Diesel engine physical structure tree and data configuration construction method

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for constructing a physical structure tree and data configuration for a diesel engine, specifically including the following steps: establishing associations between diesel engine operating parameters, material information, operational information, and planned maintenance information through a physical structure tree; constructing a physical structure tree decomposition diagram of the diesel engine based on a hybrid decomposition method combining diesel engine region decomposition, functional decomposition, and physical decomposition; assigning codes to the physical structure tree decomposition diagram of the diesel engine, automatically assigning data layer by layer from the root node to the child nodes; acquiring multiple parameter data of the diesel engine, assigning the parameter data according to the hierarchy of the physical structure tree and attaching it to the corresponding nodes, establishing the association between the structure tree and the data to form a data configuration; and performing fault diagnosis and recording of maintenance information for the diesel engine operating conditions based on the data configuration. This method inputs component information and maintenance records into the structure tree, realizing unified management of diesel engine operating data and component maintenance information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of diesel engine technology, and in particular to a method for constructing a physical structure tree and data configuration for a diesel engine. Background Technology

[0002] As a complex power machine, the performance of a diesel engine directly affects the safety of locomotive operation. A diesel engine consists of thousands of parts, and its entire lifecycle, from design and manufacturing to operation, maintenance, and repair, generates tens of millions of data records. Currently, there is no systematic and standardized management of diesel engine demand data, nor can a system's key performance indicators be displayed. Therefore, the rational and standardized organization and management of the vast amount of diesel engine information, status, fault, and maintenance data, forming a diesel engine physical structure tree and a standard diesel engine data configuration, describing the material composition and related data of the diesel engine, is of great significance for improving the design, manufacturing, operation, and management of diesel engines, and achieving effective control, recording, and traceability of diesel engines.

[0003] High-speed trains and EMUs have standardized and modular constructions, making them unsuitable for complex power machinery like diesel engines. For diesel locomotives, ships, and engine sets, the diesel engine is treated merely as a large component, lacking a detailed diesel engine structure tree and its data, resulting in disorganized diesel engine data management. Analyzing the state of a specific diesel engine system requires searching and retrieving parameters from massive amounts of data, as a database management system based on diesel engine functions has not been established. Furthermore, existing diesel engine operating data and maintenance data are stored and managed separately, hindering direct access for technical personnel. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention discloses a physical structure tree and data configuration construction method for a diesel engine, specifically including the following steps:

[0005] The diesel engine operating parameters, material information, operational information, and planned maintenance information are linked through a physical structure tree. A physical structure tree decomposition diagram of the diesel engine is established based on a hybrid decomposition method that combines regional decomposition, functional decomposition, and physical decomposition.

[0006] The physical structure tree of the diesel engine is assigned and encoded, and automatically assigned layer by layer from the root node to the child nodes.

[0007] Obtain multiple parameter data of the diesel engine, allocate the parameter data according to the hierarchy of the physical structure tree and attach it to the corresponding node, and establish the relationship between the structure tree and the data to form a data structure;

[0008] Based on data configuration, fault diagnosis and maintenance information recording of diesel engine operating conditions are performed.

[0009] When creating the physical structure tree decomposition diagram of a diesel engine:

[0010] Establish the first level: Based on the regional decomposition method, the diesel engine is divided into two parts in the spatial dimension: the diesel engine interior and the diesel engine exterior.

[0011] Establish a second level: Use the functional decomposition method to decompose the diesel engine into its internal components and the auxiliary systems outside the diesel engine, decomposing the systems downwards from the root node as child nodes;

[0012] Establish a third level: Diesel engines are divided into multiple subsystems or functional groups according to their functions, and auxiliary systems are divided into multiple subsystems.

[0013] The physical components that make up the diesel engine are attached to various subsystems according to the physical decomposition method.

[0014] The hardware elements are further decomposed using the physical decomposition method. Based on the functional decomposition of the previous level, the physical components are attached and assembled using the assembly concept. The physical components are divided into three parts: non-decomposable large components, decomposable large components, and parts. Decomposable large components need to be decomposed into parts.

[0015] When attaching parameter data to a corresponding node, the following method is used:

[0016] Collect all parameter measurement points during the operation of the diesel engine. Based on the installation position of the sensor of each measurement point on the physical component of the diesel engine, search the level of the physical component in the physical structure tree of the diesel engine, and assign the measurement points to their respective levels one by one, finally forming a tree-like data structure based on the physical structure tree of the diesel engine.

[0017] The feature extraction value, status classification result, parameter warning status, fault diagnosis, component life management result, parameter trend analysis result, and fault diagnosis result obtained from a certain parameter are also associated with the same level of the parameter to determine the health status of the system. If an alarm is found, the diesel engine system has a fault.

[0018] By employing the aforementioned technical solutions, this invention provides a diesel engine physical structure tree and data configuration construction method. This method combines region decomposition, functional decomposition, and physical decomposition to establish a hybrid decomposition method for the diesel engine's physical structure structure tree, allowing technicians to clearly understand the diesel engine's physical topology. Simultaneously, this hybrid decomposition method can decompose other machinery as needed to form the physical structure tree of that machinery. This method provides a hierarchical coding method for the diesel engine's physical structure tree, standardizing the structure tree management approach. It establishes the association between the structure tree and data, standardizes data management, and can reflect the status of each subsystem of the diesel engine through data, improving data processing efficiency and enhancing data availability. This method records, manages, and tracks component information and maintenance information, facilitating technicians to directly access the entire maintenance process of a specific component, and rationally organizes and manages a wide variety and large quantity of component information. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flowchart for constructing the physical structure tree and data configuration of a diesel engine.

[0021] Figure 2 This is an illustration of the hybrid decomposition method of the structure tree in this invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a decomposition diagram of the physical structure tree of the diesel engine in this invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is an example diagram of the physical decomposition method in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention:

[0025] like Figure 1 The method for constructing a physical structure tree and data configuration of a diesel engine, as shown, specifically includes the following steps:

[0026] S1: Establish connections between diesel engine operating parameters, material information, operational information, and planned maintenance information through a physical structure tree. A physical structure tree decomposition diagram for the diesel engine is established based on a hybrid decomposition method combining diesel engine region decomposition, functional decomposition, and physical decomposition. In specific implementation: Establish connections between diesel engine operating parameters, material information, operational information, and planned maintenance information through a physical structure tree. A physical structure tree decomposition diagram for the diesel engine is established based on a hybrid decomposition method combining diesel engine region decomposition, functional decomposition, and physical decomposition. The physical structure tree decomposition diagram is assigned and coded, automatically allocated layer by layer from the root node to the child nodes. Multiple parameter data of the diesel engine are acquired, and the parameter data is allocated according to the hierarchy of the physical structure tree and attached to the corresponding nodes, establishing the connection between the structure tree and the data to form a data configuration.

[0027] Based on data configuration, fault diagnosis and maintenance information recording of diesel engine operating conditions are performed.

[0028] S2: The physical structure tree of the diesel engine is assigned and coded automatically, from the root node to the child nodes. In addition, the components are also coded with corresponding installation location labels, installation information, etc., forming a unique identifier.

[0029] S3: Acquire multiple parameter data of the diesel engine, distribute the parameter data according to the hierarchy of the physical structure tree and attach it to the corresponding nodes, and establish the relationship between the structure tree and the data to form a data structure. Among them, newly generated diesel engine-related data are attached according to the diesel engine physical structure tree.

[0030] S4: Based on data configuration, perform fault diagnosis and record maintenance information for diesel engine operating conditions.

[0031] Furthermore, based on this diesel engine physical structure tree, rules and results for diesel engine parameter feature extraction, status classification, parameter early warning, fault diagnosis, component life management, and parameter trend analysis are also associated with the structure tree nodes. The required measurement points for the above rule configuration are called from a system within the data configuration, analyzed, calculated, and logically configured, and then the configuration information and feedback results are stored in that system. The entity components under the structure tree contain material information and maintenance records. The structure tree allows understanding of the diesel engine's disassembly configuration, including all parameters, parameter calculations, application rules, and maintenance information for each structure. This information effectively reflects the configuration and health status of a specific system or component of the diesel engine. Due to the similarity of diesel engine structures, this structure tree and data configuration can be applied to most diesel engines, forming a large and standardized database management system.

[0032] Example:

[0033] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, based on the characteristics of the diesel engine and the configuration information that needs to be associated, a physical structure tree decomposition diagram of the diesel engine is established using a hybrid decomposition method combining regional decomposition, functional decomposition, and physical decomposition. Using the regional decomposition configuration as the root node of the decomposition diagram, the diesel engine is spatially divided into two parts: internal and external, with the diesel engine as the reference and its corresponding drawing file. The second level uses the functional decomposition configuration to decompose the system downwards from the root node as child nodes, dividing it into the diesel engine and auxiliary systems. The third level divides the diesel engine by function, including the engine block, crankshaft assembly, power unit, oil system, cooling water system, fuel system, turbocharging system, exhaust system, starting system, control system, oil pan, pump support box, camshaft, cam follower mechanism, transmission mechanism, and coupling assembly, totaling 16 parts. The auxiliary system includes the oil system, fuel system, cooling water system, and air system, totaling 4 parts. In the functional decomposition, the system is established as a group of functions or components, not a physical entity; hardware elements do not exist in the pure functional decomposition diagram. The physical decomposition structure is further decomposed into hardware elements. Based on the functional decomposition of the previous level, physical components are attached, and the decomposition diagram is composed as much as possible using the assembly concept. Physical components are divided into three parts: non-decomposable large components, decomposable large components, and parts. Decomposable large components need to be decomposed into parts.Within the diesel engine (region) – diesel engine (system) – engine block (subsystem), the engine block (non-disassembleable large components) is attached; within the crankshaft assembly (subsystem), the crankshaft, shock absorbers, main bearing shells, and connecting rod shells (these are components) are attached; within the power unit (subsystem), cylinders 1 through N (functional groups) are attached, and the N (functional group) is further attached to the N (functional components, disassembleable large components). The N (functional group) power unit, as a disassembleable large component, can be further disassembled into the N (cylinder) cylinder head, N (cylinder) valve stem arm, N (cylinder) injector, N (cylinder) injection pump, N (cylinder) fuel inlet pipe, N (cylinder) fuel return pipe, N (cylinder) high-pressure fuel pipe, N (cylinder) cylinder liner, N (cylinder) piston, N (cylinder) connecting rod, etc. (these are components). The engine oil system (subsystem) includes the oil pump, oil heat exchanger, pressure reducing valve, check valve, coarse filter, fine filter, oil inlet line, oil return line, turbocharger inlet line, turbocharger return line, etc. (these are components); the cooling water system (subsystem) includes the high-temperature water pump, high-temperature water inlet line, high-temperature water outlet line, thermostatic valve, low-temperature water pump, low-temperature water inlet line, low-temperature water outlet line, etc. (these are components), and the intercooler (these are non-disassembled large components); the fuel system (subsystem) includes the fuel delivery pump, fuel inlet line, fuel return line, fuel return line check valve, fuel system pressure regulating valve, fuel coarse filter, fuel fine filter, and high-pressure fuel pump. Rail pressure control valve, etc. (the above are components); The turbocharger system (subsystem) includes the left and right turbochargers (the above are non-disassembleable large components), left and right air filters, left and right intake pipes, oil-gas separator, etc. (the above are components); The exhaust system (subsystem) includes the left and right exhaust bellows, left and right exhaust pipes, bellows gaskets, etc. (the above are components); The starting system (subsystem) includes the left and right starter motors, left and right starter air ducts, right starter air ducts, etc. (the above are components); The control system (subsystem) includes the electronic fuel injection controller, control cabinet, and electronic fuel injection power supply. Source, fuel injection pump wiring harness, sensor wiring harness, VTG turbocharger control wiring harness, pressure sensor, temperature sensor, speed sensor and other various sensors (the above are components); oil pan (subsystem) attached to the oil pan (non-disassembled large component); pump support box (subsystem) attached to the pump support box (non-disassembled large component); camshaft (subsystem) attached to the camshaft (non-disassembled large component); cam follower mechanism (subsystem) attached to the cam follower mechanism (non-disassembled large component); large gear, small gear, transition gear, crankshaft gear, camshaft gear and other components attached to the transmission mechanism (the above are components); coupling assembly (subsystem) attached to the coupling assembly (non-disassembled large component).The diesel engine's external (area) auxiliary systems include the oil system (subsystem), which houses components such as the oil heat exchanger, oil filter, and oil lines; the fuel system (subsystem), which houses the electric fuel pump, fuel filter, fuel coarse filter, fuel heat exchanger, fuel lines, and fuel line pressure regulating valve; the cooling water system (subsystem), which houses the expansion tank, radiator, cooling fan, temperature control valve, cooling water lines, and louvers; and the air system (subsystem), which houses the left and right air filters.

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, determine the installation location of the physical component and define the attributes of the installation location according to maintenance requirements. The component is entered with information such as material number, material name, supplier code, supplier name, quantity, unit, main function classification code, auxiliary function classification code, technical modification version, applicable products, importance level, component category, whether it is a fastener, whether it is adjustable, adjustment strategy, and maintenance records.

[0035] Furthermore, the specific method for hierarchical coding of the diesel engine physical structure tree is as follows:

[0036] 1. Based on the above physical structure tree of the diesel engine, starting from the root node, define 1 and 2 in sequence according to the domain decomposition method, which is the internal and external regions of the diesel engine;

[0037] 2. The second level is decomposed by function. Since "internal to diesel engine" refers only to the diesel engine and "external to diesel engine" refers only to the auxiliary system, which can correspond one-to-one with the first level, the second level is not coded separately.

[0038] 3. The third level uses a functional decomposition method, where codes are defined sequentially according to the diesel engine's physical structure tree and connected to the codes of the previous level by a hyphen "-". For example, the engine block (subsystem) is "1-1", and the crankshaft assembly is "1-2". If there are subsystems or functional groups not in the structure tree, their codes are automatically ordered.

[0039] 4. The fourth level uses a physical decomposition method, with codes defined sequentially according to the diesel engine's physical structure tree and connected to the codes of the previous level by a hyphen "-". For example, the engine block (non-decomposable large components) is "1-1-1", the crankshaft is "1-2-1", the shock absorber is "1-2-2", the main bearing shell is "1-2-3", and the connecting rod shell is "1-2-4". Decomposable components are coded in the same way according to the next lower level; for example, the cylinder head of cylinder 1 is "1-3-1-1". If there are components or functional parts not in the structure tree, their codes are automatically ordered in the same way to form a unique identifier for the component.

[0040] 5. The special encoding rules are designed to generate a unique code for each node in the tree structure, and its parent and child nodes can be quickly queried through the code.

[0041] The diesel engine data configuration is constructed based on the aforementioned diesel engine physical structure tree. Diesel engine data is allocated and associated with corresponding functional system nodes according to the hierarchical system of the physical structure tree. All parameter measurement points during diesel engine operation are collected. Based on the installation location of the sensor at each measurement point on the diesel engine's physical component, the hierarchy of that component in the diesel engine's physical structure tree is searched, and measurement points are assigned to their respective levels, ultimately forming a tree-like data configuration based on the diesel engine's physical structure tree. Parameters related to the overall operating status of the diesel engine are directly associated with the diesel engine in the functional decomposition. Parameters whose sensor installation locations are related to each subsystem or functional group are associated with the corresponding functional category. In principle, parameters should not be associated with physical components. Physical components are only used for managing and maintaining component information and are not used to reflect the diesel engine's status. Parameters related to the overall performance of the diesel engine, such as engine speed, power, load rate, and main power, are assigned to the "Diesel Engine" category in the functional decomposition. Similarly, parameters from components in the oil system, such as oil inlet pressure and temperature, which are measured by temperature and pressure sensors, are assigned to the "Oil System" category. These parameters are then distributed sequentially, forming a tree-like data structure based on the diesel engine's physical structure tree. Feature extraction values, status classification results, parameter warning states, fault diagnoses, component life management results, parameter trend analysis results, and fault diagnosis results for a specific parameter are also associated with the same level of that parameter. These are used to determine the system's health status. If an alarm is detected based on all warning states and diagnostic results at that level, the diesel engine system is considered faulty. For example, oil inlet pressure and oil inlet temperature are assigned to the "Oil System" category. Over-temperature warnings generated by oil inlet temperature, oil availability calculated from oil inlet pressure, and pressure drop warnings obtained from oil inlet pressure analysis are also assigned to the "Oil System" category. This data configuration can reflect the status of the system through a single system parameter, making it convenient for technicians to access and analyze.

[0042] The method disclosed in this invention provides a diesel engine physical structure tree configuration using a hybrid decomposition method combining region decomposition, functional decomposition, and physical decomposition. A unique component identifier is obtained by designing a coding method according to the hierarchy of the diesel engine physical structure tree. Data is then linked according to the diesel engine physical structure tree, establishing the association between the structure tree and the data, forming a tree-like data management system based on the diesel engine physical structure tree. This allows component information and maintenance records to be entered into the structure tree, achieving unified management of diesel engine operating data and component maintenance information.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a physical structure tree and data configuration for a diesel engine, characterized in that: include: The diesel engine operating parameters, material information, operational information, and planned maintenance information are linked through a physical structure tree. A physical structure tree decomposition diagram of the diesel engine is established based on a hybrid decomposition method that combines regional decomposition, functional decomposition, and physical decomposition. The physical structure tree of the diesel engine is assigned and encoded, and automatically assigned layer by layer from the root node to the child nodes. Obtain multiple parameter data of the diesel engine, allocate the parameter data according to the hierarchy of the physical structure tree and attach it to the corresponding node, and establish the relationship between the structure tree and the data to form a data structure; Based on data architecture, fault diagnosis and maintenance information recording of diesel engine operating conditions are performed. The feature extraction value, status classification result, parameter warning status, fault diagnosis, component life management result, parameter trend analysis result, and fault diagnosis result obtained based on a certain parameter are also associated with the same level of the parameter to determine the health status of the system. Combining all warning statuses and diagnostic results at the level, if an alarm is present, then the diesel engine system has a fault. When creating the physical structure tree decomposition diagram of a diesel engine: Establish the first level: Based on the regional decomposition method, the diesel engine is divided into two parts in the spatial dimension: the diesel engine interior and the diesel engine exterior. Establish a second level: Use the functional decomposition method to decompose the diesel engine into its internal components and the auxiliary systems outside the diesel engine, decomposing the systems downwards from the root node as child nodes; Establish a third level: Diesel engines are divided into multiple subsystems or functional groups according to their functions, and auxiliary systems are divided into multiple subsystems. The physical components that make up the diesel engine are attached to the various subsystems according to the physical decomposition method; When attaching parameter data to a corresponding node, the following method is used: Collect all parameter measurement points during the operation of the diesel engine. Based on the installation position of the sensor of each measurement point on the physical component of the diesel engine, search the level of the physical component in the physical structure tree of the diesel engine, and assign the measurement points to their respective levels one by one, finally forming a tree-like data structure based on the physical structure tree of the diesel engine.

2. The diesel engine physical structure tree and data configuration construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hardware elements are further decomposed using the physical decomposition method. Based on the functional decomposition of the previous level, the physical components are attached and assembled using the assembly concept. The physical components are divided into three parts: non-decomposable large components, decomposable large components, and parts. Decomposable large components need to be decomposed into parts.

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