A resettable and locked bidirectional buffer for energy absorption

Abstract

The present invention discloses a resettable and lockable bidirectional buffer energy-absorbing buffer, comprising: a shell component, a tension component, a compression component, a honeycomb A, a honeycomb B, a tension locking mechanism and a compression locking mechanism; the tension component, the honeycomb A and the tension locking mechanism are all installed at one end of the shell component, when the buffer is impacted in the tensile direction, the tension component extends out of the shell component and compresses the honeycomb A, when the buffer completes the tensile impact buffering, the tension component is reset and reset and locked by the tension locking mechanism; the compression component, the honeycomb B and the compression locking mechanism are all installed at the other end of the shell component, when the buffer is impacted in the compression direction, the compression component retracts into the shell component and compresses the honeycomb B, when the buffer completes the compression impact buffering, the compression component is partially reset and reset and locked by the compression locking mechanism. The present invention can solve the deformation recovery problem of the passive buffer, has strong buffering performance and reliable reset and locking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of landing buffering, and in particular relates to a resettable and lockable bidirectional buffering energy-absorbing buffer. Background Art

[0002] In the field of landing cushioning technology, active cushioning technologies such as magnetorheological and motor active control cushioning can recover deformation after cushioning, but active cushioning technologies often have complex system composition, relatively poor reliability, are greatly affected by environmental factors, and have low cushioning energy absorption capacity, which is not suitable for application scenarios with large impact energy. Passive cushioning energy absorption technology has the advantages of safety and reliability, small environmental impact, strong cushioning energy absorption capacity, large bearing capacity, and light weight, including aluminum honeycomb, plastic tie rods, lattice materials, etc. However, the deformation of passive cushioning elements after cushioning is irreversible, which will not only further increase the lander's attitude inclination angle due to cushioning deformation and worsen the landing attitude, but also cause uncontrolled reciprocating sliding of the buffer. The lander can no longer move further and can only maintain its position in place, which greatly limits the scope of application and usage scenarios. The inherent potential of the lander, such as strong power supply capacity, large payload capacity, and long service life, has not been fully explored and utilized. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a resettable and lockable bidirectional buffer energy-absorbing buffer, which can restore the buffer to its original length through a reset spring and a locking pin after the honeycomb is deformed and absorbs energy due to impact, thereby solving the deformation recovery problem of the passive buffer. It has strong buffering performance and reliable reset and locking, which provides the prerequisite for the lander to move smoothly and adjust and improve the landing posture.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A resettable and lockable bidirectional buffer energy-absorbing buffer comprises: a shell component, a tension component, a compression component, a honeycomb A, a honeycomb B, a tension locking mechanism and a compression locking mechanism;

[0006] The tension component, honeycomb A and tension locking mechanism are all installed at one end of the shell component. When the buffer is impacted in the tensile direction, the tension component extends out of the shell component and compresses the honeycomb A. When the buffer completes the tensile impact buffering, the tension component is reset and reset and locked by the tension locking mechanism.

[0007] The pressure-bearing component, honeycomb B and pressure-bearing locking mechanism are all installed at the other end of the shell component. When the buffer is impacted in the compression direction, the pressure-bearing component retracts into the shell component and compresses the honeycomb B. When the buffer completes the compression impact buffering, the pressure-bearing component is partially reset and reset and locked by the pressure-bearing locking mechanism.

[0008] Further, the housing assembly includes: a left end cover, a buffer outer cylinder and a right end cover;

[0009] The buffer outer cylinder is a thin-walled cylinder with openings at both ends, and a middle partition is provided in the middle of the buffer outer cylinder to separate the inner cavity of the buffer outer cylinder into a tension cavity and a pressure cavity;

[0010] The left end cover and the right end cover are respectively fixed on the two open ends of the buffer outer tube, and the left end cover and the right end cover are respectively processed with mounting through holes; wherein, the left end cover is located at the end where the tension cavity of the buffer outer tube is located, and the right end cover is located at the end where the pressure cavity of the buffer outer tube is located.

[0011] Furthermore, the tension component comprises: a tension inner cylinder, a tension middle cylinder, a tension return spring and a center rod;

[0012] One end of the tension middle tube is respectively processed with an outward annular boss A and an inward limiting boss, and the other end is coaxially connected with the tension inner tube. The tension middle tube and the tension inner tube constitute a tension tube, and the end of the tension middle tube of the tension tube is coaxially installed in the tension cavity of the buffer outer tube; the end of the tension inner tube of the tension tube extends out of the left end cover and slidably cooperates with the mounting through hole of the left end cover, and the tension tube can move along the axial direction of the buffer outer tube; an annular cavity is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the tension tube, the inner circumferential surface of the buffer outer tube, the annular boss A of the tension middle tube and the left end cover;

[0013] The center rod is a long rod member coaxially located in the tension cylinder. One end of the center rod passes through the end of the tension middle cylinder and is fixed on the middle partition of the buffer outer cylinder. The other end of the center rod is provided with an end face flange. The tension reset spring is located in the tension cylinder and is installed on the outside of the center rod. The two ends of the tension reset spring are respectively supported on the limiting boss at the end of the tension middle cylinder and the end face flange of the center rod. The tension reset spring is in a compressed state. In the initial state, under the action of the restoring force of the tension reset spring, the limiting boss at the end of the tension middle cylinder abuts against the middle partition of the buffer outer cylinder. At this time, the volume of the annular cavity reaches a maximum value, and the annular honeycomb A is filled in the annular cavity with a maximum volume. When the honeycomb A is compressed, it is used to absorb the impact energy of the buffer when it is under tension.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressure-bearing assembly includes: a pressure-bearing inner cylinder, a pressure-bearing middle cylinder and a compression return spring;

[0015] One end of the pressure-bearing middle cylinder is processed with an outward annular boss B, and the other end is coaxially installed in the pressure-bearing inner cylinder. The two are slidably matched, and the pressure-bearing middle cylinder can move along the axial direction of the pressure-bearing inner cylinder. The pressure-bearing middle cylinder and the pressure-bearing inner cylinder constitute a pressure-bearing cylinder, and the pressure-bearing cylinder is coaxially installed in the mounting through hole of the right end cover. The two are slidably matched, and the pressure-bearing cylinder can move along the axial direction of the buffer outer cylinder, and the annular boss B of the pressure-bearing middle cylinder is located in the pressure cavity of the buffer outer cylinder; a cylindrical cavity is formed between the middle partition of the buffer outer cylinder and the end face where the annular boss B of the pressure-bearing middle cylinder is located;

[0016] The compression return spring is installed in the pressure cavity of the buffer outer cylinder and the inner cavity of the pressure middle cylinder, and one end of the compression return spring is fixed on the middle partition of the buffer outer cylinder, and the other end passes through and extends out of the pressure middle cylinder and is fixed on the end of the pressure inner cylinder; the compression return spring is in a compressed state, and in the initial state, under the action of the restoring force of the compression return spring, the annular boss B of the pressure middle cylinder abuts against the right end cover; at this time, the volume of the cylindrical cavity reaches a maximum value, and the annular honeycomb B is filled in the cylindrical cavity with a maximum volume, and is mounted on the outside of the compression return spring. When the honeycomb B is compressed, it is used to absorb the impact energy of the buffer when it is compressed.

[0017] Furthermore, more than two tension locking mechanisms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the tension inner tube; each of the tension locking mechanisms comprises: a locking pin device and a cover plate device;

[0018] The outer circumferential surface of the tension inner cylinder is provided with an annular groove A and a lug;

[0019] The locking pin device comprises a locking pin, a locking pin spring and a latch cap; the latch cap is fixed on the outer end surface of the left end cover, the locking pin is installed in the latch cap, and the axial direction of the locking pin is perpendicular to the axial direction of the tension inner tube; a shaft shoulder is provided at the bottom of the locking pin; the locking pin spring is sleeved on the outside of the locking pin, and one end of the locking pin spring abuts against the latch cap, and the other end abuts against the shaft shoulder of the locking pin; the locking pin spring is in a compressed state, and under the action of the locking pin spring, the bottom of the locking pin can be clamped in the annular groove A on the outer circumferential surface of the tension inner tube to lock the axial position of the tension inner tube after reset;

[0020] The cover plate device is positioned opposite to the locking pin device; the cover plate device includes a limit cover plate, a cover plate torsion spring and a torsion spring shaft; the torsion spring shaft is pinned to the ear piece, one end of the limit cover plate is sleeved on the torsion spring shaft, the limit cover plate can rotate around the axis of the torsion spring shaft, and the other end of the limit cover plate is provided with a step surface; the cover plate torsion spring is sleeved on the outside of the torsion spring shaft, and one end of the cover plate torsion spring is connected to the limit cover plate, and one end of the cover plate torsion spring is connected to the torsion spring shaft; before the buffer works, the end where the step surface of the limit cover plate is located extends into the shoulder of the locking pin, and the step surface of the limit cover plate cooperates with the shoulder of the locking pin to axially limit the locking pin, so as to prevent the bottom of the locking pin from being clamped in the annular groove A on the outer circumferential surface of the tension inner cylinder.

[0021] Furthermore, more than two pressurized locking mechanisms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the pressurized inner cylinder; each of the pressurized locking mechanisms comprises: a locking pin device and a limit pin;

[0022] The outer circumferential surface of the pressure inner cylinder is provided with an annular groove B;

[0023] The locking pin device comprises a locking pin, a locking pin spring and a latch cap; the latch cap is fixed on the outer end surface of the right end cover, the locking pin is installed in the latch cap, and the axial direction of the locking pin is perpendicular to the axial direction of the pressurized inner cylinder; a shaft shoulder is provided at the bottom of the locking pin; the locking pin spring is sleeved on the outside of the locking pin, and one end of the locking pin spring abuts on the latch cap, and the other end abuts on the shaft shoulder of the locking pin; the locking pin spring is in a compressed state, and under the action of the locking pin spring, the bottom of the locking pin can be clamped in the annular groove B on the outer circumferential surface of the pressurized inner cylinder to lock the axial position of the pressurized inner cylinder after reset;

[0024] One end of the limit pin is fixed on the annular boss B of the pressurized middle cylinder, and the other end is provided with a step surface, and the position of the limit pin is opposite to that of the locking pin device; before the buffer works, the end where the step surface of the limit pin is located extends into the shoulder of the locking pin, and the step surface of the limit pin cooperates with the shoulder of the locking pin to axially limit the locking pin, so as to prevent the bottom of the locking pin from being clamped in the annular groove B on the outer circumferential surface of the pressurized inner cylinder.

[0025] Furthermore, the honeycomb A and honeycomb B are both made of plastic materials and cannot be restored after being compressed.

[0026] Beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) The present invention proposes a resettable and lockable bidirectional buffer energy-absorbing buffer. When the buffer is impacted in the tensile direction, the tension component extends out of the shell component and compresses the honeycomb A. After the buffer completes the tensile impact buffering, the tension component is reset and reset and locked by the tension locking mechanism. When the buffer is impacted in the compression direction, the compression component retracts into the shell component and compresses the honeycomb B. After the buffer completes the compression impact buffering, the compression component is partially reset and reset and locked by the compression locking mechanism. The tension component and the compression component can squeeze the honeycomb to absorb energy respectively, playing the role of bidirectional buffering, and the buffer can realize deformation recovery after the tension and compression bidirectional buffering. After any deformation within the allowable range caused by the impact, it can be restored to the initial state, and there is no specific requirement for the buffering stroke.

[0028] (2) The present invention proposes a resettable and lockable bidirectional buffer energy-absorbing buffer, which can realize the deformation recovery of the buffer by using a tension reset spring and a compression reset spring; and the reset of the pressurized buffer is completed by using a three-level sliding fit of a pressurized inner cylinder, a pressurized middle cylinder and a right end cover. The reset method is reliable, simple and easy to implement.

[0029] (3) The present invention proposes a resettable and lockable bidirectional buffer energy-absorbing buffer, wherein the tension locking mechanism includes a locking pin device and a cover plate device, and the compression locking mechanism includes a locking pin device and a limit pin. The limit cover plate is installed on the tension inner tube, and the limit pin is installed on the compression middle tube to limit the locking pin respectively. The limit blockage of the locking pin is released with the buffer movement, and no additional unlocking and releasing power source is required. The product design is optimized and the deformation recovery process is reliable.

[0030] (4) The honeycomb A and honeycomb B of the present invention are both made of plastic materials. After being compressed, the honeycomb A and honeycomb B can absorb the impact energy of the buffer and have the characteristic of strong passive buffering ability.

[0031] To summarize, based on the bidirectional passive buffering, the present invention adopts a reset spring (a tension reset spring and a compression reset spring) and two or more locking pin devices to realize the bidirectional buffering and reset locking of the buffer. The buffer has the advantages of strong passive buffering capacity and little environmental influence, and solves the deformation recovery problem of the passive buffer, which provides the premise and guarantee for the smooth movement of the lander and the adjustment and improvement of the landing posture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the composition of a resettable and locked bidirectional buffer energy-absorbing buffer

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a resettable and lockable bidirectional buffer energy-absorbing buffer

[0034] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the cover device

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the locking pin device

[0036] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the buffer deformation state under tension

[0037] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the buffer's reset state after tensile buffer deformation

[0038] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the buffer deformation state under pressure

[0039] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the reset state of the buffer after compression and buffer deformation

[0040] Among them, 1-left end cover, 2-buffer outer cylinder, 3-right end cover, 4-tension inner cylinder, 5-tension middle cylinder, 6-tension return spring, 7-center rod, 8-honeycomb A, 9-compression inner cylinder, 10-compression middle cylinder, 11-honeycomb B, 12-compression return spring, 13-locking pin device, 14-limiting pin, 15-cover device, 1301-locking pin, 1302-locking pin spring, 1303-pin cap, 1501-limiting cover plate, 1502-cover plate torsion spring, 1503-torsion spring shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] This embodiment provides a resettable and lockable bidirectional buffer energy absorbing buffer, see the attached Figure 1-2 , including: a shell component, a tension component, a compression component, a honeycomb A8, a honeycomb B11, two or more tension locking mechanisms and two or more compression locking mechanisms;

[0043] The housing assembly comprises: a left end cover 1, a buffer outer tube 2, and a right end cover 3;

[0044] The buffer outer cylinder 2 is a thin-walled cylinder with openings at both ends. A middle partition is provided in the middle of the buffer outer cylinder 2 to separate the inner cavity of the buffer outer cylinder 2 into a tension cavity and a pressure cavity.

[0045] The left end cover 1 and the right end cover 3 are respectively fixed on the two open ends of the buffer outer tube 2, and mounting through holes are respectively processed on the left end cover 1 and the right end cover 3; wherein the left end cover 1 is located at the end where the tension cavity of the buffer outer tube 2 is located, and the right end cover 3 is located at the end where the pressure cavity of the buffer outer tube 2 is located;

[0046] The tension component comprises: a tension inner tube 4, a tension middle tube 5, a tension return spring 6 and a center rod 7;

[0047] One end of the tension middle tube 5 is respectively processed with an outward annular boss A and an inward limiting boss, and the other end is coaxially connected with the tension inner tube 4 through a thread (that is, the tension middle tube 5 is provided with an external thread, and the tension inner tube 4 is provided with an internal thread). The tension middle tube 5 and the tension inner tube 4 constitute a tension tube, and the end of the tension middle tube 5 of the tension tube is coaxially installed in the tension cavity of the buffer outer tube 2; the end of the tension inner tube 4 of the tension tube extends out of the left end cover 1 and slidably cooperates with the mounting through hole of the left end cover 1, and the tension tube can move along the axial direction of the buffer outer tube 2; an annular cavity is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the tension tube, the inner circumferential surface of the buffer outer tube 2, the annular boss A of the tension middle tube 5 and the left end cover 1;

[0048] The center rod 7 is a long rod member coaxially located in the tension cylinder. After one end of the center rod 7 passes through the end of the tension middle cylinder 5, it is fixed on the middle partition of the buffer outer cylinder 2. The other end of the center rod 7 is provided with an end face flange, which is used to provide a support surface for the tension reset spring 6; the tension reset spring 6 is located in the tension cylinder and installed on the outside of the center rod 7. The two ends of the tension reset spring 6 are respectively supported on the limiting boss at the end of the tension middle cylinder 5 and the end face flange of the center rod 7. The tension reset spring 6 is in a compressed state. In the initial state, under the action of the restoring force of the tension reset spring 6, the limiting boss at the end of the tension middle cylinder 5 abuts against the middle partition of the buffer outer cylinder 2; at this time, the volume of the annular cavity reaches the maximum value, and the annular honeycomb A8 is filled in the annular cavity with the maximum volume. When the honeycomb A8 is compressed, it is used to absorb the impact energy of the buffer when it is under tension;

[0049] The pressure-bearing assembly comprises: a pressure-bearing inner cylinder 9, a pressure-bearing middle cylinder 10 and a compression return spring 12;

[0050] One end of the pressure-bearing middle cylinder 10 is processed with an outward annular boss B, and the other end is coaxially installed in the pressure-bearing inner cylinder 9, and the two are slidably matched, that is, the pressure-bearing middle cylinder 10 can move along the axial direction of the pressure-bearing inner cylinder 9, and the pressure-bearing middle cylinder 10 and the pressure-bearing inner cylinder 9 form a pressure-bearing cylinder, and the pressure-bearing cylinder is coaxially installed in the mounting through hole of the right end cover 3, and the two are slidably matched, that is, the pressure-bearing cylinder can move along the axial direction of the buffer outer cylinder 2, and the annular boss B of the pressure-bearing middle cylinder 10 is located in the pressure cavity of the buffer outer cylinder 2; a cylindrical cavity is formed between the middle partition of the buffer outer cylinder 2 and the end face where the annular boss B of the pressure-bearing middle cylinder 10 is located;

[0051] The compression return spring 12 is installed in the pressure cavity of the buffer outer cylinder 2 and the inner cavity of the pressure middle cylinder 10, and one end of the compression return spring 12 is fixed on the middle partition of the buffer outer cylinder 2, and the other end passes through and extends out of the pressure middle cylinder 10, and is fixed on the end of the pressure inner cylinder 9; the compression return spring 12 is in a compressed state, and in the initial state, under the action of the restoring force of the compression return spring 12, the annular boss B of the pressure middle cylinder 10 abuts against the right end cover 3; at this time, the volume of the cylindrical cavity reaches the maximum value, and the annular honeycomb B11 is filled in the cylindrical cavity with the maximum volume, and is mounted on the outside of the compression return spring 12. When the honeycomb B11 is compressed, it is used to absorb the impact energy of the buffer when it is compressed;

[0052] Wherein, the honeycomb A8 and honeycomb B11 are both made of plastic materials and cannot be restored after being compressed;

[0053] The outer circumferential surface of the tension inner tube 4 is provided with an annular groove A, which is used to cooperate with two or more tension locking mechanisms to realize locking of the tension inner tube 4 after reset, wherein the two or more tension locking mechanisms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the tension inner tube 4; each of the tension locking mechanisms includes: a locking pin device 13 and a cover plate device 15;

[0054] The locking pin device 13 is fixed on the outer end surface of the left end cover 1. Figure 4 The locking pin device 13 comprises a locking pin 1301, a locking pin spring 1302 and a latch cap 1303; the latch cap 1303 is installed on the reserved position of the outer end surface of the left end cover 1 by means of screws, the locking pin 1301 is installed in the latch cap 1303, and the axial direction of the locking pin 1301 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the tension inner tube 4; the bottom of the locking pin 1301 (i.e., the end close to the tension inner tube 4) is provided with a shoulder; the locking pin spring 1302 is sleeved on the locking pin 13 01, and one end of the lock pin spring 1302 abuts against the latch cap 1303, and the other end abuts against the shoulder of the locking pin 1301; the lock pin spring 1302 is in a compressed state, and the lock pin spring 1302 plays a role in pushing the locking pin 1301 to move, that is, under the action of the lock pin spring 1302, the bottom of the locking pin 1301 can be clamped in the annular groove A on the outer circumferential surface of the tension inner cylinder 4, so as to realize the locking of the axial position of the tension inner cylinder 4 after the reset;

[0055] The outer circumferential surface of the tension inner tube 4 is provided with an ear piece, and the cover plate device 15 is pin-connected with the ear piece, and the position of the cover plate device 15 and the lock pin device 13 are opposite; Figure 3The cover device 15 includes a limit cover 1501, a cover torsion spring 1502 and a torsion spring shaft 1503; the torsion spring shaft 1503 is pinned to the ear piece, one end of the limit cover 1501 is sleeved on the torsion spring shaft 1503, the limit cover 1501 can rotate around the axis of the torsion spring shaft 1503, and the other end of the limit cover 1501 is provided with a step surface; the cover torsion spring 1502 is sleeved on the outside of the torsion spring shaft 1503, and one end of the cover torsion spring 1502 is pinned to the limit The limit cover plate 1501 is connected, and one end of the cover torsion spring 1502 is connected to the torsion spring shaft 1503; at the initial stage, that is, before the buffer works, the end where the step surface of the limit cover plate 1501 is located extends into the shoulder of the locking pin 1301, and the step surface of the limit cover plate 1501 cooperates with the shoulder of the locking pin 1301 to axially limit the locking pin 1301, so as to prevent the bottom of the locking pin 1301 from being clamped in the annular groove A on the outer circumferential surface of the tension inner cylinder 4;

[0056] The outer circumferential surface of the pressure inner cylinder 9 is provided with an annular groove B, which is used to cooperate with two or more pressure locking mechanisms to realize locking of the pressure inner cylinder 9 after reset, wherein the two or more pressure locking mechanisms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the pressure inner cylinder 9; each of the pressure locking mechanisms comprises: a locking pin device 13 and a limit pin 14; wherein the structure of the locking pin device 13 of the pressure locking mechanism is completely the same as that of the locking pin device 13 of the tension locking mechanism;

[0057] The locking pin device 13 is fixed on the outer end surface of the right end cover 3, and the locking pin device 13 includes a locking pin 1301, a locking pin spring 1302 and a latch cap 1303; the latch cap 1303 is installed on the reserved position of the outer end surface of the right end cover 3 by screws, and the locking pin 1301 is installed in the latch cap 1303, and the axial direction of the locking pin 1301 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the pressure inner cylinder 9; the bottom of the locking pin 1301 (i.e., the end close to the pressure inner cylinder 9) is provided with a shaft shoulder; the locking pin spring 13 02 is sleeved on the outside of the locking pin 1301, and one end of the locking pin spring 1302 abuts against the latch cap 1303, and the other end abuts against the shaft shoulder of the locking pin 1301; the locking pin spring 1302 is in a compressed state, and the locking pin spring 1302 plays a role in pushing the locking pin 1301 to move, that is, under the action of the locking pin spring 1302, the bottom of the locking pin 1301 can be clamped in the annular groove B on the outer circumferential surface of the pressurized inner cylinder 9, so as to lock the axial position of the pressurized inner cylinder 9 after reset;

[0058] One end of the limit pin 14 is fixed on the annular boss B of the pressurized middle cylinder 10, and the other end is provided with a step surface, and the position of the limit pin 14 is opposite to that of the locking pin device 13; at the initial stage, that is, before the buffer works, the end where the step surface of the limit pin 14 is located extends into the shoulder of the locking pin 1301, and the step surface of the limit pin 14 cooperates with the shoulder of the locking pin 1301 to axially limit the locking pin 1301, so as to prevent the bottom of the locking pin 1301 from being clamped in the annular groove B on the outer circumferential surface of the pressurized inner cylinder 9.

[0059] Working principle: before the buffer is impacted, the locking pins 1301 of all the locking pin devices 13 are blocked by the limiting cover plate 1501 or the limiting pin 14 respectively, and cannot fall into the annular groove A of the tension inner cylinder 4 and the annular groove B of the compression inner cylinder 9;

[0060] like Figure 5 As shown, when the buffer is impacted in the tensile direction, the tension tube composed of the tension middle tube 5 and the tension inner tube 4 slides relative to the left end cover 1 in the direction away from the compression inner tube 9, gradually extending out of the buffer outer tube 2, and the buffer is extended. At the same time, the annular boss A of the tension middle tube 5 will squeeze the honeycomb A8, and the honeycomb A8 will be compressed and deformed, thereby absorbing the tensile impact energy; as the buffer is extended, the cover plate device 15 moves away from the locking pin 1301 along with the tension inner tube 4, and the limiting cover plate 1501 is disengaged from the inside of the locking pin device 13, losing the limiting blocking effect on the locking pin 1301. The locking pin 1301 is pushed by the locking pin spring 1302 to contact the outer surface of the tension inner tube 4; in this process, the tension reset spring 6 is further squeezed and tends to return to the initial state;

[0061] like Figure 6 As shown, after completing the tensile impact buffering, the tensile reset spring 6 pushes the tension cylinder to return to its initial position, that is, the tension cylinder slides relative to the left end cover 1 in the direction of the compressed inner cylinder 9, and gradually retracts into the buffer outer cylinder 2, and the buffer restores its original length. At this time, the locking pin 1301 can fall into the annular groove A on the tension inner cylinder 4, thereby locking the tension inner cylinder 4 and the left end cover 1, completing the reset locking under tensile impact.

[0062] like Figure 7As shown, when the buffer is impacted in the compression direction, the compressed inner tube 9 will push the compressed middle tube 10 to slide relative to the right end cover 3 in the direction of the tensile middle tube 5, and gradually retract into the buffer outer tube 2, and the buffer is shortened. At the same time, the annular boss B of the compressed middle tube 10 will squeeze the honeycomb B11, and the honeycomb B11 will be compressed and deformed, thereby absorbing the impact energy of the compression; then the compressed middle tube 10 will slide relative to the right end cover 3, and the limit pin 14 installed on the compressed middle tube 10 will be disengaged from the inside of the locking pin device 13, and the limit blocking effect on the locking pin 1301 will be lost. The locking pin 1301 is pushed by the locking pin spring 1302 to contact the outer surface of the compressed inner tube 9; in this process, the compression return spring 12 is further squeezed and tends to return to the initial state;

[0063] like Figure 8 As shown, after the impact buffering is completed, the position of the pressurized middle cylinder 10 remains unchanged, and the compression reset spring 12 pushes the pressurized inner cylinder 9 back to the initial position, that is, the pressurized inner cylinder 9 slides in the direction away from the tensioned middle cylinder 5, and gradually extends out of the buffer outer cylinder 2, and the buffer restores its original length. At this time, the locking pin 1301 can fall into the annular groove B on the pressurized inner cylinder 9, thereby locking the pressurized inner cylinder 9 and the right end cover 3, completing the reset locking under the pressure impact.

[0064] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A resettable and lockable bidirectional buffer energy absorbing buffer, characterized in that: include: Shell assembly, tension assembly, compression assembly, honeycomb A, honeycomb B, tension locking mechanism and compression locking mechanism; The tension component, honeycomb A and tension locking mechanism are all installed at one end of the shell component. When the buffer is impacted in the tensile direction, the tension component extends out of the shell component and compresses the honeycomb A. When the buffer completes the tensile impact buffering, the tension component is reset and reset and locked by the tension locking mechanism. The pressure-bearing component, honeycomb B and pressure-bearing locking mechanism are all installed at the other end of the shell component. When the buffer is impacted in the compression direction, the pressure-bearing component retracts into the shell component and compresses the honeycomb B. When the buffer completes the compression impact buffering, the pressure-bearing component is partially reset and reset and locked by the pressure-bearing locking mechanism. The housing assembly comprises: a left end cover, a buffer outer cylinder and a right end cover; The buffer outer cylinder is a thin-walled cylinder with openings at both ends, and a middle partition is provided in the middle of the buffer outer cylinder to separate the inner cavity of the buffer outer cylinder into a tension cavity and a pressure cavity; The left end cover and the right end cover are respectively fixed on the two open ends of the buffer outer tube, and the left end cover and the right end cover are respectively processed with mounting through holes; wherein the left end cover is located at the end where the tension cavity of the buffer outer tube is located, and the right end cover is located at the end where the pressure cavity of the buffer outer tube is located; The tension component comprises: a tension inner cylinder, a tension middle cylinder, a tension return spring and a center rod; One end of the tension middle tube is respectively processed with an outward annular boss A and an inward limiting boss, and the other end is coaxially connected with the tension inner tube. The tension middle tube and the tension inner tube constitute a tension tube, and the end of the tension middle tube of the tension tube is coaxially installed in the tension cavity of the buffer outer tube; the end of the tension inner tube of the tension tube extends out of the left end cover and slidably cooperates with the mounting through hole of the left end cover, and the tension tube can move along the axial direction of the buffer outer tube; an annular cavity is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the tension tube, the inner circumferential surface of the buffer outer tube, the annular boss A of the tension middle tube and the left end cover; The center rod is a long rod member coaxially located in the tension cylinder. One end of the center rod passes through the end of the tension middle cylinder and is fixed on the middle partition of the buffer outer cylinder. The other end of the center rod is provided with an end face flange. The tension reset spring is located in the tension cylinder and is installed on the outside of the center rod. The two ends of the tension reset spring are respectively supported on the limiting boss at the end of the tension middle cylinder and the end face flange of the center rod. The tension reset spring is in a compressed state. In the initial state, under the action of the restoring force of the tension reset spring, the limiting boss at the end of the tension middle cylinder abuts against the middle partition of the buffer outer cylinder. At this time, the volume of the annular cavity reaches a maximum value, and the annular honeycomb A is filled in the annular cavity with a maximum volume. When the honeycomb A is compressed, it is used to absorb the impact energy of the buffer when it is under tension. The pressure-bearing assembly comprises: a pressure-bearing inner cylinder, a pressure-bearing middle cylinder and a compression return spring; One end of the pressure-bearing middle cylinder is processed with an outward annular boss B, and the other end is coaxially installed in the pressure-bearing inner cylinder. The two are slidably matched, and the pressure-bearing middle cylinder can move along the axial direction of the pressure-bearing inner cylinder. The pressure-bearing middle cylinder and the pressure-bearing inner cylinder constitute a pressure-bearing cylinder, and the pressure-bearing cylinder is coaxially installed in the mounting through hole of the right end cover. The two are slidably matched, and the pressure-bearing cylinder can move along the axial direction of the buffer outer cylinder, and the annular boss B of the pressure-bearing middle cylinder is located in the pressure cavity of the buffer outer cylinder; a cylindrical cavity is formed between the middle partition of the buffer outer cylinder and the end face where the annular boss B of the pressure-bearing middle cylinder is located; The compression return spring is installed in the pressure cavity of the buffer outer cylinder and the inner cavity of the pressure middle cylinder, and one end of the compression return spring is fixed on the middle partition of the buffer outer cylinder, and the other end passes through and extends out of the pressure middle cylinder and is fixed on the end of the pressure inner cylinder; the compression return spring is in a compressed state, and in the initial state, under the action of the restoring force of the compression return spring, the annular boss B of the pressure middle cylinder abuts against the right end cover; at this time, the volume of the cylindrical cavity reaches the maximum value, and the annular honeycomb B is filled in the cylindrical cavity with the maximum volume, and is sleeved on the outside of the compression return spring. When the honeycomb B is compressed, it is used to absorb the impact energy of the buffer when it is compressed; More than two tension locking mechanisms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the tension inner tube; each of the tension locking mechanisms comprises: a locking pin device and a cover plate device; The outer circumferential surface of the tension inner cylinder is provided with an annular groove A and a lug; The locking pin device comprises a locking pin, a locking pin spring and a latch cap; the latch cap is fixed on the outer end surface of the left end cover, the locking pin is installed in the latch cap, and the axial direction of the locking pin is perpendicular to the axial direction of the tension inner tube; a shaft shoulder is provided at the bottom of the locking pin; the locking pin spring is sleeved on the outside of the locking pin, and one end of the locking pin spring abuts against the latch cap, and the other end abuts against the shaft shoulder of the locking pin; the locking pin spring is in a compressed state, and under the action of the locking pin spring, the bottom of the locking pin can be clamped in the annular groove A on the outer circumferential surface of the tension inner tube to lock the axial position of the tension inner tube after reset; The positions of the cover plate device and the locking pin device are opposite; the cover plate device includes a limit cover plate, a cover plate torsion spring and a torsion spring shaft; the torsion spring shaft is connected to the ear pin, one end of the limit cover plate is sleeved on the torsion spring shaft, the limit cover plate can rotate around the axis of the torsion spring shaft, and the other end of the limit cover plate is provided with a step surface; the cover plate torsion spring is sleeved on the outside of the torsion spring shaft, and one end of the cover plate torsion spring is connected to the limit cover plate, and one end of the cover plate torsion spring is connected to the torsion spring shaft; before the buffer works, the end where the step surface of the limit cover plate is located extends into the shoulder of the locking pin, and the step surface of the limit cover plate cooperates with the shoulder of the locking pin to axially limit the locking pin, so as to prevent the bottom of the locking pin from being clamped in the annular groove A on the outer circumferential surface of the tension inner cylinder; More than two pressure-bearing locking mechanisms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the pressure-bearing inner cylinder; each of the pressure-bearing locking mechanisms comprises: a locking pin device and a limit pin; The outer circumferential surface of the pressure inner cylinder is provided with an annular groove B; The locking pin device comprises a locking pin, a locking pin spring and a latch cap; the latch cap is fixed on the outer end surface of the right end cover, the locking pin is installed in the latch cap, and the axial direction of the locking pin is perpendicular to the axial direction of the pressurized inner cylinder; a shaft shoulder is provided at the bottom of the locking pin; the locking pin spring is sleeved on the outside of the locking pin, and one end of the locking pin spring abuts on the latch cap, and the other end abuts on the shaft shoulder of the locking pin; the locking pin spring is in a compressed state, and under the action of the locking pin spring, the bottom of the locking pin can be clamped in the annular groove B on the outer circumferential surface of the pressurized inner cylinder to lock the axial position of the pressurized inner cylinder after reset; One end of the limit pin is fixed on the annular boss B of the pressurized middle cylinder, and the other end is provided with a step surface, and the position of the limit pin is opposite to that of the locking pin device; before the buffer works, the end where the step surface of the limit pin is located extends into the shoulder of the locking pin, and the step surface of the limit pin cooperates with the shoulder of the locking pin to axially limit the locking pin, so as to prevent the bottom of the locking pin from being clamped in the annular groove B on the outer circumferential surface of the pressurized inner cylinder.

2. A resettable and lockable bidirectional energy-absorbing buffer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The honeycomb A and honeycomb B are both made of plastic materials and cannot be restored after being compressed.

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