Three-degree-of-freedom wind tunnel model drive

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of experimental fluid mechanics, and discloses a three-degree-of-freedom wind tunnel model driving device which comprises a bottom plate, a sleeve rod is rotationally connected to the bottom plate, a thin shaft is rotationally connected in the sleeve rod, a rolling driving assembly for driving the thin shaft is fixedly installed on the sleeve rod through a support, a yaw driving mechanism for driving the sleeve rod is installed on the bottom plate, a П-shaped seat is welded below the sleeve rod, a rotating rod extending into the П-shaped seat at one end is rotationally connected outside the П-shaped seat, a pitching mechanism located in the П-shaped seat is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating rod, and a three-stage gear transmission assembly for driving the rotating rod is arranged at the other end of the thin shaft. The three-degree-of-freedom wind tunnel model driving device adopts a delicate rigid design, can quickly change three attitude angles of a model in a wind tunnel measurement experiment, can carry out a wind tunnel dynamic model experiment, and can guarantee high bearing performance and transmission precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of experimental fluid mechanics, specifically to a three-degree-of-freedom wind tunnel model drive device. Background Technology

[0002] Wind tunnel experiments are an indispensable experimental research method in fields such as aerospace and bionics. In order to study the aerodynamic and flow characteristics of aircraft or bionic research objects under different environments and motion modes, it is necessary to design corresponding experimental motion platform mechanisms according to the motion of the experimental object and the size of the wind tunnel. The platform dynamically simulates the position and attitude required by the model during the wind tunnel experiment.

[0003] Currently, research and design of such motion platform mechanisms for wind tunnel testing, both domestically and internationally, are still in the exploratory stage. Existing devices all have certain limitations: from the perspective of experimental research content, most current testing mechanisms are designed for steady motion, used for static flow field observation of aircraft or wings, with few designs for dynamic testing devices for unsteady motion. From the perspective of the device's degrees of freedom, on the one hand, most current wind tunnel testing mechanisms are single-degree-of-freedom or two-degree-of-freedom, generally only able to exhibit the coupling of two motions; on the other hand, for the few motion devices that can simultaneously change three attitudes, the structure is generally bulky and the operating speed is slow, only suitable for static experiments and unable to dynamically and quickly change the model's attitude angle. One existing solution is to use a tensioned wire drive support and control method. However, the tensioned wire motion mechanism has some unavoidable problems for special applications like wind tunnel experiments, such as poor load-bearing capacity and low transmission accuracy. Therefore, a three-degree-of-freedom wind tunnel model drive device is proposed to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a three-degree-of-freedom wind tunnel model driving device that adopts a sophisticated rigid design, can quickly change the three attitude angles of the model in wind tunnel measurement experiments, conduct wind tunnel dynamic model experiments, and at the same time ensure high load-bearing performance and transmission accuracy.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0008] A three-degree-of-freedom wind tunnel model driving device includes a base plate, a sleeve rod rotatably connected to the base plate, a thin shaft rotatably connected inside the sleeve rod, a roll drive assembly for driving the thin shaft fixedly mounted on the sleeve rod via a bracket, a yaw drive mechanism for driving the sleeve rod mounted on the base plate, a П-shaped seat welded below the sleeve rod, a rotating rod rotatably connected to the outside of the П-shaped seat with one end extending into the П-shaped seat, a pitch motion mechanism located inside the П-shaped seat fixedly mounted at the end of the rotating rod, and a three-stage gear transmission assembly for driving the rotating rod provided at the other end of the thin shaft.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0010] Preferably, the sleeve is hollow, and a through hole is provided on the bottom plate. The sleeve is installed on the inner side of the through hole through a first bearing, and a thin shaft is installed on the inner side of the sleeve through a second bearing.

[0011] Preferably, the yaw drive mechanism includes a vertical plate, a vertical plate is fixedly installed on the base plate, a first servo motor is fixedly installed on the side of the vertical plate near the sleeve rod, a first drive gear is installed on the rotating shaft of the first servo motor through a coupling, and a second drive gear meshing with the first drive gear is fixedly installed on the sleeve rod.

[0012] Preferably, the pitch motion mechanism includes a mounting base, with a mounting seat fixedly installed at the end of the rotating rod inside a П-shaped base. A second servo motor is fixedly installed on the mounting base, and a U-shaped support base is fixedly installed on the mounting base. A drive shaft with one end passing through and extending to the outside of the U-shaped support base is fixedly installed at the output end of the second servo motor. A simulated wing is fixedly installed at the other end of the drive shaft. A force sensor is installed on the drive shaft via a flange. A third limit sensor probe is fixedly installed on the inner side of the U-shaped support base. A third limit sensor sensing ring is fixedly installed on the drive shaft, and the detection end of the third limit sensor probe is aligned with the outside of the third limit sensor sensing ring.

[0013] Preferably, the three-stage gear transmission assembly includes a first bevel gear, a first bevel gear mounted on the end of a thin shaft away from the rolling drive assembly, a short shaft rotatably connected to the right side of the П-shaped seat with one end penetrating and extending to the inside of the П-shaped seat, a second bevel gear fixedly mounted on the end of the short shaft near the first bevel gear, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear meshing with each other, a third drive gear fixedly mounted on the outside of the short shaft, a fourth drive gear meshing with the third drive gear rotatably connected to the outside of the П-shaped seat, and a fifth drive gear meshing with the fourth drive gear fixedly mounted on the rotating rod.

[0014] Preferably, the П-shaped seat is welded with a protective cover located outside the third drive gear, the fourth drive gear, and the fifth drive gear.

[0015] Preferably, a first limit sensor sensing ring is fixedly installed on the sleeve rod, the first limit sensor sensing ring is located below the base plate, and a first limit sensor probe is fixedly installed below the base plate, with the detection end of the first limit sensor probe aligned with the outer side of the first limit sensor sensing ring.

[0016] Preferably, a stabilizing rod with one end penetrating through and extending to the outside of the П-shaped base is fixedly installed on the side of the second servo motor away from the rotating rod. A second limit sensor sensing ring is installed on the stabilizing rod, and a second limit sensor probe is fixedly installed on the outside of the П-shaped base. The detection end of the second limit sensor probe is aligned with the outside of the second limit sensor sensing ring.

[0017] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0019] 1. In this invention, the first servo motor, the roll drive component, and the second servo motor can work independently and can achieve various forms of coupling. The movement of bird flapping wings is mainly divided into four types: flapping, sweeping, torsion, and spanwise folding. At present, due to the limitation of the degrees of freedom of experimental devices, the study of the macroscopic motion characteristics of bird flapping wings is mostly based on CFD simulation, and experimental research is limited to single or two degrees of freedom motion modes. However, this device can easily achieve the coupling of various motions of bird wings under real conditions, including three-degree-of-freedom coupling of rotation, flapping torsion, and flapping sweeping. It can simulate the real motion state of bird wings under various flight conditions of different bird species, which is convenient for studying the flow field and vortex distribution on the surface of bird wings in combination with fluid dynamics experiments.

[0020] 2. The three-degree-of-freedom wind tunnel experimental mechanism and its application method provided by the present invention use servo motors for precise control, with a motion angle error of less than 0.1 degrees. The servo motors have strong torque output capability and high force transmission efficiency, making them suitable for unsteady flow conditions under a wider range of Reynolds numbers, obtaining more accurate experimental data, and making the fluid experiment results more reliable. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the П-shaped base and the pitching motion mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the П-type seat and the three-stage gear transmission assembly of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection between the base plate and the through hole of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Sleeve rod; 3. Thin shaft; 4. Roll drive assembly; 5. Yaw drive mechanism; 51. Vertical plate; 52. First servo motor; 53. First drive gear; 54. Second drive gear; 6. Rotating rod; 7. Pitch motion mechanism; 71. Mounting base; 72. Second servo motor; 73. U-shaped support base; 74. Transmission shaft; 75. Simulated wing; 76. Force sensor; 77. Third limit sensor probe; 78. Third limit sensor sensing ring; 8. Three-stage gear transmission assembly; 81. First bevel gear; 82. Short shaft; 83. Second bevel gear; 84. Third drive gear; 85. Fourth drive gear; 86. Fifth drive gear; 9. First limit sensor sensing ring; 10. First limit sensor probe; 11. Second limit sensor sensing ring; 12. Second limit sensor probe; 13. П-shaped base. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In the embodiments, by Figure 1-4 A three-degree-of-freedom wind tunnel model driving device is provided, comprising a base plate 1, a sleeve rod 2 rotatably connected to the base plate 1, a thin shaft 3 rotatably connected inside the sleeve rod 2, a rolling drive assembly 4 for driving the thin shaft 3 fixedly mounted on the sleeve rod 2 via a bracket, the rolling drive assembly 4 including a high-precision servo motor and a reducer, the bracket fixedly connected to the outside of the sleeve rod 2, the high-precision servo motor fixedly mounted on the bracket, the high-precision servo motor connected to the thin shaft 3 via the reducer, a yaw drive mechanism 5 for driving the sleeve rod 2 mounted on the base plate 1, a Π-shaped seat 13 welded below the sleeve rod 2, and an end extending into the Π-shaped seat 13 rotatably connected to the outside of the Π-shaped seat 13. The rotating rod 6 has a mounting hole on the outside of the П-shaped seat 13. The rotating rod 6 is mounted on the inside of the mounting hole through a third bearing. The end of the rotating rod 6 is fixedly mounted with a pitch motion mechanism 7 located in the П-shaped seat 13. The other end of the thin shaft 3 is provided with a three-stage gear transmission assembly 8 for driving the rotating rod 6. The end of the thin shaft 3 away from the roll drive assembly 4 passes through and extends to the inside of the П-shaped seat 13. The roll drive assembly 4, the first servo motor 52, the second servo motor 72, the first limit sensor sensing ring 9, the first limit sensor probe 10, the second limit sensor sensing ring 11, and the second limit sensor probe 12 are all electrically connected to an external controller.

[0028] Reference Figure 1-4The sleeve rod 2 is hollow, and a through hole is provided on the base plate 1. The sleeve rod 2 is installed on the inner side of the through hole through the first bearing, and the thin shaft 3 is installed on the inner side of the sleeve rod 2 through the second bearing.

[0029] With the above structural design, by limiting the sleeve rod 2, the thin shaft 3 can be placed inside the sleeve rod 2. At the same time, a through hole, a first bearing and a second bearing are also provided. The first bearing can limit the outer side of the sleeve rod 2 to ensure the stability of the sleeve rod when rotating, and the second bearing can limit the thin shaft 3 to ensure that the thin shaft will not shift inside the sleeve rod 2.

[0030] Reference Figure 1-4 The yaw drive mechanism 5 includes a vertical plate 51, which is fixedly installed on the base plate 1. A first servo motor 52 is fixedly installed on the side of the vertical plate 51 near the sleeve rod 2. A first drive gear 53 is installed on the rotating shaft of the first servo motor 52 through a coupling. A second drive gear 54 that meshes with the first drive gear 53 is fixedly installed on the sleeve rod 2.

[0031] With the above structural setup, the position of the first servo motor 52 can be limited by the vertical plate 51. The first servo motor 52 drives the first drive gear 53 to rotate. Under the mutual meshing of the first drive gear 53 and the second drive gear 54, the sleeve rod 2 can be driven to rotate, thereby completing the yaw motion, which can drive the entire П-shaped seat 13 to perform a "horizontal rotation" motion.

[0032] Reference Figure 1-4 The pitch motion mechanism 7 includes a mounting base 71. The end of the rotating rod 6 is fixedly mounted with the mounting base 71 located in the П-shaped base 13. A second servo motor 72 is fixedly mounted on the mounting base 71. A U-shaped support base 73 is fixedly mounted on the mounting base 71. A drive shaft 74 with one end passing through and extending to the outside of the U-shaped support base 73 is fixedly mounted on the output end of the second servo motor 72. A simulated wing 75 is fixedly mounted on the other end of the drive shaft 74. A force sensor 76 is mounted on the drive shaft 74 through a flange. A third limit sensor probe 77 is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the U-shaped support base 73. A third limit sensor sensing ring 78 is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 74. The detection end of the third limit sensor probe 77 is aligned with the outside of the third limit sensor sensing ring 78. The third limit sensor probe 77 and the third limit sensor sensing ring 78 are combined to form a limit sensor.

[0033] With the above-mentioned structural setup, the simulated wing 75 is driven to rotate by the second servo motor 72, thereby performing torsional motion. At the same time, the force sensor 76 can detect the torque during rotation. In conjunction with the use of the third limit sensor probe 77 and the third limit sensor sensing ring 78, the rotation angle of the rotary drive shaft 74 can be limited.

[0034] Reference Figure 1-4 The three-stage gear transmission assembly 8 includes a first bevel gear 81. The first bevel gear 81 is mounted on the end of the thin shaft 3 away from the rolling drive assembly 4. The first bevel gear 81 and the thin shaft 3 are fixed together by welding. A short shaft 82 with one end penetrating through and extending to the inside of the П-shaped seat 13 is rotatably connected to the right side of the П-shaped seat 13. A second bevel gear 83 is fixedly mounted on the end of the short shaft 82 near the first bevel gear 81. The first bevel gear 81 and the second bevel gear 83 mesh with each other. A third drive gear 84 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the short shaft 82. A fourth drive gear 85 that meshes with the third drive gear 84 is rotatably connected to the outside of the П-shaped seat 13. The fourth drive gear 85 is rotatably connected to the outside of the П-shaped seat 13 through a round rod. A fifth drive gear 86 that meshes with the fourth drive gear 85 is fixedly mounted on the rotating rod 6.

[0035] With the above structural configuration, the short shaft 82 can be rotated by the meshing of the first bevel gear 81 and the second bevel gear 83. The short shaft 82 drives the third drive gear 84 to rotate. Under the meshing of the third drive gear 84 with the fourth drive gear 85 and the fifth drive gear 86, the rotating rod 6 can be rotated, thereby driving the simulated wing 75 to pitch.

[0036] Reference Figure 1-4 Among them, the outer side of the П-type seat 13 is welded with a protective cover located on the outside of the third drive gear 84, the fourth drive gear 85 and the fifth drive gear 86;

[0037] With the above-described structure, a protective cover is provided to protect the third drive gear 84, the fourth drive gear 85, and the fifth drive gear 86, preventing them from being exposed and thus ensuring safety during simulation.

[0038] Reference Figure 1-4 The first limit sensor sensing ring 9 is fixedly installed on the sleeve rod 2. The first limit sensor sensing ring 9 is located below the base plate 1. The first limit sensor probe 10 is fixedly installed below the base plate 1. The detection end of the first limit sensor probe 10 is aligned with the outside of the first limit sensor sensing ring 9.

[0039] With the above-mentioned structural configuration, by setting the first limit sensor sensing ring 9 and the first limit sensor probe 10, the rotation angle range of the sleeve rod 2 can be limited, and the output torque of the sleeve rod 2 can also be obtained.

[0040] Reference Figure 1-4In this case, a stabilizing rod with one end penetrating through and extending to the outside of the П-shaped seat 13 is fixedly installed on the side of the second servo motor 72 away from the rotating rod 6. A second limit sensor sensing ring 11 is installed on the stabilizing rod. A second limit sensor probe 12 is fixedly installed on the outside of the П-shaped seat 13. The detection end of the second limit sensor probe 12 is aligned with the outside of the second limit sensor sensing ring 11.

[0041] With the above-mentioned structural configuration, including the second limit sensor sensing ring 11 and the second limit sensor probe 12, the rotation angle range of the stabilizer bar can be limited and the output torque of the stabilizer bar can be obtained. At the same time, the stabilizer bar can ensure that the second servo motor 72 rotates more smoothly and can support the side of the second servo motor 72 away from the rotating rod 6.

[0042] Working principle:

[0043] Implementation steps for innovation:

[0044] Step 1: During the experiment, the first servo motor 52 can be started. The first servo motor 52 drives the first drive gear 53 to rotate. Under the mutual meshing of the first drive gear 53 and the second drive gear 54, the sleeve rod 2 can be driven to rotate. The sleeve rod 2 can eventually drive the П-shaped seat 13 to perform a "horizontal rotation" movement. At the same time, with the cooperation of the first limit sensor sensing ring 9 and the first limit sensor probe 10, the rotation angle of the sleeve rod 2 can be limited.

[0045] Step 2: During the experiment, the thin shaft 3 can be rotated by the rolling drive assembly 4. In this way, the short shaft 82 can be rotated by the meshing of the first bevel gear 81 and the second bevel gear 83. The short shaft 82 can drive the third drive gear 84 to rotate. The rotating rod 6 can be rotated by the meshing of the third drive gear 84, the fourth drive gear 85 and the fifth drive gear 86. The rotating rod 6 can drive the second servo motor 72 to perform pitch motion. During the rotation of the second servo motor 72, the stabilizer rod can be rotated. At the same time, with the use of the second limit sensor sensing ring 11 and the second limit sensor probe 12, the flapping amplitude of the stabilizer rod can be limited.

[0046] Step 3: During the experiment, the second servo motor 72 can be started. The second servo motor 72 drives the simulated wing 75 to rotate, thereby performing torsional motion. At the same time, the force sensor 76 can detect the torque during rotation. In conjunction with the use of the third limit sensor probe 77 and the third limit sensor sensing ring 78, the rotation angle of the drive shaft 74 can be limited.

[0047] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0048] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A three-degree-of-freedom wind tunnel model drive device comprising a base plate (1), characterized in that: A sleeve rod (2) is rotatably connected to the base plate (1), and a thin shaft (3) is rotatably connected inside the sleeve rod (2). A rolling drive assembly (4) for driving the thin shaft (3) is fixedly installed on the sleeve rod (2) by a bracket. A yaw drive mechanism (5) for driving the sleeve rod (2) is installed on the base plate (1). A П-shaped seat (13) is welded below the sleeve rod (2). A rotating rod (6) with one end extending into the П-shaped seat (13) is rotatably connected to the outside of the П-shaped seat (13). A pitch motion mechanism (7) located in the П-shaped seat (13) is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating rod (6). A three-stage gear transmission assembly (8) for driving the rotating rod (6) is provided at the other end of the thin shaft (3). The pitch motion mechanism (7) includes a mounting base (71). A three-stage gear transmission assembly (8) located in the П-shaped seat is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating rod (6). (13) The mounting base (71) is fixedly mounted with a second servo motor (72) and a U-shaped support base (73). The output end of the second servo motor (72) is fixedly mounted with a drive shaft (74) that extends through and outwards from the U-shaped support base (73). The other end of the drive shaft (74) is fixedly mounted with a simulated wing (75). A force sensor (76) is mounted on the drive shaft (74) via a flange. A third limit sensor probe (77) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the U-shaped support base (73). A third limit sensor sensing ring (78) is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft (74). The detection end of the third limit sensor probe (77) is aligned with the outer side of the third limit sensor sensing ring (78).

2. The three-degree-of-freedom wind tunnel model driving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve (2) is hollow, and a through hole is provided on the bottom plate (1). The sleeve (2) is installed on the inner side of the through hole through the first bearing, and a thin shaft (3) is installed on the inner side of the sleeve (2) through the second bearing.

3. The three-degree-of-freedom wind tunnel model driving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The yaw drive mechanism (5) includes a vertical plate (51), a vertical plate (51) is fixedly installed on the base plate (1), a first servo motor (52) is fixedly installed on the side of the vertical plate (51) near the sleeve rod (2), a first drive gear (53) is installed on the rotating shaft of the first servo motor (52) through a coupling, and a second drive gear (54) that meshes with the first drive gear (53) is fixedly installed on the sleeve rod (2).

4. A three degree of freedom wind tunnel model drive unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The three-stage gear transmission assembly (8) includes a first bevel gear (81), a thin shaft (3) with the first bevel gear (81) mounted at one end away from the rolling drive assembly (4), a short shaft (82) with one end penetrating and extending to the inside of the П-shaped seat (13) is rotatably connected to the right side of the П-shaped seat (13), a second bevel gear (83) is fixedly mounted at one end of the short shaft (82) near the first bevel gear (81), the first bevel gear (81) and the second bevel gear (83) mesh with each other, a third drive gear (84) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the short shaft (82), a fourth drive gear (85) meshing with the third drive gear (84) is rotatably connected to the outside of the П-shaped seat (13), and a fifth drive gear (86) meshing with the fourth drive gear (85) is fixedly mounted on the rotating rod (6).

5. A three degree of freedom wind tunnel model drive unit according to claim 4, characterised in that: The П-shaped seat (13) is welded with protective covers located on the outside of the third drive gear (84), the fourth drive gear (85) and the fifth drive gear (86).

6. A three degree of freedom wind tunnel model drive unit as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: A first limit sensor sensing ring (9) is fixedly installed on the sleeve rod (2). The first limit sensor sensing ring (9) is located below the base plate (1). A first limit sensor probe (10) is fixedly installed below the base plate (1). The detection end of the first limit sensor probe (10) is aligned with the outside of the first limit sensor sensing ring (9).

7. A three-degree-of-freedom wind tunnel model driving device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second servo motor (72) has a stabilizer rod fixedly installed on the side away from the rotating rod (6), with one end penetrating through and extending to the outside of the П-shaped seat (13). The stabilizer rod is equipped with a second limit sensor sensing ring (11). The outside of the П-shaped seat (13) is fixedly installed with a second limit sensor probe (12). The detection end of the second limit sensor probe (12) is aligned with the outside of the second limit sensor sensing ring (11).

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