, and a shearing force is applied to shear the fuse element 3, so that the fuse element 3 can be cut even if it is not completely melted. The timing at which the fuse element 3 is cut is determined by the structure of the fuse element 3, the structure of the convex part 10 and the concave part 20, the elastic force of the pressing mechanism 30, and the like.

[0166] The protection element 100 is different from the above-mentioned spring-utilizing type protection element in which the connection between the fuse element and the spring is disconnected in that the fuse element itself is physically disconnected.

[0167] Furthermore, arc discharge depends on the electric field strength which is inversely proportional to the distance. However, in the protection element 100, the distance between the cut surfaces of the cut fuse element increases rapidly due to the elastic force, so that even if arc discharge occurs, the arc discharge can be stopped quickly.

[0168] Furthermore, in the protection element 100, since the fuse element can be cut at a softening temperature before the fuse element completely melts or at a softening temperature at which the solid phase and the liquid phase mix, arc discharge itself can be reduced.

[0169] In the fuse element 3 , a notch for facilitating cutting may be formed at a portion where a shear force strongly acts when viewed from above in the thickness direction (z direction).

[0170] (Variation Example)

[0171] Figure 4 Schematic diagrams of modified examples of the protection element of the first embodiment, (a) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram, (b) is a side schematic diagram of the fuse element and the terminal component, and (c) is a top schematic diagram of the fuse element and the terminal component shown in (b) observed from the back side (-z side). Components using the same symbols in the above drawings have the same structure and the description is omitted. In addition, even if the symbols are different from those in the above drawings but the functions are the same, the description is sometimes omitted.

[0172] <First terminal member, second terminal member>

[0173] exist Figure 4 In the protection element 100A shown, the first terminal member 5 is connected in a manner overlapping the thickness direction of the first end portion 3a of the fuse element 3, and the second terminal member 6 is connected in a manner overlapping the thickness direction of the second end portion 3b, which is a major difference from the protection element 100.

[0174] The first terminal member and the second terminal member each strengthen rigidity for external connection with the fuse element to reduce resistance.

[0175] The first terminal member 5 has an external terminal hole 5a at a position corresponding to the external terminal hole 3aa provided at the first end portion 3a, and the second terminal member 6 has an external terminal hole 6a at a position corresponding to the external terminal hole 3ba provided at the second end portion 3b.

[0176] Examples of the material of the first terminal member and the second terminal member include copper and brass.

[0177] Among them, brass is preferred from the viewpoint of strengthening rigidity.

[0178] Among them, copper is preferred from the viewpoint of reducing the resistance.

[0179] The materials of the first terminal member and the second terminal member may be the same or different.

[0180] As a method of connecting the first terminal member and the second terminal member to the first end portion and the second end portion, a known method can be used, for example, joining by soldering or welding, mechanical joining such as rivet joining or screw joining, etc. can be mentioned.

[0181] The thickness of the first terminal member and the second terminal member is not limited, but can be set to 0.3 to 1.0 mm as a standard.

[0182] The thicknesses of the first terminal member and the second terminal member may be the same or different.

[0183] (Second embodiment)

[0184] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the main parts of the protection element of the second embodiment, (a) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram, (b) is a side view schematic diagram of the structure of the first electrode, the second electrode and the fuse element, and (c) is a top view schematic diagram of the structure of the first electrode, the second electrode and the fuse element.

[0185] Components denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment have the same configurations, and their descriptions are omitted.

[0186] Furthermore, even if the reference numerals are different from those in the first embodiment, description of components having the same functions may be omitted.

[0187] The main difference between the protection element of the second embodiment and the protection element of the first embodiment is that a first electrode and a second electrode are provided at both ends of a fuse element.

[0188] Specifically, Figure 5 The protection element 200 shown in (a) includes a first electrode 1 and a second electrode 2 . The first electrode 1 is connected to a first end 3 a of a fuse element 3 , and the second electrode 2 is connected to a second end 3 b of the fuse element 3 , respectively.

[0189] <First electrode, second electrode>

[0190] The first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 are electrically connected to the first end portion 3 a and the second end portion 3 b of the fuse element 3 , respectively.

[0191] A known electrode material can be used as the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2. For example, a metal (including an alloy) can be used. Specific materials include copper, brass, nickel, stainless steel, and 42 alloy.

[0192] The shapes of the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 are Figure 5 In the illustrated case, the overall shape is rectangular in plan view, but any shape may be used as long as the effects of the present invention are achieved.

[0193] The first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 include an external terminal hole 1 a and an external terminal hole 2 a , respectively.

[0194] One of the pair of external terminal holes 1 a and 2 a can be used for connection to a power source side, and the other external terminal hole can be used for connection to a load side.

[0195] Here, the shape of the external terminal holes 1a and 2a is not particularly limited as long as they can be engaged with the terminals on the power supply side or the load side (not shown). Figure 5The external terminal holes 1a and 2a shown in (c) are through holes without an open portion, but may be claw-shaped holes having an open portion in part.

[0196] The thickness of the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 is not limited, but can be set to 0.05 to 1.0 mm as a guide.

[0197] The first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 can also be connected to a metal plate that becomes an external connection terminal that can handle a large current. The connection can be carried out by known methods such as soldering. As the metal plate, a metal plate identical to the first terminal component 5 and the second terminal component 6 can be used.

[0198] It is preferable that at least one of the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 is joined to the fuse element 3 by soldering, and it is more preferable that both of the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 are joined to the fuse element 3 by soldering.

[0199] This is to reduce the resistance between the first electrode 1 or the second electrode 2 and the fuse element 3 .

[0200] As the material of the solder, a known material can be used, but a material containing Sn as a main component is preferable from the viewpoint of resistivity and melting point.

[0201] (Third embodiment)

[0202] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the main part of the protection element of the third embodiment, (a) is Figure 1 (a) corresponds to the cross-sectional schematic diagram, (b) is Figure 2 Components using the same reference numerals as those in the above-mentioned embodiment have the same structure, and description thereof is omitted. Also, even if reference numerals are different from those in the above-mentioned embodiment, description of components having the same functions is omitted.

[0203] The protection element of the third embodiment is different from the protection element of the second embodiment in that, among two sets of opposing outer side surfaces and inner side surfaces of the convex portion of the convex member and the concave portion of the concave member, only one set is disposed close to each other.

[0204] As a modification of the protection element of the third embodiment, Figure 1 As in the protection element shown in FIG. 1 , the first electrode and the second electrode are not provided.

[0205] exist Figure 6In the protection element 200A shown, among the two groups of outer side surfaces 11aBa and inner side surfaces 20aBa, and outer side surfaces 11aBb and inner side surfaces 20aBb, which are opposite to each other in the current-carrying direction (x direction) of the fuse element 3, of the convex portion 11a of the convex component 11 and the concave portion 20a of the concave component 20, only the group of outer side surfaces 11aBa and inner side surfaces 20aBa are arranged close to each other when viewed from above in the thickness direction (z direction).

[0206] The spring used as the pressing mechanism 30 is placed on the upper surface 11bA of the base portion 11b of the convex member 11 and is held in a contracted state.

[0207] In the protection element of the third embodiment, when viewed in plan from the thickness direction (z direction), the shearing action of pinching off the fuse element 3 becomes stronger near the outer side surface 11 aBa and the inner side surface 20 aBa.

[0208] On the other hand, in the protection elements of the first and second embodiments, when viewed from the thickness direction (z direction), the shearing action of pinching off the fuse element 3 becomes stronger at two locations, namely, the vicinity of the outer side surface 10aBa and the inner side surface 20aBa, and the vicinity of the outer side surface 10aBb and the inner side surface 20aBb. In the protection elements of the first and second embodiments, there are two locations where the shearing action is stronger, but after the cutting test, one of the locations is actually cut off.

[0209] This is considered to be because when cutting is performed at one site, the shearing force applied to the other site is dispersed.

[0210] Furthermore, by setting the shearing portion to one position from the beginning, the strength of the spring serving as the pressing mechanism 30 can be set low, and as a result, the cost of components can be reduced by simplifying the housing 60 and miniaturizing the spring.

[0211] In the fuse element 3 , a notch for facilitating cutting may be formed at a portion where a shear force strongly acts when viewed from above in the thickness direction (z direction).

[0212] (Fourth embodiment)

[0213] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the main part of the protection element of the fourth embodiment, which is similar to Figure 1 Components using the same reference numerals as those in the above-mentioned embodiment have the same structure, and description thereof is omitted. Also, even if reference numerals are different from those in the above-mentioned embodiment, description of components having the same functions is omitted.

[0214] The protection element of the fourth embodiment is different from the protection element of the third embodiment in that a heating element that can be electrically connected to a fuse element to heat the fuse element is provided.

[0215] Specifically, in Figure 7 In the protection element 300 shown, a heating element 40 for heating the fuse element 3 in contact with the fuse element 3 is provided at a position close to the protrusion 10 .

[0216] Figure 8 Schematic diagrams showing the structure of an example of the heating element 40 , (a) is a schematic plan view as viewed from the z direction, and (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view.

[0217] The heating element 40 includes a heating element 41 and an electrode layer 42 electrically connected to the heating element 41 on a surface on the fuse element 3 side.

[0218] The heating element 40 further includes an insulating substrate 43 on which the heating element 41 is formed, an insulating layer 44 covering the heating element 41 , and heating element electrodes 45 a and 45 b formed at both ends of the insulating substrate 43 .

[0219] The heating element 41 is made of a conductive material that generates heat when electricity is applied, such as a nickel-chromium alloy, W, Mo, Ru, etc., or a material containing them. The heating element 41 is formed by mixing a powder of the above alloy or composition or compound with a resin binder, etc. to make a paste, forming a pattern on an insulating substrate 43 using a screen printing technique, and firing the mixture.

[0220] The insulating substrate 43 is a substrate having insulating properties such as alumina, glass ceramics, mullite, or zirconia.

[0221] The insulating layer 44 is provided to protect and insulate the heating element 41 and to efficiently transfer the heat generated by the heating element 41 to the fuse element 3 .

[0222] exist Figure 7 In the shown protection element 300 , the heating element 41 is connected to the fuse element 3 via the electrode layer 42 .

[0223] exist Figure 7 In the protection element 300 shown, when an abnormality occurs in the external circuit that is the current path of the protection element, the heating element 40 generates heat, so that the temperature of the fuse element 3 can be more quickly raised to a temperature higher than the softening temperature, thereby disconnecting the fuse element 3 .

[0224] When it is necessary to disconnect the current path of the external circuit, the heating element 41 can be energized by a current control element provided in the external circuit.

[0225] When a current exceeding the rated current flows through the fuse element 3 or when the heating element 41 is energized, the fuse element 3 is heated to a temperature above the softening temperature and the fuse element is cut off. By cutting off the fuse element 3, the current path of the external circuit is disconnected, and the power supply to the heating element 41 is also cut off.

[0226] The width of the heating element 40 in the length direction of the fuse element 3 and the location of the heating element 40 affect the cut-off position of the fuse element 3. In order to concentrate the pressing force of the convex component at one location, the width of the heating element 40 in the length direction of the fuse element 3 is made smaller than the width of the convex portion 10a, and the heating element 40 is arranged close to one side of the inner side surface of the concave portion of the concave component.

[0227] Specifically, if Fig. 9 As shown, when cutting is desired near the outer side surface 10aBa and the inner side surface 20aBa and near the outer side surface 10aBb and the inner side surface 20aBb, the heating element 40 is arranged on the inner side surface 20aBa side.

[0228] exist Figure 7 In the illustrated protection element 300 , the heating element 40 is provided on the surface 3B of the fuse element 3 on the side of the concave member 20 , but may be provided on the surface 3A on the side of the convex member 10 .

[0229] exist Figure 7 In the protection element 300 shown, the side surfaces of the heating element 40 , the outer side surfaces of the protrusions 10 , and the inner side surfaces of the recesses 20 are preferably electrically insulated.

[0230] Fig.10 This is an example of using the above protection element. Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the structure of an example of the protection element 300 shown in FIG. 1 is a perspective schematic diagram of the entire structure, and (b) is a perspective schematic diagram of the structure of only the lower side. Fig.11 yes Fig.10 An exploded perspective schematic diagram of the protection element shown.

[0231] Fig.10 The protection element 400 shown has Figure 7 In addition to the components shown, the main components include the third electrode 5 for energizing the heating element 40, the guide 20C provided on the concave component 20 and guiding the convex portion 10a of the convex component 10 to the concave portion 20a, and the housing 60 (upper housing 60A, lower housing 60B). In addition, a holding frame for holding the spring component 30 is provided on the upper surface 10bA of the base 10b of the convex component 10 in the housing 60.

[0232] The third electrode 5 is electrically connected to the heating body electrode 45 a of the heating element 40 via the connection conductor 7 .

[0233] The housing 60 can be formed of an insulating material such as engineering plastic, alumina, glass ceramic, mullite, or zirconia.

[0234] The housing 60 is preferably formed of a ceramic material with high thermal conductivity such as alumina. The fuse element efficiently dissipates heat generated by overcurrent to the outside, and the fuse element held in a hollow state can be locally heated and melted.

[0235] Fig.12 (a) is in Figure 6 The protection element 200A shown is a schematic cross-sectional view of a structure including a heating element that can be electrically connected to a fuse element to heat the fuse element.

[0236] Specifically, when viewed from the thickness direction (z direction), Fig.12 The protection element 500 shown in (a) includes a heating element 40 for heating the fuse element 3 at a position overlapping with the convex portion 10 a on the fuse element 3 .

[0237] Fig.12 (b) is Fig.12 (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fuse element after being cut.

[0238] exist Fig.12 In the protection element 500 shown, the heating element 40 is provided on the surface 3B of the fuse element 3 on the side of the concave member 20 , but may be provided on the surface 3A on the side of the convex member 10 .

[0239] (Fifth embodiment)

[0240] Fig.13 (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main part of a protection element according to a fifth embodiment.

[0241] Components using the same reference numerals as those in the above embodiment have the same structure, and description thereof will be omitted. Also, even if reference numerals are different from those in the above embodiment, description of components having the same function may be omitted.

[0242] The protection element of the fifth embodiment is different from the protection element of the third embodiment in that the protection element includes a support component, which is arranged in a recessed portion of the recessed component and directly or indirectly supports the fuse element from below. The support component is made of a material that suppresses deformation of the fuse element at a temperature below the temperature when the rated current of the fuse element is energized, and deforms due to the force from a pressing mechanism at a temperature above the solidus temperature of the material constituting the fuse element, thereby allowing the fuse element to be cut off.

[0243] By providing such a supporting member, the shear load of the fuse element can be reduced at a temperature not higher than the temperature at which the rated current is flowing through the fuse element.

[0244] Specifically, Fig.13 The protection element 600 shown in (a) includes a support component 50, which is arranged in the recessed portion 20a of the recessed component 20 and directly supports the fuse element 3 from below. The support component 50 suppresses deformation of the fuse element 3 at a temperature below the rated current of the fuse element 3, and deforms due to the force from the pressing mechanism 30 at a temperature above the solidus temperature of the material constituting the fuse element 3, allowing the fuse element 3 to be cut off.

[0245] Fig.13 In (a), the support member 50 supports the fuse element 3 in direct contact with the fuse element 3, but may support the fuse element 3 indirectly via a layer.

[0246] As a material of the support member 50 , for example, ABS, POM, PC, PA, etc. having a heat deformation temperature of about 100 to 150° C. can be used.

[0247] Fig.13 (b) is Fig.13 (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fuse element after being cut.

[0248] When the fuse element is cut, the support member 50 is deformed as indicated by reference numeral 50A by the force from the pressing mechanism 30 .

[0249] Fig.14 (a) and Fig.13 Compared with the protection element 600 shown in (a), the protection element 600 is different in that the heat generating element 40 is provided, and the support member 51 indirectly supports the fuse element 3 from below via the heat generating element 40 .

[0250] exist Fig.14 In the protection element 700 shown in (a), when it is necessary to disconnect the current path of the external circuit, the current control element provided in the external circuit starts to energize the heating element 41, and the support member 51 is deformed like the support member 51A due to the force from the pressing mechanism 30 (see Fig.14 (b)). In addition, the support member 51A is deformed, and the fuse element 3 receives the heat of the heating element 41 and becomes soft. At a temperature above the softening temperature of the fuse element, the protrusion 10a cuts off the fuse element 3 (see Fig.14 (c)). By cutting off the fuse element 3, the current path of the external circuit is disconnected, and the power supply to the heating element 41 is also disconnected.

[0251] (Sixth embodiment)

[0252] Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the main part of the protection element of the sixth embodiment, (a) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram, (b) is an enlarged view of the portion enclosed by a dotted line in (a). Components using the same symbols as those in the above embodiment have the same structure, and the description is omitted. In addition, even if the symbols are different from those in the above embodiment, the description of the components with the same functions is omitted.

[0253] The main difference between the protection element of the sixth embodiment and the protection element of the first embodiment is that a heating element that contacts the fuse element and heats and melts the fuse element is provided at a position close to the protrusion.

[0254] Fig.15 The protection element 800 shown in (a) of the present invention comprises: a fuse element 3 having a first end 3a and a second end 3b, and current is passed from the first end 3a to the second end 3b; a convex member 10 and a concave member 20, which are arranged opposite to each other in a manner of sandwiching a cut-off portion 3C located between the first end 3a and the second end 3b of the fuse element 3; and a pressing mechanism 30, which applies an elastic force in a manner of shortening the relative distance between the convex member 10 and the concave member 20 in a direction of sandwiching the cut-off portion 3C, that is, in a first direction (z direction). Force, in a top view from the first direction (z direction), at least a pair of opposing surfaces (outer surface 10aBa and inner surface 20aBa, outer surface 10aBb and inner surface 20aBb) of the convex portion 10a of the convex component 10 and the concave portion 20a of the concave component 20, which intersect with the current-carrying direction (x direction) of the fuse element 3, are arranged close to each other, and a heating element 40 is provided at a position close to the convex portion 10, which contacts the fuse element 3 to heat and melt the fuse element 3, and the fuse element 3 is cut off by the heating of the heating element 40.

[0255] In the protection element of the sixth embodiment, the fuse element 3 can be melted by heating of the heating element 40 , and the male member 10 , the female member 20 , and the pressing mechanism 30 serve as auxiliary means for cutting the fuse element 3 .

[0256] (Variation Example)

[0257] Fig.16 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a modified example of the protection element of the sixth embodiment. Components using the same reference numerals as those in the above embodiment have the same structure and description thereof is omitted. Also, even if the reference numerals are different from those in the above embodiment, description of components having the same function is omitted.

[0258] <First terminal member, second terminal member>

[0259] exist Fig.16The main difference of the protection element 800A shown is that the first terminal member 5 is connected to overlap in the thickness direction of the first end portion 3a of the fuse element 3, and the second terminal member 6 is connected to overlap in the thickness direction of the second end portion 3b.

[0260] (Seventh Implementation Method)

[0261] Fig.17 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the main part of the protection element of the seventh embodiment. The components using the same symbols as the above embodiments have the same structure and the description thereof is omitted. In addition, even if the symbols are different from those of the above embodiments, the description of the components having the same functions is omitted.

[0262] The main difference between the protection element of the seventh embodiment and the protection element of the sixth embodiment is that a first electrode and a second electrode are provided at both ends of a fuse element.

[0263] Specifically, Fig.17 The protection element 900 shown includes a first electrode 1 and a second electrode 2 . The first electrode 1 is connected to a first end 3 a of a fuse element 3 , and the second electrode 2 is connected to a second end 3 b of the fuse element 3 , respectively.

[0264] The fuse element 3 melted by the heating of the heating element 40 is sandwiched between the male member 10 and the female member 20 by the stress from the pressing mechanism 30 and cut.

[0265] (Eighth Implementation Method)

[0266] Fig.18 is a schematic diagram of the main part of the protection element of the eighth embodiment, (a) is Fig.15 (a) corresponds to the cross-sectional schematic diagram, (b) is Fig.15 (b) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram (enlarged view) corresponding to the embodiment. The components using the same symbols as the above embodiment have the same structure and the description is omitted. In addition, sometimes, even if the symbols are different from the above embodiment, the description of the components with the same function is omitted.

[0267] The protection element of the eighth embodiment is different from the protection element of the sixth embodiment in that, among two sets of opposing outer side surfaces and inner side surfaces of the convex portion of the convex member and the concave portion of the concave member, only one set is disposed close to each other.

[0268] exist Fig.18In the protection element 1000 shown, among the two groups of outer side surfaces 11aBa and inner side surfaces 20aBa, and outer side surfaces 11aBb and inner side surfaces 20aBb, which are opposite to each other in the current-carrying direction (x direction) of the fuse element 3, of the convex portion 11a of the convex component 11 and the concave portion 20a of the concave component 20, only the group of outer side surfaces 11aBa and inner side surfaces 20aBa are arranged close to each other when viewed from above in the thickness direction (z direction).

[0269] The spring used as the pressing mechanism 30 is placed on the upper surface 11bA of the base portion 11b of the convex member 11 and is held in a contracted state.

[0270] (Ninth Implementation Method)

[0271] Fig.19 is a schematic diagram of the main part of the protection element of the ninth embodiment, (a) is Fig.18 (a) corresponds to the cross-sectional schematic diagram, (b) is Fig.18 (b) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram (enlarged view) corresponding to the embodiment. The components using the same symbols as the above embodiment have the same structure and the description is omitted. In addition, sometimes, even if the symbols are different from the above embodiment, the description of the components with the same function is omitted.

[0272] The protection element of the 9th embodiment is different from the protection element of the 8th embodiment in that the two end faces of the fuse element are respectively connected to the first electrode and the above-mentioned second electrode by solder, and the end face of one of the two end faces of the fuse element is located in the opening of the recess when viewed from the first direction (z direction).

[0273] Fig.19 The protection element 1100 shown in the figure comprises: a first electrode 1 and a second electrode 2; a fuse element 13, whose two end surfaces 13aA and 13bB are connected to the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 respectively by solder; a convex member 11 and a concave member 20, which are arranged opposite to each other in a manner of sandwiching the fuse element 13; and a pressing mechanism 30, which applies an elastic force in a manner of shortening the relative distance between the convex member 11 and the concave member 20 in a direction of sandwiching the fuse element 13, that is, in a first direction (z direction), so as to move the convex member 11 and the concave member 20 from the first direction (z direction) to the concave member 20. In a top view, a pair of opposing surfaces (outer surface 11aBa and inner surface 20aBa) of the convex portion 11a of the convex component 11 and the concave portion 20a of the concave component 20, which intersect the current-carrying direction of the fuse element 13, are arranged close to each other, and an end face 13aA on one side of the fuse element 13 connected to the first electrode 1 is located in the opening of the concave portion 20 when viewed from above in the first direction (z direction), and the connection between the end face 13aA on one side and the first electrode 1 is cut off at a temperature above the softening temperature of the metal material constituting the solder.

[0274] Fig.19The protection element 1100 shown in the figure includes a support member 50, which is arranged in the recessed portion 20a of the recessed member 20 and directly supports the fuse element 13 from below. The support member 50 suppresses deformation of the fuse element 13 at a temperature below the rated current of the fuse element 3, and deforms due to the force from the pressing mechanism 30 at a temperature above the solidus temperature of the material constituting the fuse element 3, thereby allowing the fuse element 13 to be cut. By including the support member 50, the shear load of the fuse element 13 can be reduced.

[0275] (10th embodiment)

[0276] Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of the main part of the protection element of the tenth embodiment, (a) is Fig.19 (a) corresponds to the cross-sectional schematic diagram, (b) is Fig.19 (b) corresponds to the schematic cross-sectional view (enlarged view).

[0277] Components using the same reference numerals as those in the above-described embodiment have the same structure, and description thereof will be omitted.

[0278] Furthermore, even if the reference numerals are different from those in the above-described embodiment, description of components having the same functions may be omitted.

[0279] The protection element of the tenth embodiment is different from the protection element of the ninth embodiment in that a heating element is provided which is electrically connected to the fuse element and heats and melts the fuse element.

[0280] Fig. 20 The protection element 1200 shown in the figure comprises: a first electrode 1 and a second electrode 2; a fuse element 13, whose two end surfaces 13aA and 13bB are connected to the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 respectively by solder; a convex member 11 and a concave member 20, which are arranged opposite to each other in a manner of sandwiching the fuse element 13; and a pressing mechanism 30, which applies an elastic force in a manner of shortening the relative distance between the convex member 11 and the concave member 20 in a direction of sandwiching the fuse element 13, that is, in a first direction (z direction), so that the convex member 11 and the concave member 20 are in a direction of sandwiching the fuse element 13, and the pressing mechanism 30 is in a direction of sandwiching the fuse element 13, and the convex member 11 and the concave member 20 are ... A pair of opposing faces (outer side face 11aBa and inner side face 20aBa) of the crossed convex portion 11a of the convex component 11 and the concave portion 20a of the concave component 20 are arranged close to each other. When viewed from above from the first direction (z direction), the end face 13aA of the fuse element 13 connected to the first electrode 1 is located in the opening of the concave portion 20. A heating element 40 is also provided at a position close to the convex portion 10, which contacts the fuse element 13 to heat and melt the fuse element 13. The connection between the end face 13aA on one side and the first electrode 1 is cut off by heating of the heating element 40.

[0281] Fig. 20The protection element 1200 shown also includes a support member 51, which is arranged in the recessed portion 20a of the recessed member 20 and directly supports the fuse element 13 from below. The support member 51 suppresses deformation of the fuse element 13 at a temperature below the rated current of the fuse element 3, and deforms due to the force from the pressing mechanism 30 at a temperature above the solidus temperature of the material constituting the fuse element 3, thereby allowing the fuse element 13 to be cut. By including the support member 51, the shear load of the fuse element 13 can be reduced at a temperature below the rated current of the fuse element 3.

[0282] exist Fig. 20 In the protection element 1200 shown, Fig.19 Compared with the protection element 1100 shown in the figure, the difference is that the support member 51 indirectly supports the fuse element 3 from below via the heating element 40.

[0283] (11th embodiment)

[0284] Fig.21 is a schematic diagram of the main part of the protection element of the 11th embodiment, (a) is Fig.19 (a) corresponds to the cross-sectional schematic diagram, (b) is Fig.19 (b) The corresponding cross-sectional schematic diagram (enlarged view).

[0285] Components using the same reference numerals as those in the above-described embodiment have the same structure, and description thereof will be omitted.

[0286] Furthermore, even if the reference numerals are different from those in the above-described embodiment, description of components having the same functions may be omitted.

[0287] The protection element of the eleventh embodiment is different from the protection element of the ninth embodiment in that both end surfaces of the fuse element connected to the first electrode and the second electrode are located within the opening of the recess when viewed in plan from the first direction.

[0288] exist Fig.21The protection element 1300 shown in the figure comprises: a first electrode 1 and a second electrode 2; a fuse element 23, whose two end surfaces 23aA and 23bB are connected to the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 respectively by solder; a convex member 11 and a concave member 20, which are arranged opposite to each other in a manner of sandwiching the fuse element 23; and a pressing mechanism 30, which applies an elastic force in a manner of shortening the relative distance between the convex member 11 and the concave member 20 in a direction of sandwiching the fuse element 23, that is, in a first direction (z direction), so that when viewed from above in the first direction (z direction), the convex member 11 and the concave member 20 are electrically connected to the fuse element 23. A pair of opposing surfaces (outer surface 11aBa and inner surface 20aBa) of the convex portion 11a of the convex component 11 and the concave portion 20a of the concave component 20, which are intersecting in direction, are arranged close to each other. When viewed from above from the first direction (z direction), the two end surfaces 23aA and 23bB of the fuse element 23 connected to the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 are located in the opening of the concave portion 20. At a temperature above the softening temperature of the metal material constituting the solder, the connection between the two end surfaces 23aA and 23bB of the fuse element 23 and at least one of the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 is cut off.

[0289] (12th embodiment)

[0290] Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the main part of the protection element of the twelfth embodiment, (a) is Fig.21 (a) corresponds to the cross-sectional schematic diagram, (b) is Fig.21 (b) corresponds to the schematic cross-sectional view (enlarged view).

[0291] Components using the same reference numerals as those in the above-described embodiment have the same structure, and description thereof will be omitted.

[0292] Furthermore, even if the reference numerals are different from those in the above-described embodiment, description of components having the same functions may be omitted.

[0293] The protection element of the twelfth embodiment is different from the protection element of the eleventh embodiment in that a heating element electrically connected to the fuse element is provided to heat and melt the fuse element.

[0294] Fig. 22The protection element 1400 shown in the figure comprises: a first electrode 1 and a second electrode 2; a fuse element 23, the two end surfaces 23aA and 23bB of which are connected to the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 respectively by solder; a convex member 11 and a concave member 20, which are arranged opposite to each other in such a manner as to sandwich the fuse element 23; and a pressing mechanism 30, which applies an elastic force in such a manner that the relative distance between the convex member 11 and the concave member 20 is shortened in a first direction (z direction) that is a direction in which the fuse element 23 is sandwiched, so that, when viewed from above in the first direction (z direction), the convex portion 11 of the convex member 11 intersecting with the conducting direction of the fuse element 23 is 1a and a pair of opposite faces (outer side face 11aBa and inner side face 20aBa) of the concave portion 20 of the concave component 20 are arranged close to each other, when viewed from the first direction (z direction), the two end faces 23aA and 23bB of the fuse element 23 connected to the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 are located in the opening of the concave portion 20, and a heating element 40 is provided at a position close to the convex portion 10 for contacting the fuse element 23 to heat and melt the fuse element 23, and the connection between the two end faces 23aA and 23bB of the fuse element 23 and at least one of the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 is cut off by heating of the heating element 40.

[0295] Fig. 22 The protection element 1400 shown also includes a support member 51, which is arranged in the recessed portion 20a of the recessed member 20 and directly supports the fuse element 23 from below. The support member 51 suppresses deformation of the fuse element 23 at a temperature below the rated current during the conduction of the fuse element 23, and deforms due to the force from the pressing mechanism 30 at a temperature above the solidus temperature of the material constituting the fuse element 23, thereby allowing the fuse element 23 to be cut. By including the support member 51, the shear load of the fuse element 23 can be reduced at a temperature below the rated current during the conduction of the fuse element 23.

[0296] exist Fig. 22 In the protection element 1400 shown, Fig.21 Compared with the protection element 1100 shown in the figure, the difference lies in that the support member 51 indirectly supports the fuse element 23 from below via the heating element 40 .

[0297] Explanation of symbols

[0298] 1—first electrode, 2—second electrode, 3, 13, 23—fuse element, 3a—first end, 3b—second end, 10, 11—convex part, 10a, 11a—convex part, 10aBa, 10aBb—outer side surface, 20—concave part, 20a—concave part, 20aBa, 20aBb—inner side surface, 30—pressing mechanism, 40—heating element, 41—heating body, 42—electrode layer, 50—support part, 60—shell, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300, 1400—protective element.

Claims

1. A protection element, characterized in that: have: a fuse element having a first end and a second end, and wherein electricity is conducted from the first end toward the second end; a convex member and a concave member disposed opposite to each other so as to sandwich a cut portion located between the first end and the second end of the fuse element; and The pressing mechanism applies elastic force in such a manner that the relative distance between the convex member and the concave member is shortened in a first direction, which is a direction in which the cutting portion is sandwiched. In a plan view from the first direction, at least one pair of opposing surfaces of the convex portion of the convex member and the concave portion of the concave member that intersects the current-carrying direction of the fuse element are arranged close to each other, The fuse element is a laminate of multiple layers composed of materials having different softening temperatures. The fuse element is cut at a temperature equal to or higher than the softening temperature of the material having a low softening temperature constituting the fuse element.

2. The protection element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuse element is composed of one or more flat plate-shaped or linear parts.

3. The protection element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first end portion is connected to a first terminal member, and the second end portion is connected to a second terminal member.

4. The protection element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: having a first electrode and a second electrode, The first electrode is connected to the first end of the fuse element, and the second electrode is connected to the second end of the fuse element, respectively.

5. The protection element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pressing mechanism is a spring or rubber.

6. The protection element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The concave member is provided with a guide for guiding the convex portion to the concave portion.

7. The protection element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A heating element is provided at a position close to the protrusion, and the heating element contacts the fuse element to heat the fuse element.

8. The protection element according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heating element includes a heating element, and further includes an electrode layer electrically connected to the heating element on a surface on the fuse element side.

9. The protection element according to claim 8, characterized in that: having a third electrode, One end of the heating element is electrically connected to the electrode layer, and the other end of the heating element is electrically connected to the third electrode.

10. The protection element according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The heating element is disposed on the convex member side of the fuse element.

11. The protection element according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The heating element is disposed on the concave member side of the fuse element.

12. The protection element according to claim 7, characterized in that: The side surface of the heating element, the outer side surface of the protrusion, and the inner side surface of the recess are electrically insulated.

13. The protection element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The fuse element is a laminated body in which an inner layer is made of a low melting point metal and an outer layer is made of a high melting point metal.

14. The protection element according to claim 13, characterized in that: The low melting point metal is composed of Sn or a metal containing Sn as a main component, and the high melting point metal is composed of Ag or Cu or a metal containing Ag or Cu as a main component.

15. The protection element according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: When a current exceeding the rated current flows through the fuse element or when the heating element is energized, the fuse element is heated to a temperature higher than the softening temperature, and the fuse element is cut off to disconnect the energization.

16. The protection element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A supporting component is provided, which is arranged in the above-mentioned recessed portion of the above-mentioned recessed component, and directly or indirectly supports the above-mentioned fuse element from below. The above-mentioned supporting component is composed of the following material: the above-mentioned fuse element is suppressed from deformation at a temperature below the temperature when the rated current of the above-mentioned fuse element is energized, and is deformed by the force from a pressing mechanism at a temperature above the solidus temperature of the material constituting the above-mentioned fuse element, thereby allowing the above-mentioned fuse element to be cut off.

17. A protection element, characterized in that: have: a fuse element having a first end and a second end, and wherein electricity is conducted from the first end toward the second end; a convex member and a concave member disposed opposite to each other so as to sandwich a cut portion located between the first end and the second end of the fuse element; and The pressing mechanism applies elastic force in such a manner that the relative distance between the convex member and the concave member is shortened in a first direction, which is a direction in which the cutting portion is sandwiched. In a plan view from the first direction, at least one pair of opposing surfaces of the convex portion of the convex member and the concave portion of the concave member that intersects the current-carrying direction of the fuse element are arranged close to each other, A heating element is further provided at a position close to the protrusion, the heating element being in contact with the fuse element to heat and melt the fuse element. The fuse element is cut off by heating of the heating element.

18. The protection element according to claim 17, characterized in that: The fuse element is composed of one or more flat plate-shaped or linear parts.

19. The protection element according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that: A first electrode and a second electrode are provided, wherein the first electrode is connected to the first end of the fuse element, and the second electrode is connected to the second end of the fuse element, respectively.

20. The protection element according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that: The pressing mechanism is a spring or rubber.

21. The protection element according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that: The concave member is provided with a guide for guiding the convex portion to the concave portion.

22. The protection element according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that: The heating element includes a heating element, and further includes an electrode layer electrically connected to the heating element on a surface on the fuse element side.

23. The protection element according to claim 22, characterized in that having a third electrode, One end of the heating element is electrically connected to the electrode layer, and the other end of the heating element is electrically connected to the third electrode.

24. The protection element according to claim 22, characterized in that The heating element is disposed on the convex member side of the fuse element.

25. The protection element according to claim 22, characterized in that The heating element is disposed on the concave member side of the fuse element.

26. The protection element according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that: The side surface of the heating element, the outer side surface of the protrusion, and the inner side surface of the recess are electrically insulated.

27. The protection element according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that: The fuse element is a laminated body in which an inner layer is made of a low melting point metal and an outer layer is made of a high melting point metal.

28. The protection element according to claim 27, characterized in that The low melting point metal is composed of Sn or a metal containing Sn as a main component, and the high melting point metal is composed of Ag or Cu or a metal containing Ag or Cu as a main component.

29. The protection element according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that: A supporting component is provided, which is arranged in the above-mentioned recessed portion of the above-mentioned recessed component, and directly or indirectly supports the above-mentioned fuse element from below. The above-mentioned supporting component is composed of the following material: the above-mentioned fuse element is suppressed from deformation at a temperature below the temperature when the rated current of the above-mentioned fuse element is energized, and is deformed by the force from a pressing mechanism at a temperature above the solidus temperature of the metal material constituting the above-mentioned fuse element, thereby allowing the above-mentioned fuse element to be cut off.

30. A protection element, characterized in that: have: A first electrode and a second electrode; A fuse element, both end surfaces of which are connected to the first electrode and the second electrode respectively through soldering; a convex member and a concave member disposed opposite to each other so as to sandwich the fuse element; and The pressing mechanism applies elastic force in such a manner that the relative distance between the convex member and the concave member is shortened in a first direction, which is a direction in which the fuse element is sandwiched. In a plan view from the first direction, at least one pair of opposing surfaces of the convex portion of the convex member and the concave portion of the concave member that intersects the current-carrying direction of the fuse element are arranged close to each other, When viewed from the first direction, an end surface of the fuse element connected to one of the first electrode and the second electrode is located within an opening of the recess. The connection portion between the one end surface and the first electrode or the second electrode is cut off at a temperature equal to or higher than a softening temperature of a metal material constituting the solder.

31. A protection element, characterized in that: have: A first electrode and a second electrode; A fuse element, both end surfaces of which are connected to the first electrode and the second electrode respectively through soldering; a convex member and a concave member disposed opposite to each other so as to sandwich the fuse element; and The pressing mechanism applies elastic force in such a manner that the relative distance between the convex member and the concave member is shortened in a first direction, which is a direction in which the fuse element is sandwiched. In a plan view from the first direction, at least one pair of opposing surfaces of the convex portion of the convex member and the concave portion of the concave member that intersects the current-carrying direction of the fuse element are arranged close to each other, When viewed from the first direction, an end surface of the fuse element connected to one of the first electrode and the second electrode is located within an opening of the recess. A heating element is further provided at a position close to the protrusion, the heating element being in contact with the fuse element to heat and melt the fuse element. The connection portion between the one end surface and the first electrode or the second electrode is cut off by heating of the heating element.

32. A protection element, characterized in that: have: A first electrode and a second electrode; A fuse element, both end surfaces of which are connected to the first electrode and the second electrode respectively through soldering; a convex member and a concave member disposed opposite to each other so as to sandwich the fuse element; and The pressing mechanism applies elastic force in such a manner that the relative distance between the convex member and the concave member is shortened in a first direction, which is a direction in which the fuse element is sandwiched. In a plan view from the first direction, at least one pair of opposing surfaces of the convex portion of the convex member and the concave portion of the concave member that intersects the current-carrying direction of the fuse element are arranged close to each other, When viewed from the first direction, both end surfaces of the fuse element connected to the first electrode and the second electrode are located within the opening of the recess. At a temperature equal to or higher than the softening temperature of the metal material constituting the solder, the connection between the two end surfaces of the fuse element and at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode is cut off.

33. A protection element, characterized in that: have: A first electrode and a second electrode; A fuse element, both end surfaces of which are connected to the first electrode and the second electrode respectively through soldering; a convex member and a concave member disposed opposite to each other so as to sandwich the fuse element; and The pressing mechanism applies elastic force in such a manner that the relative distance between the convex member and the concave member is shortened in a first direction, which is a direction in which the fuse element is sandwiched. In a plan view from the first direction, at least one pair of opposing surfaces of the convex portion of the convex member and the concave portion of the concave member that intersects the current-carrying direction of the fuse element are arranged close to each other, When viewed from the first direction, both end surfaces of the fuse element connected to the first electrode and the second electrode are located within the opening of the recess. A heating element is further provided at a position close to the protrusion, the heating element being in contact with the fuse element to heat and melt the fuse element. The heating of the heating element cuts off the connection between the two end surfaces of the fuse element and at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode.

Images