A centering tool
By designing a self-aligning fixture that simulates a bearing housing and a self-aligning instrument, the problem of centering the support before rotor assembly is solved, ensuring the safety and reliability of rotor testing. This method is applicable to self-aligning multiple rotor models.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- AECC HUNAN AVIATION POWERPLANT RES INST
- Filing Date
- 2022-10-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-19
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, the alignment between the supports cannot be effectively predicted before the rotor is assembled with the engine, which leads to misalignment failure and affects test safety and rotor operation.
A self-aligning fixture is provided, including a simulated bearing housing, a simulated shaft, and a self-aligning instrument. By installing the simulated bearing housing and the test support and clamping the self-aligning instrument, self-alignment between various shaft systems or test supports is achieved, ensuring good alignment.
It effectively avoids test failures caused by misalignment, improves test safety and rotor operation reliability, and is suitable for self-aligning work of different rotor models.
Smart Images
Figure CN115638969B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-speed flexible rotor testing for aero-engines, and more particularly to a self-aligning fixture and a method for aligning an experimental support using the self-aligning fixture. Background Technology
[0002] The rotor is a crucial component of rotating machinery, and its importance is particularly pronounced for aero engines. Modern aero engines strive for higher and better performance, resulting in increasingly higher rotor speeds, more complex structures, and harsher operating environments. Before being assembled into the engine, the rotor must undergo dynamic testing, during which various malfunctions frequently occur. Among these, rotor misalignment is a common failure.
[0003] Rotor misalignment typically refers to the degree of inclination or offset between the centerlines of two adjacent rotors (rotating components) and the bearing centerline. Misalignment is generally classified into parallel misalignment, angular misalignment, and parallel-angular misalignment. Misalignment can cause the rotor to bear harmful loads during testing, resulting in additional bending moments and vibrations. These loads alternate with each rotation, potentially leading to test termination or even endangering the safety of the test specimen and equipment. Misalignment can be identified through spectral analysis, generally manifesting as a large second or third harmonic as the dominant frequency component. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-aligning fixture that simulates the installation method of a high-speed rotor bearing housing of an aero-engine on a test support. By self-aligning between each shaft system or each test support, good alignment is ensured, and test failures caused by misalignment during the test are avoided, thus affecting test safety.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a self-aligning fixture for aligning an experimental support, the experimental support being used to support a rotor, comprising:
[0006] A simulated bearing housing is mounted on the experimental support; the simulated bearing housing has a horizontally through bearing hole.
[0007] A simulated shaft is fitted into the bearing hole of the simulated bearing housing, and after fitting, the simulated shaft protrudes from both ends of the bearing hole;
[0008] A centering instrument is clamped at the end of the simulation shaft to achieve centering of the experimental support.
[0009] Optionally, the self-aligning fixture further includes: a simulated bearing, which is located at the end of the bearing hole, and the simulated shaft is fitted into the bearing hole of the simulated bearing housing through the simulated bearing.
[0010] Optionally, the outer ring of the simulated bearing and the bearing bore of the simulated bearing housing are fitted with a clearance fit.
[0011] Optionally, the inner ring of the simulated bearing and the simulated shaft are interference-fitted.
[0012] Optionally, the self-aligning fixture further includes: a connecting part located at the connection position between the simulated bearing housing and the experimental support, used to realize the installation of the simulated bearing housing on the experimental support; the connecting part includes a main part located on the peripheral end face of the simulated bearing housing, and a secondary part located on the experimental support and matching the main part.
[0013] Optionally, the main part includes: a mating surface and a flange edge that match the mounting surface of the experimental support, and a first mounting hole disposed on the flange edge along the axial direction of the simulation shaft.
[0014] Optionally, the sub-part includes a second mounting hole having the same specifications as the first mounting hole, and a screw that can be inserted into the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole;
[0015] When the simulated bearing housing is assembled with the experimental support, the mating surface and flange edge of the simulated bearing housing are respectively in contact with the mounting surface of the experimental support, the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are opposite to each other, and the screw is inserted into the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole.
[0016] Optionally, the experimental supports are arranged opposite each other, and the secondary parts of the connecting parts are respectively arranged on the opposite experimental supports; the main parts of the connecting parts are respectively arranged on the circumferential end face of the simulated bearing seat with the simulated axis as the symmetrical position, and are opposite to the secondary parts.
[0017] Optionally, the two ends of the simulation shaft have clamping surfaces, and the self-aligning instrument is clamped on the clamping surfaces.
[0018] The present invention also provides a method for centering an experimental support using a centering fixture, comprising:
[0019] The simulated bearing housing is installed on the experimental support, and the simulated bearing housing has a horizontally through bearing hole;
[0020] The simulated shaft is fitted into the bearing hole of the simulated bearing housing, and after fitting, the simulated shaft protrudes from both ends of the bearing hole;
[0021] The centering instrument is clamped to the end of the simulation shaft to center the experimental support.
[0022] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:
[0023] This invention provides a self-aligning fixture for aligning an experimental support used to support a rotor. The fixture includes: a simulated bearing housing mounted on the experimental support, the simulated bearing housing having a horizontally penetrating bearing hole; a simulated shaft fitted into the bearing hole of the simulated bearing housing, with the simulated shaft protruding from both ends of the bearing hole after fitting; and a self-aligning instrument clamped at the end of the simulated shaft to achieve self-alignment of the experimental support. This invention ensures good alignment between the various shaft systems or experimental supports, avoiding experimental failures caused by misalignment during testing and ensuring experimental safety.
[0024] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description and the drawings. Attached Figure Description
[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the self-aligning fixture installed on the experimental support.
[0026] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the self-aligning tooling;
[0027] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the simulated shaft;
[0028] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram simulating the bearing housing;
[0029] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating the method of centering an experimental support using a centering fixture;
[0030] Reference numerals: 101-Experimental support, 102-Self-aligning fixture, 1-Simulated shaft; 2-Left process bearing (or left simulated bearing), 3-Simulated bearing housing, 4-Mating surface between left process bearing and simulated shaft, 5-Mating surface between left process bearing and simulated bearing housing, 6-Mating surface between simulated bearing housing and experimental support, 7-Mounting flange edge, 8-First mounting hole, 9-Left end clamping surface, 10-Right process bearing (or right simulated bearing), 11-Mating surface between right process bearing and simulated shaft, 12-Mating surface between right process bearing and simulated bearing housing, 13-Right end clamping surface, 14-Second mounting hole, 401-Bearing hole. Detailed Implementation
[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0032] Because current technology involves directly mounting the rotor onto the test support via bearing housings without alignment between the supports, it's impossible to predict the alignment of the entire rotor system, such as between the support points or between the rotor and the test equipment's output shaft. Therefore, if the test is conducted directly, misalignment between the supports may occur, potentially causing the rotor to fail to reach the target speed due to misalignment, and even affecting test safety.
[0033] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention discloses a self-aligning fixture for aligning an experimental support used to support a rotor. The fixture includes: a simulated bearing housing mounted on the experimental support; the simulated bearing housing having a horizontally penetrating bearing hole; a simulated shaft fitted into the bearing hole of the simulated bearing housing, with the simulated shaft protruding from both ends of the bearing hole after fitting; and a self-aligning instrument clamped at the end of the simulated shaft to achieve self-alignment of the experimental support. This invention ensures good alignment through self-alignment between shaft systems or experimental supports, avoiding experimental failures caused by misalignment during testing and ensuring experimental safety.
[0034] To better explain this invention, the innovative aspects are explained below. The installation method of mounting the simulated bearing housing on the experimental support in this invention ensures the validity of the self-aligning results. Furthermore, clearly defining the installation method of the simulated bearing and simulated shaft allows the entire self-aligning fixture to be reliably installed on the support. Therefore, this invention can solve problems such as malfunctions caused by misalignment during experiments.
[0035] The following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
[0036] This invention provides a self-aligning fixture for aligning an experimental support, which is used to support a rotor, such as... Figure 1 As shown. 101 can be understood as an experimental support, and 102 can be understood as a self-aligning fixture, used to align the experimental support.
[0037] The following section focuses on self-aligning fixtures, such as self-aligning fixtures (e.g.) Figure 2 As shown), it includes simulated axis 1 (specifically as shown in the figure). Figure 3 (as shown), simulated bearing 2, simulated bearing housing 3 (specifically as shown) Figure 4(As shown). The simulated bearing housing 3 has a horizontally penetrating bearing hole 401; the simulated shaft 1 is fitted into the bearing hole of the simulated bearing housing, and after fitting, the simulated shaft protrudes from both ends of the bearing hole, and both ends of the simulated shaft have clamping surfaces, on which the self-aligning instrument can be clamped.
[0038] The specific connection between the two is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it is important to note that Figure 2 In the diagram, 1 can be understood as the simulated shaft; 2 can be understood as the left process bearing (or left simulated bearing); 3 can be understood as the simulated bearing housing; 4 can be understood as the mating surface between the left process bearing and the simulated shaft; 5 can be understood as the mating surface between the left process bearing and the simulated bearing housing; 6 can be understood as the mating surface between the simulated bearing housing and the experimental support; 7 can be understood as the mounting flange edge; 8 can be understood as the first mounting hole; 9 can be understood as the left end clamping surface; 10 can be understood as the right process bearing (or right simulated bearing); 11 can be understood as the mating surface between the right process bearing and the simulated shaft; 12 can be understood as the mating surface between the right process bearing and the simulated bearing housing; 13 can be understood as the right end clamping surface; and 14 can be understood as the second mounting hole.
[0039] It should also be noted that the self-aligning fixture further includes a connecting part for mounting the simulated bearing housing to the experimental support, the connecting part being located at the position where the simulated bearing housing and the experimental support are connected.
[0040] The connecting part specifically includes: a main part located on the peripheral end face of the simulated bearing housing, and a secondary part located on the experimental support and matching the main part. The main part includes: a mating surface and a flange edge matching the mounting surface of the experimental support, and a first mounting hole disposed on the flange edge along the axial direction of the simulated shaft; the secondary part includes a second mounting hole having the same specifications as the first mounting hole, and screws that can be inserted into the first and second mounting holes; the experimental supports are arranged opposite each other, and the secondary parts of the connecting part are respectively disposed on the opposite experimental supports; the main parts of the connecting part are respectively disposed on the circumferential end face of the simulated bearing housing with respect to the simulated shaft, and are opposite to the secondary parts. This invention completes the assembly of the simulated bearing housing and the experimental support through operations such as the mating surface and flange edge of the simulated bearing housing respectively fitting against the mounting surface of the experimental support, the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole being opposite each other, and the screws being inserted into the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole.
[0041] Therefore, the specific connection steps of the present invention can be understood as follows: a process bearing is installed at each of the left and right ends of the self-aligning fixture, the outer ring of the bearing is clearance-fitted with the simulated bearing seat for easy installation, and the inner ring of the bearing is interference-fitted with the simulated shaft; the entire self-aligning fixture is connected and fastened to the test support through the mating surface between the simulated bearing seat and the support and the mounting flange edge, and the screw passes through the mounting hole; the self-aligning instrument is clamped on the clamping surface at the left end or the clamping surface at the right end of the simulated shaft to obtain the value, and by comparing it with the standard value, the self-aligning work is realized, and finally, good alignment is achieved between each support.
[0042] This embodiment simulates the installation and connection method of the rotor bearing housing on the test support. The self-aligning results can be directly applied to the test rotor. It is also universal and can be used for self-aligning work before testing different types of rotors. More importantly, it is easy to use and install, and the results are highly reliable.
[0043] The present invention also provides a method for centering an experimental support using a centering fixture, comprising:
[0044] A simulated bearing housing with a horizontally penetrating bearing hole is installed on the experimental support. A simulated shaft is fitted into the bearing hole of the simulated bearing housing, with the simulated shaft protruding from both ends of the bearing hole after fitting. A self-aligning instrument is clamped at the end of the simulated shaft to align the experimental support. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 5 Since this embodiment corresponds to the content protected in the above-described self-aligning tooling embodiment, it will be described simply here.
[0045] The self-aligning fixture further includes a simulated bearing located at the end of the bearing bore, and the simulated shaft being fitted into the bearing bore of the simulated bearing housing via the simulated bearing. The outer ring of the simulated bearing is clearance-fitted to the bearing bore of the simulated bearing housing. The inner ring of the simulated bearing is interference-fitted to the simulated shaft.
[0046] The self-aligning fixture also includes a connecting part located at the connection point between the simulated bearing housing and the experimental support, which is used to install the simulated bearing housing onto the experimental support.
[0047] The connecting part specifically includes: a main part located on the peripheral end face of the simulated bearing housing, and a secondary part located on the experimental support and matching the main part. The main part includes: a mating surface and a flange edge matching the mounting surface of the experimental support, and a first mounting hole disposed on the flange edge along the axial direction of the simulated shaft; the secondary part includes a second mounting hole having the same specifications as the first mounting hole, and screws that can be inserted into the first and second mounting holes; the experimental supports are arranged opposite each other, and the secondary parts of the connecting part are respectively disposed on the opposite experimental supports; the main parts of the connecting part are respectively disposed on the circumferential end face of the simulated bearing housing with respect to the simulated shaft, and are opposite to the secondary parts. This invention completes the assembly of the simulated bearing housing and the experimental support through operations such as the mating surface and flange edge of the simulated bearing housing respectively fitting against the mounting surface of the experimental support, the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole being opposite each other, and the screws being inserted into the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole.
[0048] Therefore, the specific connection steps in this embodiment can be understood as follows: a process bearing is installed at each of the left and right ends of the self-aligning fixture. The outer ring of the bearing is clearance-fitted with the simulated bearing housing for easy installation, and the inner ring of the bearing is interference-fitted with the simulated shaft. The entire self-aligning fixture is connected and fastened to the test support through the mating surface between the simulated bearing housing and the support and the mounting flange edge, with screws passing through the mounting holes. The self-aligning instrument is clamped on the left or right clamping surface of the simulated shaft to obtain values. By comparing these values with standard values, the self-aligning work is achieved, ultimately ensuring good alignment between the supports.
[0049] This embodiment simulates the installation and connection method of the rotor bearing housing on the test support. The self-aligning results can be directly applied to the test rotor. It is also universal and can be used for self-aligning work before testing different types of rotors. More importantly, it is easy to use and install, and the results are highly reliable.
[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A self-aligning fixture for aligning an experimental support, the experimental support being used to support a rotor; characterized in that, include: A simulated bearing housing is mounted on the experimental support; The simulated bearing housing has a horizontally through bearing bore; A simulated shaft is fitted into the bearing hole of the simulated bearing housing, and after fitting, the simulated shaft protrudes from both ends of the bearing hole; A centering instrument, which is clamped to the end of the simulation shaft, is used to center the experimental support. It also includes: a simulated bearing, which is located at the end of the bearing hole, and the simulated shaft is fitted into the bearing hole of the simulated bearing housing through the simulated bearing; The outer ring of the simulated bearing is clearance-fitted to the bearing bore of the simulated bearing housing, and the inner ring of the simulated bearing is interference-fitted to the simulated shaft. It also includes: a connecting part located at the connection position between the simulated bearing housing and the experimental support, used to realize the installation of the simulated bearing housing on the experimental support; the connecting part includes a main part located on the peripheral end face of the simulated bearing housing, and a secondary part located on the experimental support and matching the main part; The main part includes: a mating surface and a flange edge that match the mounting surface of the experimental support, and a first mounting hole provided on the flange edge along the axial direction of the simulation shaft.
2. The self-aligning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sub-part includes a second mounting hole having the same specifications as the first mounting hole, and screws that can be inserted into the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole; When the simulated bearing housing is assembled with the experimental support, the mating surface and flange edge of the simulated bearing housing are respectively in contact with the mounting surface of the experimental support, the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are opposite to each other, and the screw is inserted into the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole.
3. The self-aligning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The experimental supports are arranged opposite each other, and the secondary parts of the connecting parts are respectively arranged on the opposite experimental supports; the main parts of the connecting parts are respectively arranged on the circumferential end face of the simulated bearing seat with the simulated axis as the symmetrical position, and are opposite to the secondary parts.
4. The self-aligning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulation shaft has clamping surfaces at both ends, and the self-aligning instrument is clamped on the clamping surfaces.
5. A method for centering an experimental support using the centering fixture described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: The simulated bearing housing is installed on the experimental support, and the simulated bearing housing has a horizontally through bearing hole; The simulated shaft is fitted into the bearing hole of the simulated bearing housing, and after fitting, the simulated shaft protrudes from both ends of the bearing hole; The centering instrument is clamped to the end of the simulation shaft to center the experimental support.