A double helix structure vortex tube

Abstract

This invention discloses a double-helix vortex tube, belonging to the field of fluid cooling technology. The invention includes a main pipe, one end of which is a cold end and the other end a hot end, with a tube body between the cold and hot ends. Multiple tangential air inlet nozzles, communicating with the interior of the main pipe, are tangentially arranged around the outer periphery of the cold end of the main pipe. The cold end is connected to a cold end pipe through a cold end separation orifice plate, and the end of the cold end pipe away from the cold end separation orifice plate is the cold end outlet of the vortex tube. A hot end regulating valve is provided at the hot end of the main pipe, and the gap between the hot end regulating valve and the hot end of the main pipe constitutes the hot end outlet of the vortex tube. The vortex tube cold end outlet, the cold end pipe, the main pipe, and the hot end regulating valve are coaxially arranged. Spiral grooves are distributed around the outer periphery of the main pipe, and spiral fins are connected to the spiral grooves. This invention can further improve the energy separation effect of the vortex tube and reduce the cold end fluid temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fluid cooling technology, and more specifically to a double-helix vortex tube. Background Technology

[0002] A vortex tube is an energy separation device that can separate high-pressure gas into two streams of hot and cold gas. It has been applied in many fields such as scientific research and industry.

[0003] Generally, a vortex tube mainly consists of nozzles, a vortex chamber, a separation orifice plate, a regulating device, and cold and hot end tubes. Its working principle is as follows: during operation, high-pressure gas enters the annular gas storage chamber through the inlet channel. Under the influence of pressure difference, it enters the vortex chamber at high speed tangentially through one or more nozzles, thus generating strong swirling motion. Under the action of strong swirling motion, energy separation occurs in the vortex tube, separating the high-pressure gas into two parts of airflow with unequal temperatures. The airflow in the central part is colder, while the airflow in the outer part is hotter. This energy separation phenomenon of a colder middle and a hotter outer layer is called the "Rank effect" or "vortex effect." Furthermore, the high-temperature fluid flows out from the hot end of the vortex tube, and the low-temperature fluid flows out from the cold end, forming a flow split and producing a cooling effect.

[0004] However, the aforementioned common vortex tube structure also suffers from drawbacks such as insufficient cooling effect and low cooling efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new structure to further improve the energy separation effect of the vortex tube, thereby better reducing the temperature of the cold-end fluid. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a novel vortex tube structure, so as to improve the cooling effect of the vortex tube by improving the structure of the vortex tube.

[0006] The technical solution disclosed in this invention is as follows: a double-helix vortex tube, comprising a main pipe, one end of which is a cold end and the other end is a hot end, with a tube body between the cold and hot ends; a plurality of tangential air inlet nozzles, communicating with the interior of the main pipe, are tangentially arranged around the outer periphery of the cold end of the main pipe; the cold end is connected to a cold end pipe through a cold end separation orifice plate, and the end of the cold end pipe away from the cold end separation orifice plate is the cold end outlet of the vortex tube; a hot end regulating valve is provided at the hot end of the main pipe, and the gap between the hot end regulating valve and the hot end of the main pipe constitutes the hot end outlet of the vortex tube; the cold end outlet of the vortex tube, the cold end pipe, the main pipe, and the hot end regulating valve are coaxially arranged; spiral grooves are distributed on the outer periphery of the main pipe, and spiral fins are connected to the spiral grooves. Because the heat of the fluid inside the vortex tube can be partially transferred to the spiral fins through the spiral grooves, the spiral fins increase the heat dissipation of the vortex tube.

[0007] Furthermore, the spiral groove and the spiral fin are coaxial and rotate in the same direction; the bottom of the spiral groove extends into the root of the spiral fin; the maximum diameter of the spiral groove is greater than the diameter of the main pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the number of tangential air intake nozzles is 2-8, and can be 6. The rotation direction of the tangential air intake nozzles is the same as that of the spiral groove, which enhances the rotation of the high-temperature fluid inside and outside the hot end tube.

[0009] Furthermore, the hot-end regulating valve is a conical object inserted into the hot end of the main pipe.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In the double-helix vortex tube of this invention, the main pipe serves as the primary site for the energy separation effect of the vortex tube. The hotter fluid at the tube wall is guided by the helical groove structure, which enhances the angular momentum of the outer fluid, increases the flow of cold fluid in the inner layer, and facilitates the transfer of heat to the outer layer, thereby improving the energy separation effect of the vortex tube and significantly enhancing its cooling effect. The helical groove structure disrupts the boundary layer at the main pipe wall, reducing its thickness and thus increasing its local heat transfer coefficient. The structural cooperation between the helical groove and the helical fins also allows some heat to enter the external environment through the helical fins. The bottom of the helical groove extends into the root of the helical fins, further increasing the contact area between the high-temperature fluid inside the vortex tube and the helical fins. This also increases the heat dissipation of the high-temperature fluid through the fin structure, further improving the cooling effect of the cold end of the vortex tube of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is an external view of the double-helix vortex tube of Example 1.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a side view of the double-helix vortex tube of Example 1.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a view of the double-helix vortex tube of Example 1 from the cold end to the hot end.

[0014] Figure 4 This is a view of the double-helix vortex tube of Example 1 from the hot end to the cold end.

[0015] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the fit between the spiral groove 3 and the spiral fin 5 in the double-helix vortex tube of Example 1.

[0016] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main tube 2 of the double-helix vortex tube in Example 1.

[0017] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral fin 5 in Example 1.

[0018] Reference numerals in the attached figures: 1 is the tangential air intake nozzle, 2 is the main pipe, 3 is the spiral groove, 5 is the spiral fin, 6 is the hot end outlet of the vortex tube, 7 is the hot end regulating valve, 8 is the cold end separation orifice plate, 9 is the cold end pipe, and 10 is the cold end outlet of the vortex tube. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] This embodiment describes a novel vortex tube structure, mainly comprising a tangential intake nozzle 1, a main pipe 2, a spiral groove 3, spiral fins 5, a hot-end outlet 6, a hot-end regulating valve 7, a cold-end separation orifice plate 8, a cold-end pipe 9, and a cold-end outlet 10, etc., as detailed below. Figures 1-7 As shown.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 In this embodiment, the main structure of the vortex tube is a main pipe 2. One end of the main pipe 2 is the cold end, mainly used for inputting high-pressure gas and outputting low-temperature fluid. Multiple tangential air inlet nozzles 1 are tangentially arranged around the outer periphery of the cold end of the main pipe 2 and communicate with the interior of the main pipe 2. High-pressure gas is input into the main pipe 2 through the tangential air inlet nozzles 1. To output the low-temperature fluid, the cold end of the main pipe 2 is connected to the cold end pipe 9 through the cold end separation orifice plate 8. The end of the cold end pipe 9 away from the cold end separation orifice plate 8 is the vortex tube cold end outlet 10, from which the low-temperature fluid flows out. The other end of the main pipe 2 is the hot end, mainly used for outputting high-temperature fluid. The tangential air inlet nozzles 1 are centered on the axis of the main pipe 2, and the air intake direction is counterclockwise when viewed from the cold end to the hot end of the main pipe 2. The number of tangential air inlet nozzles 1 can be set according to actual needs, such as 2-8, and in this embodiment, there are 6.

[0023] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 A hot-end regulating valve 7 is provided at the hot end of the main pipe 2. The hot-end regulating valve 7 is a conical object inserted into the hot end, with its bottom surface flush with the hot end surface of the main pipe 2 and its cone apex protruding into the interior of the main pipe 2. The gap between the hot-end regulating valve 7 and the hot end of the main pipe 2 forms the hot end outlet 6 of the vortex tube. The hot-end regulating valve 7 is coaxially arranged with the cold end outlet 10 of the vortex tube, the cold end pipe 9, and the main pipe 2.

[0024] The cold and hot ends of the main pipe 2 are connected via a pipe body. A spiral structure, namely spiral grooves 3, is distributed around the outer periphery of the main pipe 2. In this embodiment, the maximum diameter of the spiral grooves 3 is larger than the diameter of the main pipe 2, causing the bottom of the spiral grooves 3 to protrude beyond the outer periphery of the main pipe 2. Fluid flowing through the pipe body of the main pipe 2 can reach this spiral groove structure. Spiral fins are connected to the spiral grooves 3. The spiral grooves 3 and spiral fins 5 are coaxial and rotate in the same direction, both aligning with the intake rotation direction of the tangential intake nozzle 1. Because the maximum diameter of the spiral grooves 3 is larger than the diameter of the main pipe 2 in this embodiment, the bottom of the spiral grooves 3 can penetrate deep into the interior of the spiral fins 5, i.e., the fin root. Since some of the heat from the fluid inside the vortex tube can be transferred to the spiral fins through the spiral grooves, the spiral fins increase the heat dissipation of the vortex tube.

[0025] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: High-pressure gas enters the main pipe 2 through the tangential inlet nozzle 1, generating two swirling flows, one inside and one outside. The inner swirling flow is a low-temperature fluid that flows out from the cold end outlet 10 of the vortex tube, while the outer swirling flow is a high-temperature fluid that flows through the pipe body of the main pipe 2 and out from the hot end outlet 6 of the vortex tube via the spiral groove 3. During this process, energy is transferred from the inner swirling flow to the outer swirling flow, and some heat is transferred through the spiral groove 3 to the spiral fins 5, which then enter the external environment, greatly reducing the temperature of the fluid flowing out from the cold end outlet 10 of the vortex tube. The hot end regulating valve 7 can regulate the heat at the hot end. Because the bottom of the spiral groove 3 in this embodiment extends into the spiral fins 5, it can better enhance the momentum and energy transfer from the inner swirling flow to the outer swirling flow, and also facilitates the dissipation of heat from the high-temperature fluid accumulated in the spiral groove 3, further improving the energy separation effect.

[0026] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-helix vortex tube, comprising a main pipe (2), one end of the main pipe (2) being a cold end and the other end being a hot end, with a tube body between the cold end and the hot end, characterized in that: Multiple tangential air intake nozzles (1) that communicate with the interior of the main pipe (2) are tangentially arranged around the outer periphery of the cold end of the main pipe (2); the cold end is connected to the cold end pipe (9) through the cold end separation orifice plate (8), and the end of the cold end pipe (9) away from the cold end separation orifice plate (8) is the cold end outlet (10) of the vortex tube. A hot end regulating valve (7) is provided at the hot end of the main pipe (2), and the gap between the hot end regulating valve (7) and the hot end of the main pipe (2) forms the hot end outlet (6) of the vortex tube; the cold end outlet (10) of the vortex tube, the cold end pipe (9), the main pipe (2), and the hot end regulating valve (7) are arranged coaxially. Spiral grooves (3) are distributed around the outer periphery of the main tube (2), and spiral fins (5) are connected to the spiral grooves (3). The spiral grooves (3) and spiral fins (5) are coaxial and rotate in the same direction. The bottom of the spiral grooves (3) extends into the root of the spiral fins (5). The maximum diameter of the spiral grooves (3) is greater than the diameter of the main tube (2).

2. The double-helix vortex tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of tangential air intake nozzles (1) is 2-8.

3. The double-helix vortex tube according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of tangential air intake nozzles (1) is 6.

4. The double-helix vortex tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tangential air intake nozzle (1) rotates in the same direction as the spiral groove (3).

5. The double-helix vortex tube according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The hot end regulating valve (7) is a conical object inserted into the hot end of the main pipe (2).

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