A vacuum transmitter monitoring and management method

Abstract

The present invention provides a vacuum transmitter monitoring and management method, constructs a data model of the normal working state of a vacuum tube transmitter, collects the titanium pump power supply voltage and current and the filament current in the preheating state, compares the sampled data with the data in the data model, and determines whether the vacuum tube can be powered on; collects the working parameters of the transmitter when the vacuum tube is in working state; determines the current working mode of the transmitter according to the collected cycle and pulse width parameters; converts the collector current and the high-voltage power supply current into the vacuum tube emission pass rate, and calculates the vacuum tube emission pass rate; compares the sampled data with the data in the data model, and sends an alarm signal when the sampled data exceeds the range of normal data; and predicts the reliability of the vacuum tube. The present invention utilizes the remote monitoring of the working state of the vacuum transmitter and the reliability prediction of the vacuum tube to realize the remote real-time monitoring and management of the vacuum transmitter and the reliability prediction of the vacuum tube.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of transmitter technology. Background Art

[0002] In a radar system, the transmitter is responsible for amplifying the low-power radio frequency signal generated by the frequency source or directly self-oscillating to generate a high-power transmission signal. The basic principle of the transmitter is to convert electrical energy into electromagnetic energy.

[0003] In order for the vacuum transmitter to start up normally, first of all, it is necessary to confirm the vacuum degree of the vacuum tube, and secondly, it is necessary to preheat the filament of the vacuum tube. After the preheating is completed, the vacuum tube can be powered on. Most of the transmitters that generate high-power transmission signals use high-voltage power supplies as power sources. When the transmitter is working with high voltage, the vacuum tube is controlled by the modulator to achieve alternating on and off operation. When the high-voltage power supply and modulator are working, the transmitter will generate serious electromagnetic radiation. At the same time, when the transmitter is working, there are hidden dangers of high-voltage safety. In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the transmitter and to minimize the interference of electromagnetic radiation to other equipment, the transmitter generally uses a closed cabinet, and the working position will be far away from the radar operating table.

[0004] Traditional vacuum transmitter designs all use analog circuits with strong anti-interference capabilities. The various parameters generated when the transmitter is working are indicated by mechanical meters, and remote monitoring is not possible during operation. When troubleshooting, it is necessary to open the cabinet door and read the parameters through the meter. This transmitter management method cannot achieve real-time monitoring and management. When individual parameters of the transmitter are abnormal, it cannot be discovered in time. Only after certain consequences are caused can the transmitter fault be displayed, which may cause serious damage to the equipment. Using remote monitoring methods to achieve real-time monitoring and management of various transmitter parameters can effectively ensure the stable operation of the transmitter.

[0005] In modern radar systems, transmitters have a variety of different working modes, with a variety of working pulse widths and working cycles. Different working modes will correspond to different working currents, output power and other parameters. It is meaningless to monitor transmitter parameters alone. The parameters need to correspond to the current working mode of the transmitter.

[0006] In a vacuum transmitter, the vacuum tube is the core equipment of the transmitter. At the same time, the vacuum tube is also a life device. The guaranteed service life of the vacuum tube is stipulated in the vacuum tube technical agreement. According to the experience of using vacuum tubes, the actual service life of vacuum tubes is often much longer than the guaranteed service life of vacuum tubes. In the past use process, the vacuum tube can only be judged to have reached the end of its service life when the output power of the vacuum tube drops significantly. When the transmitter needs to work for a long time to perform tasks, in order to improve the certainty of stable operation of the radar system and ensure the completion of the task, the user often replaces the vacuum tube with normal indicators only because the cumulative working time is close to the guaranteed service life, which causes serious waste of resources. The failure process of the vacuum tube is a slow and gradual process, and there will be no sudden and drastic changes. Therefore, this feature can be used to monitor the emission current and output power of the vacuum tube under the same working mode for a long time, collect monitoring data, and make predictions on the reliability of the vacuum tube to ensure that the transmitter can operate stably and reliably within a certain period of time in the future. Summary of the invention

[0007] The various parameters generated by the traditional vacuum transmitter when working are indicated by mechanical meters, and cannot be remotely monitored in the working state. When the transmitter needs to work for a long time to perform a task, in order to improve the certainty of the stable operation of the radar system and ensure the completion of the task, the user often replaces the vacuum tube in advance, which results in serious waste. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a vacuum transmitter monitoring and management method.

[0008] The present invention comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step 1, construct a data model of the normal working state of the vacuum tube transmitter: first determine the titanium pump power supply current and voltage and the filament power supply current, and then divide the different working modes according to the working cycle and working pulse width of the transmitter. According to the duty cycle of different working modes, determine the reasonable range of the transmitter working cycle, pulse width, high-voltage power supply current and voltage, collector current, tube body current, and average output power working parameters.

[0010] Step 2, collect the titanium pump power supply voltage and current and the filament current in the preheating state, compare the sampled data with the data in the data model, and determine whether the vacuum tube can be powered on.

[0011] Step 3, when the vacuum tube is in working state, collect the transmitter working parameters of cycle, pulse width, high voltage power supply current and voltage, collector current, tube body current, and average output power.

[0012] Step 4: Determine the current transmitter operation mode based on the collected period and pulse width parameters.

[0013] Step 5: Convert the collector current and the high voltage power supply current into the vacuum tube emission pass rate, and calculate the vacuum tube emission pass rate. Compare the sampled data with the data in the data model, and send an alarm signal when the sampled data exceeds the range of normal data.

[0014] Step 6, vacuum tube reliability prediction: convert the vacuum tube emission pass rate, tube current and average output power under the same working mode into the vacuum tube life coefficient. When the vacuum tube life coefficient decreases, it can be predicted that the transmitting tube is about to reach the end of its life.

[0015] Further, the step 6 includes: using the vacuum tube life coefficient ε t And set a threshold to evaluate the life of the vacuum tube, the vacuum tube life coefficient ε t Based on the high voltage power supply current I 总 , collector current I 收 , the vacuum tube pass rate θ, the average output power of the transmitter at that time P t , the original average output power of the transmitter P0, the life coefficient of the vacuum tube ε t It decreases with the decrease of the pass rate and the decrease of the transmission power. When ε t When the value is less than the set threshold, it is judged that the vacuum transmitting tube has a risk of expiration of life:

[0016] Where: vacuum tube pass rate θ = I 收 / I 总 ; Vacuum tube life coefficient ε t =θ×P t / P0.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are that remote real-time monitoring of the transmitter can be realized, reliability prediction of the vacuum tube can be realized, and the utilization efficiency of the vacuum tube can be improved under the premise of ensuring the completion of the task.

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of vacuum transmitter monitoring and management method.

[0020] Figure 2 It is the logic diagram for monitoring and managing the vacuum degree and pass rate of vacuum tubes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to verify the feasibility of the monitoring and management method of vacuum tube transmitters, the vacuum tube transmitter of a radar is taken as an example to build a transmitter working data model.

[0022] Step 1, construct a data model of the normal working state of the vacuum tube transmitter. The vacuum tube of this transmitter requires a titanium pump voltage of 3kV, a titanium pump current of 0, and a filament current of 2.80A (determined by the vacuum tube itself). The typical working mode of the transmitter: period is XμS, pulse width is YμS, and duty cycle is Y / X=δ. The voltage and current parameters of the transmitter corresponding to this working mode are as follows: high-voltage power supply voltage 27.5kV, high-voltage power supply current (I 总 )200mA, collector current (I 收 )180mA, tube current (I 管 )20mA, average output power 900W.

[0023] Therefore, the transmitter working data model is:

[0024] Vacuum degree of vacuum tube: titanium pump voltage 3±0.3kV, titanium pump current 0~10μA

[0025] Filament current: 2.80±0.05A

[0026] Working mode: period is XμS, pulse width is YμS, duty cycle is δ

[0027] Transmitter current and voltage: high voltage power supply 27.5±0.3kV, high voltage power supply current (I 总 )200±10mA

[0028] Vacuum tube pass rate: I 总 =I 收 +I 管 , I 收 / I 总 =θ≧90%

[0029] Average output power: ≧900W

[0030] Step 2: After the transmitter is powered on and preheated, the voltage and current of the titanium pump power supply and the filament current parameters of the transmitter are sampled, and the sampled data are compared with the corresponding parameters in the data model. The transmitter can only power on the vacuum tube when the vacuum degree meets the requirements of the vacuum tube and the filament current is stable. After the vacuum tube is powered on, the vacuum degree and filament current will continue to be monitored.

[0031] Taking vacuum degree judgment as an example, the logic diagram of vacuum degree judgment of vacuum tube is shown in Figure 2. First, determine whether the titanium pump voltage is within the working range. When the titanium pump voltage is not within the working range, an alarm signal is issued and the transmitter is terminated. When the titanium pump voltage is within the normal range, the vacuum degree is determined based on the real-time data of the titanium pump current. When the titanium pump current is less than 10μA, the vacuum degree is normal and a normal signal is issued. When the titanium pump current is greater than 10μA and less than 20μA, the vacuum degree is slightly poor, a warning signal is issued, and the transmitter can continue to work. When the titanium pump current is greater than 20μA, the vacuum degree is poor, an alarm signal is issued, and the transmitter is terminated.

[0032] Step 3: After the vacuum tube is powered on, the transmitter timing signal is sampled to obtain the transmitter duty cycle and pulse width. The voltage divider circuit, optocoupler, mutual inductor, Hall device and other isolation sampling circuits are used, and the AD conversion circuit is added to collect the transmitter voltage and current data, and the vacuum tube pass rate is calculated. The average output power is collected using a coupler, power detector and AD conversion circuit.

[0033] Step 4: Determine the transmitter's operating mode and the corresponding transmitter operating data model through the transmitter's operating cycle and pulse width.

[0034] Step 5, compare the sampled data with the data model under the corresponding working mode to monitor the working status of the transmitter.

[0035] Taking the judgment of the pass rate of vacuum tubes as an example, the logic diagram of the judgment of the pass rate of vacuum tubes is shown in Figure 2 . First, determine whether the high-voltage power supply voltage is within the working range. When the high-voltage power supply voltage is lower than the working range, a warning signal is issued, and the transmitter can continue to work, but human intervention is required. When the high-voltage power supply voltage is higher than the working range, an alarm signal is issued to terminate the transmitter. When the high-voltage power supply voltage is within the normal range, the vacuum tube pass rate θ is determined based on the ratio of the collector current to the high-voltage power supply current. When the vacuum tube pass rate θ is greater than 90%, the transmitter is normal and a normal signal is issued. When the vacuum tube pass rate θ is less than 90% and greater than 80%, the transmitter state is slightly worse, a warning signal is issued, and the transmitter can continue to work. When the vacuum tube pass rate θ is less than 80%, the transmitter state is poor, the monitoring and management module sends an alarm signal, and the transmitter is terminated.

[0036] Step 6, when the vacuum tube pass rate θ, the average output power of the transmitter Pt and the original average output power P0 data collected in the same working mode are used to calculate the vacuum tube life coefficient εt

[0037] ε t =θ×P t / P0

[0038] When the vacuum tube is in normal condition, the life coefficient of the vacuum tube will fluctuate within a small range, but as the accumulated use time increases, the life coefficient of the vacuum tube will decrease. When the life coefficient εt of the vacuum tube is less than the specified threshold (for example, 75%), a warning signal is sent, indicating that the performance of the vacuum tube has been significantly reduced. If a long-term continuous working task needs to be performed at this time, you can consider replacing the vacuum tube.

Claims

1. A vacuum transmitter monitoring and management method, characterized in that: Step 1, construct a data model of the normal working state of the vacuum tube transmitter: first determine the titanium pump power supply current and voltage and the filament power supply current, and then divide different working modes according to the working cycle and working pulse width of the transmitter, and determine the reasonable range of the high-voltage power supply current and voltage, collector current, tube current, and average output power working parameters when the transmitter is working under different working modes; Step 2, collecting the titanium pump power supply voltage and current and the filament current in the preheating state, comparing the collected data with the data in the data model, and determining that the vacuum tube can be powered on; Step 3, under the working state of the vacuum tube, collect the working parameters of the transmitter, such as the period, pulse width, high voltage power supply current and voltage, collector current, tube body current, and average output power; Step 4, determining the working mode of the current transmitter and the transmitter data model under the working mode according to the collected working cycle and pulse width parameters; Step 5, compare the data collected in step 4 with the data model under the corresponding working mode to monitor the working state of the transmitter; first determine whether the high-voltage power supply voltage is within the working range, and when the high-voltage power supply voltage is within the normal working range, obtain the vacuum tube pass rate θ according to the ratio of the collector current to the high-voltage power supply current, and determine whether the vacuum tube pass rate θ is within a reasonable range; when the vacuum tube pass rate θ is not within the normal data range, send an alarm signal; Step 6: Prediction of vacuum tube reliability: The pass rate of the vacuum tube under the same working mode θ and the average output power of the transmitter P t And the original average output power P0 is converted into the vacuum tube life constant ε t , vacuum tube life coefficient ε t =θ×P t / P0; Use vacuum tube life coefficient ε t To evaluate the life of the vacuum transmitting tube, when the vacuum tube life constant is lower than the preset threshold, it can be predicted that the transmitting tube is about to reach the end of its life.

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