Germanium-rich coix seed planting method

Abstract

The invention provides a planting method of germanium-rich coix seeds. The planting method comprises the following cultivation steps that healthy and full coix seeds are soaked in a seed soaking agent; after seedlings emerge, soaking the seeds in a germanium-containing composite culture solution, and submerging all seeds of coix lacryma-jobi by the composite culture solution; in the early stage of ear spitting and flowering of the pearl barley, a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution is sprayed to the leaf surfaces of the pearl barley. The seed soaking agent comprises a germanium dioxide aqueous solution, a sesbania gum aqueous solution, bacillus velezensis, vitamins and gentiobiose. The germanium-containing composite culture solution is prepared from germanium dioxide, beta-hydroxyethyl germanium sesquioxide and water. According to the coix seeds planted through the method, the germanium element content and the zinc element content are increased, meanwhile, the content of cadmium, chromium, nickel, arsenic and lead elements in the seeds does not exceed the standard, and the coix seeds are rich in germanium and zinc elements, full in seeds and excellent in quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of planting, and in particular to a planting method of germanium-rich coix seeds. Background Art

[0002] Barley has a long history of cultivation in China and is one of the ancient Chinese grains that is both good for medicine and food. The Compendium of Materia Medica says that it can "strengthen the spleen and stomach, nourish the lungs and clear away heat, remove wind and dampness. Fried rice can cure cold; boiled and drunk, it can help urinate and treat hot stranguria." Barley has high nutritional value and contains protein, fat, multiple vitamins and trace elements. It is known as the "king of the world's grass plants"; in Japan, barley is also listed as an anti-cancer food. Germanium (Ge) was discovered and named by German chemists. It includes inorganic germanium and organic germanium. Inorganic germanium is toxic, while organic germanium is beneficial to human health. Studies have found that various medicinal materials such as ginseng, ganoderma lucidum, and wolfberry that have nourishing, strengthening and anti-cancer effects contain relatively rich germanium. Germanium can stimulate hematopoietic function and enhance reproductive function. Therefore, organic germanium can improve the body's immune function, increase the body's resistance to disease, and have a certain preventive and therapeutic effect on viral and bacterial infections. It also has the effects of lowering blood pressure, delaying body aging, and whitening and beauty. At present, organic foods rich in germanium are very popular among consumers. The commercially available germanium-rich rice is mainly germanium-rich rice, and there are few reports on the planting method of germanium-rich coix seed. Secondly, the cultivation of germanium-rich coix seed is complicated and the price is relatively expensive. Therefore, the planting method of germanium-rich coix seed of the present invention has application prospects. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for planting germanium-rich coix seeds to solve the above problems.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention: A method for planting germanium-rich coix seeds comprises the following cultivation steps: S1. Soak healthy and plump coix seeds in a seed soaking agent; S2, after the coix seeds emerge 1-2 cm, soak the coix seeds in a composite culture solution containing germanium, and the composite culture solution submerges all the coix seeds; S3. In the early stage of Job's tears heading and flowering, spray the leaves with a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer solution.

[0005] Further, in step S1, the seed soaking agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of a 4-6% w / v germanium dioxide aqueous solution, 5-7 parts of a 1.5%-2.0% w / v sesbania gum aqueous solution, and Bacillus Velezii ( Bacillus velezensis ) 5-6 parts, vitamin B2 0.5-1 part, gentiobiose 0.5-1.0 part.

[0006] Furthermore, in step S1, the mass volume ratio of the coix seeds to the seed soaking agent is 1g:4-5mL.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S1, the soaking temperature is 20-25°C, and the seeds are soaked until the coix seeds emerge to 1-2 cm, and the soaking agent is replaced 1-2 times every 24 hours.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S2, the germanium-containing composite culture solution is composed of germanium dioxide, β-hydroxyethylgermanium sesquioxide and water in a mass volume ratio of 3-5 mg:0.6-1.0 mg:80-100 mL.

[0009] Further, in step S3, the components of the germanium-containing foliar fertilizer include germanium, selenium, magnesium, calcium, iron and zinc in a mass ratio of 1-2:0.3-0.5:3-5:2-3:2-4:5-7.

[0010] Furthermore, the germanium element is derived from germanium dioxide, the selenium element is derived from sodium selenite, the magnesium element is derived from magnesium sulfate, the calcium element is derived from calcium ammonium nitrate, the iron element is derived from ferrous sulfate, and the zinc element is derived from zinc sulfate.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The method for planting germanium-rich coix seeds of the present invention comprises the following steps: immersing healthy and plump coix seeds in a seed soaking agent, soaking them in a germanium-containing composite culture solution, and spraying a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution on the leaves at the early stage of coix heading and flowering. The germanium content of coix seeds is increased by adding germanium to the seed soaking agent and the foliar fertilizer. The contents of germanium and zinc in coix seeds planted by the method of the present invention are significantly increased. At the same time, the coix seeds are plump, bright in color and smooth, and the contents of cadmium, chromium, nickel, arsenic and lead in the seeds are not excessive. The coix seeds are of relatively good quality and rich in germanium, and a reference method is provided for the cultivation of germanium-rich coix seeds. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, the technical solution is clearly and completely described, and specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the present invention. The following are only some embodiments of the present invention.

[0013] Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, etc. used in the embodiments of the present invention can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0014] The raw material components used in this embodiment, sesbania gum ( SesbaniaGum ), the product number is Y16092-EMA, the purity is> 98%, the manufacturer is Beijing Biolab Technology Co., Ltd.; Bacillus Velezii ( Bacillus velezensis ), the viable count is greater than 5×10 9cfu / mL, No.: TS377650, manufactured by Ningbo Testo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. ( ningbo testobio Co.,Ltd gentiobiose ( Gentiobiose ), molecular weight is 342.30, molecular formula is C 12 H 22 O 11 , purity>96.0% (LC), the manufacturer is Shandong Xiya Chemical Co., Ltd.; β-hydroxyethyl germanium sesquioxide (Ge-132), purity is 99%, molecular formula is C6H 10 Ge2O7, the manufacturer is Hubei Yunmei Technology Co., Ltd.

[0015] Example 1 A method for planting germanium-rich coix seeds comprises the following cultivation steps: Step (1): soaking the coix seeds, immersing healthy and plump coix seeds in a seed soaking agent; the mass volume ratio of the coix seeds to the seed soaking agent is 1g:4mL, the soaking temperature is 20°C, and the seeds are soaked until the coix seeds emerge at 1.2±0.2cm, and the seed soaking agent is replaced once every 24 hours.

[0016] The seed soaking agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of a 4% w / v germanium dioxide aqueous solution, 5 parts of a 1.5% w / v sesbania gum aqueous solution, Bacillus velezensis ( Bacillus velezensis )5 parts, vitamin B2 0.5 parts, gentiobiose 0.5 parts.

[0017] Step (2): After the coix seeds emerge, the coix seeds are soaked in a germanium-containing composite culture solution, and the composite culture solution submerges all the coix seeds; wherein the germanium-containing composite culture solution is composed of germanium dioxide, β-hydroxyethylgermanium sesquioxide and water in a mass volume mg / mL ratio of 3:1:100.

[0018] Step (3): spraying foliar fertilizer. In the early stage of coix seed tasseling and flowering, spray the coix seed leaves with a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution. The components of the germanium-containing foliar fertilizer include germanium, selenium, magnesium, calcium, iron and zinc in a mass ratio of 1:0.3:3:2:2:5. Among them, the germanium element is derived from germanium dioxide, the selenium element is derived from sodium selenite, the magnesium element is derived from magnesium sulfate, the calcium element is derived from calcium ammonium nitrate, the iron element is derived from ferrous sulfate, and the zinc element is derived from zinc sulfate. Spraying is performed in the early stage of coix seed tasseling and flowering. The germanium-containing foliar fertilizer is diluted 1300 times with water to obtain a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution. The spraying amount is 2kg / mu. After the coix seed is harvested, the average germanium content in every 100g of coix seed is 0.21ug.

[0019] Example 2 A method for planting germanium-rich coix seeds comprises the following cultivation steps: Step (1): soaking the coix seeds, immersing healthy and plump coix seeds in a seed soaking agent; the mass volume ratio of the coix seeds to the seed soaking agent is 1g:5mL, the soaking temperature is 25°C, and the seeds are soaked until the coix seeds emerge at 1.5±0.2cm, and the seed soaking agent is replaced once every 12 hours.

[0020] The seed soaking agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of 6% w / v germanium dioxide aqueous solution, 7 parts of 2.0% w / v sesbania gum aqueous solution, Bacillus velezensis ( Bacillus velezensis ) 6 parts, vitamin B2 1 part, gentiobiose 1 part.

[0021] Step (2): After the coix seeds emerge, the coix seeds are soaked in a germanium-containing composite culture solution, and the composite culture solution submerges all the coix seeds; wherein the germanium-containing composite culture solution is composed of germanium dioxide, β-hydroxyethylgermanium sesquioxide and water in a mass volume mg / mL ratio of 5:1:85.

[0022] Step (3): spraying foliar fertilizer. In the early stage of coix seed tasseling and flowering, spray the coix seed leaves with a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution. The components of the germanium-containing foliar fertilizer include germanium, selenium, magnesium, calcium, iron and zinc in a mass ratio of 2:0.3:5:2:4:7. Among them, the germanium element is derived from germanium dioxide, the selenium element is derived from sodium selenite, the magnesium element is derived from magnesium sulfate, the calcium element is derived from calcium ammonium nitrate, the iron element is derived from ferrous sulfate, and the zinc element is derived from zinc sulfate. Spraying is performed in the early stage of coix seed tasseling and flowering. The germanium-containing foliar fertilizer is diluted 1500 times with water to obtain a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution. The spraying amount is 3kg / mu. After the coix seed is harvested, the average germanium content in every 100g of coix seed is 0.25ug.

[0023] Example 3 A method for planting germanium-rich coix seeds comprises the following cultivation steps: Step (1): soaking the coix seeds, immersing healthy and plump coix seeds in a seed soaking agent; the mass volume ratio of the coix seeds to the seed soaking agent is 1g:4.5mL, the soaking temperature is 24°C, and the seeds are soaked until the coix seeds emerge at 1.6±0.2cm, and the seed soaking agent is replaced once every 24 hours.

[0024] The seed soaking agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of a 5% w / v germanium dioxide aqueous solution, 5 parts of a 1.5% w / v sesbania gum aqueous solution, Bacillus velezensis ( Bacillus velezensis ) 6 parts, vitamin B2 0.6 parts, gentiobiose 0.6 parts.

[0025] Step (2): After the coix seeds emerge, the coix seeds are soaked in a germanium-containing composite culture solution, wherein the composite culture solution submerges all the coix seeds; wherein the germanium-containing composite culture solution is composed of germanium dioxide, β-hydroxyethylgermanium sesquioxide and water in a mass volume mg / mL ratio of 4:0.9:100.

[0026] Step (3): spraying foliar fertilizer. In the early stage of coix seed tasseling and flowering, spray the coix seed leaves with a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution. The components of the germanium-containing foliar fertilizer include germanium, selenium, magnesium, calcium, iron and zinc in a mass ratio of 1.5:0.4:4:3:3:6. Among them, the germanium element is derived from germanium dioxide, the selenium element is derived from sodium selenite, the magnesium element is derived from magnesium sulfate, the calcium element is derived from calcium ammonium nitrate, the iron element is derived from ferrous sulfate, and the zinc element is derived from zinc sulfate. Spraying is performed in the early stage of coix seed tasseling and flowering. The germanium-containing foliar fertilizer is diluted 1300-1500 times with water to obtain a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution, and the spraying amount is 2.6kg / mu. After the coix seed is harvested, the average germanium content in every 100g of coix seed is 0.26ug.

[0027] Comparative Example 1 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 3 is that, in step (1), when soaking the coix seeds, germanium dioxide is removed from the soaking agent, and in step (2), β-hydroxyethylgermanium sesquioxide is removed from the germanium-containing composite culture solution. The other operating steps and methods are the same as those in Example 3.

[0028] Comparative Example 2 The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 3 is that germanium dioxide is removed from the germanium-containing composite culture medium in step (2), and the other operating steps and methods are the same as those in Example 3.

[0029] Comparative Example 3 The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 3 is that germanium dioxide is removed from the germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution in step (3), and the other operating steps and methods are the same as those in Example 3.

[0030] Control group A comparative experiment was conducted in the control group. No germanium-containing substances and fertilizers were applied during the entire planting process of coix seeds, and the cultivation method and steps were the same as those in Example 3.

[0031] test Randomly select coix seeds with large, full and intact embryos and activity, and put them into cultivation pots with labels of embodiments, comparative examples and controls for greenhouse cultivation tests. The embodiments, comparative examples and controls are all subjected to 5 balance tests. According to the cultivation methods of the embodiments, comparative examples and controls, the cultivation is carried out during the whole growth period, and the cultivation soil is uniformly soiled, and the soil nutrients are the same, and no germanium is contained. Among them, the nitrogen (N) content of the cultivation soil is 0.25%, the phosphorus (P) content is 0.3%, the potassium (K) content is 1.4%, the organic matter content is 26%, and the content of heavy metal elements in the soil is not exceeded. Cultivate plastic pots (diameter 21cm), sow 4 seeds per pot, cultivate in a greenhouse at 22~28℃ and relative humidity ≥85%, and remove insects and weeds to ensure the healthy growth of coix seedlings. Because coix is ​​monoecious, with the same ear, divided into female florets and male florets, but unlike the plant, the female florets of coix mature first and the male florets mature later, and unified artificial pollination is adopted to improve the fruiting rate. The coix seed harvest period was measured for the coix seeds of the embodiment, comparative example and control.

[0032] Germination rate (%) = number of germinated seeds / number of seeds tested * 100% The reference standard for the determination of zinc and germanium content in coix seeds is GB 5009.268-2016, and the reference standard for the classification of trace elements is T / STEI0002-2024. Whether the content of cadmium and chromium exceeds the standard is GB / T 41685-2022.

[0033] The germination rates of all coix seeds of Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-3 and Control Examples after 10 days of cultivation were measured, as shown in the table. The results showed that the germination rates of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 and the control group were between 73.9% and 79.8%, and there was no significant difference, that is, the early treatment of coix seeds by Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 did not increase or reduce the germination of coix seeds. The results of the height measurement of the growth 7d showed that there was no significant difference in the height change of coix seeds of Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-3 and Control Examples, but the height measurement results after growth to 14d showed that the height of coix seedlings of Examples 1-3 was significantly higher than that of Comparative Examples 1-3 and the control group, indicating that the addition of germanium in Example 1-3 promoted the staged growth of coix seedlings.

[0034] Table 1 Group 3d height (cm) 7d Height (cm) 14d Height (cm) 14d: Do the seedlings wither and turn yellow? Example 1 3.5a 10.2a 15.9a no Example 2 3.2a 9.8a 16.8a no Example 3 3.4a 10.4a 16.7a no Comparative Example 1 3.2a 9.9a 14.3b no Comparative Example 2 3.0a 10.1a 13.8b no Comparative Example 3 3.1a 9.8a 13.7b no Control group 3.4a 10.2a 14.0b no Note: a and b indicate significant differences between different groups. P <0.05. Table 2 Group Germination rate (%) Zinc content of coix seed (mg / kg) Germanium content in coix seeds (ug / kg) Example 1 76.5a 68.2a 4.1a Example 2 73.9a 69.3a 4.0a Example 3 75.3a 67.5a 4.4a Comparative Example 1 79.8a 28.1b 2.2b Comparative Example 2 77.5a 30.0b 2.0b Comparative Example 3 76.4a 27.7b 2.5b Control group 74.8a 9.6c 0.3c Note: a, b, c represent significant differences between different groups P <0.05. Table 3 Group cadmium chromium nickel lead arsenic Seed appearance Example 1 Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Full, bright, smooth Example 2 Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Full, bright, smooth Example 3 Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Full, bright, smooth Comparative Example 1 Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Full, bright, smooth Comparative Example 2 Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Full, bright, smooth Comparative Example 3 Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Full, bright, smooth Control group Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Not exceeded Fuller, brighter, smoother The test results show that the germination rate of coix seeds planted according to the method of Examples 1-3 is not significantly different from that of Comparative Examples 1-3 and the control, that is, the addition of germanium does not affect the emergence of coix seeds, and does not cause the seedlings to turn yellow. The coix seeds planted by the method of Examples 1-3 significantly increase the germanium content of coix seeds, and the germanium content of coix seeds ranges from 4.0 to 4.4 ug / kg, which is significantly higher than the 2.0 to 2.5 ug / kg of the control group and the comparative example 1-3 test group. While the germanium content in the coix seeds of the embodiment increases, the zinc content also increases significantly. The zinc content of Examples 1-3 ranges from 67.5 to 69.3 mg / kg, which is significantly higher than the 27.7 to 30.0 mg / kg of the comparative example. The coix seeds planted by the method of Examples 1-3 increase the content of germanium and zinc without causing the content of cadmium, chromium, nickel, arsenic and lead in the seeds to exceed the standard. The coix seeds are rich in germanium and zinc, and the seeds are full and of excellent quality.

[0035] In summary, the present invention discloses a method for planting germanium-rich coix seeds, wherein coix seeds are immersed in a seed soaking agent, and then soaked in a germanium-containing composite culture solution, and the composite culture solution submerges all coix seeds; in the early stage of coix seeds tasseling and flowering, a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution is sprayed on the coix leaves. The planting method increases the content of germanium and zinc in coix seeds, does not cause excessive content of heavy metal elements in the seeds, and after harvest, the coix seeds are plump, bright in color, and smooth, thereby improving the quality of coix seeds.

[0036] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting germanium-rich coix seeds, characterized in that: The cultivation steps include: S1. Soak healthy and plump coix seeds in a seed soaking agent; S2, after the coix seeds emerge 1-2 cm, soak the coix seeds in a composite culture solution containing germanium, and the composite culture solution submerges all the coix seeds; S3. In the early stage of coix seeds heading and flowering, spray the leaves with a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer solution.

2. The method for planting germanium-rich coix seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1, the seed soaking agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of a 4%-6% w / v germanium dioxide aqueous solution, 5-7 parts of a 1.5%-2.0% w / v sesbania gum aqueous solution, and Bacillus Velezii ( Bacillus velezensis ) 5-6 parts, vitamin B2 0.5-1 part, gentiobiose 0.5-1.0 part.

3. The method for planting germanium-rich coix seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1, the mass volume ratio of the coix seeds to the seed soaking agent is 1g:4-5mL.

4. The method for planting germanium-rich coix seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1, the seed soaking temperature is 20-25°C, the seeds are soaked until the coix seeds emerge to 1-2 cm, and the seed soaking agent is replaced 1-2 times every 24 hours.

5. The method for planting germanium-rich coix seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2, the germanium-containing composite culture solution is composed of germanium dioxide, β-hydroxyethyl germanium sesquioxide and water in a mass volume ratio of 3-5 mg:0.6-1.0 mg:80-100 mL.

6. The method for planting germanium-rich coix seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S3, the components of the germanium-containing foliar fertilizer include germanium, selenium, magnesium, calcium, iron and zinc in a mass ratio of 1-2:0.3-0.5:3-5:2-3:2-4:5-7.

7. The method for planting germanium-rich coix seeds according to claim 6, characterized in that: The germanium element is derived from germanium dioxide, the selenium element is derived from sodium selenite, the magnesium element is derived from magnesium sulfate, the calcium element is derived from calcium ammonium nitrate, the iron element is derived from ferrous sulfate, and the zinc element is derived from zinc sulfate.

8. The method for planting germanium-rich coix seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S3, the germanium-containing foliar fertilizer is diluted 1300-1500 times with water to obtain a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution, and the spraying amount is 2-3 kg / mu.