A building roof leakage prevention structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of building roof anti-seepage structures, including the waterproof layer being arranged on surface layer, the heat preservation and exchange structure being arranged on waterproof layer and the anti-seepage structure being arranged on the heat preservation and exchange structure;The heat preservation and exchange structure includes the foamed cement layer being arranged on surface layer, the capillary network being embedded in the bottom of foamed cement layer and being arranged on surface layer, the phase change layer being embedded in foamed cement layer;The anti-seepage structure includes the anti-cracking mortar layer being sequentially arranged from bottom to top, cement mortar screed, waterproof roll material and waterproof protective surface layer, and the cement mortar screed is arranged on foamed cement layer.The utility model is simple in structure, absorbs or emits heat through heat preservation and exchange structure, reduces heat accumulation or promotes heat emission, to reduce the cracking caused by thermal stress;Through anti-seepage structure to roof top carries out waterproofing and anti-cracking, adapt to external harsh environment, to realize building roof anti-seepage, improve service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of building roofing technology, and in particular relates to a building roof waterproofing structure. Background Technology

[0002] The roof is the outermost covering surface of a building. Its main function is to protect the building from natural environmental erosion (such as rain, snow, wind, and sunlight), while also providing waterproofing, insulation, and heat insulation. As part of the building structure, the roof typically consists of multiple layers of materials, including a waterproofing layer, an insulation layer, and a leveling layer, and is directly exposed to the external environment. Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation and rainwater will gradually degrade the performance of waterproofing materials, reduce their flexibility, and eventually cause cracking. Furthermore, the roof is the part most directly exposed to sunlight; large temperature differences between day and night and throughout the seasons cause the roofing materials to expand and contract, generating significant thermal stress. Over time, this stress leads to fatigue cracking, which in turn causes leaks.

[0003] Therefore, there is currently a lack of a simple and reasonably designed building roof waterproofing structure that can absorb or dissipate heat through thermal insulation and heat exchange structures, reducing heat accumulation or promoting heat dissipation, thereby reducing cracking caused by thermal stress; and that waterproofs and prevents cracking of the roof through a waterproofing structure, adapting to harsh external environments, thus achieving waterproofing of the building roof and improving its service life. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a building roof waterproofing structure that addresses the shortcomings of the prior art. The structure is simple and reasonably designed. It absorbs or dissipates heat through the heat exchange structure, reducing heat accumulation or promoting heat dissipation, thereby reducing cracking caused by thermal stress. The waterproofing structure prevents cracking of the roof and adapts to harsh external environments, thus achieving waterproofing of the building roof and improving its service life.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a building roof waterproofing structure, characterized in that: it includes a waterproof layer disposed on the surface layer, a heat insulation and heat exchange structure disposed on the waterproof layer, and a waterproofing structure disposed on the heat insulation and heat exchange structure; The thermal insulation and heat exchange structure includes a foamed cement layer disposed on the waterproof layer, a capillary network embedded at the bottom of the foamed cement layer and located on the waterproof layer, and a phase change layer embedded in the upper part of the foamed cement layer. The anti-seepage structure includes, from bottom to top, a crack-resistant mortar layer, a cement mortar leveling layer, a waterproof membrane, and a waterproof protective surface layer, with the crack-resistant mortar layer laid on top of the foamed cement layer.

[0006] The above-mentioned building roof waterproofing structure is characterized in that: the waterproof layer is a polyurethane waterproof coating, the capillary network is laid on the waterproof layer by an adhesive, the adhesive is a cement-based polymer adhesive mortar layer, and the foamed cement layer is injected into the waterproof layer and the capillary network.

[0007] The above-mentioned building roof waterproofing structure is characterized in that: the phase change layer includes multiple rows of phase change tubes arranged in foamed cement layers, each row of phase change tubes includes multiple phase change tube segments connected in sequence and stainless steel corrugated expansion joints connecting two adjacent phase change tube segments; each phase change tube segment includes multiple phase change tube sections inserted in sequence, one end of each phase change tube section is provided with a circular connecting part, the other end of each phase change tube section is provided with a column head connecting part, the interior of the circular connecting part is provided with a cylindrical groove that mates with the insertion of the column head connecting part, and two adjacent phase change tube sections are connected by inserting the column head connecting part and the circular connecting part.

[0008] The above-mentioned building roof waterproofing structure is characterized in that: the phase change pipe section includes an aluminum pipe and a microcapsule phase change material disposed inside the aluminum pipe; a groove is excavated on the foamed cement layer; the phase change pipe section is embedded in the groove; silicone sealant is disposed around the phase change pipe section; and the excavated foamed cement is covering the top of the phase change pipe section.

[0009] The above-mentioned building roof waterproofing structure is characterized in that: an exhaust pipe is embedded in the foamed cement layer, the exhaust pipe and the phase change pipe section are staggered, a connector is provided at one end of each of the two exhaust pipes, a connecting air pipe is provided at each of the two connectors, a tee joint is provided at the connection of the two connecting air pipes, a vertical exhaust pipe is provided on the tee joint, and the vertical exhaust pipe extends out of the waterproofing structure.

[0010] The above-mentioned building roof waterproofing structure is characterized in that: the main pipe of the capillary network extends from the waterproofing structure through a foamed cement layer, and a T-junction is provided at the extended end of the main pipe. One end of the T-junction is connected to a first inlet pipe, and the other end of the T-junction is connected to a second inlet pipe.

[0011] This utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. The foamed cement layer in this utility model serves two purposes: firstly, to create a slope to meet drainage requirements; and secondly, to embed the phase change layer and capillary network, thereby improving the thermal insulation and heat exchange effect.

[0012] 2. The phase change layer in this utility model is designed to absorb or release heat according to the ambient temperature. At the same time, it can also supply heated or cooled air through a capillary network to further assist in heat release or absorption, reduce heat accumulation or promote heat dissipation, avoid large temperature changes on the roof, reduce the temperature fluctuation range of the roof layer, thereby reducing cracking caused by thermal stress and achieving leak prevention.

[0013] 3. This utility model incorporates a crack-resistant mortar layer and a waterproof membrane. The combination of these two elements effectively waterproofs the roof, thus improving the leak-proof effect. The waterproof membrane is an SBS modified bitumen waterproof membrane, possessing excellent weather resistance, impermeability, and aging resistance. Furthermore, a waterproof protective layer protects the waterproof membrane, reducing direct exposure and erosion from ultraviolet rays and rainwater, thereby extending its service life.

[0014] In summary, this utility model has a simple structure and reasonable design. It absorbs or dissipates heat through the heat insulation and heat exchange structure, reducing heat accumulation or promoting heat dissipation, thereby reducing cracking caused by thermal stress. The anti-leakage structure waterproofs and prevents cracking of the roof, adapting to harsh external environments, thus achieving waterproofing of the building roof and improving its service life.

[0015] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0017] Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of the phase change tube of this utility model.

[0018] Fig. 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange structure of this utility model.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1—Waterproof layer; 2—Capillary network; 21—Main pipe; 22—T-connector; 23—First inlet pipe; 24—Second inlet pipe; 3—Stainless steel corrugated expansion joint; 4—Phase change tube section; 41—Phase change tube section; 42—Circular connecting part; 43—Cylindrical groove; 44—Column head connecting part; 5—Foamed cement layer; 6—Exhaust pipe; 61—Connector; 62—Connecting air pipe; 63—T-connector; 64—Vertical exhaust pipe; 65—Elbow; 7—Crack-resistant mortar layer; 8—Cement mortar leveling layer; 9—Waterproof membrane; 10—Waterproof protective layer; 11—Surface layer. Detailed Implementation

[0020] like Figs. 1 to 3 As shown, this utility model includes a waterproof layer 1 disposed on the surface layer 11, a heat insulation and heat exchange structure disposed on the waterproof layer 1, and a leak-proof structure disposed on the heat insulation and heat exchange structure. The heat insulation and heat exchange structure includes a foamed cement layer 5 disposed on the waterproof layer 1, a capillary network 2 embedded at the bottom of the foamed cement layer 5 and located on the waterproof layer 1, and a phase change layer embedded in the upper part of the foamed cement layer 5. The anti-seepage structure includes, from bottom to top, a crack-resistant mortar layer 7, a cement mortar leveling layer 8, a waterproof membrane 9, and a waterproof protective surface layer 10, with the crack-resistant mortar layer 7 laid on the foamed cement layer 5.

[0021] In this embodiment, the waterproof layer 1 is a polyurethane waterproof coating, the capillary network 2 is laid on the waterproof layer 1 with an adhesive, the adhesive is a cement-based polymer adhesive mortar layer, and the foamed cement layer 5 is poured on the waterproof layer 1 and the capillary network 2.

[0022] like Fig. 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the phase change layer includes multiple rows of phase change tubes arranged in the foamed cement layer 5. Each row of phase change tubes includes multiple phase change tube segments 4 connected in sequence and stainless steel corrugated expansion joints 3 connected between two adjacent phase change tube segments 4. Each phase change tube segment 4 includes multiple phase change tube sections 41 that are inserted in sequence. One end of each phase change tube section 41 is provided with a circular connecting part 42, and the other end of each phase change tube section 41 is provided with a column head connecting part 44. The interior of the circular connecting part 42 is provided with a cylindrical groove 43 that is inserted into the column head connecting part 44. Two adjacent phase change tube sections 41 are connected by inserting the column head connecting part 44 and the circular connecting part 42.

[0023] In this embodiment, the phase change tube section 41 includes an aluminum tube and a microcapsule phase change material disposed inside the aluminum tube. A groove is excavated on the foamed cement layer 5, and the phase change tube section 41 is embedded in the groove. Silicone sealant is disposed around the phase change tube section 41, and the excavated foamed cement covers the top of the phase change tube section 41.

[0024] like Fig. 3 As shown, in this embodiment, an exhaust pipe 6 is also embedded in the foamed cement layer 5. The exhaust pipe 6 and the phase change pipe section 41 are staggered. One end of each of the two exhaust pipes 6 is provided with a connector 61. A connecting air pipe 62 is provided on the two connectors 61. A tee joint 63 is provided at the connection of the two connecting air pipes 62. A vertical exhaust pipe 64 is provided on the tee joint 63. The vertical exhaust pipe 64 extends out of the anti-leakage structure.

[0025] In this embodiment, the main pipe 21 of the capillary network 2 extends from the anti-leakage structure through the foamed cement layer 5. A three-way adapter 22 is provided at the extended end of the main pipe 21. One end of the three-way adapter 22 is connected to the first inlet pipe 23, and the other end of the three-way adapter 22 is connected to the second inlet pipe 24.

[0026] In this embodiment, the thickness of the polyurethane waterproof coating 1 is 2mm to 3mm. The polyurethane waterproof coating 1 is set as the first layer of waterproofing. It can bond with the surface layer 11 to form a seamless overall waterproof membrane to ensure the reliability of waterproofing. It also has excellent weather resistance, does not flow at high temperatures, does not crack at low temperatures, and is resistant to ultraviolet aging. In addition, it has high elasticity after formation, which can effectively buffer the deformation of the base layer caused by temperature changes or structural stress, and can effectively reduce the risk of leakage caused by base layer deformation.

[0027] In this embodiment, a stainless steel corrugated expansion joint 3 is connected between two adjacent phase change tube sections 4 because the building roof is directly exposed to sunlight, and the large temperature difference easily causes the phase change tube section 4 to expand and contract with temperature. The stainless steel corrugated expansion joint 3 absorbs the deformation of the aluminum tube in the phase change tube section 4. In addition, silicone sealant is used to fill the gaps around the aluminum tube to prevent gas, liquid or corrosive substances from seeping in, forming an elastic sealing layer that can adapt to and buffer the deformation of the aluminum tube.

[0028] In this embodiment, during specific implementation, two adjacent phase change pipe sections 41 are connected by splicing a column head connector 44 and a circular connector 42. The cylindrical groove 43 of the circular connector 42 allows the column head connector 44 to be tightly inserted, thereby ensuring that the connection does not slip. The splicing improves the laying efficiency.

[0029] In this embodiment, the circular connecting part 42 and the column connecting part 44 can be made of aluminum to facilitate heat conduction.

[0030] In this embodiment, the phase change temperature of the microencapsulated phase change material is selected to be between 18°C ​​and 25°C. When the temperature is above the phase change temperature, the phase change layer absorbs heat; when the temperature is below the phase change temperature, the phase change layer releases heat, thus playing a certain role in temperature regulation and preventing large temperature fluctuations on the roof. By absorbing or dissipating heat through the phase change tube, heat accumulation is reduced or heat dissipation is promoted, thereby reducing the temperature fluctuation range of the roof layer and reducing cracking caused by thermal stress, ultimately achieving leak prevention. It should be noted that heat absorption and release can also be achieved during indoor heating in winter.

[0031] It should be noted that the phase change temperature of microcapsule phase change materials can be adaptively adjusted according to the actual use environment to meet the requirements of heat absorption or heat release.

[0032] In this embodiment, when a stainless steel corrugated expansion joint 3 is connected between two adjacent phase change tube sections 4, the end column connection part 44 is not required.

[0033] In this embodiment, the aluminum tube is sealed to contain the microcapsule phase change material and prevent leakage. Furthermore, even after the microcapsule phase change material is contained inside the aluminum tube, there are still gaps to accommodate changes in state.

[0034] In this embodiment, the bonding is achieved through cement-based polymer adhesive mortar, which does not affect the waterproof layer 1.

[0035] In this embodiment, a foamed cement layer 5 is set up for two purposes: firstly, to create a slope to meet drainage requirements; and secondly, to embed the phase change layer and capillary network, thereby improving the thermal insulation and heat exchange effect and thus improving the surface layer performance.

[0036] In this embodiment, valves are respectively installed on the first inlet pipe 23 and the second inlet pipe 24 to facilitate the supply of hot air or cold air.

[0037] In this embodiment, an air heater is installed on the completed roof. The air heater is connected to the first inlet pipe 23. Hot air is input into the capillary network 2 through the air heater, and heat is dissipated through the capillary network 2. An air conditioner is installed on the completed roof. The cold air output from the air conditioner is connected to the second inlet pipe 24, and the cold air is then fed into the capillary network 2 through the second inlet pipe 24, where it absorbs heat. This further assists in heat release or absorption, reducing heat accumulation or promoting heat dissipation.

[0038] In this embodiment, the number of phase change tubes and exhaust pipes 6 is adjusted according to actual requirements and is not specifically limited.

[0039] In this embodiment, the exhaust pipe 6, the connecting air pipe 62, and the vertical exhaust pipe 64 are all PVC pipes, and each of them is provided with multiple ventilation holes arranged along the length direction. The lower part of the exhaust pipe 6, the connecting air pipe 62, and the vertical exhaust pipe 64 is wrapped with geotextile to prevent impurities from blocking the ventilation holes.

[0040] In this embodiment, during specific implementation, one end of each of the two exhaust pipes 6 is connected to the vertical exhaust pipe 64 via the connecting air pipe 62. In this way, the vertical exhaust pipe 64 passes through the anti-leakage structure to achieve exhaust. The purpose of setting the exhaust is to remove the air between the waterproof membrane 9 and the base layer, so as to avoid the phenomenon of hollowing of the waterproof membrane 9, and thus avoid water accumulation and leakage at the hollowed-out areas.

[0041] In this embodiment, a crack-resistant mortar layer 7 and a waterproof membrane 9 are installed to prevent cracking and effectively block water penetration. The combination of these two materials waterproofs the roof, thereby improving the leak-proof effect. The crack-resistant mortar layer 7 uses polymer crack-resistant mortar, which can be referenced from conventional materials in the art.

[0042] In this embodiment, the waterproof membrane 9 is an SBS modified bitumen waterproof membrane, which has excellent flexibility, weather resistance, impermeability, and aging resistance. It can be laid using conventional methods as described in this field. A cement mortar leveling layer 7 is used to level the membrane to meet the construction requirements of the waterproof membrane 9. A waterproof protective layer 9 is then installed to protect the waterproof membrane 9, reducing direct exposure and erosion from ultraviolet rays and rainwater, thereby improving its service life. The waterproof protective layer 9 is made of fine aggregate concrete.

[0043] In this embodiment, when implemented, a glass fiber mesh is added to the waterproof protective layer 9, which can effectively enhance the tensile strength of the layer, reduce the risk of cracking, and improve the waterproof effect.

[0044] In this embodiment, the thickness of the foamed cement layer 5, the crack-resistant mortar layer 7, the cement mortar leveling layer 7, the waterproof membrane 9, and the waterproof protective surface layer 9 is not specifically limited, as long as it meets the actual construction requirements.

[0045] In this embodiment, the top of the vertical exhaust pipe 64 is provided with an elbow 65 to prevent rainwater or debris from falling in.

[0046] In summary, this utility model has a simple structure and reasonable design. It absorbs or dissipates heat through the heat insulation and heat exchange structure, reducing heat accumulation or promoting heat dissipation, thereby reducing cracking caused by thermal stress. The anti-leakage structure waterproofs and prevents cracking of the roof, adapting to harsh external environments, thus achieving waterproofing of the building roof and improving its service life.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not constitute any limitation on the present utility model. Any simple modifications, alterations, or equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model shall still fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A building roof leak barrier structure, characterized by: It includes a waterproof layer (1) disposed on the surface layer (11), a heat insulation and heat exchange structure disposed on the waterproof layer (1), and a leak-proof structure disposed on the heat insulation and heat exchange structure; The heat exchange structure includes a foamed cement layer (5) disposed on the waterproof layer (1), a capillary network (2) embedded at the bottom of the foamed cement layer (5) and located on the waterproof layer (1), and a phase change layer embedded in the upper part of the foamed cement layer (5). The anti-seepage structure includes, from bottom to top, a crack-resistant mortar layer (7), a cement mortar leveling layer (8), a waterproof membrane (9), and a waterproof protective surface layer (10), wherein the crack-resistant mortar layer (7) is laid on the foamed cement layer (5).

2. A building roof leak barrier structure according to claim 1, wherein: The waterproof layer (1) is a polyurethane waterproof coating. The capillary network (2) is laid on the waterproof layer (1) with an adhesive. The adhesive is a cement-based polymer bonding mortar. The foamed cement layer (5) is poured on the waterproof layer (1) and the capillary network (2).

3. A building roof leak barrier structure according to claim 1, wherein: The phase change layer includes multiple rows of phase change tubes arranged in foamed cement layers (5). Each row of phase change tubes includes multiple phase change tube segments (4) connected in sequence and stainless steel corrugated expansion joints (3) connected between two adjacent phase change tube segments (4). Each phase change tube segment (4) includes multiple phase change tube sections (41) that are inserted in sequence. One end of the phase change tube section (41) is provided with a circular connecting part (42), and the other end of the phase change tube section (41) is provided with a column head connecting part (44). The inside of the circular connecting part (42) is provided with a cylindrical groove (43) that is inserted into the column head connecting part (44). Two adjacent phase change tube sections (41) are connected by inserting the column head connecting part (44) and the circular connecting part (42).

4. A building roof leak barrier structure according to claim 3, wherein: The phase change tube section (41) includes an aluminum tube and a microcapsule phase change material disposed inside the aluminum tube. A groove is excavated on the foamed cement layer (5), and the phase change tube section (41) is embedded in the groove. Silicone sealant is disposed around the phase change tube section (41), and the excavated foamed cement is covered on the top of the phase change tube section (41).

5. A building roof leak barrier structure according to claim 4, wherein: The foamed cement layer (5) is also embedded with an exhaust pipe (6). The exhaust pipe (6) and the phase change pipe section (41) are staggered. One end of each of the two exhaust pipes (6) is provided with a connector (61). The two connectors (61) are provided with connecting air pipes (62). The connection of the two connecting air pipes (62) is provided with a three-way connector (63). The three-way connector (63) is provided with a vertical exhaust pipe (64). The vertical exhaust pipe (64) passes through the anti-leakage structure.

6. A building roof leak barrier structure according to claim 1, wherein: The main pipe (21) of the capillary network (2) extends from the anti-leakage structure through the foamed cement layer (5). A three-way adapter (22) is provided at the extended end of the main pipe (21). One end of the three-way adapter (22) is connected to the first inlet pipe (23), and the other end of the three-way adapter (22) is connected to the second inlet pipe (24).

Images