An electronic device

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which comprises a linear loop antenna or a slot loop antenna. Wherein, when the linear loop antenna or the slot loop antenna is symmetrical in the radiator or the loop-shaped slot, the common mode and the differential mode can be respectively excited through the symmetrical feed and the anti-symmetrical feed. The radiation generated by the two modes is orthogonal in the far field integration, therefore, the two feed units have good isolation, and the double-antenna structure of the common body can be formed. Meanwhile, the linear loop antenna or the slot loop antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application can excite the common mode and the differential mode at the same time when the asymmetric feed is used, the working bandwidth of the antenna is expanded by using multiple working modes of the antenna, and more frequency ranges can be covered by the antenna in the limited volume.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the invention application filed on June 5, 2020, with Chinese application number 202010504820.X and title "An Electronic Device". Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of wireless communication, and more particularly to an electronic device. Background Technology

[0003] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, second-generation (2G) mobile communication systems primarily supported voice calls. Electronic devices were simply tools for sending and receiving text messages and communicating via voice. Wireless internet access was extremely slow because data transmission relied on voice channels. Nowadays, in addition to making calls, sending text messages, and taking photos, electronic devices can be used for online music streaming, watching online movies and live video, covering a wide range of applications in people's lives, including communication, entertainment, and e-commerce. Many of these applications require wireless networks for uploading and downloading data; therefore, high-speed data transmission has become extremely important.

[0004] As the demand for high-speed data transmission increases, the requirements for antennas also become more stringent. However, the space available for antennas within electronic devices is limited. Therefore, the goal of antenna design is to cover the widest frequency range with the smallest possible volume, which requires the comprehensive utilization of multiple antenna operating modes. On the other hand, with the increasing number of antennas, achieving good isolation between them has also become a pressing issue. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an electronic device that may include an antenna structure. When the antenna structure is symmetrical, common-mode and differential-mode modes can be excited respectively through symmetrical feeding and anti-symmetrical feeding. The radiation generated by the two modes is orthogonal in the far-field integral, and the antenna structure can be used as a shared dual antenna. When the antenna structure uses asymmetrical feeding or is asymmetrical in design, a single feeding element can simultaneously excite common-mode and differential-mode modes. By utilizing multiple operating modes of the antenna, the operating bandwidth of the antenna is extended, allowing the antenna to cover a wider frequency range within a limited volume, and the antenna structure can be used as a broadband antenna.

[0006] In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: an antenna structure, the antenna structure comprising: a first radiator, the first radiator including a first end and a second end; a second radiator, the second radiator including a first end and a second end; wherein the first end of the first radiator and the first end of the second radiator are opposite to each other and do not contact each other, and a gap is formed between the first end of the first radiator and the first end of the second radiator; the first radiator and the second radiator are bent, and the spatial region formed between the first radiator, the second radiator and the gap is T-shaped; the second end of the first radiator is grounded, and the second end of the second radiator is grounded.

[0007] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the slotted linear loop antenna structure formed by the first radiator and the second radiator can generate multiple operating modes, expand the operating bandwidth, and enable the antenna to cover more frequency ranges within the limited volume of the electronic device.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first radiator is located on one side of an axis of the slit, and the second radiator is located on the other side of the axis.

[0009] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the first radiator and the second radiator can be located on opposite sides of the axis of the slot. It should be understood that a more symmetrical structure can result in better overall isolation for the antenna.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first radiator and the second radiator are symmetrical along the axis.

[0011] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, when the first radiator and the second radiator are symmetrical along the axis, the common-mode and differential-mode modes on the antenna structure can be excited separately, and the antenna structure provided in this application embodiment can be used as a common dual antenna. When the first radiator and the second radiator are asymmetrical along the first direction, all common-mode and differential-mode modes on the antenna structure can be excited simultaneously through a single feed element, thereby achieving coverage of more modes in the antenna structure and obtaining a wider operating bandwidth. However, in this case, the antenna structure provided in this application embodiment can only include one feed element and can be used as a broadband single antenna.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a first feeding unit, which feeds the antenna structure at a first end of the first radiator and a first end of the second radiator.

[0013] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the first feeding unit can feed the antenna structure in a symmetrical feeding manner, which can excite the common mode of the antenna structure.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes: a metal component; wherein the first feeding unit indirectly couples the antenna structure through the metal component at a first end of the first radiator and a first end of the second radiator.

[0015] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, the metal component can be a metal spring, and the first feeding unit can indirectly couple power to the antenna through the metal spring. Alternatively, to achieve the indirect coupling feeding structure, the metal component can also be a metal patch disposed on a printed circuit board of the electronic device. Since the distance between the metal patch and the gap increases after the metal patch is disposed on the printed circuit board, the coupling area can be increased accordingly, achieving the same effect. Indirect coupling feeding can broaden the bandwidth of the antenna structure.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, when the first power supply unit is powered, the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator are symmetrical along the axis.

[0017] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first feeding unit uses a symmetrical feeding method to feed the antenna structure. When the first feeding unit is feeding, at 2N-1 current reversal points on the first radiator or the second radiator, the resonance generated by the antenna structure can be defined as a common-mode mode of N-1 / 2 wavelengths, where N is a positive integer.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a second power supply unit, the positive terminal of which is electrically connected to the second end of the first radiator, and the negative terminal of which is electrically connected to the second end of the second radiator.

[0019] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the second feeding unit can feed the antenna structure in an antisymmetric feeding manner, which can excite the differential mode of the antenna structure.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, when the second feeding unit is feeding, the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator are anti-symmetrical along the axis.

[0021] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, the second feeding unit uses an antisymmetric feeding method to feed the antenna structure. When the second feeding unit is feeding, at 2N-2 points of reverse current on the first radiator or the second radiator, the resonance generated by the antenna structure can be defined as a differential mode of N-1 / 2 wavelengths, where N is a positive integer.

[0022] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a filter; wherein one end of the filter is electrically connected to a first end of the first radiator, and the other end is electrically connected to a first end of the second radiator; when the second feeding unit feeds power, the filter exhibits bandpass characteristics in the frequency band corresponding to the resonance generated when the antenna structure operates in N-times wavelength mode, and the filter exhibits bandstop characteristics in the frequency band corresponding to the resonance generated when the antenna structure operates in N-1 / 2 wavelength mode.

[0023] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, the filter can exhibit bandpass characteristics in the frequency band corresponding to the resonance generated by the antenna structure operating in the N-times wavelength mode, i.e., the filter is turned on, electrically connecting the first radiator and the second radiator. In this case, the antenna structure is a loop antenna without slots (closed), capable of operating in the N-times wavelength mode. Alternatively, the filter can exhibit bandstop characteristics in the frequency band corresponding to the resonance generated by the antenna structure operating in the N-1 / 2 wavelength mode, i.e., the filter is not turned on, creating an open circuit between the first and second radiators. In this case, the antenna structure is a loop antenna including slots, capable of operating in the N-1 / 2 wavelength mode. Therefore, when the second feeding unit is powered, both the N-times wavelength mode and the N-1 / 2 wavelength mode can be excited simultaneously, expanding the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure.

[0024] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a third feeding unit; the third feeding unit feeds the antenna structure on the first radiator; or, the third feeding unit feeds the antenna structure on the second radiator.

[0025] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, when the antenna structure adopts asymmetric feeding, all common-mode and differential-mode modes on the antenna structure can be excited simultaneously through a single feeding unit, thereby achieving coverage of more modes in the antenna structure and obtaining a wider operating bandwidth. However, in this case, the antenna structure provided by this application embodiment can only include one feeding unit and can be used as a broadband single antenna.

[0026] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes: an antenna support; wherein the antenna structure is disposed on the surface of the antenna support.

[0027] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the antenna structure can be set on the frame or back cover of the electronic device, or it can be realized by using laser direct forming technology, flexible circuit board printing or floating metal, etc. on the antenna bracket.

[0028] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes: an antenna bracket; wherein the first radiator includes a first part and a second part; the second radiator includes a third part and a fourth part; the first part and the third part are part of the metal frame of the electronic device; the second part and the fourth part are disposed on the surface of the antenna bracket; the first part and the second part are directly electrically connected, and the third part and the fourth part are directly electrically connected.

[0029] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the antenna structure can be composed of a metal frame antenna and a bracket antenna, which can make better use of the space inside the electronic device.

[0030] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes: a matching network; the matching network includes: a first inductor, a second inductor, and a capacitor; wherein one end of the first inductor is electrically connected to the second end of the first radiator, and the other end of the first inductor is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second feed unit; one end of the second inductor is electrically connected to the second end of the second radiator, and the other end of the second inductor is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the second feed unit; the capacitor is connected in parallel between the first inductor and the second inductor.

[0031] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, a matching network can be set at the feed point of each feed unit, and the position of the resonance point generated by the antenna structure can be adjusted.

[0032] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the inductance value of the first inductor is between 0.3nH and 2nH; the inductance value of the second inductor is between 0.3nH and 2nH; and the capacitance value of the capacitor is between 0.3pF and 2pF.

[0033] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the position of the resonance point generated by the resonance of the antenna structure can be adjusted by adjusting the values ​​of the capacitor, inductor or resistor in the matching network.

[0034] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the inductance value of the first inductor is 0.7nH, the inductance value of the second inductor is 0.7nH, and the capacitance value of the capacitor is 0.6pF.

[0035] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, including an antenna structure comprising: a metal component; wherein, the metal component is provided with an annular slit; the annular slit divides the metal component into a first region and a second region, the first region being T-shaped.

[0036] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes: a connector; the connector is used to connect the first region and the second region, so that the first region and the second region are electrically connected, and the connector divides the annular gap into a first gap and a second gap.

[0037] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the connector is disposed on the axis of the first region, and the first gap and the second gap are located on both sides of the axis.

[0038] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first region and the second region are symmetrical along the axis.

[0039] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes a fourth feeding unit; a first feeding point is provided on the first region, and the first feeding point is located on the axis; the fourth feeding unit feeds the antenna structure at the first feeding point.

[0040] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, when the fourth power supply unit is powered, the electric field on the annular gap is symmetrical along the axis.

[0041] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes a fifth power supply unit; a second power supply point and a third power supply point are provided on the second region, the second power supply point and the third power supply point being symmetrical along the axis; the positive electrode of the fifth power supply unit is electrically connected to the metal component at the second power supply point, and the negative electrode of the fifth power supply unit is electrically connected to the metal component at the third power supply point.

[0042] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, when the fifth power supply unit is powered, the electric field on the annular gap is antisymmetric along the axis.

[0043] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes a sixth feeding unit; a fourth feeding point is provided on the metal part, and the sixth feeding unit feeds the antenna structure at the fourth feeding point.

[0044] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes: an antenna support; wherein the antenna structure is disposed on the surface of the antenna support.

[0045] Thirdly, an electronic device is provided, comprising at least one antenna structure as described in the first aspect above and at least one antenna structure as described in the second aspect above. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0047] Figure 2 This is the structure of the common-mode antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution diagram.

[0048] Figure 3 This is the structure of the differential mode of the linear antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution diagram.

[0049] Figure 4 This is the structure of the common-mode of the slot antenna provided in this application, and the corresponding distribution diagrams of current, electric field, and magnetic current.

[0050] Figure 5 This is the structure of the differential mode of the slot antenna provided in this application, and the corresponding distribution diagrams of current, electric field, and magnetic current.

[0051] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a linear loop antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0052] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Different views of the antenna structure shown.

[0053] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another power supply unit connection method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0054] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the parasitic branch provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0055] Figure 10 This is a current distribution diagram of the linear loop antenna when the first feeding unit is being fed.

[0056] Figure 11 This is a current distribution diagram of the linear loop antenna when the second feeding unit is feeding.

[0057] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the asymmetric power supply structure provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0058] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a closed loop antenna.

[0059] Figure 14This is a comparison chart of the S-parameter simulation results when the first power supply unit is powered.

[0060] Figure 15 This is a comparison chart of the S-parameter simulation results when the second power supply unit is powered.

[0061] Figure 16 This is a comparison chart of system efficiency simulation results.

[0062] Figure 17 for Figure 6 The isolation between the first feed element and the second feed element of the linear loop antenna shown.

[0063] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of another linear loop antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0064] Figure 19 This is a current distribution diagram of the linear loop antenna when the filter is turned on.

[0065] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of a matching network provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0066] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of a slotted ring antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0067] Figure 22 This is a diagram showing the current and electric field distribution of the slotted ring antenna when the fourth feed unit is being fed.

[0068] Figure 23 This is a diagram showing the current and electric field distribution of the slotted ring antenna when the fifth feed unit is being fed.

[0069] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the asymmetric power supply structure provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0070] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of another slotted loop antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0071] Figure 26 This is a diagram showing the current and electric field distribution of the slotted ring antenna when the fourth feed unit is being fed.

[0072] Figure 27 This is a diagram showing the current and electric field distribution of the slotted ring antenna when the fifth feed unit is being fed.

[0073] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of the asymmetric power supply structure provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0074] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of a dual-antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0075] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0076] The technical solutions provided in this application are applicable to electronic devices employing one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, Global Positioning System (GPS) communication technology, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) communication technology, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) communication technology, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) communication technology, Long Term Evolution (LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology, Sub-6G communication technology, and other future communication technologies. The electronic devices in the embodiments of this application can be mobile phones, tablets, laptops, smart bracelets, smartwatches, smart helmets, smart glasses, etc. Electronic devices can also be cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, in-vehicle devices, terminal devices in 5G networks, or terminal devices in future evolved public land mobile networks (PLMNs), etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited thereto.

[0077] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Here, a mobile phone is used as the electronic device for description.

[0078] like Figure 1 As shown, the electronic device has a cube-like shape and may include a frame 10 and a display screen 20. Both the frame 10 and the display screen 20 can be mounted on the middle frame (not shown in the figure). The frame 10 can be divided into a top frame, a bottom frame, a left frame, and a right frame. These frames are connected to each other, and a certain curvature or chamfer can be formed at the connection point.

[0079] Electronic devices also include internal printed circuit boards (PCBs), on which electronic components can be mounted. These electronic components may include, but are not limited to, capacitors, inductors, resistors, processors, cameras, flashlights, microphones, batteries, etc.

[0080] The frame 10 can be a metal frame, such as copper, magnesium alloy, stainless steel, or plastic, glass, ceramic, or a combination of metal and plastic.

[0081] In recent years, mobile communication has become increasingly important in people's lives, especially with the arrival of the fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication system era, which places increasingly higher demands on antennas. The space available for antennas within electronic devices is limited; therefore, how to design antennas with the smallest possible size while achieving the widest frequency coverage is a pressing problem to be solved.

[0082] In traditional loop antenna designs, when antisymmetric feeding is used, the lowest mode is always a one-wavelength mode. Due to the limited size of electronic devices, only higher frequency bands, such as 1700MHz-2700MHz, can be covered, while lower frequency bands, such as 700MHz-960MHz, cannot be covered. Furthermore, traditional loop antenna structures have a limited number of usable modes, requiring more modes to achieve wide bandwidth coverage.

[0083] This application provides an antenna structure design scheme that utilizes multiple operating modes to expand the antenna's operating bandwidth, enabling the antenna to cover a wider frequency range within a limited volume. Furthermore, this antenna structure can be used to create a shared dual-antenna structure with good isolation between the two antennas.

[0084] First, by Figures 2 to 5 This application will cover four antenna modes. Among them, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the common-mode structure of a linear antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the differential mode structure of another line antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the common-mode structure of a slot antenna provided in this application, and the corresponding distribution of current, electric field, and magnetic current. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the differential mode structure of another slot antenna provided in this application, and the corresponding distribution of current, electric field, and magnetic current.

[0085] 1. Common mode (CM) of a linear antenna

[0086] like Figure 2As shown in (a), the line antenna 40 is connected to a feed unit at the middle position 41. The positive terminal of the feed unit is connected to the middle position 41 of the line antenna 40 via a feed wire 42, and the negative terminal of the feed unit is connected to ground (e.g., a floor, which can be a PCB).

[0087] Figure 2 (b) shows the current and electric field distribution of the wire antenna 40. Figure 2 As shown in (b), the currents are symmetrically distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position 41; the electric fields are symmetrically distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 41. Figure 2 As shown in (b), the current at feeder line 42 exhibits a unidirectional distribution. Based on the unidirectional current distribution at feeder line 42, Figure 2 The type of feed shown in (a) can be called the CM feed for a line antenna. Figure 2 The line antenna mode shown in (b) can be called the CM mode of the line antenna. Figure 2 The current and electric field shown in (b) can be referred to as the current and electric field of the CM mode of the linear antenna, respectively.

[0088] The current and electric field in CM mode of the line antenna are generated by the two horizontal stubs on either side of the middle position 41 of the line antenna 40, which operate as an antenna in quarter-wavelength mode. The current is strong at the middle position 41 of the line antenna 40 and weak at both ends of the line antenna 101. The electric field is weak at the middle position 41 of the line antenna 40 and strong at both ends of the line antenna 40.

[0089] 2. Differential mode (DM) of a linear antenna

[0090] like Figure 3 As shown in (a), the wire antenna 50 is connected to a feed unit at the intermediate position 51. The positive terminal of the feed unit is connected to one side of the intermediate position 51 via a feed wire 52, and the negative terminal of the feed unit is connected to the other side of the intermediate position 51 via a feed wire 52.

[0091] Figure 3 (b) shows the current and electric field distribution of the wire antenna 50. Figure 3 As shown in (b), the current is in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 51, exhibiting an antisymmetric distribution; the electric field is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position 51. Figure 3 As shown in (b), the current at feeder line 52 exhibits a reverse distribution. Based on the reverse current distribution at feeder line 52, Figure 3 The type of feed shown in (a) can be called a DM feed for a wire antenna. Figure 3 The line antenna mode shown in (b) can be called the DM mode of the line antenna. Figure 3The current and electric field shown in (b) can be referred to as the current and electric field of the DM mode of the wire antenna, respectively.

[0092] The current and electric field of the line antenna in DM mode are generated by the entire line antenna 50 operating in half-wavelength mode. The current is strong at the middle position 51 of the line antenna 50 and weak at both ends. The electric field is weak at the middle position 51 of the line antenna 50 and strong at both ends.

[0093] 3. CM mode of slot antenna

[0094] like Figure 4 As shown in (a), the slot antenna 60 can be formed by slotting the floor. An opening 62 is provided on one side of the slot 61, specifically in the middle of that side. A feed unit can be connected to the opening 62. The positive terminal of the feed unit can be connected to one side of the opening 62, and the negative terminal of the feed unit can be connected to the other side of the opening 62.

[0095] Figure 4 (b) shows the current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution of the slot antenna 60. Figure 4 As shown in (b), the current is distributed in the same direction around slot 61 on the conductor (such as the floor) surrounding slot 61, the electric field is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position of slot 61, and the magnetic current is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position of slot 61. Figure 4 As shown in (b), the electric field at opening 62 (i.e., the feed point) is in the same direction, and the magnetic current at opening 62 (i.e., the feed point) is also in the same direction. Based on the fact that the magnetic current at opening 62 (the feed point) is in the same direction, Figure 4 The type of feed shown in (a) can be called slot antenna CM feed. Figure 4 The slot antenna mode shown in (b) can be called the CM mode of the slot antenna. Figure 4 The electric field, current, and magnetic current shown in (b) can be distributed as the electric field, current, and magnetic current of the CM mode of the slot antenna.

[0096] The current and electric field in CM mode of the slot antenna are generated by the slot antenna elements on both sides of the middle position of the slot antenna 60 as an antenna operating in quarter-wavelength mode. The current is weak at the middle position of the slot antenna 60 and strong at both ends of the slot antenna 60. The electric field is strong at the middle position of the slot antenna 60 and weak at both ends of the slot antenna 60.

[0097] 4. DM mode of slot antenna

[0098] like Figure 5 As shown in (a), the slot antenna 70 can be formed by slotting the floor. The feed element is connected at the middle position 71 of the slot antenna 70. The positive terminal of the feed element is connected at the middle position of one side of the slot 72, and the negative terminal of the feed element is connected at the middle position of the other side of the slot 72.

[0099] Figure 5 (b) shows the current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution of the slot antenna 70. Figure 5 As shown in (b), on the conductor (such as a floor) surrounding slot 72, the current is distributed around slot 72, and the current is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position of slot 72. The electric field is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position 71, and the magnetic current is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 71. The magnetic current at the feed unit is distributed in opposite directions (not shown). Based on the opposite magnetic current distribution at the feed unit, Figure 5 The type of feed shown in (a) can be called slot antenna DM feed. Figure 5 The slot antenna mode shown in (b) can be called the DM mode of the slot antenna. Figure 5 The electric field, current, and magnetic current shown in (b) are distributed as the electric field, current, and magnetic current of the DM mode of the slot antenna.

[0100] The current and electric field in DM mode of the slot antenna are generated by the entire slot antenna 70 operating in half-wavelength mode. The current is weak at the middle of the slot antenna 70 and strong at both ends. The electric field is strong at the middle of the slot antenna 70 and weak at both ends.

[0101] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a linear loop antenna provided in an embodiment of this application, which can be applied to, for example... Figure 1 In the electronic device shown.

[0102] like Figure 6 As shown, the electronic device may include a first radiator 110 and a second radiator 120.

[0103] In this configuration, the first end 111 of the first radiator 110 and the first end 121 of the second radiator 120 are opposite to each other but do not touch. A gap 130 is formed between the first end 111 of the first radiator 110 and the first end 121 of the second radiator 120. The first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are bent, and the spatial region formed between the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120 and the gap 130 is T-shaped, or in other words, the spatial region formed between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 is cross-shaped. The second end 112 of the first radiator 110 and the second end 122 of the second radiator 120 are positioned adjacent to each other. The second end 112 of the first radiator 110 is grounded, and the second end 122 of the second radiator 120 is grounded. The first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 form a linear loop antenna 100.

[0104] It should be understood that the T-shape formed between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 can be a spatial region, and the linear loop antenna 100 can be folded according to the space inside the electronic device.

[0105] like Figure 7 As shown, due to increasingly limited space within electronic devices, the linear loop antenna 100 can be folded. For example, when the linear loop antenna 100 is mounted on an antenna support, it can be folded towards the PCB 30 to save space within the electronic device. Correspondingly, the T-shape formed between the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, and the slot 130 is also folded. Figure 7 As shown in (a), the linear loop antenna 100 can be positioned at the edge of the PCB 30. Part of the radiator of the linear loop antenna 100 can extend beyond the PCB 30 and lie between the PCB 30 and the frame 10 of the electronic device. Since the space between the PCB 30 and the frame 10 is insufficient to allow the linear loop antenna 100 to be positioned along a plane, the radiator of the linear loop antenna 100 can be folded upwards or downwards (towards or away from the PCB 30). In this case, the T-shaped spatial region of the linear loop antenna 100 is also folded, as shown... Figure 7 As shown in (b) of the diagram. Figure 7 (c) shows the structure of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 after folding in the linear loop antenna.

[0106] At the same time, it should be understood that the first end 111 of the first radiator 110 can be the distance from one end of the first radiator 110 to the endpoint, and cannot be narrowly interpreted as necessarily being a point. The second end 112 of the first radiator 110, the first end 121 of the second radiator 120, and the second end 122 of the second radiator 120 can also be understood accordingly as the above concepts.

[0107] Optionally, the first radiator 110 may be located on one side of an axis 101 of the slit 130, and the second radiator 130 may be located on the other side of the axis 101.

[0108] Optionally, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are symmetrical along axis 101.

[0109] Optionally, the electronic device further includes a first feeding unit 140, which can feed the linear loop antenna 100 at a first end 111 of the first radiator 110 and a second end 121 of the second radiator 120. The first feeding unit 140 feeds the linear loop antenna 100 using a symmetrical feed method.

[0110] It should be understood that symmetrical feeding can be understood as one end of the feeding unit being connected to the radiator and the other end being grounded, wherein the connection point between the feeding unit and the radiator (the feeding point) is located at the center of the radiator.

[0111] Optionally, the first feeding unit 140 can indirectly feed the linear loop antenna 100 through a metal component 141 at the first end 111 of the first radiator 110 and the second end 121 of the second radiator 120. The metal component 141 can be a metal spring, and the first feeding unit 140 can indirectly feed the linear loop antenna 100 through the metal spring. Alternatively, to achieve the indirect coupling feeding structure, the metal component 141 can also be a metal patch mounted on the PCB of the electronic device. Since the distance between the metal patch and the gap increases after mounting the metal patch on the PCB, the coupling area can be increased accordingly, achieving the same effect.

[0112] It should be understood that indirect coupling is a concept relative to direct coupling, i.e., coupling without electrical connection, where the two are not directly electrically connected. Direct coupling, on the other hand, is a direct electrical connection, with power supplied directly at the power supply point.

[0113] Optionally, the first feeding unit 140 can also be electrically connected to the first end 111 and the second end 121 of the slot 130 via a capacitor 142, thereby directly feeding the linear loop antenna 100, such as... Figure 8 As shown.

[0114] Optionally, the electronic device further includes a second feed unit 150, the positive terminal of which is electrically connected to the second end 112 of the first radiator 110, and the negative terminal of which is electrically connected to the second end 122 of the second radiator 120. The second feed unit 150 feeds the linear loop antenna 100 using an anti-symmetrical feed method.

[0115] It should be understood that antisymmetric feeding can be interpreted as the positive and negative poles of the feeding unit being connected to the two ends of the radiator, respectively. The signals output from the positive and negative poles of the feeding unit have the same amplitude but opposite phase.

[0116] Optionally, the linear loop antenna 100 can be disposed on the frame or back cover of the electronic device, or implemented by using laser-direct-structuring (LDS), flexible printed circuit (FPC), or floating metal (FLM) on the antenna bracket. For example, the electronic device may also include an antenna bracket, and the linear loop antenna 100 can be disposed on the surface of the antenna bracket. Alternatively, the first radiator 110 may include a first part and a second part, and the second radiator may include a third part and a fourth part. The first and third parts may be portions of the metal frame of the electronic device, and the second and fourth parts may be disposed on the surface of the antenna bracket. The first and second parts are directly electrically connected to form the first radiator 110, and the third and fourth parts are directly electrically connected to form the second radiator 120. The embodiments of this application do not limit the location of the antenna provided in this application.

[0117] Optionally, the widths of the first radiator 110 or the second radiator 120 may differ at various points, allowing adjustment of the resonant point of the linear loop antenna. For example, the horizontal width W1 and the vertical width W2 of the first radiator 110 may be different. The horizontal or vertical direction may be perpendicular to the axis of the slot, or it may be parallel to the electronic device frame or PCB. This application does not impose limitations on this; it is merely an example.

[0118] Optionally, the width of the first radiator 110 or the second radiator 120 can be changed by the parasitic patch 160, such as... Figure 9 As shown. For example, a parasitic patch 160 can be placed near the first end 111 of the first radiator 110. By adjusting the length or width of the parasitic patch 160, the resonant point at which the linear loop antenna resonates can be changed. Simultaneously, symmetrical parasitic patches 160 can be added at corresponding positions on the second radiator 120, which is symmetrical along the axis of the slot, making the radiator structure of the linear loop antenna 100 symmetrical along the axis of the slot. It should be understood that a more symmetrical structure allows the antenna to achieve better overall isolation.

[0119] Figure 10 and Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of a linear loop antenna when fed by a feed unit. Figure 10 This is a current distribution diagram of the linear loop antenna when the first feeding unit is being fed. Figure 11 This is a current distribution diagram of the linear loop antenna when the second feeding unit is feeding.

[0120] like Figure 10As shown, when the first feeding unit 140 is indirectly fed by a linear loop antenna through a metal component (symmetrical feeding), the currents on the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are symmetrically distributed along the axis 101.

[0121] like Figure 10 As shown in (a), this is a schematic diagram of the current distribution when the linear loop antenna operates in half-wavelength mode and is fed by the first feed unit 140. It should be understood that half-wavelength mode can refer to the situation where, when the antenna structure resonates, the length of the radiator of the antenna structure is half the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point.

[0122] like Figure 10 As shown in (b) above, this is a schematic diagram of the current distribution when the linear loop antenna operates in three-half wavelength mode and is fed by the first feed unit 140. It should be understood that the three-half wavelength mode can refer to the situation where the length of the radiator of the antenna structure is three-half of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point when the antenna structure resonates.

[0123] It should be understood that when the first feed unit 140 is fed, there are 2N-1 current reversal points on the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120. Therefore, the resonance generated by the linear loop antenna can be defined as a CM mode with an N-1 / 2 wavelength, where N is a positive integer. For example, as... Figure 10 As shown in (a), there is a current reversal point on the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, and the linear loop antenna operates in half-wavelength mode. Figure 10 As shown in (b), there are three points of current reversal on the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, and the linear loop antenna operates in a three-half wavelength mode. The current distributed on the radiators of the linear loop antenna is alternating current (AC). Taking the AC current as sinusoidal as an example, the points of current reversal can be understood as the zero points of the sinusoidal current. The currents around the zero points are out of phase, hence the reversal. Due to this characteristic, the current on the radiators reaches its maximum value between the two zero points; that is, the maximum current value is the peak or trough of the sinusoidal current.

[0124] like Figure 11 As shown, the second feed unit 150 achieves linear loop antenna feeding (anti-symmetric feeding) by directly connecting its positive and negative terminals to the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, respectively. The currents on the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are anti-symmetrically distributed along the axis 101.

[0125] like Figure 11 As shown in (a), this is a schematic diagram of the current distribution when the linear loop antenna operates in half-wavelength mode and is fed by the second feeding unit.

[0126] like Figure 11The diagram on the right side of (b) shows the current distribution of the linear loop antenna when it is operating in the three-half wavelength mode and being fed by the second feeding unit.

[0127] It should be understood that when the second feed unit is fed, at 2N-2 points of reverse current on the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, the resonance generated by the linear loop antenna can be defined as a differential mode (DM) of N-1 / 2 wavelengths, where N is a positive integer. For example, as Figure 11 As shown in (a), there are zero current reversal points on the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, and the linear loop antenna operates in half-wavelength mode. Figure 11 As shown in (b), there are two points of reverse current on the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, and the linear loop antenna operates in the three-half wavelength mode.

[0128] When the first and second feed units are fed simultaneously, the linear loop antenna can operate in CM mode and DM mode respectively, and the electric fields generated by them are orthogonal in the far field integral. Orthogonality can be understood as the electric fields resonating in the CM and DM modes satisfying the following formula in the far field:

[0129] ;

[0130] in, When the first feed unit is fed, the electric field in the far field corresponding to the resonance generated by the linear loop antenna corresponds to the CM mode. When the second feed unit is fed, the electric field in the far field corresponding to the resonance generated by the linear loop antenna corresponds to the DM mode.

[0131] Since the electric fields corresponding to the resonances generated by the CM mode and DM mode are orthogonal in the far field integrals, they do not affect each other. Therefore, the first feed unit and the second feed unit have good isolation.

[0132] In this configuration, due to the good isolation between the first and second feed units, they can operate simultaneously. That is, the two feed units of the linear loop antenna can simultaneously transmit and receive, enabling the linear loop antenna to meet the requirements of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. The linear loop antenna provided in this embodiment can be used as a shared dual-antenna structure to meet the needs of multi-antenna systems.

[0133] Meanwhile, since the shared structure of the dual antennas can generate different resonances by sharing the same radiator, the two feed units in the antenna structure can operate simultaneously. Furthermore, the linear loop antenna structure provided in this application is compact, greatly reducing the volume required for the dual antenna structure. Therefore, the linear loop antenna provided in this application embodiment can also achieve miniaturization of the antenna structure.

[0134] Optionally, when the first radiator and the second radiator are asymmetrical along axis 101, all CM and DM modes on the linear loop antenna can be simultaneously excited by a single feed element, thereby achieving coverage of more modes and obtaining a wider operating bandwidth. However, in this case, the linear loop antenna can only include one feed element. If, in this case, the linear loop antenna includes two feed elements, both feed elements can excite all CM and DM modes respectively. The electric fields corresponding to the resonances generated by the two feed elements are not integrally orthogonal in the far field, and the isolation between the two feed elements is very poor. Therefore, in this case, the linear loop antenna is a broadband single-antenna structure and cannot be used as a dual-antenna structure.

[0135] Optionally, when the linear loop antenna uses an asymmetrical feed, all CM and DM modes on the linear loop antenna can be simultaneously excited by a single feed element, thereby achieving coverage of more modes and obtaining a wider operating bandwidth. For example... Figure 12 As shown, the electronic device may include a third feed unit 170. The third feed unit 170 can feed the linear loop antenna 100 using an asymmetric feed on the first radiator 110. Alternatively, it can feed the linear loop antenna 100 using an asymmetric feed on the second radiator 120. This feeding method can excite all CM and DM modes on the linear loop antenna, resulting in a wider operating bandwidth. However, in this case, the linear loop antenna 100 can only include one feed unit. Therefore, the linear loop antenna 100 is a wideband single-antenna structure and cannot be used as a dual-antenna structure.

[0136] It should be understood that asymmetrical feeding can be understood as one end of the feeding unit being connected to the radiator and the other end being grounded, with the connection point between the feeding unit and the radiator deviating from the center of symmetry of the radiator.

[0137] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a closed loop antenna. (For example...) Figure 13 As shown, the method adopted is the same as Figure 6 The antenna structure shown is the same size as the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of this application. The difference in structure is that it does not include gaps and is a complete ring structure.

[0138] in, Figure 6 The antenna structure shown is a slotted ring antenna structure. Figure 13 The antenna structure shown is a closed loop antenna structure.

[0139] Figures 14 to 16 for Figure 6 and Figure 13 The simulation results of the antenna structures shown are compared. Figure 14 Comparison of S-parameter simulation results when powering the first power supply unit. Figure 15 Comparison of S-parameter simulation results when powering the second power supply unit. Figure 16 This is a comparison chart of simulation results for total system efficiency.

[0140] like Figure 14 As shown, Figure 6 The slotted ring antenna structure shown, when using symmetrical feeding, allows the feeding element to excite the N-1 / 2 wavelength modes of the slotted ring antenna structure, such as the half-wavelength mode and the three-half-wavelength mode. Figure 13 The closed loop antenna structure shown can also be excited by the feed unit to N-1 / 2 wavelength modes, such as half-wavelength mode and three-half-wavelength mode.

[0141] like Figure 15 As shown, Figure 6 The slotted loop antenna structure shown, when using antisymmetric feeding, can be excited by the feeding element to N-1 / 2 wavelength modes, such as half-wavelength and three-half-wavelength modes. Figure 13 The closed loop antenna structure shown can be excited by a feed element to N-times wavelength modes, such as a single-wavelength mode and a double-wavelength mode. The lowest mode of the linear loop antenna provided in this embodiment, operating under antisymmetric feeding, is a half-wavelength mode. Compared to the closed loop antenna structure, its lowest mode is lower, and its operating frequency band is also lower for the same antenna structure size. Therefore, the operating frequency band corresponding to the half-wavelength mode generated by the slotted loop antenna structure can cover the low-frequency band (700 MHz - 960 MHz) in Long Term Evolution (LTE). Simultaneously, the operating frequency band corresponding to the three-half-wavelength mode can be used to cover the higher-frequency bands in LTE, such as 1700 MHz - 2700 MHz. Therefore, the linear loop antenna provided in this embodiment achieves coverage of both higher and lower frequency bands within a limited size.

[0142] like Figure 16 The figure shown is a comparison of the simulation results of system efficiency. Figure 6When the slotted loop antenna structure shown operates in half-mode, its corresponding operating frequency band is... Figure 16 The system efficiency curve shown shows a bulge, indicating that the system efficiency of the operating frequency band can meet the requirements of the low-frequency band in LTE. Furthermore, in other operating modes, such as the three-half mode, the system efficiency corresponding to its operating frequency band also meets the requirements. Therefore, the linear loop antenna provided in this application embodiment achieves efficiency in the frequency band corresponding to the generated resonance that meets the needs of practical applications.

[0143] Figure 17 for Figure 6 The simulation diagram shows the S-parameters between the first and second feed elements of the linear loop antenna.

[0144] It should be understood that when the first and second radiators of the linear loop antenna are symmetrical along the axis of the slot, the first feed unit can independently excite the CM mode without exciting the DM mode. The second feed unit can independently excite the DM mode without exciting the CM mode. That is, the first and second feed units can excite the CM and DM modes respectively. However, when the first and second radiators of the linear loop antenna are asymmetrical along the axis, either the first or second feed unit can simultaneously excite the CM and DM modes, resulting in poor isolation between the two feed units. Therefore, Figure 17 The simulation diagram of the S-parameters shown is a simulation diagram of the S-parameters of the linear loop antenna obtained when the first radiator and the second radiator are symmetrical along the axis.

[0145] like Figure 17As shown, when the first feeding unit powers the antenna, the linear loop antenna provided in this embodiment operates in CM mode, while when the second feeding unit powers the antenna, the linear loop antenna operates in DM mode. The electric fields generated by the two modes are orthogonal in the far-field integral. Therefore, there is good isolation between the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit, and the antenna structure provided in this embodiment can be applied to working scenarios requiring high isolation. For example, the WiFi band and the BT band are on the same frequency, and both have high sensitivity requirements. To ensure the normal operation of the antennas operating in the WiFi band and the BT band, they are usually connected to the same antenna using time-division duplex (TDD) mode. However, with the increase of external devices for electronic devices, such as Bluetooth speakers, Bluetooth mice, and Bluetooth keyboards, the usage time of the WiFi band is constantly being compressed, which may result in dropped connections and network outages, affecting the user experience. Therefore, it is imperative to set up independent antennas for the WiFi band and the BT band. However, some antennas operating at the same frequency require very high isolation to achieve simultaneous operation, with an isolation of approximately 40 dB between them. The linear loop antenna provided in this application, when used as a shared dual antenna, has an isolation greater than 40 dB between the first and second feed elements. Therefore, the linear loop antenna provided in this application can be used as a shared high-isolation antenna.

[0146] It should be understood that the aforementioned WiFi band and BT band are only for scenarios where a high degree of isolation antenna is required at the same frequency end. The linear loop antenna provided in this application embodiment can also be applied to other scenarios that require high isolation, and this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0147] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of another linear loop antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0148] like Figure 18 As shown, the electronic device may also include a filter 210, which may be disposed in the gap formed between the first end 111 of the first radiator 110 and the first end 121 of the second radiator. One end of the filter 210 is electrically connected to the first end 111 of the first radiator 110, and the other end is electrically connected to the first end 121 of the second radiator.

[0149] It should be understood that when the second feed unit 150 is powered, the linear loop antenna operates in DM mode. The filter 210 exhibits bandpass characteristics in the frequency band corresponding to the resonance generated by the linear loop antenna operating in N-times wavelength mode; that is, the filter 210 is turned on, electrically connecting the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120. In this case, the linear loop antenna is a loop antenna without gaps (closed), and can operate in N-times wavelength mode. The filter 210 also exhibits bandstop characteristics in the frequency band corresponding to the resonance generated by the linear loop antenna operating in N-1 / 2 wavelength mode; that is, the filter 210 is not turned on, opening the circuit between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120. In this case, the linear loop antenna is a loop antenna including gaps, and can operate in N-1 / 2 wavelength mode. Therefore, when the second feed unit 150 is powered, both the aforementioned N-times wavelength mode and N-1 / 2 wavelength mode can be excited simultaneously, achieving an expansion of the operating bandwidth.

[0150] Optionally, filter 210 can be a surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter, a bulk acoustic wave (BAW) filter, or a film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) filter. Filter 210 can also be other types of filters, and this application does not impose any limitations on this comparison.

[0151] Figure 19 This is a current distribution diagram of the linear loop antenna when the filter is turned on.

[0152] It should be understood that when a filter is provided between the first end of the first radiator 110 and the first end of the second radiator 120 of the linear loop antenna, the linear loop antenna can operate in more modes when fed by the second feed unit 150 due to the filtering characteristics of the filter.

[0153] As mentioned above Figure 11 As shown, when the second feed unit 150 is powered and the filter is not conducting, there is an open circuit between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, forming a slotted loop antenna structure. In this case, at 2N-2 points of reverse current on the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, the resonance generated by the linear loop antenna can be defined as an N-1 / 2 wavelength mode, for example, a half-wavelength mode and a three-half-wavelength mode.

[0154] like Figure 19 As shown in (a), this is the current distribution of a linear loop antenna operating in one-wavelength mode. It should be understood that one-wavelength mode can refer to a mode where, when the antenna structure resonates, the length of the radiator of the antenna structure is one time the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point.

[0155] like Figure 19As shown in (b) above, this illustrates the current distribution of a linear loop antenna operating in double-wavelength mode. It should be understood that double-wavelength mode can refer to a mode where, when the antenna structure resonates, the length of the radiating element is twice the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point.

[0156] It should be understood that, such as Figure 19 As shown, when the second feed unit 150 is powered and the filter is turned on, the first end of the first radiator 110 and the first end of the second radiator 120 are electrically connected through the filter, forming a closed loop antenna structure. In this case, at 2N points where the currents reverse on the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, the resonance generated by the linear loop antenna can be defined as a DM mode of N times the wavelength. For example, as... Figure 19 As shown in (a), there are two points of reverse current on the radiator, and the linear loop antenna operates in one-wavelength mode. Figure 19 As shown in (b), there are 4 points of reverse current on the radiator, and the linear loop antenna operates in double wavelength mode.

[0157] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of a matching network provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0158] Optionally, a matching network can be set at the feed point of each feed unit to adjust the position of the resonant point generated by the linear loop antenna. The embodiments provided in this application are illustrated using the second feed unit as an example; matching networks can also be set at other feed points.

[0159] Adding a matching network between the feed elements at each feed point can suppress current in other frequency bands at the feed point and improve the overall performance of the antenna.

[0160] Optionally, such as Figure 20 As shown, the matching network may include a first inductor 201, a second inductor 202, and a capacitor 203. One end of the first inductor 201 is electrically connected to the second terminal 112 of the first radiator, and the other end is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second feed unit 150. One end of the second inductor is electrically connected to the second terminal 122 of the second radiator, and the other end is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the second feed unit 150. The capacitor 203 may be connected in parallel between the first inductor 201 and the second inductor 202.

[0161] Optionally, the inductance value of the first inductor 201 can be between 0.3nH and 2nH, the inductance value of the second inductor 202 can be between 0.3nH and 2nH, and the capacitance value of the capacitor 203 can be between 0.3pF and 2pF.

[0162] Optionally, the inductance values ​​of the first inductor 201 and the second inductor 202 can both be 0.7nH, and the capacitance value of the capacitor 203 can be 0.6pF.

[0163] It should be understood that this application does not limit the specific form of the matching network, which can also be a series capacitor and a parallel inductor, etc.

[0164] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of a slotted loop antenna provided in an embodiment of this application, which can be applied to, for example... Figure 1 In the electronic device shown.

[0165] like Figure 21 As shown, the electronic device may include a metal component 310.

[0166] The metal component 310 has an annular slot 320, with its two ends positioned close together. The metal component 310 is divided into a first region 330 and a second region 340 by the annular slot 320, with the first region 330 having a T-shaped structure. The annular slot 320 forms a slotted ring antenna 300.

[0167] It should be understood that the first region 330 and the second region 340 are two unconnected regions, and there is no direct electrical connection between them.

[0168] The T-shaped structure of the first region 330 of the metal part 310 can be a spatial structure. As space inside electronic devices becomes increasingly limited, the slotted loop antenna 300 can be folded, meaning that the metal part 310 can be folded according to production or design needs.

[0169] Optionally, the metal part 310 may be a metal back cover of an electronic device, a metal frame, a metal layer on an antenna bracket, or a metal layer on a PCB. This application does not limit this.

[0170] Optionally, the first region 330 and the second region 340 may be symmetrical about the axis 301 of the first region 330.

[0171] Optionally, the width of the annular slot 320 can vary at different points, allowing adjustment of the resonant point of the slotted ring antenna. For example, the horizontal width W3 and the vertical width W4 of the annular slot 320 can be different. The horizontal or vertical direction can be perpendicular to axis 301, or parallel to the electronic device frame or PCB; this application does not impose limitations and is merely illustrative. Furthermore, the annular slot 320 can be symmetrical along axis 301. It should be understood that a more symmetrical structure generally results in better overall antenna isolation.

[0172] Optionally, the electronic device may further include a fourth feeding unit 350. A first feeding point 331 may be provided on the first region 330, and the fourth feeding unit 350 may feed the slotted ring antenna 300 at the first feeding point 331. The first feeding point 331 may be located on the axis 301, and may be located near both ends of the ring-shaped slot 320. The fourth feeding unit 350 feeds the slotted ring antenna 300 using a symmetrical feeding method.

[0173] Optionally, the fourth feeding unit 350 can indirectly feed the slotted loop antenna 300 at the first feeding point 331 via a metal component. To achieve the indirect feeding structure, a metal patch can also be designed on the PCB of the electronic device. Since the distance between the metal patch and the first region increases after the metal patch is placed on the PCB, the coupling area can be increased accordingly, achieving the same effect.

[0174] It should be understood that indirect coupling is a concept relative to direct coupling, i.e., coupling without electrical connection, where the two are not directly electrically connected. Direct coupling, on the other hand, is a direct electrical connection, with power supplied directly at the power supply point.

[0175] Optionally, the electronic device may further include a fifth feed unit 360. A second feed point 341 and a third feed point 342 may be provided on the second region 340. The positive terminal of the fifth feed unit 360 is electrically connected to the metal component 310 at the second feed point 341, and the negative terminal of the fifth feed unit 360 is electrically connected to the metal component 310 at the third feed point 342. The second feed point 341 and the third feed point 342 may be symmetrical along axis 301. The second feed point 341 may be located near one end of the annular slot 320, and the third feed point 342 may be located near the other end of the annular slot 320. The fifth feed unit 360 uses an anti-symmetric feeding method to feed the slotted ring antenna 300.

[0176] Figure 22 and Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the current and electric field distribution of a slotted loop antenna when fed by a feed unit. Figure 22 This is a diagram showing the current and electric field distribution of the slotted ring antenna when the fourth feed unit is being fed. Figure 23 This is a diagram showing the current and electric field distribution of the slotted ring antenna when the fifth feed unit is being fed.

[0177] like Figure 22 As shown, when the fourth feed unit is indirectly coupled to the slotted ring antenna (symmetrical feed), the electric field on the ring slot is symmetrically distributed along the axis of the first region.

[0178] like Figure 22 As shown in (a), this is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution on the ring slot when the slotted ring antenna is operating in the first wavelength mode and is fed by the fourth feed unit.

[0179] like Figure 22 As shown in (b), this is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution on the ring slot when the slotted ring antenna is operating in double wavelength mode and the fourth feed unit is feeding it.

[0180] It should be understood that when the fourth feed unit is fed, there are 2N points of reverse electric field within the annular slot. Therefore, the resonance generated by the slotted ring antenna can be defined as a DM mode of N times the wavelength, where N is a positive integer. The electric field distributed on the annular slot of the slotted ring antenna is an alternating electric field. Taking the alternating electric field as sinusoidal as an example, the points of reverse electric field can be understood as the zeros of the sinusoidal electric field. The electric field phase is opposite around the zeros, hence the occurrence of points of reverse electric field. Due to this characteristic, the electric field on the annular slot reaches its maximum value between the two zeros, i.e., the peak or trough of the sinusoidal electric field. Simultaneously, since there is a correspondence between the electric field on the annular slot and the current on the metal component, the electric field is minimum where the current is maximum, and the current is minimum where the electric field is maximum. Therefore… Figure 22 The point where the current is maximum can be considered the point where the electric field is zero, that is, where the electric field reverses. For example, as... Figure 22 As shown in (a), there are two points of opposite electric fields within the annular slot, and the slotted ring antenna operates in one-wavelength mode. Figure 22 As shown in (b), there are 4 points of reverse electric field within the annular slot, and the slotted ring antenna operates in double wavelength mode.

[0181] like Figure 23 As shown, when the fifth feed unit feeds the slotted ring antenna with positive and negative poles at the second and third feed points respectively (antisymmetric feeding), the electric field on the ring slot is antisymmetrically distributed along the axis of the first region.

[0182] like Figure 23 As shown in (a), this is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution on the ring slot when the slotted ring antenna is operating in half-wavelength mode and is fed by the fifth feeding unit.

[0183] like Figure 23 As shown in (b), this is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution on the ring slot when the slotted ring antenna is operating in the three-half wavelength mode and is fed by the fifth feed unit.

[0184] It should be understood that when the fifth feed unit is fed, there are 2N-1 points of reverse electric field within the annular slot. Therefore, the resonance generated by the slotted ring antenna can be defined as a CM mode with a wavelength of N-1 / 2, where N is a positive integer. For example, as... Figure 23 As shown in (a), there is a point of reverse electric field within the annular slot, and the slotted ring antenna operates in half-wavelength mode. Figure 23 As shown in (b), there are two points where the electric fields are opposite within the annular slot, and the slotted ring antenna operates in a three-half wavelength mode.

[0185] When the fourth and fifth feed units are fed simultaneously, the slotted loop antenna operates in DM mode and CM mode, respectively, and the electric fields generated by them are orthogonal when integrated in the far field. Since the electric fields corresponding to the resonances generated by CM mode and DM mode are orthogonal when integrated in the far field, they do not affect each other. Therefore, the fourth and fifth feed units have good isolation.

[0186] In this configuration, due to the good isolation between the fourth and fifth feed units, they can operate simultaneously. That is, the two feed units of the slotted loop antenna can simultaneously transmit and receive, allowing the slotted loop antenna to meet the requirements of MIMO systems. The slotted loop antenna provided in this application embodiment can be used as a shared dual-antenna structure to meet the needs of multi-antenna systems.

[0187] Meanwhile, since the shared structure of the two antennas can generate different resonances by sharing the same radiator, the antenna structure can operate in different frequency bands. Furthermore, the slotted loop antenna structure provided in this application is compact, greatly reducing the volume required for the dual-antenna structure. Therefore, the slotted loop antenna provided in this application embodiment can also achieve miniaturization of the antenna structure.

[0188] Optionally, when the first and second regions on the metal component are asymmetrical along the axis of the first region, all CM and DM modes on the slotted ring antenna can be simultaneously excited by a single feed element, thereby achieving coverage of more modes and obtaining a wider operating bandwidth. However, in this case, the slotted ring antenna can only include one feed element. If, in this case, the slotted ring antenna includes two feed elements, each of which can excite all CM and DM modes respectively, the electric fields corresponding to the resonances generated by the two feed elements are not integrally orthogonal in the far field, and the isolation between the two feed elements is very poor. Therefore, in this case, the slotted ring antenna is a broadband single-antenna structure and cannot be used as a dual-antenna structure.

[0189] Optionally, when the slotted loop antenna uses asymmetrical feeding, all CM and DM modes on the slotted loop antenna can be excited simultaneously through a single feeding element, thereby achieving coverage of more modes and obtaining a wider operating bandwidth. For example... Figure 24As shown, the electronic device may include a sixth feed unit 370, and a fourth feed point 371 may be disposed on the metal part 310. The fourth feed point 371 may be located in the first region 330, and the sixth feed unit 370 feeds the slotted loop antenna 300 using an asymmetrical feeding method. Alternatively, the fourth feed point 371 may also be located in the second region 340, and the sixth feed unit 370 feeds the slotted loop antenna 300 using an asymmetrical feeding method. This feeding method can excite all CM and DM modes on the slotted loop antenna, resulting in a wider operating bandwidth. However, in this case, the slotted loop antenna 300 can only include one feed unit. At this time, the slotted loop antenna 300 is a wideband single antenna structure and cannot be used as a dual antenna structure.

[0190] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of another slotted loop antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0191] like Figure 25 As shown, the electronic device may also include a connector 410.

[0192] The connector 410 is used to connect the first region 330 and the second region 340, so that the first region 330 and the second region 340 are electrically connected. The connector 410 divides the annular gap 320 into the first gap 420 and the second gap 430.

[0193] Optionally, the connector 410 may be located on the axis 301 of the first region 330, and the first gap 420 and the second gap 430 may be located on both sides of the axis 301, respectively.

[0194] Optionally, the connector 410 can be integrated with the metal part 310, that is, when manufacturing the slotted ring antenna, the first slot 420 and the second slot 430 are directly manufactured, while retaining the connection between the first region 330 and the second region 340.

[0195] It should be understood that Figure 25 The slotted ring antenna shown is Figure 6 The linear loop antennas shown are structurally complementary. Therefore, specifically, the current distribution on the linear loop antenna has the same characteristics as the equivalent magnetic current distribution in the slotted loop antenna.

[0196] Figure 26 and Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the current and electric field distribution of a slotted loop antenna when fed by a feed unit. Figure 26 This is a diagram showing the current and electric field distribution of the slotted ring antenna when the fourth feed unit is being fed. Figure 27 This is a diagram showing the current and electric field distribution of the slotted ring antenna when the fifth feed unit is being fed.

[0197] like Figure 26As shown, when the fourth feed unit is indirectly fed by a slotted ring antenna through a metal component (symmetrical feeding), the electric field on the ring gap is symmetrically distributed along the axis of the first region.

[0198] like Figure 26 As shown in (a), this is a schematic diagram of the current and electric field distribution on the ring slot when the slotted ring antenna is operating in half-wavelength mode and the fourth feed unit is feeding it.

[0199] like Figure 26 As shown in (b), this is a schematic diagram of the current and electric field distribution on the ring slot when the slotted ring antenna is operating in the three-half wavelength mode and the fourth feeding unit is feeding it.

[0200] It should be understood that when the fourth feed unit is fed, there are 2N-2 points of electric field reversal within the annular slot. Therefore, the resonance generated by the slotted ring antenna can be defined as a DM mode with a wavelength of N-1 / 2, where N is a positive integer. The electric field distributed on the annular slot of the slotted ring antenna is an alternating electric field. Taking the alternating electric field as sinusoidal as an example, the points of electric field reversal can be understood as the zeros of the sinusoidal electric field. The electric field phase is opposite around the zeros, hence the occurrence of points of electric field reversal. Due to this characteristic, the electric field on the annular slot reaches its maximum value between the two zeros, i.e., the peaks or troughs of the sinusoidal electric field. Simultaneously, since there is a correspondence between the electric field on the annular slot and the current on the metal component, the point of maximum current corresponds to the minimum electric field, and vice versa. Therefore, Figure 22 The point where the current is maximum can be considered the point where the electric field is zero, that is, where the electric field reverses. However, it should be noted that for... Figure 25 In the slotted loop antenna shown, a connector is added to electrically connect the first and second regions. When the fourth feed unit powers the antenna, current flows along the first region through the connector to the second region, and then flows in the direction of the first and second slots. Therefore, a strong current point will appear in the connection area between the connector and the second region, such as... Figure 26 As shown, the point of high current here is not the point of zero electric field, and the electric field does not reverse. For example, as... Figure 26 As shown in (a), there are 0 points of electric field reversal within the annular slot, and the slotted ring antenna operates in half-wavelength mode. Figure 26 As shown in (b), there are two points where the electric fields are opposite within the annular slot, and the slotted ring antenna operates in a three-half wavelength mode.

[0201] like Figure 27 As shown, when the fifth feed unit feeds the slotted ring antenna with positive and negative poles at the second and third feed points respectively (antisymmetric feeding), the electric field on the ring slot is antisymmetrically distributed along the axis of the first region.

[0202] like Figure 27As shown in (a), this is a schematic diagram of the current and electric field distribution on the ring slot when the slotted ring antenna is operating in half-wavelength mode and the fifth feeding unit is feeding it.

[0203] like Figure 27 As shown in (b), this is a schematic diagram of the current and electric field distribution on the ring slot when the slotted ring antenna is operating in the three-half wavelength mode and the fifth feeding unit is feeding it.

[0204] It should be understood that when the fifth feed unit is fed, there are 2N-1 points of reverse electric field within the annular slot. Therefore, the resonance generated by the slotted ring antenna can be defined as a CM mode with a wavelength of N-1 / 2, where N is a positive integer. For example, as... Figure 27 As shown in (a), there is a point of reverse electric field within the annular slot, and the slotted ring antenna operates in half-wavelength mode. Figure 27 As shown in (b), there are three points of reverse electric field within the annular slot, and the slotted ring antenna operates in a three-half wavelength mode.

[0205] When the fourth and fifth feed units are fed simultaneously, the slotted loop antenna can operate in DM mode and CM mode respectively, and the electric fields generated by them are orthogonal when integrated in the far field. Since the electric fields corresponding to the resonances generated by CM mode and DM mode are orthogonal when integrated in the far field, they do not affect each other. Therefore, the fourth and fifth feed units have good isolation.

[0206] In this configuration, due to the good isolation between the fourth and fifth feed units, they can operate simultaneously. That is, the two feed units of the slotted loop antenna can simultaneously transmit and receive, allowing the slotted loop antenna to meet the requirements of MIMO systems. The slotted loop antenna provided in this application embodiment can be used as a shared dual-antenna structure to meet the needs of multi-antenna systems.

[0207] Meanwhile, since the shared structure of the dual antennas can generate different resonances by sharing the same radiator, the antenna structure can operate in different frequency bands. Furthermore, the slotted loop antenna structure provided in this application is compact, greatly reducing the volume required for the dual antenna structure. Therefore, the slotted loop antenna provided in this application embodiment can also achieve antenna miniaturization.

[0208] Optionally, when the first region, the second region, and the connector on the metal part are asymmetrical along the axis of the first region, or when the first slot and the second slot are asymmetrical along the axis of the first region, all CM and DM modes on the slot ring antenna can be simultaneously excited by a single feed element, thereby achieving coverage of more modes and obtaining a wider operating bandwidth. However, in this case, the slot ring antenna can only include one feed element. If, in this case, the slot ring antenna includes two feed elements, both feed elements can excite all CM and DM modes respectively. The electric fields corresponding to the resonances generated by the two feed elements are not integrally orthogonal in the far field, and the isolation between the two feed elements is very poor. Therefore, in this case, the slot ring antenna is a broadband single-antenna structure and cannot be used as a dual-antenna structure.

[0209] Optionally, when the slotted loop antenna uses asymmetrical feeding, all CM and DM modes on the slotted loop antenna can be excited simultaneously through a single feeding element, thereby achieving coverage of more modes and obtaining a wider operating bandwidth. For example... Figure 28 As shown, the electronic device may include a seventh feed unit 380, and a fifth feed point 381 may be disposed on the metal part 310. The fifth feed point 381 may be located in the first region 330 to feed the slotted loop antenna 300, and the seventh feed unit 380 may use an asymmetrical feeding method to feed the slotted loop antenna 300. Alternatively, the fifth feed point 381 may also be located in the second region 340, and the seventh feed unit 380 may use an asymmetrical feeding method to feed the slotted loop antenna 300. This feeding method can excite all CM and DM modes on the slotted loop antenna, and a wider operating bandwidth can be obtained. However, in this case, the slotted loop antenna 300 can only include one feed unit. At this time, the slotted loop antenna 300 is a wideband single antenna structure and cannot be used as a dual antenna structure.

[0210] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of a dual-antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0211] like Figure 29 As shown, the electronic device may include at least one linear loop antenna 100 and at least one slotted loop antenna 300.

[0212] The linear loop antenna 100 can be any type of linear loop antenna in the above embodiments, and the slotted loop antenna 300 can be any type of slotted loop antenna in the above embodiments. For simplicity, the embodiments of this application use... Figure 2 The linear loop antenna shown and Figure 14The example shown is a slotted loop antenna. This application does not limit the specific type of antenna. The various antenna structures in the embodiments of this application can constitute various combined antenna schemes.

[0213] It should be understood that, as described in the above embodiments, the linear loop antenna 100 and the slot loop antenna 300 can be respectively equipped with symmetrical feeding and antisymmetric feeding. Furthermore, the electric field generated by the resonance excited by the symmetrical and antisymmetric feeding is orthogonal in the far-field integral. Therefore, the isolation between the symmetrical and antisymmetric feeding methods used in the linear loop antenna 100 and the slot loop antenna 300 is good. Utilizing these characteristics, antisymmetric feeding can be used in the structure of the linear loop antenna 100, and symmetrical feeding can be used in the structure of the slot loop antenna 300, combining them into a separate dual-antenna structure. Alternatively, symmetrical feeding can be used in the structure of the linear loop antenna 100, and antisymmetric feeding can be used in the structure of the slot loop antenna 300, combining them into a separate dual-antenna structure.

[0214] Optionally, the slotted loop antenna 300 can be mounted on an antenna support, and the linear loop antenna 100 can be mounted on the metal back cover of the electronic device. Because the linear loop antenna 100 and the slotted loop antenna 300 have good isolation, the distance between the two antenna structures can be relatively close, making them suitable for use in compact spaces within electronic devices.

[0215] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be through some interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be electrical or other forms.

[0216] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that, The antenna structure includes: A first radiator, the first radiator including a first end and a second end; The second radiator includes a first end and a second end; A feeding unit, wherein the first radiator or the second radiator includes a feeding point, and the feeding unit is coupled to the first radiator or the second radiator at the feeding point; Wherein, the first end of the first radiator is opposite to the first end of the second radiator and they do not contact each other, and a gap is formed between the first end of the first radiator and the first end of the second radiator. The first radiator and the second radiator are bent, and the space formed between the first radiator, the second radiator and the gap is T-shaped; The second end of the first radiator is grounded, and the second end of the second radiator is also grounded. When the power supply unit supplies power, at a first frequency point, the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator are symmetrical along an axis of the gap, and at a second frequency point, the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator are anti-symmetrical along the axis.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first radiator is located on one side of the axis, and the second radiator is located on the other side of the axis.

3. The electronic device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first radiator and the second radiator are symmetrical along the axis.

4. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes: Metal parts; The feeding unit is indirectly coupled to the first radiator or the second radiator at the feeding point through the metal component, thereby indirectly feeding the antenna structure.

5. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes a filter; Wherein, one end of the filter is electrically connected to the first end of the first radiator, and the other end is electrically connected to the first end of the second radiator; When the power supply unit is powered, the filter exhibits bandpass characteristics in the frequency band corresponding to the resonance generated when the antenna structure is operating in N-times wavelength mode, and bandstop characteristics in the frequency band corresponding to the resonance generated when the antenna structure is operating in N-1 / 2 wavelength mode.

6. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes: Antenna support; The antenna structure is disposed on the surface of the antenna support.

7. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes: Antenna support; The first radiator includes a first part and a second part; The second radiator includes a third part and a fourth part; The first part and the third part constitute a portion of the metal frame of the electronic device; The second part and the fourth part are disposed on the surface of the antenna support; The first part is directly electrically connected to the second part, and the third part is directly electrically connected to the fourth part.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, The antenna structure includes: A metal component having an annular slit; the annular slit divides the metal component into a first region and a second region, the first region being T-shaped; A power supply unit, wherein the metal component includes a power supply point, the power supply point is not located on the axis of the first region, and the power supply unit is coupled to the metal component at the power supply point; When the power supply unit supplies power, at the first frequency point, the electric field on the annular gap is symmetrical along the axis, and at the second frequency point, the electric field on the annular gap is anti-symmetrical along the axis.

9. The electronic device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first region and the second region are symmetrical along the axis.

10. The electronic device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes: A connector for connecting a first region and a second region, thereby electrically connecting the first region and the second region, wherein the connector divides the annular gap into a first gap and a second gap.

11. The electronic device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The connector is disposed on the axis, and the first gap and the second gap are located on both sides of the axis.

12. The electronic device according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that, The electronic device further includes an antenna bracket; wherein the antenna structure is disposed on the surface of the antenna bracket.

13. The electronic device according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that, The metal component is the metal back cover of the electronic device.

Images