A method for detecting the reaction state of a gasifier

Abstract

The present application aims to provide a method for detecting the reaction state of a gasification furnace, which prepares a tracer generator and a tracer detector, wherein the tracer generator is installed at the material inlet of the gasification furnace, and the tracer detector is installed at the material outlet of the gasification furnace. As a front-end detection means, the method can effectively represent the strength of the coal gasification reaction, can timely and sensitively find the changes of the flow field shape and operation condition of the gas burner after the gas combustion reaction, and qualitatively judges the ablation and wear conditions of the components in the gasification furnace system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention is applicable to the fields of pulverized coal gasifiers and coal-water slurry gasifiers in coal chemical industry, and particularly relates to the detection of the gasification reaction state of pulverized coal gasifiers and coal-water slurry gasifiers, specifically relating to a method for detecting the reaction state of a gasifier. Background Technology

[0002] New coal gasification technology is an important direction for coal utilization, and currently the mainstream technologies are divided into two types: coal-water slurry gasification and pulverized coal gasification. Both utilize coal combustion in a high-pressure, pure oxygen environment, offering advantages such as wide coal adaptability, high gasification efficiency, and high energy utilization rate, and have gradually replaced traditional atmospheric pressure gasification processes. In the high-temperature, high-pressure, pure oxygen environment of new coal gasification technology, pulverized coal or coal-water slurry undergoes a gasification reaction in the furnace, generating high-temperature, high-pressure crude syngas (CO+H2+CO2). After quenching and ash removal, this crude syngas is sent to the next process.

[0003] As is well known, coal gasification is a "black box" reaction. With use, erosion and wear can occur inside the gasifier. If it is not inspected for a long time, adverse changes in the gasifier's reaction, flow field, and operation will occur, reducing reaction efficiency. Therefore, gasifier inspection is necessary. Conventional inspection methods can only characterize the gasifier's reaction through result parameters such as gasifier pressure, syngas flow rate, furnace temperature, and coil density, thus indirectly judging whether serious erosion or wear has occurred inside the gasifier. This inspection method relies on experience and imagination to detect the gasifier reaction, resulting in significant lag in operation and adjustment. This leads to safety hazards such as overheating and erosion during gasifier operation. At the same time, the data obtained by conventional inspection methods are greatly affected by changes in coal type, furnace type, and production load, making it difficult to provide a basis for design optimization and manufacturing improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for detecting the reaction state of a gasifier. As a front-end detection means, it can effectively characterize the strength of coal gasification reaction, and can timely and sensitively detect changes in the flow field morphology and operating conditions after the combustion reaction of the gas ejected from the gasifier burner, and qualitatively judge the erosion and wear of the components in the gasifier system.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A method for detecting the reaction state of a gasifier includes the following steps: S1. Prepare a tracer generator and a tracer detector, wherein the tracer generator is installed at the material inlet of the gasifier and the tracer detector is installed at the material outlet of the gasifier. S2. The tracer generator contains tracer. Turn on the tracer generator and add the tracer to the gasifier material inlet according to the predetermined "time-addition amount" curve. S3. The tracer enters the gasifier along with the gasifier material and is eventually discharged from the gasifier material outlet along with the reaction gas. The tracer content in the reaction gas at the gasifier material outlet is detected by a tracer detector. The pattern of tracer content change is analyzed to obtain the "time-detection quantity" curve. S4. When periodically inspecting the gasifier, repeat steps S2-S3 to obtain the "time-inspection quantity" curve; S5. By comparing the "time-detection quantity" curve obtained in step S4 with the "time-detection quantity" curve obtained in step S3, the erosion and wear of the components in the gasifier system can be qualitatively determined.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes the following steps: S6. When the burner structure inside the gasifier is changed, repeat steps S2-S3 to obtain the "time-detection quantity" curve. S7. By comparing the "time-detection quantity" curve obtained in step S6 with the "time-detection quantity" curve obtained in step S3, the design, manufacturing, optimization and improvement of the gasifier burner structure can be qualitatively judged.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S2, the tracer can be added to the gasifier material inlet in a manner that includes continuous addition, pulse addition, or waveform addition.

[0008] Furthermore, the tracer is an inert gas such as argon or helium.

[0009] Furthermore, in step 2, the tracer is added at the material inlet of the gasifier via an oxygen channel, a coal channel, a fuel gas channel, or a protective gas channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the tracer generator includes a high-pressure gas storage cylinder, a solenoid valve, a regulating valve, a flow meter, and a connecting pipeline connected in sequence. The tracer generator is integrated and installed at the inlet of the gasifier material.

[0011] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention compared with the prior art are as follows: 1. Install the tracer generator at the gasifier material inlet and the tracer detector at the gasifier material outlet. Add the tracer to the gasifier material inlet according to the predetermined "time-addition amount" curve. Detect the tracer content in the reaction gas at the gasifier material outlet using the tracer detector, analyze the pattern of tracer content change, and thus obtain the "time-detection amount" curve. By obtaining the "time-addition amount" curve and "time-detection amount" curve at different time stages, changes in the flow field morphology and operating conditions within the gasifier can be detected in a timely and sensitive manner, and the ablation and wear of components within the gasifier system can be assessed. 2. When the burner structure inside the gasifier is changed, the "time-measurement" curve is obtained; this can reveal the coal gasification reaction under different burner structures and different gasifier structures, providing a basis for the design, manufacturing, optimization and improvement of the gasifier system; 3. This invention, by installing a tracer generator on the gasifier, detects the relevant change curves of the tracer and characterizes the relevant parameters of the gasification reaction state. In addition to conventional detection methods such as pressure, temperature, flow rate, and liquid level, it enriches the detection methods and provides data support and basis for operation adjustment, modification and optimization, and has good application value. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the gasifier described in this invention; Figure 2 This is a "time-addition amount" curve for one stage in Example 1; Figure 3 This is a time-to-detection curve for one stage in Example 1; Figure 4 This is a graph showing the "time-detection quantity" curve in the two stages of Example 1; Figure 5 This is a "time-addition amount" curve for one stage in Example 2; Figure 6 This is a time-to-detection curve for one stage in Example 2; Figure 7 This is a graph showing the "time-detection quantity" curve in the two stages of Example 2; In the diagram: 1. Tracer generator, 2. Burner, 3. Gasifier, 4. Tracer detector. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0014] In the description of the invention, it should be understood that the terms "front," "rear," "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the invention. The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0015] To overcome the problems of the prior art, and to effectively characterize the strength of coal gasification reactions, and to promptly and sensitively detect changes in the flow field morphology and operating conditions after the combustion reaction of the gasifier burner, thereby qualitatively judging the erosion and wear of components within the gasifier system, this application discloses a method for detecting the reaction state of a gasifier, which mainly includes the following steps: S1. Prepare tracer generator 1 and tracer detector 4. The tracer generator 1 is installed at the material inlet of the gasifier. The tracer generator 1 includes a high-pressure gas cylinder, a solenoid valve, a regulating valve, a flow meter, and connecting pipes connected in sequence. The integrated tracer generator 1 is installed at the material inlet of the gasifier 3. The connecting pipes are respectively connected to the oxygen channel, coal channel, fuel gas channel, and protective gas channel at the material inlet of the gasifier. With this design, the tracer generator 1 can selectively introduce the tracer into the oxygen channel, coal channel, fuel gas channel, or protective gas channel. The tracer detector 4 is installed at the material outlet of the gasifier 3. S2. First, obtain the "time-inspection quantity" curve of the gasifier under normal operating conditions that meet production standards; The tracer generator 1 contains a tracer, typically an inert gas such as argon or helium. The tracer generator 1 is turned on, and the tracer is added to the gasifier inlet according to the predetermined "time-addition rate" curve. The "time-addition amount" curve is a curve with time on the horizontal axis and tracer addition amount on the vertical axis. In this application, the tracer is added to the gasifier material inlet in a continuous, pulsed, or waveform manner. Therefore, the "time-addition amount" curve can be a horizontal line, a pulse curve, or a sine / cosine wave curve. S3. The tracer enters the gasifier along with the gasifier material and is eventually discharged from the gasifier material outlet along with the reaction gas. The tracer content in the reaction gas at the gasifier material outlet is detected by a tracer detector. The pattern of tracer content change is analyzed to obtain the "time-detection quantity" curve of the gasifier in the initial state. S4. When periodically inspecting the gasifier, repeat steps S2-S3 to obtain the "time-inspection quantity" curve of the gasifier for a specific time period. S5. By comparing the "time-detection quantity" curve obtained in step S4 with the "time-detection quantity" curve obtained in step S3, the erosion and wear of the components in the gasifier system can be qualitatively determined. S6. At the same time, when it is necessary to improve the structure of the burner 2 inside the gasifier, after changing the corresponding structure, run the gasifier and repeat steps S2-S3 to obtain the "time-detection quantity" curve. S7. By comparing the "time-detection quantity" curve obtained in step S6 with the "time-detection quantity" curve obtained in step S3, the design, manufacturing, optimization and improvement of the gasifier burner structure can be qualitatively judged.

[0016] Example 1 Taking the gasifier as an example, after the gasifier has been running for a period of time, the gasifier is periodically inspected to determine the burning and wear of the components in the gasifier system. The method for detecting the reaction state of the gasifier disclosed in this application is followed.

[0017] In the first stage, the "time-detection quantity" curve of the gasifier under normal operating conditions that meet production standards is obtained. In step S2, argon is selected as the tracer, and the tracer is added to the oxygen channel at the material inlet of the gasifier according to the predetermined "time-addition quantity" curve. Figure 2 As shown, the "time-addition amount" curve is a pulse curve, with each addition lasting 1 second. The addition amount is controlled by the argon pressure, and each addition is made once every 10 seconds. The addition amount is usually controlled to not exceed 0.5% of the oxygen amount. If the addition amount is too high, it will affect the vaporization reaction and cause distortion; if the addition amount is too low, it will not be easily detected by the tracer detector.

[0018] In step S3, the argon gas follows the oxygen flow into the gasifier. The oxygen reacts violently with the pulverized coal, while the argon, as an inert gas, does not participate in the reaction. Its flow is influenced by the intensity of the reaction, either by the gas flow or by its aggregation or dispersion after colliding with different internal components within the gasifier. After the reaction, the argon gas flows into the gasifier outlet pipe with the crude syngas. A tracer detector monitors the argon content in the crude syngas in real time. Figure 3 As shown, the "time-detection quantity" curve of the gasifier in its initial state is obtained.

[0019] contrast Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that the peak content of the "time-detection" curve decreased from 0.1% to 0.06%, and the pulse time of 1 second was extended to 4.3 seconds.

[0020] In the second stage, after the gasifier has been running for a period of time, when periodically inspecting the gasifier, steps S2-S3 are repeated to obtain the "time-detection quantity" curve after the gasifier has been running for a period of time. The "time-addition quantity" curves in the two stages are the same. By combining the "time-addition quantity" curves and comparing the "time-detection quantity" curves in the initial state of the gasifier with the "time-detection quantity" curves after the gasifier has been running for a period of time, the ablation and wear of the components within the gasifier system can be qualitatively determined. In this embodiment, for example... Figure 4As shown, at the end of the gasifier's operation, severe internal blockage and backmixing of the flow field occurred. When tracer was added in a pulse pattern, the tracer content at the outlet was no longer clearly pulsed; the peaks and troughs merged together, and the peak value was not high. The shape of the tracer content curve at the outlet indicates the degree of blockage within the gasifier; generally, the smoother the curve, the more severe the blockage. The specific gasifier exhibits characteristic curve shapes, determining whether a shutdown for maintenance is necessary.

[0021] Example 2 Taking the modification and design of the gasifier burner structure and the evaluation of its design, manufacturing, optimization and improvement as an example, the method for detecting the gasifier reaction state disclosed in this application is followed.

[0022] In the first stage, the "time-detection quantity" curve of the gasifier under normal operating conditions that meet production standards is obtained. In step S2, argon is selected as the tracer, and the tracer is added to the oxygen channel at the material inlet of the gasifier according to the predetermined "time-addition quantity" curve. Figure 5 As shown, the "time-addition amount" curve is a sine wave. In step S3, the argon gas follows the oxygen flow into the gasifier. The oxygen and pulverized coal undergo a vigorous gasification reaction, while the argon gas, as an inert gas, does not participate in the reaction. It only flows with the gas flow depending on the intensity of the reaction, or undergoes aggregation and dispersion changes after colliding with different structural components in different gasifier bodies. After the reaction is completed, the argon gas enters the gasifier outlet pipe with the crude syngas flow. The tracer detector monitors the argon content in the crude syngas in real time, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the "time-detection quantity" curve of the gasifier in its initial state is obtained.

[0023] In the second stage, the structure of the gasifier burner and the internal components of the gasifier are modified and optimized one by one. When testing the gasifier, steps S2-S3 are repeated, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the "time-detection quantity" curves after the gasifier has been running for a period of time are obtained. The "time-addition quantity" curves for the two stages are the same. By combining the "time-addition quantity" curves and comparing the "time-detection quantity" curves of the gasifier in its initial state with those of the gasifier after structural modification, the design, manufacturing, and optimization improvements can be qualitatively evaluated. In this embodiment, the smoother the content curve detected at the outlet, the more prominent the mixing and backmixing phenomena in the flow field. For the gasifier burner and internal components, some components require enhanced mixing. By using tracers, it is possible to accurately determine whether replacing these components has enhanced or weakened mixing. Conversely, some components are designed to minimize mixing, and the same tracer method can be used for inspection and optimization.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the reaction state of a gasifier, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Prepare a tracer generator and a tracer detector, wherein the tracer generator is installed at the material inlet of the gasifier and the tracer detector is installed at the material outlet of the gasifier. S2. The tracer generator contains a tracer, which is an inert gas such as argon or helium. The tracer generator is turned on, and the tracer is added to the gasifier material inlet according to the predetermined "time-addition amount" curve. The "time-addition amount" curve is a sine wave curve. S3. The tracer enters the gasifier along with the gasifier material and is eventually discharged from the gasifier material outlet along with the reaction gas. The tracer content in the reaction gas at the gasifier material outlet is detected by a tracer detector. The pattern of tracer content change is analyzed to obtain the "time-detection quantity" curve. S4. When the burner structure inside the gasifier is changed, repeat steps S2-S3 to obtain the "time-detection quantity" curve. S5. By comparing the "time-detection quantity" curve obtained in step S4 with the "time-detection quantity" curve obtained in step S3, the design, manufacturing, optimization and improvement of the gasifier burner structure can be qualitatively judged. The smoother the content curve detected at the outlet, the more prominent the mixing and back-mixing phenomena in the flow field. For the gasifier burner, some components need to enhance mixing. By using tracers, it can be accurately determined whether the replacement of the component has enhanced or weakened mixing.

2. The method for detecting the reaction state of a gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the tracer is added at the gasifier material inlet via an oxygen channel, a coal channel, a fuel gas channel, or a protective gas channel.

3. The method for detecting the reaction state of a gasifier according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The tracer generator includes a high-pressure gas storage cylinder, a solenoid valve, a regulating valve, a flow meter, and connecting pipelines connected in sequence. The tracer generator is integrated and installed at the inlet of the gasifier material.

Images