Improved ct imaging system

Abstract

A novel and improved CT imaging system is proposed, which enhances the ability to deploy CT imaging in mobile settings, such as in mobile setups or as part of a mobile hospital unit. The disclosed improvements include: implementing an internal drive system for moving scanner components relative to a fixed or static platform / base; improving component modularity for rapid maintenance / repair; and including an integrated patient alignment mechanism directly connected to the CT system.

Description

[0001] Cross-references of related parts

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 62 / 320,622, filed April 11, 2016, entitled “CT Systems with Internal Drive System, Modularity and Alignment Headboard,” the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Background Technology

[0003] This application relates to computed tomography (CT) imaging. Specifically, novel and improved CT imaging systems are proposed that enhance the ability to deploy CT imaging in mobile settings, such as in mobile setups or as part of a mobile hospital unit. Exemplary improvements disclosed herein include: implementing an internal (i.e., independent) drive system for moving scanner components relative to a fixed or static platform / base; improving the modularity of components for rapid maintenance / repair; and including an integrated patient alignment mechanism, such as an alignment headplate directly connected to the CT system, to improve system reliability. The improved CT system proposed herein has numerous applications across a variety of settings, including mobile and hospital setups.

[0004] Mobile mobile setup:

[0005] Stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI) are the third and fourth leading causes of death in developed countries, and the first and second leading causes of long-term disability. The total societal cost of these medical problems in the United States exceeds $100 billion annually. In the United States alone, nearly one million people experience a stroke each year. For the major subtype of stroke known as ischemic stroke, only one effective acute treatment exists. Approximately 80% of all strokes are ischemic strokes, which benefit from intravenous thrombolysis followed by interventional neuroradiation. Unfortunately, less than 3% of ischemic stroke patients in the United States receive this treatment. The main reason for this low treatment rate is the lengthy time required to perform diagnostic stroke testing, which primarily involves performing non-contrast CT scans to rule out hemorrhagic stroke. Unfortunately, if thrombolysis is performed more than three hours after the onset of symptoms, it is neither safe nor effective.

[0006] Recently, mobile stroke wards have been developed and deployed in both Europe and the United States, incorporating CT systems and remote stroke communication equipment in mobile settings (e.g., mobile mobile settings). Advantageously, these mobile stroke units can significantly shorten medical intervention response times by providing earlier access to CT data. This shortened response time, in turn, leads to greater availability and effectiveness of treatment options such as thrombolytic therapy. Therefore, there is a need for novel and improved CT systems that can be deployed in ambulances, first-response vehicles, or other mobile settings. Specifically, existing mobile CT solutions are primarily based on older / larger hospital designs and are therefore often difficult to install, transport, use, and maintain, especially in mobile mobile settings. The improved CT solution proposed in this paper addresses many of these drawbacks.

[0007] Hospital setup:

[0008] Many stroke and TBI patients experience lengthy stays in intensive care units (ICUs). Mixed with various other patients, such as those with heart disease, this ICU patient population requires frequent CT scans as part of standard care. Unfortunately, transporting patients to and from stationary CT scanners has proven to be costly and dangerous. Moreover, such patient transport requires ICU staff to leave the ICU floor, thus increasing the burden on the ICU. Currently, there are over 500 ICU facilities using Generation 1 CT scanners. This generation design is over 10 years old, and many hospitals are long overdue for upgrades. Therefore, there is a need for novel and improved hospital CT systems, and specifically, for novel and improved mobile CT systems, such as those that can be used without transporting patients to another area of ​​the hospital (e.g., those that can be used in ICUs, emergency departments (EDs), or other hospital floor-mounted or operating room-mounted setups). Existing mobile CT solutions typically use external drive systems that allow the CT system to translate relative to the floor. Such systems are often hampered by reliability and stability issues caused by uneven floors. Moreover, similar to mobile setups, existing mobile CT solutions often present challenges in terms of transport, availability, and maintenance. For example, existing mobile CT systems are often difficult to align / integrate with various types of hospital beds / stretchers and are susceptible to human error, with patient misalignment often leading to signal degradation and a surge in image artifacts. Similarly, the improved CT scheme proposed in this paper addresses many of these drawbacks. Summary of the Invention

[0009] A novel and improved CT imaging system is proposed, which enhances the ability to deploy CT imaging in mobile settings, such as in mobile setups or as part of a mobile hospital unit. The disclosed improvements include: implementing an internal drive system for moving scanner components relative to a fixed or static platform / base; improving component modularity for rapid maintenance / repair; and including an integrated patient alignment mechanism that is directly connected to the CT system.

[0010] An exemplary embodiment includes a CT system comprising: a scanner component; a base component mounted relative to the floor of a vehicle; and an internal drive component for translating the scanner component relative to the base component. Advantageously, the base component may include a low-profile base component configured to minimize the space between the scanner component and the floor of the vehicle. For example, the distance between the bottom of the scanner component and the floor may be less than 2 feet, less than 1 foot, or most preferably less than 6 inches. In some embodiments, the base component is a low-profile base component configured such that the opening of the scanner component is aligned at substantially the same height as a patient secured in the vehicle on a folded stretcher. Thus, for example, the distance between the center of the opening and the floor may be less than 3 feet or more preferably less than 2 feet. In an exemplary embodiment, the CT system may further include a patient alignment mechanism, such as a headplate, directly mounted to the CT system, for example, mounted relative to the base component. Advantageously, the CT system may include multiple modular subsystems, such as an X-ray source subsystem, a detection subsystem, a control subsystem, and / or a power subsystem.

[0011] In other exemplary embodiments, a CT system is provided, comprising: a scanner component; a base component mounted relative to a mobile trolley; and an internal drive component for translating the scanner component relative to the base component. The CT system may similarly include a patient alignment mechanism, such as a headplate, directly mounted to the CT system, for example, mounted relative to the base component. Furthermore, the CT system may also include multiple modular subsystems, such as an X-ray source subsystem, a detection subsystem, a control subsystem, and / or a power subsystem. Advantageously, the mobile trolley may include an omnidirectional drive system for transporting the mobile trolley.

[0012] In some other exemplary embodiments, a CT system is provided, comprising: a scanner component; a base component; and an internal drive component for translating the scanner component relative to the base component, wherein the base component is configured to be interchangeably mounted relative to a vehicle floor or a mobile cart.

[0013] In other exemplary embodiments, a scanner component of a CT system is provided, comprising a radiation source and a detector component mounted to a rotatable disk, wherein the rotatable disk is rotatably mounted relative to a housing of the scanner component via a gantry, wherein the gantry is translatably mounted relative to the housing such that the gantry and the rotatable disk can be translated relative to the housing, thereby translating the beam path of the scanner component relative to the housing. Advantageously, one or more threaded rods may be used to mount the gantry relative to the housing, wherein the one or more threaded rods are rotatably driven to translate the gantry relative to the housing.

[0014] In other exemplary embodiments, a CT system is provided, comprising: a scanner component; a base component; and an internal drive component for translating the scanner component relative to the base component, wherein the scanner component is further pivotable relative to the base component to allow for a lowering of its center of gravity.

[0015] In other exemplary embodiments, a CT system is provided, comprising: a scanner component; a base component; an internal drive component for translating the scanner component relative to the base component; and an alignment mechanism mounted relative to the base component for alignment with a patient platform.

[0016] In other exemplary embodiments, a CT system is provided, comprising: a scanner component; a base component; an internal drive component for translating the scanner component relative to the base component; and a user interface component tethered relative to the CT system and including a wired connection for enabling remote control of the CT system from a radiation-protected location.

[0017] In other exemplary embodiments, a CT system is provided, comprising: a scanner component; a base component; and an internal drive component for translating the scanner component relative to the base component, wherein the scanner includes a first nested housing and a second nested housing. Attached Figure Description

[0018] In the following detailed description, the present disclosure is further described by way of non-limiting examples of embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 An exemplary system block diagram of a CT system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0020] Figure 2 Embodiments according to this disclosure are shown Figure 1 An exemplary CT system in which the scanner component is mounted relative to a portable trolley.

[0021] Figure 3A-3D according to embodiments of the present disclosure Figure 2 The CT system is an exemplary real-world application, which includes its exemplary scanning location and transport location.

[0022] Figure 4 The illustration shows an embodiment of the present disclosure in which the following is installed relative to the first response vehicle: Figure 1 An exemplary CT system.

[0023] Figure 5 Examples of embodiments of the present disclosure are shown for use in Figure 4 A more detailed schematic diagram of the CT system of the first response vehicle shown.

[0024] Figure 6 The following are embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 5 An exemplary CT system includes an integrated patient alignment system.

[0025] Figure 7 A and Figure 7 B illustrates an embodiment of the present disclosure for use with Figure 5 The transport location of an exemplary CT system.

[0026] Figure 8 and Figure 9 A more detailed schematic diagram of an exemplary alignment mechanism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, which can be used in conjunction with the CT system described herein.

[0027] Figure 10 and Figure 11 An exemplary driving configuration for an exemplary scanner component is shown according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which can be used in the CT system described herein.

[0028] Figure 12 A and Figure 12 B illustrates a translation mechanism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is used to translate an internal stage to allow the beam to translate relative to the housing of the scanner component.

[0029] Figure 13 A-13C shows a more detailed schematic diagram of a drive system for an exemplary scanner component including a rotating stage according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 14 A-14C illustrates an embodiment according to this disclosure. Figure 13 A variation of the drive system of the A-13C, wherein the rotary table 117 is movably mounted relative to the housing 116 of the scanner component.

[0031] Figure 15 A-15C Figure 16 A, Figure 16 B. Figure 17 A and Figure 17 B illustrates how a CT system proposed herein may include a nested scanner component configuration in an exemplary embodiment according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0032] This paper presents a novel and improved CT imaging system that enhances the ability to deploy CT imaging in mobile settings, such as in mobile settings or as part of a mobile hospital unit.

[0033] In exemplary embodiments, novel and improved CT imaging systems may include an internal (i.e., independent) drive system for moving the scanner component of the system relative to a fixed or static platform / base component of the system during scanning. Advantageously, the use of an internal drive system (as opposed to an external drive system, in which the entire CT imaging system moves relative to the floor during scanning) improves system stability and scanning reliability. Various different types of platforms / bases can thus be used depending on the specific application. For example, in some embodiments, the platform / base may be a low platform / base, for example, adapted to be mounted to the floor of an ambulance or other first-response vehicle. Advantageously, a low platform / base can be employed to minimize / reduce the distance between the scanner component of the system and the ground / floor where the system is mounted, thereby lowering the system's center of gravity. In exemplary embodiments, the distance between the bottom of the scanner component and the floor may be less than 2 feet, less than 1 foot, or even less than 6 inches. In other exemplary embodiments, the scanner component may be adapted / configured to pivot downwards or otherwise fold downwards to further lower the system's center of gravity, for example, during transport. In other exemplary embodiments, the scanner component may be adapted / configured to translate and / or pivot from the scanning position to a storage position during transport, such as adjacent to the front or side wall of a mobile or first-response vehicle.

[0034] Specifically, in an exemplary embodiment, the scanner component may be a generally cylindrical shape with a central opening configured, for example, sized / formed to receive portions of the patient's anatomy (e.g., the patient's head). In use, the scanner component may house an X-ray source subsystem and a detector subsystem that rotate substantially about portions of the patient's anatomy, for example, in a continuous manner, as the scanner component moves laterally, thereby generating a CT scan of the patient. In an exemplary embodiment, a low platform / base may be employed to minimize / reduce the distance between the scanner component opening and the ground / floor of the mounting system, thereby lowering the patient's center of gravity during scanning. In an exemplary embodiment, the distance between the center of the scanner component opening and the floor may be less than 3 feet or even less than 2 feet.

[0035] Lowering the system's and / or the patient's center of gravity during scanning can be particularly advantageous for transport in ambulances or other first-response vehicles where weight distribution, handling, and safety considerations require the vehicle and patient to maintain a low center of gravity.

[0036] In other exemplary embodiments, the platform / base component of the system may be a mobile platform / base, for example, the same or similar mobile platform / base currently available for mobile non-CT X-ray systems. Advantageously, the mobile platform / base may include a motorized mobility aid or some type of drive system to facilitate the transport of the CT system throughout the hospital. In exemplary embodiments, the mobile platform / base may be used to house control subsystem components and / or power subsystem components. Alternatively, the control subsystem components and / or power subsystem components may be external to the CT system. In some embodiments, the mobile platform / base may include a multi-directional drive system configured to independently control movement in multiple horizontal dimensions, such as forward and backward movement and lateral movement. In some embodiments, the multi-directional drive system may be an omnidirectional drive system, such as a holonomic drive system, which includes three degrees of freedom and is therefore capable of lateral or strafe movement without changing the direction of its wheels. In some embodiments, the omnidirectional drive system may be implemented using omnidirectional wheels or mecanum wheels or similar components. Using omnidirectional wheels or mecanum wheels can advantageously minimize surface drag and torque. Advantageously, an H-type drive power transmission system can be used to supply power to each wheel station.

[0037] In some embodiments, the radiation shielding panel or curtain may be fixed relative to the platform / base component, and in some embodiments may be pivotable, extended, or otherwise deployed from the platform / base component. In this way, the radiation shielding element can be deployed and remain stationary relative to the patient during the scanning process.

[0038] Advantageously, in some embodiments, the novel and improved CT imaging system proposed herein includes a modular design that facilitates its maintenance and adaptability. For example, as described above, depending on the specific application, the same scanner components and internal drive system can be used with different bases / platforms; therefore, in some embodiments, the CT scanning components and internal drive system can be configured to be mounted relative to a variety of different types of bases / platforms. In this way, hospitals can easily retrofit individual machines for different purposes. Similarly, in some embodiments, the base / platform proposed herein can be adapted to allow the mounting of different types of imaging technologies, such as CT, X-ray, ultrasound, etc. This adaptable / interchangeable modular design also increases manufacturing efficiency when producing individual components.

[0039] In particular, the modular design method disclosed herein extends the functional subsystems of the CT system proposed herein. For example, the X-ray source subsystem and detector can be modular components of the scanner components. Similarly, the control subsystem and / or power subsystem can be modular components of the base / platform components. Therefore, in exemplary embodiments, the repair of a damaged subsystem can be facilitated by simply replacing the entire modular subsystem with a new operating subsystem. In this way, the CT system can continue to operate while the replaced damaged subsystem is being repaired. Thus, in exemplary embodiments, the modular design can include: 1) a modular X-ray source subsystem, for example, including an X-ray source, collimator, transmission lens / optics, filters, etc.; 2) a modular detector subsystem, for example, including a detector array, receiving lens / optics, filters such as scattering filters, etc.; 3) a modular control subsystem, for example, including a scanner position control device, data processing components, network integration components, etc.; and 4) a modular power subsystem, for example, including a battery, converter, power regulator, surge protector, etc. While exemplary embodiments conceive of a four-subsystem modular component design, it should be understood that other modular constructions can be used. For example, in some embodiments, the control subsystem may include a variety of different interchangeable modular components.

[0040] In other exemplary embodiments, the CT imaging system described herein may advantageously include a user interface control component, including, for example, a touchscreen tablet-type control component. Advantageously, the user interface control component may include a wired or tethered connection relative to the CT imaging system, for example, a wired or tethered connection relative to the base of the system and / or relative to the scanner component of the system. In some embodiments, the user interface control component may be removably docked to the CT imaging system, and the tether or wired connection may be retractable to facilitate the storage / winding of the wire or tether when the user interface component is docked to the CT imaging system. The wire or tether may advantageously allow wired operation of the CT imaging system from a remote location (e.g., a radiation-protected location). In exemplary embodiments, a security feature may instruct scanner operation only when the user interface control component is in a non-docked position. In some embodiments, the wire or tether may be reinforced and used as a security cable to prevent the theft or loss of the user interface control component. The user interface control component may further be configured to wirelessly connect to one or more remote workstations and / or mobile devices.

[0041] As described above, proper alignment of the patient (e.g., portions of the patient's anatomy being scanned) is important for achieving proper scanning and reducing image noise / artifacts. Therefore, in some other exemplary embodiments, the novel and improved CT imaging system proposed herein may include an integrated patient alignment mechanism (e.g., directly including an alignment headplate) directly connected to the CT system. Specifically, the alignment mechanism may be fixed relative to the base / platform of the system. This contrasts with existing CT systems, where alignment is typically achieved via a patient platform, such as a bed, stretcher, table, etc. (in many existing CT systems, a dedicated adapter is required to connect a given patient platform to the system). By eliminating the need for different adapters depending on the type of patient platform, using an integrated patient alignment mechanism fixed relative to the CT system, instead of the patient platform, ensures greater reliability and improves the ease of use of the CT system. In some embodiments, the integrated alignment mechanism may advantageously include a latch or other releasable locking mechanism for securing the alignment mechanism relative to the patient platform. In some embodiments, a secure connection between the alignment mechanism and the patient platform may be required before any scan begins. In other exemplary embodiments, the integrated alignment mechanism may advantageously include one or more patient alignment features for guiding the positioning of a patient, such as a specific portion of the patient's anatomy, relative to the alignment mechanism. For example, the patient guidance features may include markings, protrusions, grooves, or other patient alignment features for positioning and oriented the patient relative to the alignment mechanism. The integrated alignment mechanism may further include one or more patient fasteners for securing the patient, such as a specific portion of the patient's anatomy, in a particular location / orientation relative to the alignment mechanism. Thus, for example, in some embodiments, the integrated alignment mechanism may include one or more straps, knots, bands, clips, or other patient fasteners.

[0042] Advantageously, the integrated patient alignment mechanism can be configured for specific portions of a patient's anatomy. For example, in some embodiments, the patient alignment mechanism may include a headplate fixed relative to the system and adapted to facilitate proper alignment of the patient's head. In some embodiments, the patient alignment mechanism may be interchangeable, for example, to allow selection of a suitable alignment mechanism for a specific portion of the patient's anatomy. In other exemplary embodiments, the patient alignment mechanism may define multiple different alignment configurations for the same portion of the patient's anatomy. These different alignment configurations may, for example, correspond to different scanning protocols / applications. In some embodiments, the patient alignment mechanism may allow controllable adjustment of the position and / or orientation of portions of the patient's anatomy, for example, adjusting them to a selected position / or orientation. In particular, the CT system may be configured to register the selected configuration of the patient alignment mechanism with respect to corresponding image data. In other exemplary embodiments, scanning protocols / applications may be pre-registered for a specific alignment mechanism and / or its configuration. Therefore, in some embodiments, the system may need to confirm a specific alignment mechanism and / or its configuration before initiating a corresponding scanning protocol / application. In some embodiments, the scanning sequence can be facilitated by automatically adjusting the patient orientation / alignment between scans or otherwise guiding the adjustment of the patient orientation / alignment. For example, in some embodiments, the scanning sequence may include automatically adjusting the configuration of the alignment mechanism between scans or otherwise facilitating the adjustment of the alignment mechanism's configuration. In other embodiments, the scanning sequence may include facilitating the replacement of a first alignment mechanism with a second alignment mechanism between scans.

[0043] In exemplary embodiments, the CT system proposed herein may include mechanisms for selectively / adjustably orienting CT scanner components and / or internal drive systems relative to a mounting surface. This may facilitate mounting the system on an inclined surface or may help adjust the orientation of the scanner components to match the orientation of portions of a patient's anatomy. For example, in some embodiments, it may be desirable to orient the CT scanner components and internal drive systems at an angle relative to a given mounting surface. In other exemplary embodiments, it may be desirable to allow selective changes in scanner orientation from a horizontal scanner to a vertical scanner. In other exemplary embodiments, the CT system proposed herein may include mechanisms for selectively / adjustably positioning (e.g., translating) the CT scanner components and / or internal drive systems relative to a mounting surface. For example, in some embodiments, the vertical and / or horizontal position of the scanner components may be adjustable, for example, to allow alignment with the patient and / or patient platform, for example, height alignment. In exemplary embodiments, an integrated patient alignment mechanism (e.g., as described herein) may be used to guide such orientation and / or positional alignment of the scanner components and / or internal drive systems. Thus, for example, the scanner components may be vertically translated relative to the mounting surface such that the integrated alignment mechanism is vertically aligned with the patient platform. In some embodiments, alignment with the patient and / or patient platform can be automatic, for example, based on pre-programmed positions for different types of patient platforms and / or different scanning procedures and / or based on feedback from one or more sensors, such as optical sensors, pressure sensors, etc. In other exemplary embodiments, the position of the scanning component relative to the base can be adjusted automatically or manually based on a selected alignment mechanism. Thus, in exemplary embodiments, an alignment mechanism is selected and attached relative to the base of the CT system. The position of the scanning component (relative to the base) can then be adjusted automatically or manually such that the opening of the scanning component is correctly aligned with the selected alignment mechanism.

[0044] In some embodiments, active safety features may be included that limit or otherwise protect against movements of the CT system that could potentially harm the patient or damage the system (e.g., transport, alignment, and / or scanning movements). For example, in some embodiments, sensors may be used to detect the proximity of one or more components of the CT system relative to the patient or target and to provide passive feedback (e.g., alarms or warnings) or active feedback (automatic disconnection or other movement restriction) based on such proximity detection. These sensors may be, for example, optical, pressure, or resistive sensors. In some embodiments, passive and / or active feedback may be subject to manual override.

[0045] In other exemplary embodiments, the CT system proposed herein may include an internal translation mechanism for CT scanning components. Thus, for example, instead of translating the CT scanning components relative to a base, in some embodiments, the internal disk or roller of the scanning components may translate relative to a stationary housing. As described above, the housing may be a generally cylindrical shape with a central opening. Generally, the rotating disk or roller assembly may be included within the housing for mounting CT components, such as radiation source and detector components on opposite sides of the central opening. The rotating disk or roller assembly is typically rotatably mounted relative to the housing via a rotary table, which, for example, includes one or more bearing runs. Specifically, the table may include an annular external support having a continuous radially inwardly facing circumferential bearing chamber including two circumferential bearing runs within the bearing chamber, wherein roller bearings within the bearing runs are rotatably supported on the circumferential lip of the roller or disk within the external support, such that the roller or disk is rotatable about a rotational axis. A belt or gear drive system may be used to drive the rotation of the roller or disk within the housing. For example, a multi-V belt drive system or other belt drive system can be used to transmit rotation from drive pulleys (e.g., sheaved drive pulleys) to the rollers or disk. In particular, the rotary mounting and drive components of the system described herein are not limited to the specific examples provided above. Of course, other rotary stages and rotary drive mechanisms can also be used. For example, in some embodiments, other rotary-mounted magnetic bearing systems or air bearing systems can be used. In other embodiments, the CT imaging system described herein can use a direct-drive system with a direct-drive stage motor. Advantageously, in the embodiments described herein, the rotary stage can be translatably mounted relative to the housing of the scanner component. Thus, for example, in some embodiments, the stage can be mounted relative to the housing via one or more threaded rods, for example, where rotation of the rods causes translational movement of the stage relative to the housing. The result of the embodiments described above is a scanning component with a variable beam path position. Thus, unlike a translational scanning component, the scanning component can remain stationary while the beam path moves internally through translation of the rotating roller / disc.

[0046] In other exemplary embodiments, the CT system proposed herein may include a nested, for example, telescopic scanner component configuration. In a nested configuration, a first housing of the CT scanner component may advantageously be nested within a second housing of the CT scanner component. In some embodiments, the second housing may include an inner diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the first housing. Moreover, in some embodiments, the second housing may have a greater length than the first housing. Thus, in some embodiments, a first annular housing member may be positioned within the second annular housing, for example, near its first open end. Generally, the first and second housings may be shaped as nested, straight-circular hollow cylinders. Advantageously, the first housing may define an internal opening configured, for example, sized / formed to receive portions of a patient's anatomy (e.g., the patient's head), while the second housing may define a wider opening configured to receive a larger portion of the patient's anatomy (e.g., the patient's head, neck, and shoulders). In some embodiments, the outer housing may advantageously serve as a radiation shield, for example, to help contain radiation from the scanner component and mitigate radiation scattering. In other embodiments, the first housing may be stationary or fixed relative to the second housing. Therefore, in some embodiments, the first housing may include an internal translation drive for translating the rotatable disk / roller housed therein (e.g., thereby translating the beam path relative to the patient). In other embodiments, the first housing may be configured to translate relative to a second housing. In some embodiments, this may be used for storage / alignment purposes, such as enabling the first housing to be folded into the second housing to reduce the footprint of the CT scanner components when not in use, to enable positioning of the scanner relative to the portion of the patient's anatomy to be scanned, and / or to enable positioning of the first and second housings in positions that provide optimal radiation protection for a particular scan location. In some embodiments, the second housing may be configured to extend telescopically relative to the first housing, for example, before scanning begins. In other embodiments, the first housing may be configured to translate relative to the second housing to enable scanning (e.g., to translating the beam path relative to the patient). Therefore, in some embodiments, the first and / or second housings may be positioned relative to the patient so that the CT scanner components are aligned with the patient. The first and / or second housings may also be positioned relative to each other to provide optimal radiation protection or to expand the internal cavity space for scanning. A scan can then be initiated by translating the first housing relative to the second housing (e.g., to translate the beam path relative to the patient). In particular, to provide optimal radiation protection, the CT scanner components can be configured such that the beam path remains centrally positioned relative to the first and / or second housings.This can advantageously minimize unwanted exposure and radiation scattering for patients and / or care providers.

[0047] In an exemplary embodiment, a highly modular CT system is proposed that, when mounted on a portable X-ray base (e.g., on a Siemens portable X-ray base), can be configured as a portable ICU scanner, or it can be reconfigured within a mobile stroke vehicle, with the CT on a base on the vehicle floor and the main electronics external / remote. The scanning user interface can be greatly simplified, for example, limited to a presentation scheme (e.g., one or two preset schemes). A simple interface can be included for scanning and transmitting and transferring data to and from an HIS / RIS / PACS system (e.g., in Siemens Syngo format). Moreover, the system can be manufactured using existing components (e.g., DAS, detectors, X-ray tubes, HVPS, workstation software, remote control (recon) software, and the portable base). In mobile settings, the CT system can be directly integrated / packaged with the vehicle, telemedicine systems, and / or other medical devices.

[0048] Original Reference Figure 1 This diagram illustrates an exemplary system block diagram of a CT system 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The CT system includes a scanner component 110 in the form of a ring / donut assembly, comprising two main components: A) an X-ray generation chamber 111 having an X-ray tube, a high-voltage power supply (HVPS), a collimator, etc.; and B) a data acquisition system (DAS) / detector / control chamber 112 containing all detectors, the spine, the DAS, the LVPS (low-voltage power supply), interface electronics, data link electronics, etc. An internal drive system 130 is also included for translating the scanner component 110 (e.g., along one or more axes) relative to a base / platform component 120.

[0049] Advantageously, in some embodiments, the internal drive system 130 may include one or more slides and / or tracks to define a translational relationship between the scanner component 110 and the base / platform component 120 (e.g., a single slide centered relative to the bottom of the scanner component or two parallel slides on opposite sides of the bottom of the scanner component). Furthermore, the internal drive system 130 may include one or more drive mechanisms, such as ball screws, actuators, or the like, to drive translational motion (e.g., a single ball screw centered relative to the bottom of the scanner component or two parallel ball screws on opposite sides of the bottom of the scanner component). In exemplary embodiments, the internal drive system 130 may be specifically configured to mitigate / prevent rotational drift during translation. Thus, in a preferred embodiment, the internal drive system is operatively coupled relative to the bottom portion of the scanner component 110 (i.e., opposite to the side or top portion of the scanner component). Furthermore, while two drive mechanisms (e.g., two ball screws) can be used, it is preferable that the drive mechanisms are mechanically synchronized, for example, by sharing a common drive motor / drive transmission (e.g., mechanically synchronizing the rotation of the two ball screws via a common drive belt). It should be noted that in some embodiments, a sliding mechanism may not be necessary, and the scanner component 110 may instead be directly supported by the drive mechanism.

[0050] System 100 may further include a power distribution unit (PDU) assembly 140 (which includes power electronics and a battery) and an electronic control unit (ECU) assembly 150 (which includes control, remote control, and interface electronics), which may be connected to the scanner component 110 via a power slip and a data link, respectively. The ECU assembly 150 may be further operatively connected relative to a user interface (UI) and other control subsystems such as emergency stop (disable) and lighting modules. As described above, the ECU assembly 150 may include a tethered / wired user interface control assembly for remote wired operation of the CT imaging system. Furthermore, the PDU assembly may be advantageously configured to require a minimal external power connection before allowing operation of the CT imaging system. Thus, for example, while the CT imaging system may include a battery backup system to supplement (e.g., from a wall connection) irregular power supply, a wired power connection may be required before operating the device.

[0051] Figure 2 Show Figure 1An exemplary CT system 100 is provided, wherein the scanner component 110 is mounted relative to a portable cart 200 using a drive rod 210. Specifically, the cart 200 may be based on or modified from an existing X-ray cart assembly and may be used to house the PDU 140 and ECU 150 assemblies. Alternatively, control subsystem components and / or power subsystem components may be external to the CT system 100 and / or the cart 200. In some embodiments, the mobile cart 100 may include a multi-directional drive system configured to independently control movement in multiple horizontal dimensions, such as forward / reverse and lateral movements. In some embodiments, the multi-directional drive system may be an omnidirectional drive system, such as a holonomic drive system, which includes three degrees of freedom and is therefore capable of lateral or oblique movement without changing the direction of its wheels. In some embodiments, an omnidirectional drive system may be implemented using omnidirectional wheels or Mecanum wheels or similar components. Using omnidirectional wheels or Mecanum wheels can advantageously minimize surface drag and torque. Advantageously, an H-type drivetrain can be used to supply power to each wheel station. Furthermore, as discussed above, the ECU assembly 150 may include a tethered / wired user interface (UI) control assembly 152 for remote wired operation of the CT imaging system. The tether / wire 154 can advantageously provide a wired data connection while protecting the UI control assembly 154 from loss or theft. In some embodiments, the tether / wire 154 may be retractable and the UI control assembly may interface with the CT system 100 and / or with the trolley 200. Advantageously, the tether / wire may be long enough to enable remote control of the CT imaging system from a location that protects the operator from radiation exposure or otherwise mitigates radiation exposure. In some embodiments, a wireless data connection may be provided by the UI control assembly.

[0052] Figure 3 A-3D was used to demonstrate Figure 2 An exemplary real-world application of system 100. Specifically, Figure 3 A-3C shows relative to Figure 2An exemplary CT system 100 includes an integrated patient alignment mechanism 250 (scanning plate). The patient alignment mechanism 250 advantageously allows for proper alignment of portions of a patient's anatomy relative to the CT system 100 without requiring a dedicated adapter for an ICU bed. The patient's bed (or other patient platform) is simply moved adjacent to the alignment mechanism 250 and its height is adjusted to roughly correspond to the height of the alignment mechanism 250. The patient is then moved to position the desired portions of the patient's anatomy on the alignment mechanism. As described above, proper alignment of the patient (e.g., portions of the patient's anatomy being scanned) is important for achieving proper scanning and reducing image noise / artifacts. The alignment mechanism 250 can be fixed relative to the system's base / platform 120. By eliminating the need for different adapters depending on the type of patient platform, using an integrated patient alignment mechanism 250 fixed relative to the CT system 100, instead of a patient platform, ensures greater reliability and improves the ease of use of the CT system 100.

[0053] As described herein, in some embodiments, the integrated alignment mechanism 250 may include a latch or other releasable locking mechanism for securing the alignment mechanism relative to the patient platform. In some embodiments, a secure connection between the alignment mechanism and the patient platform may be required before any scan begins. In other exemplary embodiments, the integrated alignment mechanism may advantageously include one or more patient alignment features for guiding the positioning of a patient (e.g., a specific portion of the patient's anatomy) relative to the alignment mechanism. For example, the patient guidance features may include markers, protrusions, grooves, or other patient alignment features for positioning and orienting the patient relative to the alignment mechanism. The integrated alignment mechanism may further include one or more patient fasteners for securing the patient (e.g., a specific portion of the patient's anatomy) in a specific location / orientation relative to the alignment mechanism. Thus, for example, in some embodiments, the integrated alignment mechanism may include one or more straps, knots, bands, clips, or other patient fasteners.

[0054] Advantageously, the integrated patient alignment mechanism 250 can be configured for specific portions of a patient's anatomy. For example, in some embodiments, the patient alignment mechanism 250 may include a headplate fixed relative to the system and adapted to facilitate proper alignment of the patient's head. In some embodiments, the patient alignment mechanism 250 may be interchangeable, for example, to allow selection of a suitable alignment mechanism for specific portions of the patient's anatomy. In other exemplary embodiments, the patient alignment mechanism 250 may define multiple different alignment configurations for the same portion of the patient's anatomy. These different alignment configurations may, for example, correspond to different scanning protocols / applications. In some embodiments, the patient alignment mechanism may allow controllable adjustment of the position and / or orientation of portions of the patient's anatomy, for example, adjusting them to a selected position / or orientation. In particular, the CT system 100 may be configured to register the selected configuration of the patient alignment mechanism with respect to corresponding image data. In other exemplary embodiments, the scanning protocol / application may be pre-registered for a specific alignment mechanism and / or its configuration. Therefore, in some embodiments, the system may need to confirm a specific alignment mechanism and / or its configuration before initiating a corresponding scanning protocol / application. In some embodiments, the scanning sequence can be facilitated by automatically adjusting the patient orientation / alignment between scans or otherwise guiding the adjustment of the patient orientation / alignment. For example, in some embodiments, the scanning sequence may include automatically adjusting the configuration of the alignment mechanism between scans or otherwise facilitating the adjustment of the alignment mechanism's configuration. In other embodiments, the scanning sequence may include facilitating the replacement of a first alignment mechanism with a second alignment mechanism between scans.

[0055] Figure 3 A and Figure 3B illustrates an exemplary patient scanning position for a cart-based CT system 100. Advantageously, the scanning component 110 is translated relative to the base 120 and the alignment mechanism 250 to perform a scan on the patient. In particular, the center of the X-ray beam is not limited to the illustrated embodiment and can advantageously be more centered relative to the housing of the scanning component 110 (e.g., to provide improved radiation protection). Moreover, as described herein, the housing of the scanning component 110 can be extended or shaped to include additional radiation protection extending further downward along the patient. In an exemplary embodiment, the housing of the scanning component 110 may include a nested (e.g., telescopic) housing comprising a first housing and a second housing. Moreover, in an exemplary embodiment, only a portion of the housing of the scanning component is configured to translate (e.g., the first housing component may translate over the second housing component). Alternatively, in some embodiments, the housing may be configured to be stationary and the beam path itself translates internally within the housing (e.g., by translating an internal stage that rotatably associates the disc / roller with the housing). These and other embodiments are described in more detail in other parts of this disclosure.

[0056] Figure 3 B and Figure 3 D shows the use of Figure 2 An exemplary transport location for a cart-based CT system 100. Specifically, in Figure 3 In B, the scanning component 110 can advantageously advance to a central position so that, for example, with respect to the trolley 200, the weight distribution is centered. Alternatively, in some embodiments, for example... Figure 3 As shown in Figure D, the scanning component 110 can be configured to pivot relative to the base 120, for example, fold downwards. This allows for a lower gravity distribution during transport and a more compact shape factor, for example, to facilitate storage of the CT system 100.

[0057] Figure 4 The following is shown: [Installation] relative to the first response vehicle Figure 1 An exemplary CT system 100 is shown. It should be noted that the CT system 100 includes a low base / platform 110 configuration to align with the low stretcher 50 typically used in vehicles and to ensure a low center of gravity. In the illustrated embodiment, the ECU 140 and PDU 150 components are external to the CT system 100 and can be positioned anywhere within the vehicle.

[0058] Figure 5 Showing for example Figure 4 A more detailed schematic diagram of the CT system 100 of the first response vehicle is shown. As previously discussed... Figure 1As described, the CT system 100 includes a scanner component 110 in the form of a ring / donut assembly, comprising two main components: A) an X-ray generation chamber 111 having an X-ray tube, a high-voltage power supply (HVPS), a collimator, etc.; and B) a data acquisition system (DAS) / detector / control chamber 112 containing all detectors, spines, DAS, LVPS (low-voltage power supply), interface electronics, data link electronics, etc. An internal drive system is also included for translating the scanner component 110 (e.g., along one or more axes) relative to a base / platform component 120. The system 100 further includes a power distribution unit (PDU) assembly 140 (containing power electronics and a battery) and an electronic control unit (ECU) assembly 150 (containing control, remote control, and interface electronics). The ECU assembly 150 may be further operatively connected relative to a user interface (UI) and other control subsystems. As described above, the ECU assembly 150 may include a tethered / wired user interface control component for remote wired operation of the CT imaging system. Furthermore, the PDU assembly can be advantageously configured to require a minimal external power connection before allowing operation of the CT imaging system. Thus, for example, while the CT imaging system may include a battery backup system to supplement irregular power supplies (e.g., from a wall connection), a wired power connection may be required before operating the device. Additionally, as described above, the ECU and PDU assembly can be located anywhere within the first-response vehicle.

[0059] In particular, Figure 5 The base / platform component 120 of the CT scanner 100 is securely mounted relative to the structural floor / frame 10 of the first response vehicle. This mounting of the CT scanner 100 relative to the floor of the first response vehicle provides a low center of gravity for the CT scanner 100 and ensures secure mounting during transport.

[0060] Figure 6 Showing about Figure 5An exemplary CT system 100 includes an integrated patient alignment mechanism 250 (scanning plate). As described above, the patient alignment mechanism 250 advantageously allows for proper alignment of portions of a patient's anatomy relative to the CT system 100 without requiring a dedicated adapter for an ICU bed. In an exemplary embodiment, the patient alignment mechanism can serve as an interface between a patient support structure and the CT system. For example, an ambulance or other mobile stretcher 50 can be positioned adjacent to the alignment mechanism 250, and its height is adjusted to roughly correspond to the height of the alignment mechanism 250. The patient is then moved to place the desired portions of the patient's anatomy onto the alignment mechanism. As described above, proper alignment of the patient (e.g., portions of the patient's anatomy being scanned) is important for achieving proper scanning and reducing image noise / artifacts. As shown, the alignment mechanism 250 is fixed relative to the system's base / platform 120. As described above, by eliminating the need for different adapters depending on the type of patient platform, using an integrated patient alignment mechanism 250 fixed relative to the CT system 100 instead of a patient platform ensures greater reliability and improves the ease of use of the CT system 100.

[0061] Figure 7 A and Figure 7 B shows the use of Figure 5 The transport location of the mobile CT system 100. Specifically, in some embodiments, for example... Figure 7 As shown in Figure A, the scanner component 110 can be translated to be positioned adjacent to a structural wall or support 15 in the first response vehicle. The scanner component 110 can then be secured relative to the wall / support 15 (e.g., using straps, belts, clips, or other fasteners). Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, the wall / support can be a structural wall separating the front (cabin) of the ambulance from the rear. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the wall / support can be a sidewall or other structural feature, such as a column or frame element. In some embodiments, for example... Figure 7 As shown in B, the scanner component 110 can be configured to pivot, for example, laterally (e.g., sideways) or between a vertical and horizontal orientation. Such pivoting can advantageously facilitate positioning the scanner component adjacent to the support 15 for its fixation. Alternatively, as Figure 7 As shown in B, such a pivot can further lower the center of gravity and provide better weight distribution during transport.

[0062] Figure 8 and Figure 9A more specific schematic diagram of the exemplary alignment mechanism 250 is shown, which can be used in conjunction with the CT system described herein. Specifically, the exemplary alignment mechanism 250 includes a head support 252 extending from a head support pad 254, which is attached via a post to the base / platform 120 of the CT scanner. The head support is configured to align with the central opening of the scanner component 110 of the CT scanner. In particular, the illustrated alignment mechanism 250 also includes an adjustable latch-type mechanism 256 for securing the alignment mechanism 250 relative to a patient platform, such as a bed 50. The latch can advantageously be highly adjustable and configured to engage with various types of patient platforms.

[0063] Figure 10 and Figure 11 An exemplary configuration of a CT system 100 with different scanning drive mechanisms is shown. Specifically, Figure 10 An exemplary scanning drive mechanism is shown, in which the scanner component 110 translates relative to the base / platform 120 via an internal drive system 130. Specifically, a motor 132 drives a belt 134, which in turn synchronously drives two ball screws 136. The translational movement is assisted by two sliding devices 138. Figure 11 An alternative drive mechanism is shown, in which the scanner component 110 is stationary relative to the base / platform 120. Therefore, instead of the entire scanner component 110 translating relative to the base / platform 120, the rotary stage 117 translates relative to the stationary housing 116 of the scanner component 110 via a translation drive system 119. This is in Figure 12 A and Figure 12 This is shown more specifically in B. Specifically, in Figure 12 Figure B shows the translation of the platform 117 from the first position to the second position, where about Figure 12 A illustrates the corresponding beam path travel relative to the housing. In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 11 The translation drive system 119 can be similar to Figure 1 and Figure 10 The embodiment includes an internal drive system 130, and includes a motor 132 to drive a ball screw 136 via a belt 134, which actuates the translational movement of the stage 117 defined by a sliding mechanism 138. Figure 11 The embodiments are superior Figure 10 One advantage of this embodiment is that all translational scanning movements are contained within the enclosed housing 116 and therefore remain imperceptible to the patient. Advantageously, this reduces the risk of collision with the patient. In some embodiments, Figure 10 and Figure 11 The scanning drive mechanism can be combined in a single embodiment, for example, wherein the housing is capable of translating relative to the patient independently of a stage that translates within the housing. Specifically, Figure 10 and Figure 11 The drive system shown can advantageously use a V-belt drive system to rotate the internal disc / roller assembly.

[0064] Figure 13 A-13C shows a more specific schematic diagram of the internal components of an exemplary rotating stand 117. Specifically, a rotating disk or roller assembly 115 can be rotatably mounted relative to the stand 117. Note that the stand can advantageously include one or more bearing running portions 117. Specifically, the stand 117 may include an annular outer support having a continuous circumferential bearing chamber facing radially inward, which includes two circumferential bearing running portions within the bearing chambers, wherein roller bearings in the bearing running portions are rotatably supported on the circumferential lip of a roller or disk within the outer support, such that the roller or disk can rotate about an axis of rotation. A rotary drive system 118 can be used to drive the rotation of the roller or disk 115 within the stand 117, such as a belt or gear drive system. For example, a multi-V belt drive system or other belt drive system can be used to transmit rotation from a drive pulley (e.g., a bundled drive pulley) to the roller or disk. In particular, the rotary mounting and drive components of the systems described herein are not limited to the specific examples provided above. Advantageously, in some embodiments (e.g.) Figure 10 As shown in the figure, the stand 117 may include / form the outer housing of the scanning component 110.

[0065] In other embodiments, the platform 117 may be, for example, via an internal translation drive system 119 (e.g., see...). Figure 11 It is movably mounted inside the outer housing of the scanning component 110. Figure 14 A-14C shows Figure 11 A more detailed view of the rotating stage 117 and the internal translation drive system 119. Specifically, the translation drive system 119 includes two ball screws 136, wherein rotation of the screws causes the stage 117 to move relative to the housing (e.g., see...). Figure 11 The translational motion of the scanning component 110 results in a variable beam path position. Therefore, unlike the translational scanning component 110, the scanning component 110 can remain stationary while the beam path moves internally via the translation of the rotating roller / disc through the translation of the stage 117.

[0066] Figure 15 A-15C Figure 16 A, Figure 16 B. Figure 17 A and Figure 17B illustrates how, in an exemplary embodiment, the CT system proposed herein can include a nested (e.g., telescopic) scanner component configuration. In the nested configuration, a first housing 116A of the CT scanner component (which in some embodiments may be an outer housing) can advantageously be nested within a second housing 116A of the CT scanner component (which in some embodiments may be an inner housing). In some embodiments, the first and second housings 116A and 116B can have the same length. In other embodiments, the first and second housings 116A and 116B can have different lengths; for example, housing 116A can have a shorter length than the second housing 116B. As shown, both the first and second housings 116A and 116B can include annular housing members. More specifically, the first and second housings 116A and 116B can be generally shaped as nested, straight-circular hollow cylinders (although the shape can be slightly modified to allow for the use of a drive system for a rotating stage (located in one or more of the housings) as shown in other embodiments described herein). In an exemplary embodiment, for example... Figure 15 As shown in A-15C, the first and second housings 116A and 116B can be nested such that the first housing 116A is positioned within a central opening defined by the inner diameter of the second housing 116B. This nesting configuration is similar to a Russian nesting doll. Therefore, in some embodiments, the first housing 116B may include an inner diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the second housing 116A. Alternatively, as described herein, for example in Figure 16 A, Figure 16 B. Figure 17 A and Figure 17 In some other embodiments shown in B, the second housing 116B may define a nesting groove (e.g., between its outer and inner diameters) for receiving the first housing 116A therein.

[0067] Generally speaking, the first and second housings 116A and 116B can independently or cooperatively define one or more enclosed cavity spaces for receiving and accommodating portions of a CT scanner component. For example, as in Figure 16 A, Figure 16 B. Figure 17 A and Figure 17 As further described in embodiments B, in some embodiments, the first and second housings 116A and 116B may cooperate to define an internal cavity space for accommodating internal portions of CT scanner components, such as a disc or roller assembly (having X-ray generation and detection subassemblies), a rotary stage for the roller or disc assembly, a rotation drive system for the disc or roller assembly, and (optionally) a translation drive system for the rotary stage (which may advantageously allow translation of the rotary stage within the enclosed cavity space, e.g., in…) Figure 16 A and Figure 16(As specifically shown in embodiments B). In some embodiments, the first and / or second housings may each individually define an enclosed cavity space. Thus, for example, the first housing 116A may independently define an enclosed cavity space for receiving the internal portion of a CT scanner component.

[0068] Figure 16 A and Figure 16 B illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a nested configuration, wherein first and second housings 116A and 116B can cooperate to define an internal cavity space for accommodating internal portions of a CT scanner component. Specifically, in Figure 16 A and Figure 16 In embodiment B, the CT scanner component may include a translation drive system for internal translation of the rotating stage within an internal cavity space defined by the first and second housings 116A and 116B. Figure 17 A and Figure 17 B shows Figure 16 A and Figure 16 An alternative embodiment of B does not include a translation drive for the rotating platform. Therefore, in Figure 17 A and Figure 17 In embodiment B, the internal portion of the CT scanner component is fixed relative to one of the housings (e.g., relative to the first housing 116A).

[0069] As described earlier in this document, there are various ways to perform scanning using the systems and methods described herein. For example, in some embodiments, such as Figure 16 A and Figure 16 As shown in Figure B, the translation drive system for the rotating stage allows for internal translation of the rotating stage within an enclosed cavity space defined by one or more housings. This scanning method advantageously enables the housings to remain stationary relative to the patient during scanning. In other embodiments, for example... Figure 17 A and Figure 17 As shown in Figure B, the rotating stage can be moved together with one or more housings (e.g., the rotating stage can be fixed relative to a first housing 116A, and the first housing 116A can be translated relative to a second housing 116B). It should be noted that in some embodiments, scanning can combine internal scanning techniques and external scanning techniques (e.g., the rotating stage can move within the housing and the housing itself can also move).

[0070] It is important to note that nested housing structures offer numerous advantages, including improved foldability, enhanced radiation protection, and better scanning capabilities. In some embodiments, for example... Figure 15As shown in AC, the first housing 116A may define an internal opening configured, for example, sized / formed to receive a first portion of the patient's anatomical structure (e.g., the patient's head), while the second housing 116B defines a wider opening configured to receive a larger portion of the patient's anatomical structure (e.g., the patient's head, neck, and shoulders). Therefore, in some embodiments, the second housing 116B may advantageously serve as a radiation shield, for example, to help contain radiation from scanner components and mitigate radiation scattering.

[0071] In some embodiments, the first housing 116A may be stationary or fixed relative to the second housing 116B. Therefore, in some embodiments, the first housing component 116A may include an internal translation drive for translating the rotatable disk / roller housed therein (e.g., thereby translating the beam path relative to the patient). In other embodiments, the first housing 116A may be configured to translate relative to the second housing 116B. Figure 15 A is relative to Figure 15 B. Figure 16 A is relative to Figure 16 B and Figure 17 A is relative to Figure 17 B illustrates an example of such a translational movement. In some embodiments, this can be used for storage / alignment purposes, such as enabling the first housing to be folded into the second housing (e.g., Figure 15 B. Figure 16 A and Figure 17 (as shown in A) to reduce the footprint of the CT scanner components when they are not in use, to enable partial positioning of the scanner relative to the anatomy of the patient to be scanned, and / or to enable positioning of one or more housings in a position that provides optimal radiation protection for a particular scan location. In some embodiments, the first housing 116A may be configured to extend telescopically relative to the second housing 116B, for example, before scanning begins (e.g., see...). Figure 15 A, Figure 15 C Figure 16 B and Figure 17 B). Advantageously, in some embodiments, this can provide enhanced radiation protection (e.g., see...). Figure 15 A and Figure 15 C). In other embodiments, this can extend / limit the internal cavity used for internal translation of the scanning component (e.g., see...). Figure 16 B). In other embodiments, the first housing 116A may be configured to translate relative to the second housing 116B to perform a scan, for example, to translate the beam path relative to the patient (e.g., see [link]). Figure 17(B) Therefore, in some embodiments, the first and / or second housings may be positioned relative to the patient so that the CT scanner components are aligned with the patient. The first or second housings may be further positioned relative to the patient or relative to each other to provide optimal radiation coverage. Scanning can then be initiated, for example by translating the first housing 116A relative to the second housing 116B (e.g., to translate the beam path relative to the patient), or by translating the scanning components internally (e.g., within the cavity space defined by the first and / or second housings). In particular, in some embodiments, to provide optimal radiation protection, the CT scanner components may be configured such that the beam path remains centrally positioned relative to the first and / or second housings. This can advantageously minimize undesirable exposure and radiation scattering for the patient and / or care provider.

[0072] In some embodiments, the first and second housings 116A and 116B may be configured to partially nest and may cooperate to define a continuous outer surface. Thus, in exemplary embodiments, the continuous outer surface may have a variable outer diameter (e.g., the first housing 116A includes an outer diameter smaller than that of the second housing 116B, such that the first housing 116A fits within the second housing 116B). In other embodiments, the continuous outer surface may be entirely defined by the second housing 116B, wherein the first housing 116A is completely nested within the second housing 116B. As described above, in some embodiments, the first and second housings 116A and 116B may be fixed relative to each other. Thus, in some embodiments, the first housing 116A may be fixed in a fully nested position within the second housing 116B, for example, wherein the first housing is shorter in length than the second housing, and the first housing is positioned off-center (e.g.) in an opening adjacent to the second housing. In some embodiments, the first and second housings may be configured as a single housing.

[0073] In an exemplary embodiment, the telescopic housing can be used as follows: the patient can be placed on a headboard, which is securely attached to and aligned with a fixed base. The front housing can then be translated over the patient's head (manually or by a motorized mechanism). Once the patient's head is safely within the scanning aperture, the internal translation CT mechanism (enclosed translation stage) can be translated forward all the way to the front housing, allowing the X-ray beam to penetrate deep into the patient's neck. A scan can occur, wherein the scanner translates while scanning (spiral or step-and-photograph) over the top of the patient's head. When the scan is complete, the internal translation stage can then be translated all the way to the rear housing, and the front housing can then be folded into the front housing and locked in place. Translation motor systems for CT are typically low-torque and have safe stall characteristics, so they never have a "crushing" force that could injure / harm the patient in any way. Advantageously, for the exemplary scanning methods described above, the systems and methods disclosed herein are capable of using greater torque during scanning (because the patient is isolated from the movement of the scanner). Therefore, if installed in a vehicle, it can operate on inclined planes without the need to worry about applying torque to overcome gravity. This is a weakness of existing vehicle-mounted CT systems, which must operate on level surfaces or the vehicle must include a leveling mechanism. As described herein, the housing / shroud can be constructed from radiation-shielding materials. The deep aperture created by the enlarged housing during scanning can contain a significant amount of scattered radiation, resulting in a substantial reduction in exposure for hospital personnel. The headplate, pre-aligned securely to the base of the scanner, ensures that all scans are completed very straight. It also creates conditions where the patient's head is centered in the opening, and there is no risk of the patient's head colliding with the shroud when it is placed over the patient.

[0074] Advantageously, the scanner system described herein can be mounted relative to a motorized drive system, such as a portable X-ray system in a hospital, allowing it to be easily moved from one room to another. The device can be made very robust and durable without requiring highly precise movements. Therefore, it can overcome obstacles such as thresholds, elevators, and debris on the floor. Advantageously, the drive system is separate from the scanning drive system.

[0075] Advantageously, the scanner system disclosed herein may include a battery power source to maintain operation when disconnected from the wall used for charging. Therefore, the X-ray power can also be greater than the power of the available wall power source.

[0076] User interfaces for CT scanners are typically complex computer-based systems with keyboards and mice. The system disclosed herein advantageously utilizes a very simple tablet-style interface connected to the scanner via a cable / software protector. The cable / software protector is long enough to allow the operator to move safely outside the scanner's radiation zone while remaining within the scanner's line of sight to provide an emergency stop for the facility in case of danger. The cable / software protector also prevents the tablet from being stolen. The tablet UI system is then able to communicate with the hospital / radiology information system to transmit patient information and data.

[0077] The scanner system described herein may include translation with sub-millimeter accuracy to provide accurate tomographic images of a patient's anatomical structures. As described above, this accuracy can be achieved by having one or two precision ball screws connected to the base and bottom of the scanner. The scanner may be further mounted on one or two low-friction linear sliding devices. By rotating the ball screws, the stage will be precisely translated. If two ball screws are used, they can be synchronized via belts and pulleys or via gear mechanisms. The ball screws can be rotated by connecting to a precision electric motor and motion drive system. This can be a servo or stepper motor type. The motor can be directly mounted to the ball screw. Preferably, the motor is mounted to the ball screw using belts and pulleys. Alternatively, the motor can be coupled to the ball screw via gears. The gears or pulleys can be dimensionally manufactured to provide greater or less mechanical advantage and accuracy.

[0078] Additional advantageous features of the exemplary embodiments described herein can be adapted to different applications. Thus, in some embodiments, trolley-based (ICU) systems and vehicle-based (mobile stroke CT) systems can share the same scanner component and base. More specifically, the base of the scanner component can be interchangeably mounted to a transport trolley or to the floor / frame of a first-response vehicle.

[0079] Having read the foregoing description, many changes and modifications to this disclosure will undoubtedly become apparent to those skilled in the art; however, it should be understood that the specific embodiments shown and described by way of illustration are in no way intended to be limiting. Furthermore, while the subject matter has been described with reference to specific embodiments, variations will occur to those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of this disclosure. It should be noted that the foregoing examples are provided for illustrative purposes only and should in no way be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure.

[0080] While the inventive concept has been specifically shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept as defined by the following claims.

Claims

1. A CT system, the CT system comprising: Scanner components; The base component is mounted relative to a mobile trolley having a motorized transport drive system; as well as An internal drive component for translating the scanner component relative to the base component; The CT system comprises multiple modular subsystems, and each modular subsystem is configured for complete replacement. The modular subsystems include an X-ray source subsystem, a detection subsystem, a control subsystem, and a power subsystem.

2. The CT system of claim 1, wherein, The system further includes a patient alignment mechanism that is directly mounted to the CT system.

3. The CT system of claim 2, wherein, The patient alignment mechanism is the headplate.

4. The CT system of claim 2, wherein, The patient alignment mechanism is mounted relative to the base component.

5. The CT system of claim 1, wherein, The mobile cart includes an omnidirectional drive system for transporting the mobile cart.

6. A CT system, the CT system comprising: Scanner components; Base components; as well as An internal drive component for translating the scanner component relative to the base component. The base component is configured to be interchangeably mounted relative to the vehicle floor or a mobile trolley; The CT system comprises multiple modular subsystems, and each modular subsystem is configured for complete replacement. The modular subsystems include an X-ray source subsystem, a detection subsystem, a control subsystem, and a power subsystem.

7. A scanner component of a CT system, the scanner component comprising a radiation source and a detector component mounted on a rotatable disk, wherein, The rotatable disk is rotatably mounted relative to the housing of the scanner component via a platform, wherein the platform is translatably mounted relative to the housing so that the platform and the rotatable disk can translate relative to the housing, thereby translating the beam path of the scanner component relative to the housing; The CT system comprises multiple modular subsystems, and each modular subsystem is configured for complete replacement. The modular subsystems include an X-ray source subsystem, a detection subsystem, a control subsystem, and a power subsystem.

8. The scanner component of claim 7, further comprising one or more threaded rods for mounting the gantry relative to the housing, wherein, Rotationally driving the one or more threaded rods causes the platform to translate relative to the housing.

9. A CT system, the CT system comprising: Scanner components; Base components; as well as An internal drive component for translating the scanner component relative to the base component; The scanner component is further capable of pivoting relative to the base component to allow for a lower center of gravity; The CT system comprises multiple modular subsystems, and each modular subsystem is configured for complete replacement. The modular subsystems include an X-ray source subsystem, a detection subsystem, a control subsystem, and a power subsystem.

10. A CT system, the CT system comprising: Scanner components; Base components; An internal drive component for translating the scanner component relative to the base component; as well as An alignment mechanism is mounted relative to the base component for alignment with the patient platform; The CT system comprises multiple modular subsystems, and each modular subsystem is configured for complete replacement. The modular subsystems include an X-ray source subsystem, a detection subsystem, a control subsystem, and a power subsystem.

11. A CT system, the CT system comprising: Scanner components; Base components; An internal drive component for translating the scanner component relative to the base component; as well as A user interface component, which is tethered relative to the CT system and includes a wired connection for enabling remote control of the CT system from a radiation-protected location; The CT system comprises multiple modular subsystems, and each modular subsystem is configured for complete replacement. The modular subsystems include an X-ray source subsystem, a detection subsystem, a control subsystem, and a power subsystem.

12. A CT system, the CT system comprising: Scanner components; Base components; as well as An internal drive component for translating the scanner component relative to the base component; The scanner includes a first nested housing and a second nested housing; The CT system comprises multiple modular subsystems, and each modular subsystem is configured for complete replacement. The modular subsystems include an X-ray source subsystem, a detection subsystem, a control subsystem, and a power subsystem.

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