Disclosed in the present invention is a foundation deformation calculation method based on numerical model stress extraction. First, a numerical model is established to calculate the vertical additional
stress distribution and horizontal additional
stress distribution of foundation soil, wherein the
elastic modulus of the foundation soil is selected within a range of two to five times the compression modulus on the basis of
engineering experience; a layer-wise summation method is used, in which layered settlement is directly calculated for a natural foundation, settlement in a reinforced zone and settlement in an underlying layer are both calculated for a composite foundation, and layered settlement amounts are superimposed and multiplied by a settlement empirical correction coefficient to obtain a final settlement amount; the projection of a horizontal displacement calculation point on the ground and a vertical
soil column below the horizontal displacement calculation point are taken as a vertically placed finite elastic long beam, the cross section of the
soil column is square, the side length of the
soil column is preferably 0.1 m or below, the modulus of the beam is the same as that of the soil, one end is located in a ground surface plane, and the other end is located in a plane where a calculation depth is located; and a distributed load is dispersed into several concentrated loads, a foundation
bed coefficient is determined on the basis of a specification, and the horizontal displacement of the calculation point is obtained by means of a beam-on-elastic-foundation method.