Acoustic survey data correction method based on energy consistency of background noise

Abstract

The application relates to an acoustic detection data correction method based on the energy consistency of background noise: two continuous target data sections with obvious energy differences are selected; above the sea bottom, seawater background noise calculation windows without obvious other source noise are selected on both sides of the junction of the two target data sections at the same depth; the root mean square values of the data in the calculation windows selected in the respective data sections are calculated; the minimum root mean square value obtained is selected as a standard root mean square value; an energy correction coefficient of each data section is obtained; all data of each data section is subjected to energy correction according to the energy correction coefficient of each data section to obtain corrected data; all the corrected data are spliced in the original data sequence to obtain corrected marine acoustic detection data; after the acoustic detection data profile is processed by the method, the obtained stratum acoustic profile can objectively reflect the underground wave impedance difference, and the energy consistency of the acoustic detection data is faithfully corrected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine acoustic data processing, and more specifically to an acoustic detection data correction method based on the energy consistency of background noise. Background Technology

[0002] Marine acoustic data includes shallow seismic profiling data, single-channel seismic data, and multichannel seismic data. Due to differences in acquisition time, equipment, source emission energy, and acquisition system settings, the energy of the raw acoustic data output by the acquisition system varies. Specific manifestations include… Figure 1 , Figure 1 There is a significant difference in energy between the left and right sides of the cross-section; the energy is weaker on the left and stronger on the right. The first data curve at the top of the figure represents the seabed.

[0003] Current technology employs an inter-channel energy balancing approach, assuming all channels have equal energy, to perform energy consistency correction on the amplitude. While this method achieves a consistent energy balance after correction, it is a mathematical calculation and lacks a physically meaningful correction standard.

[0004] In actual acoustic data, data from different channels reflect the acoustic responses of different geological regions. The acoustic responses of different channels may vary significantly. Ignoring these objective physical differences and applying purely mathematical energy uniformity to the acoustic data would destroy the objective laws governing the data. The inter-channel energy balance correction results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, after correction, the consistency of energy above the seabed on both sides of the middle of the data profile has been greatly improved. However, the energy on the left side of the strata below the seabed is significantly stronger than that on the right side. Objectively speaking, the acoustic response energy of continuous strata will not show this kind of "grid" abrupt change in the lateral direction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned shortcomings by providing an acoustic detection data correction method based on the energy consistency of background noise.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the first aspect of this invention provides a method for correcting acoustic detection data based on the energy consistency of background noise, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Acquire ocean acoustic detection data;

[0008] S2: Select two consecutive target data segments with significant energy differences;

[0009] S3: On both sides of the boundary between the two target data segments, select seawater background noise calculation windows with no obvious external noise sources above the seabed at the same depth;

[0010] S4: Calculate the root mean square energy value of the data within the selected calculation window for each data segment;

[0011] S5: Select the minimum energy root mean square value obtained in step S4 as the standard energy root mean square value.

[0012] S6: Obtain the energy correction coefficient for each data segment. Energy correction coefficient = standard energy root mean square / energy root mean square of data segment;

[0013] S7: Based on the energy correction coefficient of each data segment, perform energy correction on all data in each data segment to obtain corrected data;

[0014] S8: All calibration data are stitched together in the order of the original data to obtain calibrated marine acoustic detection data.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S1, after acquiring the marine acoustic detection data, the background acoustic field of seawater without obvious external noise in the acoustic data is selected as the correction target.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S3, the horizontal length of the calculation window is 100 channels, and the vertical length is 10 wavelengths.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S3, if the data contains severe noise from other sources, noise reduction processing is required before selecting the calculation window.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S4, the formula for calculating the root mean square value of energy is as follows: ;

[0019] Where RMS is the root mean square energy value, and i is the sample sequence number. These represent the amplitude values ​​corresponding to different points.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S7, the original data of each data segment is multiplied by the energy correction coefficient of that data segment to obtain the corrected data.

[0021] To address the aforementioned technical problems, a second aspect of the present invention provides a terminal comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the aforementioned acoustic detection data correction method based on background noise energy consistency.

[0022] To address the aforementioned technical problems, a third aspect of the present invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the aforementioned method for correcting acoustic detection data based on the energy consistency of background noise.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: After the acoustic detection data profile is processed by this method, the background sound field energy on both sides of the boundary between the two target data segments above the seabed is consistent, the acoustic response energy of the strata on both sides of the seabed is consistent, and the acoustic response of the strata is continuous and natural near the boundary between the two target data segments. The obtained strata acoustic profile can objectively reflect the difference in underground wave impedance, and realize the fidelity correction of the consistency of acoustic detection data energy. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a profile of the original acoustic detection data.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the correction effect obtained using the inter-channel energy equalization method.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a profile of the acoustic detection data before processing using this method.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a profile of the acoustic detection data processed using this method.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the processing method. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below; however, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0031] Marine acoustic data includes shallow seismic profiling data, single-channel seismic data, and multichannel seismic data. Due to differences in acquisition time, equipment, source emission energy, and acquisition system settings, the energy of the raw acoustic data output by the acquisition system varies. Specific manifestations include… Figure 1 , Figure 1 There is a significant difference in energy between the left and right sides of the cross-section, with the energy being weaker on the left and stronger on the right.

[0032] Current technology employs an inter-channel energy balancing approach, assuming all channels have equal energy, to perform energy consistency correction on the amplitude. While this method achieves a consistent energy balance after correction, it is a mathematical calculation and lacks a physically meaningful correction standard.

[0033] In actual acoustic data, data from different channels reflect the acoustic responses of different geological regions. The acoustic responses of different channels may vary significantly. Ignoring these objective physical differences and applying purely mathematical energy uniformity to the acoustic data would destroy the objective laws governing the data. The inter-channel energy balance correction results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, after correction, the consistency of energy above the seabed on both sides of the middle of the data profile has been greatly improved. However, the energy on the left side of the strata below the seabed is significantly stronger than that on the right side. Objectively speaking, the acoustic response energy of continuous strata will not show this kind of "grid" abrupt change in the lateral direction.

[0034] Example 1:

[0035] To address the aforementioned technical problems, Example 1 provides an acoustic detection data correction method based on the energy consistency of background noise.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, the specific steps are as follows:

[0037] S1: Acquire ocean acoustic detection data;

[0038] After acquiring marine acoustic detection data, the background acoustic field of seawater without obvious external noise in the acoustic data is selected as the correction target;

[0039] S2: Select two consecutive target data segments with significant energy differences;

[0040] S3: On both sides of the boundary between the two target data segments, select seawater background noise calculation windows with no obvious external noise sources above the seabed at the same depth;

[0041] The calculation window has a horizontal length of 100 channels and a vertical length of 10 wavelengths;

[0042] If the data contains significant external noise, noise reduction processing is required before selecting the calculation window;

[0043] S4: Calculate the root mean square energy value of the data within the selected calculation window for each data segment;

[0044] The formula for calculating the root mean square value of energy is: ;

[0045] Where RMS is the root mean square energy value and i is the sample sequence number (starting from 1 and ending from N). These represent the amplitude values ​​corresponding to different points.

[0046] S5: Select the minimum energy root mean square value obtained in step S4 as the standard energy root mean square value.

[0047] S6: Obtain the energy correction coefficient for each data segment. Energy correction coefficient = standard energy root mean square / energy root mean square of data segment;

[0048] S7: Based on the energy correction coefficient of each data segment, perform energy correction on all data in each data segment to obtain corrected data;

[0049] The corrected data is obtained by multiplying the original data of each data segment by the energy correction factor of that data segment.

[0050] S8: All calibration data are stitched together in the order of the original data to obtain calibrated marine acoustic detection data with high energy consistency.

[0051] Figure 3 and Figure 4 This is an example of the method; the object of the calibration in this example is ocean acoustic detection data, generated by... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As can be seen, the ocean acoustic detection data presented here includes two target data segments with significant energy differences.

[0052] Depend on Figure 3 and Figure 4 It can be seen that after the acoustic detection data profile is processed by this method, the background sound field energy on both sides of the boundary between the two target data segments above the seabed is consistent, the acoustic response energy of the strata on both sides of the seabed is consistent, and the acoustic response of the strata is continuous and natural near the boundary between the two target data segments. The obtained strata acoustic profile can objectively reflect the difference in underground wave impedance, and realize the fidelity correction of the consistency of acoustic detection data energy.

[0053] Compared to the acoustic response of strata, the acoustic response of seawater above strata varies little across different regions. Therefore, this method first selects the seawater background acoustic field without significant external noise in the acoustic data as the correction target. Then, it calculates the root mean square (RMS) energy value of the seawater background noise field corresponding to different target data segments. Next, it takes the data segment with the smallest RMS energy of the seawater background noise field as the standard data segment, and the energy correction coefficient for other data segments is equal to the RMS energy value of the standard data segment divided by the RMS energy value of the seawater background noise field in their respective data segments. Then, the energy correction coefficient is applied to all data in each data segment, with the energy correction coefficient for the standard data segment being 1. This achieves the overall energy consistency of the acoustic data and ensures fidelity correction. The corrected acoustic data can effectively reveal the differences in acoustic response of different geological regions.

[0054] Example 2:

[0055] Example 2 provides a terminal including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the acoustic detection data correction method based on background noise energy consistency described above.

[0056] Example 3:

[0057] Example 3 provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for correcting acoustic detection data based on the energy consistency of background noise.

[0058] In this embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium may include any medium capable of storing or transmitting information. Examples of computer-readable storage media include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, fiber optic media, radio frequency (RF) links, and so on. Code segments can be downloaded via computer networks such as the Internet, intranets, etc.

[0059] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined, it need not be discussed further thereafter.

[0060] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0061] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," and "above" may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship of the features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation described.

[0062] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0063] If this application discloses or relates to components or structural parts that are fixedly connected to each other, then, unless otherwise stated, a fixed connection can be understood as: a fixed connection that can be disassembled (e.g., a connection using bolts or screws), or a fixed connection that cannot be disassembled (e.g., riveting, welding). Of course, a fixed connection can also be replaced by an integral structure (e.g., manufactured in one piece using a casting process) (except where it is obviously impossible to use an integral molding process).

[0064] The above-described preferred embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An acoustic survey data correction method based on the energy consistency of background noise, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Acquire ocean acoustic detection data; S2: Select two consecutive target data segments with significant energy differences; S3: On both sides of the boundary between the two target data segments, select seawater background noise calculation windows with no obvious external noise sources above the seabed at the same depth; S4: Calculate the root mean square energy value of the data within the selected calculation window for each data segment; S5: Select the minimum energy root mean square value obtained in step S4 as the standard energy root mean square value. S6: Obtain the energy correction coefficient for each data segment. Energy correction coefficient = standard energy root mean square / energy root mean square of data segment; S7: Based on the energy correction coefficient of each data segment, perform energy correction on all data in each data segment to obtain corrected data; S8: All calibration data are stitched together in the order of the original data to obtain calibrated marine acoustic detection data.

2. The background noise based energy coherence acoustic survey data correction method of claim 1, wherein: In step S3, the horizontal length of the calculation window is 100 channels, and the vertical length is 10 wavelengths.

3. The acoustic detection data correction method based on background noise energy consistency according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the formula for calculating the root mean square value of energy is: ; Where RMS is the root mean square energy value, and i is the sample sequence number. These represent the amplitude values ​​corresponding to different points.

4. The acoustic detection data correction method based on background noise energy consistency according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, the original data of each data segment is multiplied by the energy correction coefficient of that data segment to obtain the corrected data.

5. A terminal, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes a computer program, it implements the acoustic detection data correction method based on background noise energy consistency as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the acoustic detection data correction method based on the energy consistency of background noise as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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