Beam-specific duty cycle

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may determine a maximum permitted exposure (MPE) condition for one or more transmit beams of the UE; and transmit information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for the one or more transmit beams to a base station based at least in part on the MPE condition. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This patent application claims priority to PCT patent application No. PCT / CN2020 / 074786, entitled “BEAM-SPECIFIC DUTY CYCLE”, filed on February 12, 2020 and assigned to the assignee of this application. The disclosure of the prior application is considered part of this patent application and is incorporated into this patent application by reference.

[0003] Public domain

[0004] Aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to wireless communications and to techniques and devices for beam-specific duty cycles.

[0005] background

[0006] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies that can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and long term evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0007] A wireless network may include several base stations (BSs) that can support communications for several user equipments (UEs). The UE may communicate with the BS via a downlink and an uplink. The downlink (or forward link) refers to the communication link from the BS to the UE, while the uplink (or reverse link) refers to the communication link from the UE to the BS. As will be described in more detail herein, the BS may be referred to as a Node B, a gNB, an Access Point (AP), a Radio Head, a Transmit Receiving Point (TRP), a New Radio (NR) BS, a 5G Node B, and the like.

[0008] The above multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different user equipment to communicate at the city, country, region, and even global level. NR, which may also be referred to as 5G, is an enhancement set to the LTE mobile standard promulgated by 3GPP. NR is designed to better support mobile broadband Internet access by using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) (CP-OFDM) with cyclic prefix (CP) on the downlink (DL), using CP-OFDM and / or SC-FDM (e.g., also known as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink (UL), and supporting beamforming, multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna technology and carrier aggregation to improve spectrum efficiency, reduce costs, improve services, utilize new spectrum, and better integrate with other open standards. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to grow, further improvements to LTE, NR and other radio access technologies are still useful.

[0009] Overview

[0010] In some aspects, a method of performing wireless communications by a UE may include: determining a maximum permitted exposure (MPE) condition for one or more transmit beams of the UE; and transmitting information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for the one or more transmit beams to a base station based at least in part on the MPE condition.

[0011] In some aspects, a method of performing wireless communications by a base station may include: receiving information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for one or more transmit beams for a UE based at least in part on an MPE condition of the one or more transmit beams; and communicating with the UE based on the one or more duty cycle values.

[0012] In some aspects, a UE for wireless communication may include a memory and one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory. The memory and the one or more processors may be configured to determine an MPE condition for one or more transmit beams of the UE; and transmit information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for the one or more transmit beams to a base station based at least in part on the MPE condition.

[0013] In some aspects, a base station for wireless communication may include a memory and one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory. The memory and the one or more processors may be configured to receive information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for one or more transmit beams based at least in part on an MPE condition for one or more transmit beams of a UE; and communicate with the UE based on the one or more duty cycle values.

[0014] In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may store one or more instructions for wireless communication. The one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, may cause the one or more processors to determine an MPE condition for one or more transmit beams of the UE; and transmit information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for the one or more transmit beams to a base station based at least in part on the MPE condition.

[0015] In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may store one or more instructions for wireless communication. The one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of a base station, may cause the one or more processors to: receive information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for one or more transmit beams based at least in part on an MPE condition for one or more transmit beams of a UE; and communicate with the UE based on the one or more duty cycle values.

[0016] In some aspects, a device for wireless communication may include: a device for determining an MPE condition for one or more transmit beams of the device; and a device for transmitting information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for the one or more transmit beams to a base station based at least in part on the MPE condition.

[0017] In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication may include: a device for receiving information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for one or more transmit beams for the UE based at least in part on an MPE condition of the one or more transmit beams; and a device for communicating with the UE based on the one or more duty cycle values.

[0018] Aspects generally include methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, wireless communication devices, and / or processing systems substantially as described herein with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying figures.

[0019] The foregoing has broadly outlined the features and technical advantages of examples according to the present disclosure in an effort to make the following detailed description better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described hereinafter. The disclosed concepts and specific examples can be easily used as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for implementing the same purpose as the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, both in terms of their organization and method of operation, and the associated advantages will be better understood by considering the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Each of the accompanying drawings is provided for the purpose of illustration and description and is not intended to define limitations on the claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to understand the above-stated features of the present disclosure in detail, the above briefly summarized content may be described in more detail with reference to various aspects, some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that the accompanying drawings only illustrate certain typical aspects of the present disclosure and should not be considered to limit its scope, as the description may allow for other equally effective aspects. The same reference numerals in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0022] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a base station and a UE in communication in a wireless network according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an example 300 of using beams for communications between a base station and a UE in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 4 is a diagram of an example of signaling associated with reporting per-beam duty cycle in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 5-8 is a diagram illustrating an example messaging structure for beam-specific duty cycle reporting in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0027] Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example process, performed, for example, by user equipment, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0028] Fig.10 is a diagram illustrating example processes performed, for example, by a base station in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0029] Fig.11 is a block diagram of an example device for wireless communications in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0030] Fig.12 is a block diagram of an example device for wireless communications in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0031] Detailed Description

[0032] The various aspects of the present disclosure are described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure can be implemented in many different forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to any specific structure or function given throughout the present disclosure. On the contrary, these aspects are provided to make the present disclosure thorough and complete, and it will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. Based on the teachings of this article, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the present disclosure disclosed herein, whether it is implemented independently or in combination with any other aspect of the present disclosure. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein can be used to implement a device or practice method. In addition, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover such devices or methods practiced using supplements or other other structures, functionality, or structures and functionality as the various aspects of the present disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the present disclosure disclosed herein can be implemented by one or more elements of the claims.

[0033] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various devices and techniques. These devices and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements can be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0034] It should be noted that while various aspects may be described herein using terminology generally associated with 5G or NR radio access technologies (RATs), various aspects of the present disclosure may be applied to other RATs, such as 3G RATs, 4G RATs, and / or RATs after 5G (e.g., 6G).

[0035] Figure 1 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100 according to various aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless network 100 may be a 5G (NR) network and / or an LTE network, etc. or may include elements thereof. The wireless network 100 may include several base stations 110 (shown as BS 110a, BS 110b, BS 110c, and BS 110d) and other network entities. A base station (BS) is an entity that communicates with a user equipment (UE) and may also be referred to as an NR BS, a B node, a gNB, a 5G B node (NB), an access point, a transmit receive point (TRP), etc. Each BS may provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area. In 3GPP, the term "cell" may refer to a coverage area of ​​a BS and / or a BS subsystem serving the coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used.

[0036] A BS may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and / or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a residence) and may allow restricted access by UEs associated with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a closed subscriber group (CSG)). A BS for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro BS. A BS for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico BS. A BS for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto BS or a home BS. In Figure 1 In the example shown in , BS 110a may be a macro BS for macro cell 102a, BS 110b may be a pico BS for pico cell 102b, and BS 110c may be a femto BS for femto cell 102c. The BS may support one or more (e.g., three) cells. The terms "eNB", "base station", "NR BS", "gNB", "TRP", "AP", "B node", "5G NB", and "cell" may be used interchangeably herein.

[0037] In some aspects, the cell may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographic area of ​​the cell may move depending on the location of the mobile BS. In some aspects, the BSs may be interconnected to each other and / or to one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown) in the wireless network 100 via various types of backhaul interfaces, such as direct physical connections or virtual networks, using any suitable transport network.

[0038] The wireless network 100 may also include a relay station. A relay station is an entity that can receive transmissions of data from an upstream station (e.g., a BS or a UE) and send transmissions of the data to a downstream station (e.g., a UE or a BS). A relay station may also be a UE that can relay transmissions for other UEs. Figure 1 In the example shown in , relay BS 110d may communicate with macro BS 110a and UE 120d to facilitate communication between BS 110a and UE 120d. A relay BS may also be referred to as a relay station, relay base station, relay, or the like.

[0039] The wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network including different types of BSs, such as a macro BS, a pico BS, a femto BS, a relay BS, etc. These different types of BSs may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and different effects on interference in the wireless network 100. For example, a macro BS may have a high transmit power level (e.g., 5 to 40 watts), while a pico BS, a femto BS, and a relay BS may have a lower transmit power level (e.g., 0.1 to 2 watts).

[0040] A network controller 130 may be coupled to a set of BSs and may provide coordination and control of these BSs. The network controller 130 may communicate with each BS via a backhaul. The BSs may also communicate with each other directly or indirectly via a wireless or wired backhaul.

[0041] UEs 120 (e.g., 120a, 120b, 120c) may be dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE may be stationary or mobile. UEs may also be referred to as access terminals, terminals, mobile stations, subscriber units, stations, etc. A UE may be a cellular phone (e.g., a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device or equipment, a biometric sensor / device, a wearable device (smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., smart ring, smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music or video device, or a satellite radio), a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, an industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium.

[0042] Some UEs may be considered as machine type communication (MTC) UEs, or evolved or enhanced machine type communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC and eMTC UEs include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, and / or location tags, which may communicate with a base station, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. A wireless node may provide connectivity to or to a network (e.g., a wide area network (such as the Internet) or a cellular network) via, for example, a wired or wireless communication link. Some UEs may be considered as Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and / or may be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband Internet of Things) devices. Some UEs may be considered as client equipment (CPE). UE120 may be included inside a housing that houses components of UE 120, such as a processor component and / or a memory component. In some aspects, a processor component and a memory component may be coupled together. For example, a processor component (e.g., one or more processors) and a memory component (e.g., a memory) may be operationally coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and / or electrically coupled.

[0043] In general, any number of wireless networks may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network may support a specific RAT and may operate on one or more frequencies. RAT may also be referred to as radio technology, air interface, etc. Frequency may also be referred to as carrier, frequency channel, etc. Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed.

[0044] In some aspects, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly (e.g., without using base station 110 as an intermediary to communicate with each other) using one or more sidelink channels. For example, UE 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocols (e.g., which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols or vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols), and / or mesh networks. In this case, UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by base station 110.

[0045] The devices of the wireless network 100 can communicate using an electromagnetic spectrum, which can be subdivided into various categories, frequency bands, channels, etc. based on frequency or wavelength. For example, the devices of the wireless network 100 can communicate using an operating band having a first frequency range (FR1) and / or can communicate using an operating band having a second frequency range (FR2), the first frequency range (FR1) can span 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz, and the second frequency range (FR2) can span 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz. Frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are sometimes referred to as mid-band frequencies. Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to as a "sub-6 GHz" band. Similarly, FR2 is often referred to as a "millimeter wave" band, although it is different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz–300 GHz) identified as a "millimeter wave" band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). Therefore, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that the terms "sub-6 GHz" and the like, if used herein, may broadly refer to frequencies less than 6 GHz, frequencies within FR1, and / or mid-band frequencies (e.g., greater than 7.125 GHz). Similarly, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that the terms "millimeter wave" and the like, if used herein, may broadly refer to frequencies within the EHF band, frequencies within FR2, and / or mid-band frequencies (e.g., less than 24.25 GHz). It is contemplated that the frequencies included in FR1 and FR2 may be modified, and the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0046] As indicated above, Figure 1 are provided as examples. Other examples may differ from those described in Figure 1 Examples described.

[0047] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating an example 200 of a base station 110 and a UE 120 in communication in a wireless network 100 in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The base station 110 may be equipped with T antennas 234a through 234t, and the UE 120 may be equipped with R antennas 252a through 252r, where in general T≥1 and R≥1.

[0048] At the base station 110, the transmit processor 220 may receive data for one or more UEs from the data source 212, select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCS) for each UE based at least in part on a channel quality indicator (CQI) received from the UE, process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for the UE based at least in part on the MCS selected for each UE, and provide data symbols for all UEs. The transmit processor 220 may also process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and / or upper layer signaling), and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. The transmit processor 220 may also generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS) or demodulation reference signals (DMRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signals (PSS) or secondary synchronization signals (SSS)). A transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols, where applicable, and may provide T output symbol streams to T modulators (MODs) 232a through 232t. Each modulator 232 may process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator 232 may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The T downlink signals from modulators 232a through 232t may be transmitted via T antennas 234a through 234t, respectively.

[0049] At UE 120, antennas 252a to 252r may receive downlink signals from base station 110 and / or other base stations and may provide received signals to demodulators (DEMODs) 254a to 254r, respectively. Each demodulator 254 may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) the received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator 254 may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from all R demodulators 254a to 254r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols where applicable, and provide detected symbols. A receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for UE 120 to a data sink 260, and provide decoded control information and system information to a controller / processor 280. The term "controller / processor" may refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. The channel processor may determine a reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameter, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameter, and / or a channel quality indicator (CQI) parameter, etc. In some aspects, one or more components of UE 120 may be included in a housing.

[0050] The network controller 130 may include a communication unit 294, a controller / processor 290, and a memory 292. The network controller 130 may include, for example, one or more devices in a core network. The network controller 130 may communicate with the base station 110 via the communication unit 294.

[0051] Antennas (e.g., antennas 234a to 234t and / or antennas 252a to 252r) may include, or may be included within, one or more antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays, etc. Antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays may include one or more antenna elements. Antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays may include coplanar antenna element sets and / or non-coplanar antenna element sets. Antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays may include antenna elements within a single housing and / or antenna elements within multiple housings. Antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays may include antenna elements coupled to one or more transmission and / or reception components (such as Figure 2 One or more antenna elements of one or more components).

[0052] On the uplink, at the UE 120, a transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from a data source 262 and control information (e.g., for reports including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and / or CQI) from a controller / processor 280. The transmit processor 264 may also generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266, where applicable, further processed by modulators 254a through 254r (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and transmitted to the base station 110. In some aspects, the modulator and demodulator (e.g., MOD / DEMOD 254) of the UE 120 may be included in a modem of the UE 120. In some aspects, the UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna(s) 252, modulator and / or demodulator 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, and / or TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 280) and memory 282 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein, for example, as described with reference to Figure 3-7 as described.

[0053] At the base station 110, uplink signals from the UE 120 and other UEs may be received by the antenna 234, processed by the demodulator 232, detected by the MIMO detector 236 where applicable, and further processed by the receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by the UE 120. The receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to the data sink 239 and the decoded control information to the controller / processor 240. The base station 110 may include a communication unit 244 and communicate with the network controller 130 via the communication unit 244. The base station 110 may include a scheduler 246 to schedule the UE 120 for downlink and / or uplink communications. In some aspects, the modulator and demodulator (e.g., MOD / DEMOD 232) of the base station 110 may be included in a modem of the base station 110. In some aspects, the base station 110 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna(s) 234, modulator and / or demodulator 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, transmit processor 220, and / or TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 240) and memory 242 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein, for example, as described with reference to Figure 3-7 as described.

[0054] The controller / processor 240 of the base station 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, and / or Figure 2 Any other component(s) of the base station 110 may perform one or more techniques associated with beam-specific duty cycle reporting, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor 240 of the base station 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, and / or Figure 2 Any other component of the Fig. 9 The process of 900 Fig.10 1000, and / or operations of other processes as described herein. Memories 242 and 282 may store data and program codes for base station 110 and UE 120, respectively. In some aspects, memory 242 and / or memory 282 may include: a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions (e.g., code and / or program code) for wireless communication. For example, the one or more instructions, when executed (e.g., directly, or after compilation, conversion, and / or interpretation) by one or more processors of base station 110 and / or UE 120, may cause the one or more processors, UE 120, and / or base station 110 to perform or direct, for example Fig. 9 The process of 900 Fig.10 In some aspects, executing instructions may include running instructions, converting instructions, compiling instructions, and / or interpreting instructions, among other aspects.

[0055] although Figure 2 The blocks in the 200 and 210 are illustrated as different components, but the functions described above with respect to these blocks may be implemented with a single hardware, software, or combined component or various combinations of components. For example, the functions described with respect to the transmit processor 264, the receive processor 258, and / or the TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control of the controller / processor 280.

[0056] As indicated above, Figure 2 are provided as examples. Other examples may differ from those described in Figure 2 Examples described.

[0057] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an example 300 of using beams for communication between a base station and a UE according to various aspects of the present disclosure. Figure 3 As shown in , base station 110 and UE 120 may communicate with each other.

[0058] Base station 110 may transmit to UE 120 located within the coverage area of ​​base station 110. Base station 110 and UE 120 may be configured for beamformed communication, wherein base station 110 may transmit in the direction of UE 120 using a directional BS transmit beam, and UE 120 may receive the transmission using a directional UE receive beam. Each BS transmit beam may have an associated beam ID, beam direction, or beam symbol, etc. Base station 110 may transmit downlink communications via one or more BS transmit beams 305.

[0059] UE 120 may attempt to receive downlink transmissions via one or more UE receive beams 310, which may be configured using different beamforming parameters at the receive circuitry of UE 120. UE 120 may identify specific BS transmit beams 305 (shown as BS transmit beam 305-A) and specific UE receive beams 310 (shown as UE receive beam 310-A) that provide relatively good performance (e.g., having the best channel quality among different measured combinations of BS transmit beams 305 and UE receive beams 310). In some examples, UE 120 may transmit an indication of which BS transmit beam 305 UE 120 identified as a preferred BS transmit beam, which base station 110 may select for transmission to UE 120. Thus, UE 120 can obtain and maintain a beam pair link (BPL) with base station 110 for downlink communications (e.g., a combination of BS transmit beam 305-A and UE receive beam 310-A), which can be further improved and maintained according to one or more established beam improvement procedures.

[0060] A downlink beam such as a BS transmit beam 305 or a UE receive beam 310 may be associated with a transmission configuration indication (TCI) state. The TCI state may indicate a directionality or characteristic of the downlink beam, such as one or more QCL attributes of the downlink beam. The QCL attributes may include, for example, Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, or spatial reception parameters, etc. In some examples, each BS transmit beam 305 may be associated with a synchronization signal block (SSB), and the UE 120 may indicate a preferred BS transmit beam 305 by transmitting an uplink transmission in the resources of the SSB associated with the preferred BS transmit beam 305. A specific SSB may have an associated TCI state (e.g., for an antenna port or for beamforming). In some examples, the base station 110 may indicate a downlink BS transmit beam 305 based at least in part on the antenna port QCL attributes that may be indicated by the TCI state. For different QCL types (e.g., QCL types for different combinations of Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, or spatial reception parameters, etc.), the TCI state can be associated with a set of downlink reference signals (e.g., SSB, and aperiodic, periodic, or semi-persistent channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)). In the case where the QCL type indicates spatial reception parameters, the QCL type can correspond to simulated receive beamforming parameters of the UE receive beam 310 at the UE 120. Therefore, the UE 120 can select the corresponding UE receive beam 310 from the BPL set based at least in part on the base station 110 indicating the BS transmit beam 305 via the TCI indication.

[0061] The base station 110 may maintain an activated TCI state set for downlink shared channel transmission and an activated TCI state set for downlink control channel transmission. The activated TCI state set for downlink shared channel transmission may correspond to a beam used by the base station 110 for downlink transmission on a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH). The activated TCI state set for downlink control channel communication may correspond to a beam that the base station 110 may use for downlink transmission on a physical downlink control channel (PDSCH) or in a control resource set (CORESET). The UE 120 may also maintain an activated TCI state set for receiving downlink shared channel transmission and CORESET transmission. If a TCI state is activated for the UE 120, the UE 120 may have one or more antenna configurations based at least in part on the TCI state, and the UE 120 may not have to reconfigure antennas or antenna weighting configurations. In some examples, a set of activated TCI states (e.g., activated PDSCH TCI states and activated CORESET TCI states) for UE 120 may be configured via a configuration message, such as a radio resource control (RRC) message.

[0062] Similarly, for uplink communications, UE 120 may transmit in the direction of base station 110 using a directional UE transmit beam, and base station 110 may receive the transmission using a directional BS receive beam. Each UE transmit beam may have an associated uplink beam ID, beam direction, or beam symbol, etc. UE 120 may transmit uplink communications via one or more UE transmit beams 315.

[0063] Base station 110 may receive uplink communications via one or more BS receive beams 320. Base station 110 may identify specific UE transmit beams 315 (shown as UE transmit beam 315-A) and specific BS receive beams 320 (shown as BS receive beam 320-A) that provide relatively good performance (e.g., having the best channel quality among different measured combinations of UE transmit beams 315 and BS receive beams 320). In some examples, base station 110 may transmit an indication of which UE transmit beam 315 base station 110 identifies as a preferred UE transmit beam, which base station 110 may select for transmissions from UE 120. Thus, UE 120 and base station 110 may obtain and maintain a BPL for uplink communications (e.g., a combination of UE transmit beam 315-A and BS receive beam 320-A), which may be further refined and maintained according to one or more established beam refinement procedures. An uplink beam, such as UE transmit beam 315 or BS receive beam 320, may be associated with a spatial relationship. The spatial relationship may indicate a directionality or characteristic of the uplink beam, similar to one or more QCL properties described above.

[0064] As indicated above, Figure 3 are provided as examples. Other examples may differ from those described herein. Figure 3 Examples described.

[0065] Regulatory or other guidelines may impose radiated energy limits, such as maximum permissible exposure (MPE) limits for devices (such as UEs) transmitting wireless signals. For example, a UE may be associated with a threshold that defines a limit on the intensity of a radio frequency (RF) field or radiation toward a user. When the UE complies with an MPE condition (which may, for example, be a threshold that provides compliance with the UE's MPE limit), a downlink beam may be suitable for use by the UE for communication with a base station, but use of the uplink beam may not be permitted because a corresponding uplink beam in the same reciprocal beam pair satisfies the MPE condition. In such a situation, the UE may move to an updated uplink beam that does not satisfy the MPE condition to continue communicating with the base station.

[0066] The base station may not know which UE beams create an MPE condition at the UE. Therefore, it may be difficult for the base station to configure a transmit beam set for the UE that does not violate the MPE requirement. In addition, a beam that transmits at a lower power level or transmits less frequently may not meet the MPE condition, but when transmitted at a higher power level or transmitted more frequently, the beam may meet the MPE condition. Therefore, the binary approach of completely deactivating a beam due to an MPE condition may be inefficient and may leave room for further improvements in beam management within the MPE limits.

[0067] Some techniques and devices described herein provide duty cycle signaling for one or more transmit beams of a UE. For example, the UE may determine that a beam or a set of beams satisfies an MPE condition, and may determine a duty cycle for the beam or beam set that reduces an exposure value so that the beam or beam set no longer satisfies the MPE condition. In some aspects, in addition to the duty cycle value, the UE may also signal information associated with one or more transmit beams, such as a maximum power reduction value, a maximum output power value, a power headroom value, and the like. The UE may perform this signaling for a single beam or a group of beams. In this way, the radiated energy of the transmit beam may be reduced to comply with the MPE limit so that the transmit beam can continue to be used. This, in turn, improves the utilization of the UE's transmission resources and reduces the transmission exposure of the UE's users.

[0068] Figure 4 4 is a diagram of an example 400 of signaling associated with reporting per-beam duty cycle in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. As shown, example 400 includes UE 120 and BS 110.

[0069] As indicated by reference numeral 410, in some aspects, BS 110 may transmit information identifying a beam set for which a corresponding duty cycle is to be reported to UE 120. In some aspects, UE 120 may be configured (e.g., configured radio resource control (RRC), etc.) with a beam set for which a duty cycle is to be reported. This beam set may be referred to herein as q0. In some aspects, the information indicated by reference numeral 410 may explicitly identify the beam set. For example, the information may indicate an uplink beam identifier (ID) (e.g., a sounding reference signal resource indicator (SRI) of a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) spatial relation ID, or a sounding reference signal (SRS) spatial relation reference signal (RS)), a spatial RS ID (e.g., a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resource ID or a synchronization signal block (SSB) ID), an uplink resource ID (e.g., a PUCCH / SRS resource ID or an SRS resource set ID), etc. In some aspects, the information shown by reference numeral 410 may implicitly identify the beam set.

[0070] As indicated by reference numeral 420, UE 120 may determine an MPE condition. The MPE condition may be related to one or more transmit beams generated by UE 120. For example, UE 120 may determine a threshold associated with the MPE condition. The threshold may be related to, for example, total radiated power, maximum output power, effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP), radiated power on a single beam, radiated power on a beam directed toward a user of UE 120, and the like. If a threshold is met with respect to a beam (e.g., for a given time window), the beam may exceed the MPE limit.

[0071] As indicated by reference numeral 430, the UE 120 may determine one or more duty cycles based at least in part on the MPE condition. The duty cycle value may identify a threshold for transmission on the corresponding beam. For example, a duty cycle value of 60% may indicate that the corresponding beam may be transmitted for no more than 60% of the time. As another example, a duty cycle value of 60% may indicate that if the duty cycle value of the beam is exceeded (e.g., if the beam is used for transmission for more than 60% of the time), the UE 120 may apply a maximum output power reduction to the beam. In some aspects, the UE 120 may determine the maximum output power reduction value based at least in part on the MPE condition. In some aspects, the UE 120 may determine one or more duty cycles and / or maximum output power reduction values ​​based at least in part on the configured UE maximum output power. For example, the UE 120 may determine one or more duty cycles and / or maximum output power reduction values ​​based at least in part on the power class of the UE 120 and / or one or more other parameters so that the corresponding measured peak EIRP of the UE 120 is within bounds.

[0072] UE 120 may transmit information indicating one or more duty cycles, as indicated by reference numeral 440. Additionally or alternatively, UE 120 may transmit information indicating a maximum output power reduction value. Figure 5-81 is a diagram illustrating example messaging structures 500, 600, 700, and 800 for beam-specific duty cycle reporting according to various aspects of the present disclosure. In the example messaging structures 500, 600, 700, and 800, "R" indicates a field of one or more reserved bits. The UE may transmit information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​(e.g., maxUplinkDutyCycle) for one or more transmit beams. For example, the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values ​​may be provided in a media access control (MAC) control element (CE), an uplink beam report (e.g., a physical layer uplink beam report), capability information, and the like. In another example, the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values ​​may be reported as uplink control information, such as on a PUCCH. In some aspects, the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values ​​may be periodically reported, for example, based at least in part on a periodicity. In some aspects, the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values ​​may be reported semi-persistently using report activation and deactivation. In some aspects, information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​may be reported aperiodically using a trigger in downlink control information (DCI). In some aspects, information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​may be reported based at least in part on an event. For example, the reporting may be event driven based on higher layers of UE 120.

[0073] “Information indicative of a duty cycle” may be used herein interchangeably with “information indicative of a duty cycle value.” In other words, references to providing information indicative of a duty cycle should be understood to include providing information indicative of a duty cycle value.

[0074] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of per-beam duty cycle reporting according to the present disclosure.For example, information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​may indicate per-beam duty cycle reporting.

[0075] As indicated by reference numeral 510, the per-beam duty cycle report may indicate a duty cycle, such as via a parameter maxUplinkDutyCycle. As indicated by reference numeral 520, information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​may identify a corresponding transmit beam. For example, the information may indicate an uplink beam ID (e.g., SRI for PUSCH, PUCCH spatial relation ID, or SRS spatial relation RS), a spatial RS ID (e.g., a CSI-RS resource ID or SSB ID), an uplink resource ID (e.g., a PUCCH / SRS resource ID or an SRS resource set ID), etc. In some aspects, the example messaging structure 500 may include information indicating a serving cell associated with the duty cycle (e.g., a serving cell identifier, indicated by reference numeral 530), information indicating a bandwidth portion associated with the duty cycle (e.g., a bandwidth portion identifier, indicated by reference numeral 540), etc. Per-beam duty cycle reporting may provide an overhead reduction relative to multi-beam duty cycle reporting if a relatively small amount of duty cycle is to be reported.

[0076] Figure 6An example messaging structure 600 for multi-beam duty cycle reporting according to the present disclosure is shown. As shown by reference numeral 610, the message may indicate the beams from the transmit beam set C0 to C7 to which the message is related. The transmit beam set may be reported using a bitmap, and each bit may correspond to a transmit beam. The bitmap may be configured via RRC signaling, MAC signaling, DCI, etc., so that each beam in the transmit beam set C0 to C7 is mapped to a corresponding bit. When the bit is set to a first value (e.g., 1), the bit may indicate that the message related to the corresponding transmit beam is reported. When the bit is set to a second value (e.g., 0), the bit may indicate that the message related to the corresponding transmit beam is not reported. Here, the beams are C4 (shown by reference numeral 620) and C5 (shown by reference numeral 630), where the bits in the corresponding positions in the bitmap are set to the first value, as indicated by the corresponding shading and dot filling of the corresponding positions in the bitmap. As shown, the message includes corresponding duty cycle values ​​for the beams. For example, as shown by reference numeral 640, a first duty cycle for C4 may be indicated as being in a first position (e.g., based at least in part on C4 being the earliest transmit beam index associated with a bit having a first value), and as shown by reference numeral 650, a second duty cycle for C5 may be in a second position. As further shown, each duty cycle may be associated with one or more reserved bits, which may be used to indicate other information associated with transmit beams C4 and C5. In another example, one or more beam identifiers for the beam set for which corresponding duty cycle values ​​are reported may be explicitly indicated in the report. In some aspects, the example messaging structure 600 may indicate a serving cell identifier associated with a duty cycle report, a bandwidth portion identifier associated with a duty cycle report, and the like.

[0077] Figure 7 An example messaging structure 700 for reporting a maximum output power reduction (sometimes referred to as a power management maximum power reduction and abbreviated as P-MPR) for beam ci in accordance with the present disclosure is shown. Figure 7, the P-MPR is associated with transmit beam C4, as indicated by the bit of the bitmap in the position corresponding to transmit beam C4, shown by reference numeral 710. The P-MPR corresponding to transmit beam C4 is shown by reference numeral 720, and the duty cycle corresponding to transmit beam C4 is shown by reference numeral 730. The maximum output power reduction may enable UE 120 to reduce the output power of the beam so that the beam does not violate the MPE requirement. For example, a larger maximum output power reduction value may more significantly cut the transmit power of the beam than a smaller maximum output power reduction value so that the radiated energy of the beam is less likely to violate the MPE requirement. As another example, a combination of a P-MPR value and a duty cycle value may sufficiently reduce the transmit power of the beam so as not to violate the MPE requirement. For example, if the duty cycle value of the beam is exceeded, UE 120 may apply the P-MPR value to sufficiently reduce the transmit power of the beam so as not to violate the MPE condition. Figure 7 , a field P indicated by reference numeral 740 indicates whether to report a duty cycle value for a corresponding beam. For example, a first value of the field P may indicate reporting a duty cycle value for a corresponding beam (indicated by reference numeral 730), while a second value of the field P may indicate not reporting a duty cycle value for the corresponding beam. In some aspects, the example messaging structure 700 may indicate a serving cell identifier associated with a duty cycle report, a bandwidth portion identifier associated with a duty cycle report, and the like.

[0078] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating an example messaging structure 800 for indicating power headroom and / or maximum output power in accordance with the present disclosure. Figure 8 With respect to transmit beam C4, the reflected beam C4 is shown by reference numeral 810 and indicated by the bit in the bitmap corresponding to transmit beam C4. As shown by reference numeral 820, the example message structure 800 may indicate a power headroom (PH) for beam ci. Figure 8 In the example, beam ci is the transmit beam C4. The PH may be a virtual PH based on a reference transmission of resources related to the reported beam (e.g. Figure 8 ), or it may be the actual PH based on the actual transmission of the resources associated with the reported beam ( Figure 8 ). As shown, the PH may be associated with a field V1, which may be set to a first value when the PH is a virtual PH and a second value when the PH is a real PH. As indicated by reference numeral 830, the example message structure 800 may indicate a maximum output power Pcmax,ci for beam ci. Pcmax may indicate a UE-determined maximum output power for a given beam, carrier, serving cell, bandwidth portion, etc. Figure 8In the example, field P (indicated by reference numeral 840) indicates whether Pcmax,ci is reported if P-MPR ci>0, field P2 (indicated by reference numeral 850) indicates whether P-MPR ci is reported, and field P3 (indicated by reference numeral 860) indicates whether maxUplinkDutyCycle is reported. P-MPR ci and maxUplinkDutyCycle are combined Figure 7 The example messaging structure 800 may enable signaling of various parameters associated with a beam in a single message, which reduces latency associated with signaling the various parameters. In some aspects, the example messaging structure 800 may include a serving cell identifier, a bandwidth portion identifier, and the like.

[0079] Back to Figure 4 , BS 110 may communicate with UE 120 based at least in part on the information indicating one or more duty cycles for the beam set. For example, as shown in reference numeral 450, BS 110 may transmit scheduling information to UE 120, the scheduling information scheduling one or more uplink transmissions for UE 120. In some aspects, the scheduling information may follow the information indicating the one or more duty cycles. For example, the scheduling information may schedule UE 120 to perform one or more uplink transmissions that do not exceed the one or more duty cycles for the corresponding beams. In other aspects, the scheduling information may not follow the information indicating the one or more duty cycles. For example, BS 110 may not consider one or more duty cycles for use in the scheduling information, may ignore one or more duty cycles, and so on.

[0080] As indicated by reference numeral 460, UE 120 may perform one or more uplink transmissions according to one or more duty cycles. For example, one or more uplink transmissions may be on the beam set and may not exceed one or more duty cycles. As another example, if one or more uplink transmissions are scheduled to exceed one or more duty cycles, UE 120 may apply a maximum output power reduction value to the one or more uplink transmissions. In this way, the radiated energy of the transmit beam may be reduced to comply with the MPE limit so that the transmit beam can continue to be used. This, in turn, improves the utilization of the transmission resources of UE 120 and reduces the radiation exposure of the user of UE 120.

[0081] As indicated above, Figure 4-8 is provided as one or more examples. Other examples may differ from the Figure 4-8 Examples described.

[0082] Fig. 99 is a diagram illustrating an example process 900 performed, for example, by a UE in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. Example process 900 is an example in which a UE (eg, UE 120, etc.) performs operations associated with beam-specific duty cycles.

[0083] like Fig. 9 As shown in , in some aspects, process 900 may include determining an MPE condition for one or more transmit beams of a UE (block 910). For example, a UE (e.g., using controller / processor 280, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, MOD 254, antenna 252, etc.) may determine an MPE condition for one or more transmit beams of the UE, as described above.

[0084] like Fig. 9 As further shown in FIG. 9 , in some aspects, process 900 may include, based at least in part on the MPE condition being satisfied, transmitting to a base station information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for the one or more transmit beams (block 920). For example, the UE (e.g., using controller / processor 280, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, MOD 254, antenna 252, etc.) may transmit to a base station information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on the MPE condition, as described above.

[0085] Process 900 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0086] In a first aspect, the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​is transmitted in a medium access control control element.

[0087] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​is transmitted in an uplink beam report.

[0088] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more uplink beam identifiers.

[0089] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more spatial reference signal identifiers.

[0090] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more uplink resource identifiers.

[0091] In a sixth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, process 900 includes receiving radio resource control information identifying a beam set for which a corresponding duty cycle is to be reported, wherein the one or more transmit beams are included in the beam set.

[0092] In a seventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values ​​is provided together with information indicating the one or more transmit beams in a plurality of transmit beams for which the information indicating the one or more duty cycles is provided.

[0093] In an eighth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, process 900 includes providing information indicating one or more maximum output power reduction values ​​for the one or more transmit beams together with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

[0094] In a ninth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects 1 to 8, process 900 includes providing information indicating one or more maximum output power values ​​for the one or more transmit beams together with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

[0095] In a tenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, process 900 includes providing information indicating one or more power headroom values ​​for the one or more transmit beams together with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

[0096] although Fig. 9 An example block diagram of process 900 is shown, but in some aspects, process 900 may include Fig. 9 Additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in the process 900. Additionally or alternatively, two or more blocks of the process 900 may be executed in parallel.

[0097] Fig.10 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1000, performed, for example, by a base station, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. Example process 1000 is an example in which a base station (eg, base station 110, etc.) performs operations associated with beam-specific duty cycles.

[0098] As in Fig.101000, in some aspects, process 1000 may include receiving information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for one or more transmit beams based at least in part on an MPE condition for one or more transmit beams of a UE being satisfied (block 1010). For example, a base station (e.g., using antenna 234, DEMOD 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, controller / processor 240, etc.) may receive information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for one or more transmit beams based at least in part on an MPE condition for one or more transmit beams of a UE being satisfied, as described above.

[0099] like Fig.10 As further shown in FIG. 1 , in some aspects, process 1000 may include communicating with the UE based on the one or more duty cycle values ​​(block 1020). For example, a base station (e.g., using controller / processor 240, transmit processor 220, TX MIMO processor 230, MOD 232, antenna 234, etc.) may communicate with the UE based on the one or more duty cycle values, as described above.

[0100] Process 1000 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0101] In a first aspect, the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​is received in a medium access control control element.

[0102] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​is received in an uplink beam report.

[0103] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more uplink beam identifiers.

[0104] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more spatial reference signal identifiers.

[0105] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more uplink resource identifiers.

[0106] In a sixth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, process 1000 comprises transmitting radio resource control information identifying a beam set for which a corresponding duty cycle is to be reported, wherein the one or more transmit beams are included in the beam set.

[0107] In a seventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values ​​is received together with information indicating the one or more transmit beams among a plurality of transmit beams for which information indicating the one or more duty cycles is provided.

[0108] In an eighth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, process 1000 includes receiving information indicating one or more maximum output power reduction values ​​for the one or more transmit beams together with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

[0109] In a ninth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects 1 to 8, process 1000 includes receiving information indicating one or more maximum output power values ​​for the one or more transmit beams together with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

[0110] In a tenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects 1 to 9, process 1000 includes receiving information indicating one or more power headroom values ​​for the one or more transmit beams together with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

[0111] although Fig.10 An example block diagram of process 1000 is shown, but in some aspects, process 1000 may include Fig.10 Additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in the process 1000. Additionally or alternatively, two or more blocks of the process 1000 may be executed in parallel.

[0112] Fig.11 1 is a block diagram of an example device 1100 for wireless communication according to various aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1100 may be a UE, or the UE may include the device 1100. In some aspects, the device 1100 includes a receiving component 1102 and a transmitting component 1104, which may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, the device 1100 may use the receiving component 1102 and the transmitting component 1104 to communicate with another device 1106 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device). As further shown, the device 1100 may include a determining component 1108 and other examples.

[0113] In some aspects, the device 1100 may be configured to perform Figure 4-8 Additionally or alternatively, the device 1100 may be configured to perform one or more of the processes described herein (such as Fig. 9 In some aspects, the device 1100 and / or Fig.11 One or more components shown in the figure may include the above combination Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, Fig.11 One or more components shown in the above may be combined Figure 2 In one or more components described herein, the components may be implemented in a computer program product. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in the component set may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or codes stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and may be executed by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0114] The receiving component 1102 may receive communications (such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof) from the device 1106. The receiving component 1102 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 1100. In some aspects, the receiving component 1102 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples) on the received communications and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of the device 1106. In some aspects, the receiving component 1102 may include a combination of the above. Figure 2 One or more antennas, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receive processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the described UE.

[0115] The transmission component 1104 may transmit communications (such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof) to the device 1106. In some aspects, one or more other components of the device 1106 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component 1104 for transmission to the device 1106. In some aspects, the transmission component 1104 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to the device 1106. In some aspects, the transmission component 1104 may include a combination of the above. Figure 2 One or more antennas, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof of the described UE. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1104 can be co-located with the receiving component 1102 in a transceiver.

[0116] The determining component 1108 can determine an MPE condition for one or more transmit beams of the UE. The transmitting component 1104 can transmit information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for the one or more transmit beams to a base station based at least in part on the MPE condition. The receiving component 1102 can receive radio resource control information identifying a beam set for which a corresponding duty cycle is to be reported, wherein the one or more transmit beams are included in the beam set.

[0117] Transmitting component 1104 can provide information indicating one or more maximum output power reduction values ​​for the one or more transmit beams along with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

[0118] Transmitting component 1104 can provide information indicating one or more maximum output power values ​​for the one or more transmit beams along with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

[0119] Transmitting component 1104 can provide information indicating one or more power headroom values ​​for the one or more transmit beams along with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

[0120] Fig.11 The number and arrangement of components shown in the figure are provided as examples. In practice, there may be Fig.11 Additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in FIG. Fig.11 Two or more components shown in may be implemented in a single component, or Fig.11 The single component shown in may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Fig.11 The component collection (e.g., one or more components) shown in FIG. 1 may be described as being executed by Fig.11 Another set of components shown in FIG. 1 performs one or more functions.

[0121] Fig.12 1 is a block diagram of an example device 1200 for wireless communication. The device 1200 may be a base station, or a base station may include the device 1200. In some aspects, the device 1200 includes a receiving component 1202 and a transmitting component 1204, which may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, the device 1200 may use the receiving component 1202 and the transmitting component 1204 to communicate with another device 1206 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device). As further shown, the device 1200 may include a scheduling component 1208, among other examples.

[0122] In some aspects, the device 1200 may be configured to perform Figure 4-8 Additionally or alternatively, the device 1200 may be configured to perform one or more of the processes described herein (such as Fig.10 In some aspects, the device 1200 and / or Fig.12 One or more components shown in the figure may include the above combination Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, Fig.12 One or more components shown in the above may be combined Figure 2 In one or more components described herein, the components may be implemented in a computer program product. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in the component set may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or codes stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and may be executed by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0123] The receiving component 1202 may receive communications (such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof) from the device 1206. The receiving component 1202 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 1200. In some aspects, the receiving component 1202 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples) on the received communications and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of the device 1206. In some aspects, the receiving component 1202 may include a combination of the above. Figure 2 One or more antennas, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receive processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the described base stations.

[0124] The transmission component 1204 may transmit communications (such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof) to the device 1206. In some aspects, one or more other components of the device 1206 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component 1204 for transmission to the device 1206. In some aspects, the transmission component 1204 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to the device 1206. In some aspects, the transmission component 1204 may include a combination of the above. Figure 2 One or more antennas, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof of the described base stations. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1204 can be co-located with the receiving component 1202 in a transceiver.

[0125] Receiving component 1202 can receive information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for one or more transmit beams of a UE based at least in part on an MPE condition of the one or more transmit beams. Scheduling component 1208 can communicate with the UE based on the one or more duty cycle values.

[0126] Transmitting component 1204 can transmit radio resource control information identifying a beam set for which a corresponding duty cycle is to be reported, wherein the one or more transmit beams are included in the beam set.

[0127] The receiving component 1202 can receive information indicating one or more maximum output power reduction values ​​for the one or more transmit beams along with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

[0128] The receiving component 1202 can receive information indicating one or more maximum output power values ​​for the one or more transmit beams along with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

[0129] Receiving component 1202 can receive information indicating one or more power headroom values ​​for the one or more transmit beams along with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

[0130] Fig.12 The number and arrangement of components shown in the figure are provided as examples. In practice, there may be Fig.12 Additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in FIG. Fig.12 Two or more components shown in may be implemented in a single component, or Fig.12 The single component shown in may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Fig.12 The component collection (e.g., one or more components) shown in FIG. 1 may be described as being executed by Fig.12 Another set of components shown in FIG. 1 performs one or more functions.

[0131] The following provides an overview of some aspects of the disclosure:

[0132] Aspect 1: A method for performing wireless communications by a user equipment (UE), comprising: determining a maximum permitted exposure (MPE) condition for one or more transmit beams of the UE; and transmitting information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for the one or more transmit beams to a base station based at least in part on the MPE condition.

[0133] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, wherein the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values ​​is transmitted in a media access control control element.

[0134] Aspect 3: A method as described in any of Aspects 1-2, wherein the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values ​​is transmitted in an uplink beam report.

[0135] Aspect 4: The method as described in any of Aspects 1-3, wherein the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more uplink beam identifiers.

[0136] Aspect 5: The method as described in any of aspects 1-4, wherein the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more spatial reference signal identifiers.

[0137] Aspect 6: The method as described in any of aspects 1-5, wherein the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more uplink resource identifiers.

[0138] Aspect 7: The method as described in any of Aspects 1-6 further includes: receiving radio resource control information identifying a beam set for which the corresponding duty cycle is to be reported, wherein the one or more transmit beams are included in the beam set.

[0139] Aspect 8: A method as described in any of Aspects 1-7, wherein the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values ​​is provided together with information indicating the one or more transmit beams among the plurality of transmit beams for which the information indicating the one or more duty cycles is provided.

[0140] Aspect 9: The method as described in any of Aspects 1-8 further includes: providing information indicating one or more maximum output power reduction values ​​for the one or more transmit beams together with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

[0141] Aspect 10: The method as described in any of Aspects 1-9 further includes: providing information indicating one or more maximum output power values ​​for the one or more transmit beams together with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

[0142] Aspect 11: The method as described in any of Aspects 1-10 further includes: providing information indicating one or more power headroom values ​​for the one or more transmit beams together with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

[0143] Aspect 12: A method for performing wireless communications by a base station, comprising: receiving information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for one or more transmit beams of a user equipment (UE) based at least in part on a maximum permitted exposure (MPE) condition for the one or more transmit beams; and communicating with the UE based on the one or more duty cycle values.

[0144] Aspect 13: The method of aspect 12, wherein the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values ​​is received in a medium access control control element.

[0145] Aspect 14: The method as described in any of Aspects 12-13, wherein the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values ​​is received in an uplink beam report.

[0146] Aspect 15: The method of any one of aspects 12-14, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more uplink beam identifiers.

[0147] Aspect 16: The method as described in any of aspects 12-15, wherein the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more spatial reference signal identifiers.

[0148] Aspect 17: The method as described in any of aspects 12-16, wherein the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more uplink resource identifiers.

[0149] Aspect 18: The method as described in any of Aspects 12-17, further comprising: transmitting radio resource control information identifying a beam set for which the corresponding duty cycle is to be reported, wherein the one or more transmit beams are included in the beam set.

[0150] Aspect 19: A method as described in any of Aspects 12-18, wherein the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values ​​is received together with information indicating the one or more transmit beams among the plurality of transmit beams for which the information indicating the one or more duty cycles is provided.

[0151] Aspect 20: The method as described in any of Aspects 12-19 further includes: receiving information indicating one or more maximum output power reduction values ​​for the one or more transmit beams together with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

[0152] Aspect 21: The method as described in any of Aspects 12-20 further includes: receiving information indicating one or more maximum output power values ​​for the one or more transmit beams together with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

[0153] Aspect 22: The method as described in any of Aspects 12-21 further includes: receiving information indicating one or more power headroom values ​​for the one or more transmit beams together with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

[0154] Aspect 23: A device for wireless communication at a device, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the device to perform a method as in one or more of Aspects 1-22.

[0155] Aspect 24: A device for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors being configured to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 1-22.

[0156] Aspect 25: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more aspects of aspects 1-22.

[0157] Aspect 26: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 1-22.

[0158] Aspect 27: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 1-22.

[0159] The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired by practice of the various aspects.

[0160] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be broadly interpreted as a combination of hardware and / or hardware and software. "Software" should be broadly interpreted as meaning instructions, instruction sets, codes, code segments, program codes, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, and / or functions, etc., whether it is described in software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language or other terms. As used herein, processors are implemented with hardware, and / or a combination of hardware and software. It will be obvious that the systems and / or methods described herein can be implemented in different forms of hardware, and / or a combination of hardware and software. The actual dedicated control hardware or software code for implementing these systems and / or methods does not limit various aspects. Thus, the operation and behavior of these systems and / or methods are described herein without reference to specific software codes--it is understood that software and hardware can be designed to implement these systems and / or methods based at least in part on the description herein.

[0161] As used herein, satisfying a threshold may refer to a value being greater than a threshold, greater than or equal to a threshold, less than a threshold, less than or equal to a threshold, equal to a threshold, not equal to a threshold, etc., depending on the context.

[0162] Although specific feature combinations are described in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. In fact, many of these features can be combined in a manner not specifically described in the claims and / or undisclosed in the specification. Although each dependent claim listed below can be directly subordinate to only one claim, the disclosure of various aspects includes that each dependent claim is combined with each other claim in this group of claims. As used herein, the phrase quoting "at least one of" a column of items refers to any combination of these items, including single members. As an example, "at least one of a, b or c" is intended to cover: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc and abc, and any combination with multiple identical elements (for example, aa, aaa, aab, aac, abb, acc, bb, bbb, bbc, cc and ccc, or any other sorting of a, b and c).

[0163] Elements, actions or instructions used herein should not be interpreted as key or necessary unless explicitly described as such. Moreover, as used herein, the articles "one" and "a" are intended to include one or more projects, and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". In addition, as used herein, the article "the" is intended to include one or more projects quoted in conjunction with the article "the", and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". In addition, as used herein, the terms "set (set)" and "group" are intended to include one or more projects (for example, a combination of related items, non-related items, or related items and non-related items), and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". In the occasion of intending to have only one project, the phrase "only one" or similar language is used. Moreover, as used herein, the terms "having", "containing", "including" etc. are intended to be open terms. In addition, the phrase "based on" is intended to mean "based at least in part on", unless otherwise explicitly stated. Furthermore, as used herein, the term "or" when used in a sequence is intended to be inclusive and may be used interchangeably with "and / or" unless explicitly stated otherwise (e.g., when used in conjunction with "either of" or "only one of").

Claims

1. A method for performing wireless communication by a user equipment (UE), comprising: determining that a maximum permitted exposure (MPE) condition for one or more transmit beams of the UE is satisfied such that the MPE condition is exceeded; as well as Based at least in part on the MPE condition being satisfied, information is transmitted to a base station indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for the one or more transmit beams that are reduced in illumination value such that the one or more transmit beams no longer satisfy the MPE condition.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​is transmitted in a medium access control control element.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​is transmitted in an uplink beam report.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more uplink beam identifiers.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more spatial reference signal identifiers.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more uplink resource identifiers.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising: Radio resource control information is received identifying a beam set for which a corresponding duty cycle is to be reported, wherein the one or more transmit beams are included in the beam set.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​is provided together with information indicative of the one or more transmit beams of a plurality of transmit beams for which the information indicative of the one or more duty cycles is provided.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising: Information indicative of one or more maximum output power reduction values ​​for the one or more transmit beams is provided together with the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising: Information indicative of one or more maximum output power values ​​for the one or more transmit beams is provided along with the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values.

11. The method of claim 1, further comprising: Information indicative of one or more power headroom values ​​for the one or more transmit beams is provided along with the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values.

12. A method for performing wireless communication by a base station, comprising: receiving information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for one or more transmit beams of a user equipment (UE), wherein the information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for the one or more transmit beams is received in response to a maximum permitted exposure (MPE) condition for the one or more transmit beams being satisfied such that the MPE condition is exceeded; as well as Communicating with the UE is performed based on the one or more duty cycle values ​​that reduce the illumination value such that the one or more transmit beams no longer satisfy the MPE condition.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​is received in a medium access control control element.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​is received in an uplink beam report.

15. The method of claim 12, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more uplink beam identifiers.

16. The method of claim 12, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more spatial reference signal identifiers.

17. The method of claim 12, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more uplink resource identifiers.

18. The method of claim 12, further comprising: Radio resource control information is transmitted identifying a beam set for which a corresponding duty cycle is to be reported, wherein the one or more transmit beams are included in the beam set.

19. The method of claim 12, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​is received together with information indicative of the one or more transmit beams of a plurality of transmit beams for which the information indicative of the one or more duty cycles is provided.

20. The method of claim 12, further comprising: Information indicative of one or more maximum output power reduction values ​​for the one or more transmit beams is received along with the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values.

21. The method of claim 12, further comprising: Information indicating one or more maximum output power values ​​for the one or more transmit beams is received along with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

22. The method of claim 12, further comprising: Information indicating one or more power headroom values ​​for the one or more transmit beams is received along with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

23. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising: Memory; as well as one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors being configured to: determining that a maximum permitted exposure (MPE) condition for one or more transmit beams of the UE is satisfied such that the MPE condition is exceeded; as well as Based at least in part on the MPE condition being satisfied, information is transmitted to a base station indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for the one or more transmit beams that are reduced in illumination value such that the one or more transmit beams no longer satisfy the MPE condition.

24. The UE of claim 23, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​is transmitted in a medium access control control element.

25. The UE of claim 23, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​is transmitted in an uplink beam report.

26. The UE of claim 23, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more uplink beam identifiers.

27. The UE of claim 23, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more spatial reference signal identifiers.

28. The UE of claim 23, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more uplink resource identifiers.

29. The UE of claim 23, wherein the memory and the one or more processors are further configured to: Radio resource control information is received identifying a beam set for which a corresponding duty cycle is to be reported, wherein the one or more transmit beams are included in the beam set.

30. The UE of claim 23, wherein the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values ​​is provided together with information indicating the one or more transmit beams among a plurality of transmit beams for which the information indicating the one or more duty cycles is provided.

31. The UE of claim 23, wherein the memory and the one or more processors are further configured to: Information indicative of one or more maximum output power reduction values ​​for the one or more transmit beams is provided together with the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values.

32. The UE of claim 23, wherein the memory and the one or more processors are further configured to: Information indicative of one or more maximum output power values ​​for the one or more transmit beams is provided along with the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values.

33. The UE of claim 23, wherein the memory and the one or more processors are further configured to: Information indicative of one or more power headroom values ​​for the one or more transmit beams is provided along with the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values.

34. A base station for wireless communication, comprising: Memory; as well as one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors being configured to: receiving information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for one or more transmit beams of a user equipment (UE), wherein the information indicating one or more duty cycle values ​​for the one or more transmit beams is received in response to a maximum permitted exposure (MPE) condition for the one or more transmit beams being satisfied such that the MPE condition is exceeded; as well as Communicating with the UE is performed based on the one or more duty cycle values ​​that reduce the illumination value such that the one or more transmit beams no longer satisfy the MPE condition.

35. The base station of claim 34, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​is received in a medium access control control element.

36. The base station of claim 34, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​is received in an uplink beam report.

37. The base station of claim 34, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more uplink beam identifiers.

38. The base station of claim 34, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more spatial reference signal identifiers.

39. The base station of claim 34, wherein the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values ​​identifies the one or more transmit beams based at least in part on one or more uplink resource identifiers.

40. The base station of claim 34, wherein the memory and the one or more processors are further configured to: Radio resource control information is transmitted identifying a beam set for which a corresponding duty cycle is to be reported, wherein the one or more transmit beams are included in the beam set.

41. The base station of claim 34, wherein the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values ​​is received together with information indicating the one or more transmit beams among a plurality of transmit beams for which the information indicating the one or more duty cycles is provided.

42. The base station of claim 34, wherein the memory and the one or more processors are further configured to: Information indicative of one or more maximum output power reduction values ​​for the one or more transmit beams is received along with the information indicative of the one or more duty cycle values.

43. The base station of claim 34, wherein the memory and the one or more processors are further configured to: Information indicating one or more maximum output power values ​​for the one or more transmit beams is received along with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

44. The base station of claim 34, wherein the memory and the one or more processors are further configured to: Information indicating one or more power headroom values ​​for the one or more transmit beams is received along with the information indicating the one or more duty cycle values.

45. A device for wireless communication, comprising: Apparatus for performing the method according to any one of claims 1-22.

46. ​​A non-transitory computer readable medium having program code recorded thereon, wherein the program code, when executed by at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-22.

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