A safety valve and fuel cell system

Abstract

The application discloses a safety valve and a fuel cell system. The safety valve comprises a first valve body provided with a first gas inlet and a first gas discharge port; a second valve body provided with a second gas inlet and a second gas discharge port, the second valve body and the first valve body enclosing a gas cavity; a diaphragm arranged in the gas cavity and separating the gas cavity into a first gas cavity and a second gas cavity, the diaphragm being provided with a first one-way linkage structure and a second one-way linkage structure, the first one-way linkage structure being located in the first gas cavity, and the second one-way linkage structure being located in the second gas cavity; a first valve core connected with the first one-way linkage structure and provided with a first sealing cover; a second valve core connected with the second one-way linkage structure and provided with a second sealing cover; a first elastic compression assembly for compressing the first sealing cover against the first gas discharge port; and a second elastic compression assembly for compressing the second sealing cover against the second gas discharge port.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of safety valve technology, and more particularly to a safety valve and a fuel cell system. Background Technology

[0002] A fuel cell system is a device that directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction. Its main components include a fuel cell stack and auxiliary parts. The fuel cell stack is primarily composed of bipolar plates and membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs), with the MEA being the core site of the electrochemical reaction. During operation, the auxiliary system provides hydrogen, air, and cooling water to the fuel cell stack. Hydrogen and air enter the hydrogen cavity and air cavity inside the stack and are then evenly distributed to both sides of the MEA through the bipolar plates. The MEA consists of a proton exchange membrane and a catalyst layer. Hydrogen loses electrons under the action of the catalyst, becoming protons, which then pass through the proton exchange membrane and react with oxygen in the air to produce water. This process simultaneously generates electricity and heat.

[0003] To improve the efficiency of electrochemical reactions, proton exchange membrane (PEM) designs tend to reduce thickness while simultaneously increasing the maximum operating pressure of the fuel cell stack. Both of these factors place higher demands on the pressure differential control between the hydrogen and air sides of the fuel cell system. Due to the fragility of the PEM, the pressure differential between the hydrogen and air sides must be kept at a low level. If the pressure differential cannot be effectively controlled, irreversible mechanical damage to the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) will occur, directly affecting the energy conversion efficiency and lifespan of the fuel cell stack.

[0004] Existing fuel cell systems primarily control the maximum pressure of hydrogen and air fed into the stack by installing safety valves to ensure that they do not exceed certain limits. However, safety valves used for differential pressure regulation can only achieve unidirectional pressure regulation and have a relatively complex structure.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a safety valve with a simple structure and achieve dual-sided air pressure regulation is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a safety valve that can achieve dual-sided air pressure regulation and has the advantage of simple structure.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A safety valve, comprising:

[0009] The first valve body is provided with a first gas inlet and a first gas vent, and the first gas inlet is connected to a first gas source.

[0010] The second valve body is provided with a second gas inlet and a second gas vent. The second gas inlet can be connected to a second gas source, and the second valve body and the first valve body enclose a gas cavity.

[0011] A diaphragm is disposed in the gas cavity, and the diaphragm divides the gas cavity into a first gas cavity and a second gas cavity. The first gas inlet and the first gas outlet are located on the side wall of the first gas cavity, and the second gas inlet and the second gas outlet are located on the side wall of the second gas cavity. The diaphragm is provided with a first one-way linkage structure and a second one-way linkage structure. The first one-way linkage structure is located in the first gas cavity, and the second one-way linkage structure is located in the second gas cavity.

[0012] The first valve core is connected to the first one-way linkage structure, and the first valve core is provided with a first sealing cap.

[0013] The second valve core is connected to the second one-way linkage structure, and the second valve core is provided with a second sealing cap;

[0014] A first elastic clamping component is disposed on the first valve core and is used to press the first sealing cover against the first gas vent.

[0015] The second elastic clamping assembly is disposed on the second valve core and is used to press the second sealing cover against the second gas vent.

[0016] Optionally, in the above-mentioned safety valve, the first elastic clamping assembly includes a first elastic element, a first pressure cap, a first pressure adjusting nut, and a first locking nut;

[0017] The first elastic element is sleeved on the outside of the first valve core, the first elastic element is located outside the first air chamber, and the two ends of the first elastic element are in contact with the side wall of the first valve body and the first pressure cover, respectively. The first pressure adjusting nut is located on the side of the first pressure cover away from the first elastic element, and the first locking nut is located on the side of the first pressure adjusting nut away from the first pressure cover.

[0018] Optionally, in the above-mentioned safety valve, the first elastic clamping assembly further includes a guide;

[0019] The guide includes an arc-shaped guide wall, the center of which is located on the side of the guide near the first air cavity, and the end of the first elastic element near the first air cavity is sleeved and in contact with the arc-shaped guide wall.

[0020] Optionally, in the above-mentioned safety valve, the first elastic clamping assembly and the second elastic clamping assembly have the same structure.

[0021] Optionally, in the above-mentioned safety valve, the diaphragm is bent towards the side closer to the first air chamber and the side closer to the second air chamber, respectively, to form a bidirectional arc transition structure.

[0022] Optionally, in the above-mentioned safety valve, the diaphragm includes a central rod, a support structure, and a rubber diaphragm;

[0023] The first unidirectional linkage structure and the second unidirectional linkage structure are distributed at both ends of the central rod. The support structure is an elastic hollow metal disc. The hollow metal disc is connected to the outer wall of the central rod, and the hollow metal disc and the rubber diaphragm are formed by an integral curing process.

[0024] Optionally, in the above-mentioned safety valve, the first one-way linkage structure includes a first flange, a first internal cavity, and a first notch;

[0025] The first flange is located at the end of the first valve core near the first air chamber. The first internal cavity is opened on the side wall of the central rod. The length direction of the first internal cavity is parallel to the axial direction of the central rod. The first notch is located at the end of the first internal cavity near the diaphragm. The first flange is located in the first internal cavity, and a movement gap is reserved between the first flange and the side wall of the first internal cavity near the diaphragm.

[0026] Optionally, in the above-mentioned safety valve, the first valve core is further provided with a first limiting snap ring, and the distance between the first limiting snap ring and the end of the central rod is less than the distance between the first flange and the first notch.

[0027] Optionally, in the above-mentioned safety valve, both the side of the first sealing cover facing the first air chamber and the side of the second sealing cover facing the second air chamber are provided with groove structures, and sealing gaskets are embedded in the groove structures.

[0028] Optionally, in the above-mentioned safety valve, both the first gas vent and the second gas vent are provided with waterproof and dustproof caps, and the waterproof and dustproof caps are provided with vent holes.

[0029] A fuel cell system includes the safety valve described above;

[0030] The first gas inlet of the safety valve is connected to the hydrogen chamber of the fuel cell system, the second gas inlet of the safety valve is connected to the air chamber of the fuel cell system, the first gas vent of the safety valve is connected to the exhaust gas emission port of the fuel cell system, and the first gas vent of the safety valve is connected to the atmosphere.

[0031] When using the safety valve provided by this invention, since the diaphragm divides the gas chamber into a first gas chamber and a second gas chamber, the first gas inlet and the first gas vent are located on the side wall of the first gas chamber, and the second gas inlet and the second gas vent are located on the side wall of the second gas chamber. Therefore, when the first gas source is injected into the first valve body through the first gas inlet, the first gas source enters the first gas chamber; when the second gas source is injected into the second valve body through the second gas inlet, the second gas source enters the second gas chamber. This allows the gas pressures of the first and second gas sources to act on both sides of the diaphragm, maintaining a normal pressure difference between the first and second gas chambers. At this time, the first sealing cover of the first valve core is pressed against the first gas vent by the first elastic pressing component, and the second sealing cover of the second valve core is pressed against the second gas vent by the second elastic pressing component, with both the first and second gas chambers in a closed state. When the gas pressure of the first gas source exceeds the gas pressure threshold of the first gas chamber, the pressure difference between the first and second gas chambers increases, causing the diaphragm to deform towards the side closer to the second gas chamber. This causes the first valve core, connected to the first one-way linkage structure of the diaphragm, to move towards the side closer to the second gas chamber. As the first valve core moves towards the side closer to the second gas chamber, the first valve core... The first sealing cap disengages from the first gas vent after overcoming the clamping force of the first elastic clamping assembly. The first gas source is discharged through the first gas vent, releasing the gas pressure in the first gas chamber. Once the gas pressure in the first gas chamber is released to a preset pressure, the diaphragm returns to its original shape, and the first valve body moves towards the first chamber under the action of the first elastic clamping assembly until it resets. The first sealing cap then re-clamps onto the first gas vent. Similarly, when the gas pressure of the second gas source exceeds the second gas pressure threshold, the pressure difference between the first and second gas chambers increases, causing the diaphragm to deform towards the side closer to the first gas chamber. This causes the second valve core, which is connected to the second one-way linkage structure of the diaphragm, to move closer to the first gas chamber. The second valve core moves closer to the second gas chamber, and the second sealing cover on the second valve core overcomes the clamping force of the second elastic clamping assembly and disengages from the second gas vent. The second gas source is discharged through the second gas vent, releasing the gas pressure in the second gas chamber. After the gas pressure in the second gas chamber is released to the preset pressure, the deformation of the diaphragm is restored, and the second valve body moves towards the second chamber under the action of the second elastic clamping assembly until it is reset. The second sealing cover is then pressed back against the second gas vent.

[0032] Therefore, the safety valve provided by this invention can achieve bilateral pressure differential regulation using a single diaphragm. Different opening pressures can be set on both sides of the diaphragm according to different application scenarios, increasing the adjustment function of the safety valve. Furthermore, due to the large diaphragm area and low deformation resistance, it can operate under low pressure differentials. Thus, this safety valve has high sensitivity and can work reliably in abnormal operating scenarios such as emergency stop and shutdown. It has the advantages of simple structure, high sensitivity, high integration, and high reliability, which can effectively improve the reliability and lifespan of fuel cell systems and is suitable for widespread application. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a safety valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a safety valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a diaphragm provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Wherein, 100 is the first valve body, 101 is the first gas inlet, 102 is the first gas vent, 103 is the first gas chamber, 200 is the second valve body, 201 is the second gas inlet, 202 is the second gas vent, 203 is the second gas chamber, 204 is the mounting hole, 300 is the diaphragm, 301 is the center rod, 3011 is the first one-way linkage structure, 3012 is the second one-way linkage structure, 302 is the support structure, 303 is the rubber diaphragm, 400 is the first valve core, 401 is the first limit snap ring, 402 is the sealing gasket, 500 is the second valve core, 600 is the first elastic pressing assembly, 601 is the first elastic element, 602 is the first pressure cap, 603 is the first pressure adjusting nut, 604 is the first locking nut, 605 is the guide, 700 is the second elastic pressing assembly, and 800 is the waterproof and dustproof cap. Detailed Implementation

[0038] In view of this, the core of the present invention is to provide a safety valve that can realize the dual-sided adjustment function of air pressure and has the advantage of simple structure.

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a safety valve, including a first valve body 100, a second valve body 200, a diaphragm 300, a first valve core 400, a second valve core 500, a first elastic pressing assembly 600, and a second elastic pressing assembly 700.

[0041] The first valve body 100 is provided with a first gas inlet 101 and a first gas vent 102, and the first gas inlet 101 can be connected to a first gas source; the second valve body 200 is provided with a second gas inlet 201 and a second gas vent 202, and the second gas inlet 201 can be connected to a second gas source, and the second valve body 200 and the first valve body 100 enclose a gas cavity; a diaphragm 300 is disposed in the gas cavity, and the diaphragm 300 divides the gas cavity into a first gas cavity 103 and a second gas cavity 203, the first gas inlet 101 and the first gas vent 102 are located on the side wall of the first gas cavity 103, and the second gas inlet 201 and the second gas vent 202 are located on the side wall of the second gas cavity 203, and the diaphragm 300 is provided with a first gas inlet 101 and a first gas vent 102. The system includes a one-way linkage structure 3011 and a second one-way linkage structure 3012. The first one-way linkage structure 3011 is located in the first gas chamber 103, and the second one-way linkage structure 3012 is located in the second gas chamber 203. A first valve core 400 is connected to the first one-way linkage structure 3011, and a first sealing cap is provided on the first valve core 400. A second valve core 500 is connected to the second one-way linkage structure 3012, and a second sealing cap is provided on the second valve core 500. A first elastic pressing assembly 600 is disposed on the first valve core 400 and is used to press the first sealing cap against the first gas vent 102. A second elastic pressing assembly 700 is placed on the second valve core 500 and is used to press the second sealing cap against the second gas vent 202.

[0042] When using the safety valve provided by this invention, since the diaphragm 300 divides the gas chamber into a first gas chamber 103 and a second gas chamber 203, the first gas inlet 101 and the first gas vent 102 are located on the side wall of the first gas chamber 103, and the second gas inlet 201 and the second gas vent 202 are located on the side wall of the second gas chamber 203, when the first gas source is injected into the first valve body 100 through the first gas inlet 101, the first gas source enters the first gas chamber 103; when the second gas source is injected into the second valve body 200 through the second gas inlet 201, the second gas source enters the second gas chamber 203. This causes the gas pressures of the first and second gas sources to act on both sides of the diaphragm 300, respectively. The pressure in the first gas chamber 103 and the second gas chamber 203... Under normal conditions, the first sealing cover of the first valve core 400 is pressed against the first gas vent 102 by the first elastic pressing component 600, and the second sealing cover of the second valve core 500 is pressed against the second gas vent 202 by the second elastic pressing component 700. Both the first gas chamber 103 and the second gas chamber 203 are in a closed state. When the gas pressure of the first gas source exceeds the gas pressure threshold of the first gas chamber 103, the pressure difference between the first gas chamber 103 and the second gas chamber 203 increases, causing the diaphragm 300 to deform towards the side closer to the second gas chamber 203. This causes the first valve core 400, which is connected to the first one-way linkage structure 3011 of the diaphragm 300, to move towards the side closer to the second gas chamber 203. As the first valve core 400 moves towards the side closer to the second gas chamber 203... As the first valve core 400 moves to one side, the first sealing cap on the first valve core 400 overcomes the clamping force of the first elastic clamping assembly 600 and disengages from the first gas vent 102. The first gas source is discharged through the first gas vent 102, releasing the gas pressure in the first gas chamber 103. After the gas pressure in the first gas chamber 103 is released to the preset pressure, the deformation of the diaphragm 300 is restored, and the first valve body 100 moves towards the first cavity under the action of the first elastic clamping assembly 600 until it is reset. The first sealing cap is then pressed back against the first gas vent 102. Similarly, when the gas pressure of the second gas source exceeds the second gas pressure threshold, the pressure difference between the first gas chamber 103 and the second gas chamber 203 increases, causing the diaphragm 300 to move towards the side closer to the first gas chamber 103. The diaphragm 300 deforms and moves the second valve core 500, which is connected to the second one-way linkage structure 3012 of the diaphragm 300, toward the side closer to the first gas chamber 103. This causes the second valve core 500 to move toward the side closer to the second gas chamber 203. The second sealing cap on the second valve core 500 overcomes the clamping force of the second elastic clamping assembly 700 and disengages from the second gas vent 202. The second gas source is discharged through the second gas vent 202, releasing the gas pressure in the second gas chamber 203. After the gas pressure in the second gas chamber 203 is released to the preset pressure, the deformation of the diaphragm 300 is restored. The second valve body 200 moves toward the second chamber under the action of the second elastic clamping assembly 700 until it is reset. The second sealing cap is then pressed back onto the second gas vent 202.

[0043] Therefore, the safety valve provided by this invention can achieve bilateral pressure differential regulation using a single diaphragm 300. Different opening pressures can be set on both sides of the diaphragm 300 according to different application scenarios, increasing the adjustment function of the safety valve. Furthermore, due to the large area of ​​the diaphragm 300 and the small deformation resistance, it can operate under low pressure differentials. Therefore, this safety valve has high sensitivity and can work reliably in abnormal working scenarios such as emergency stop and shutdown. It has the advantages of simple structure, high sensitivity, high integration and high reliability, which can effectively improve the reliability and lifespan of fuel cell systems and is suitable for widespread application.

[0044] It should be understood that the present invention does not limit the specific structural form of the first elastic pressing component 600 and the second elastic pressing component 700. Any structural form that can meet the usage requirements is within the protection scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the structures of the first elastic pressing component 600 and the second elastic pressing component 700 may be the same or different. Any arrangement that can meet the usage requirements is within the protection scope of the present invention. Optionally, the first elastic pressing component 600 and the second elastic pressing component 700 provided in the embodiments of the present invention have the same structure to improve the commonality rate of components.

[0045] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first elastic clamping assembly 600 includes a first elastic element 601, a first pressure cap 602, a first pressure adjusting nut 603, and a first locking nut 604. The first elastic element 601 is sleeved on the outside of the first valve core 400, located outside the first air chamber 103, and its two ends contact the side wall of the first valve body 100 and the first pressure cap 602, respectively. The first pressure adjusting nut 603 is located on the side of the first pressure cap 602 opposite to the first elastic element 601, and the first locking nut 604 is located on the side of the first pressure adjusting nut 603 opposite to the first pressure cap 602, so that the two ends of the first elastic element 601... The first sealing cover of the first valve body 100 and the first pressure cover 602 are pressed together respectively. The deformation force of the first elastic element 601 presses the first sealing cover of the first valve body 100 tightly against the first gas vent 102, thus closing the first gas vent 102. The compression of the first elastic element 601 is adjusted by adjusting the position of the first pressure adjusting nut 603 on the first valve body 100, thereby adjusting the deformation force of the first elastic element 601. After the deformation force of the first elastic element 601 is adjusted, the position of the first pressure adjusting nut 603 on the first valve body 100 is fixed by the first locking nut, so that the first sealing cover of the first valve body 100 is stably pressed against the first gas vent 102.

[0046] It should be noted that the first elastic element 601 mentioned above can be an elastic element such as a spring or a rubber block. Any elastic element that can meet the usage requirements is within the protection scope of this invention. Optionally, the first elastic element 601 provided in the embodiment of this invention is a spring, so that the spring can be directly sleeved on the outside of the first valve body 100, which has the advantage of being easy to install.

[0047] Furthermore, the aforementioned first elastic clamping assembly 600 also includes a guide member 605; wherein, the guide member 605 includes an arc-shaped guide wall and a guide hole, the center of the arc-shaped guide wall is located on the side of the guide member 605 near the first air chamber 103, one end of the first elastic element 601 near the first air chamber 103 is sleeved and in contact with the arc-shaped guide wall, and the first valve core 400 passes through the guide hole, so as to limit the first elastic element 601 and the first valve core 400 through the arc-shaped guide wall and the guide hole, reduce the misalignment of the first elastic element 601 and the first valve core 400, and improve the reliability of the safety valve.

[0048] The present invention does not specifically limit the specific structure and material of the diaphragm 300. Any structure and material that can meet the usage requirements are within the protection scope of the present invention. Optionally, the embodiments of the present invention provide a specific structure of the diaphragm 300.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the diaphragm 300 is bent towards the side closer to the first air chamber 103 and the side closer to the second air chamber 203 respectively to form a bidirectional arc transition structure, so as to reduce the motion resistance caused by the deformation of the diaphragm 300 and improve the sensitivity through the bidirectional arc transition structure.

[0050] It should be understood that the present invention does not specifically limit the parameters such as the arc, height and number of bends of the above-mentioned bidirectional arc transition structure. In practical applications, the above parameters can be adapted to meet actual needs. As long as the parameters can meet the usage requirements, they are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0051] The diaphragm 300 provided by the present invention includes a central rod 301, a support structure 302, and a rubber diaphragm 303. A first unidirectional linkage structure 3011 and a second unidirectional linkage structure 3012 are respectively disposed at both ends of the central rod 301. The support structure 302 is an elastic, perforated metal disc, allowing the support structure 302 to undergo bending deformation under certain pressure, reducing the deformation of the bidirectional arc transition structure on both sides of the diaphragm 300 and increasing the deformation recovery capability of the diaphragm 300. The perforated metal disc is connected to the outer wall of the central rod 301, and the perforated metal disc and the rubber diaphragm 303 are integrally formed through a curing process to achieve the effect of isolating gases on both sides.

[0052] Furthermore, the first valve core 400 has a first flange at its end near the first air chamber 103, and the first one-way linkage structure 3011 includes a first internal cavity and a first notch; wherein, the first internal cavity is formed on the side wall of the central rod 301, the length direction of the first internal cavity is parallel to the axial direction of the central rod 301, and the first notch is located at one end of the first internal cavity near the diaphragm 300, so that when installing the first valve core 400, the first flange and cylindrical portion of the first valve core 400 can be inserted into the interior of the first internal cavity through the first notch, and the first... A movement gap is reserved between a flange and the side wall of the first internal cavity near the diaphragm 300. The reserved movement gap enables the diaphragm 300 and the valve cores on both sides to have a one-way linkage function. That is, when one of the first valve core 400 and the second valve core 500 is opened, it will not be restricted by the other valve core before reaching a certain opening degree. The length of the first internal cavity can also be adjusted according to the opening height of the first valve core 400 in the safety valve design to change the flow area and adjust the discharge rate, that is, the discharge capacity of the safety valve. At the same time, it will also change the deformation of the diaphragm 300.

[0053] In addition, a first limiting snap ring 401 is provided on the first valve core 400. The distance between the first limiting snap ring 401 and the end of the center rod 301 is less than the distance between the first flange and the first notch. This is so that when the first valve core 400 opens to the side closer to the second air chamber 203, the end of the first limiting snap ring 401 and the center rod 301 will contact the inner wall of the first flange and the first internal cavity near the first notch before the first flange and the first internal cavity. This prevents the first valve core 400 from disengaging from the first one-way linkage structure 3011 at the first notch, thereby achieving the function of limiting and preventing the first valve core 400 from disengaging.

[0054] It should be understood that the reserved gap between the first flange and the top of the first internal cavity of the diaphragm 300 should not be too large, so as to limit the movement of the diaphragm 300 to a small range between the first valve core 400 and the second valve core 500 when the safety valve is in the closed state; at the same time, when the first valve core 400 and the second valve core 500 are opened and closed, the deformation of the diaphragm 300 caused by the pressure difference fluctuation or pressure shock on both sides is effectively reduced, thus extending the service life of the diaphragm 300.

[0055] The first sealing cover and the second sealing cover provided by the present invention are both provided with groove structures on the side facing the first gas cavity 103 and the side facing the second gas cavity 203. A sealing gasket 402 is embedded in the groove structure to improve the sealing performance of the first gas vent 102 through the sealing gasket 402.

[0056] In addition, a waterproof and dustproof cap 800 is provided on the first gas vent 102 and / or the second gas vent 202. The waterproof and dustproof cap 800 is provided with an exhaust hole so as to achieve the waterproof and dustproof function through the waterproof and dustproof cap 800 and the exhaust function through the exhaust hole.

[0057] Furthermore, the present invention also discloses a fuel cell system, including the safety valve as described above; wherein, the first gas inlet 101 of the safety valve is connected to the hydrogen chamber of the fuel cell system, the second gas inlet 201 of the safety valve is connected to the air chamber of the fuel cell system, the first gas vent 102 of the safety valve is connected to the exhaust gas port of the fuel cell system through a pipeline interface, and the first gas vent 102 of the safety valve is connected to the atmosphere, so as to allow hydrogen from the fuel cell system to enter the first gas chamber 103 and air to enter the second gas chamber 203. When hydrogen is vented, it is discharged to the exhaust gas port of the fuel cell system through the pipeline interface, mixed and diluted with the exhaust gas, and then discharged. When air is vented, it is directly discharged into the atmosphere.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, the side of the safety valve at the second gas inlet 201 is configured as a planar sealing structure, and mounting holes 204 are opened on the planar sealing structure. The safety valve is installed on the fuel cell through the mounting holes.

[0059] It should be noted that the safety valve provided by the present invention can be used not only in fuel cell systems, but also in boilers, reactors, pressure vessels or pipelines. As long as the structure that uses a diaphragm 300, an elastic clamping component and a one-way linkage structure to adjust the opening pressure of the safety valve in real time, and protects the pressure difference on both sides of the diaphragm 300, it falls within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention does not limit the application field of this safety valve.

[0060] In addition, this embodiment of the invention takes the protection of hydrogen-oxygen pressure difference in a fuel cell system as an example. Alternatively, the second gas chamber 203 can be directly connected to the ambient gas pressure for overpressure protection of the maximum pressure limit on the hydrogen side. This safety valve can achieve sensitive hydrogen-oxygen pressure difference protection under high system operating pressure and can work reliably in abnormal operating scenarios such as system emergency stop and shutdown, which can effectively improve the reliability and lifespan of the fuel cell system.

[0061] When the safety valve provided by the present invention is applied to a fuel cell system, the connection position of the first gas inlet 101 of the safety valve and the hydrogen chamber of the fuel cell system, and the connection position of the second gas inlet 201 of the safety valve and the cavity of the fuel cell system can be set near the stack inlet or near the exhaust port. The present invention does not make specific limitations.

[0062] The terms "first" and "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units may include steps or units not listed, but rather steps or units not listed.

[0063] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A safety valve, characterized in that, include: The first valve body is provided with a first gas inlet and a first gas vent, and the first gas inlet is connected to a first gas source. The second valve body is provided with a second gas inlet and a second gas vent. The second gas inlet can be connected to a second gas source, and the second valve body and the first valve body enclose a gas cavity. A diaphragm is disposed in the gas cavity, and the diaphragm divides the gas cavity into a first gas cavity and a second gas cavity. The first gas inlet and the first gas outlet are located on the side wall of the first gas cavity, and the second gas inlet and the second gas outlet are located on the side wall of the second gas cavity. The diaphragm is provided with a first one-way linkage structure and a second one-way linkage structure. The first one-way linkage structure is located in the first gas cavity, and the second one-way linkage structure is located in the second gas cavity. The first valve core is connected to the first one-way linkage structure, and the first valve core is provided with a first sealing cap. The second valve core is connected to the second one-way linkage structure, and the second valve core is provided with a second sealing cap; A first elastic clamping component is disposed on the first valve core and is used to press the first sealing cover against the first gas vent. The second elastic clamping component is disposed on the second valve core and is used to press the second sealing cover against the second gas vent. The diaphragm is bent towards the side closer to the first air cavity and the side closer to the second air cavity, respectively, forming a bidirectional arc transition structure; The diaphragm includes a central rod, a supporting structure, and a rubber diaphragm. The first unidirectional linkage structure and the second unidirectional linkage structure are respectively disposed at both ends of the central rod. The support structure is an elastic hollow metal disc. The hollow metal disc is connected to the outer wall of the central rod, and the hollow metal disc and the rubber diaphragm are formed by an integral curing process. The first unidirectional linkage structure includes a first flange, a first internal cavity, and a first notch; Wherein, the first flange is provided at the end of the first valve core near the first air chamber, the first internal cavity is opened on the side wall of the central rod, the length direction of the first internal cavity is parallel to the axial direction of the central rod, the first notch is located at the end of the first internal cavity near the diaphragm, the first flange is located in the first internal cavity, and a movement gap is reserved between the first flange and the side wall of the first internal cavity near the diaphragm. When one of the first valve core and the second valve core is opened, it will not be restricted by the other valve core before reaching a certain opening degree. The first valve core is also provided with a first limiting snap ring. The distance between the first limiting snap ring and the end of the center rod is less than the distance between the first flange and the first notch. When the first valve core opens to the side closer to the second air chamber, the first limiting snap ring and the end of the center rod contact the inner wall of the first internal cavity near the first notch before the first flange and the first internal cavity, preventing the first valve core from disengaging from the first one-way linkage structure at the first notch, thereby realizing the limiting and anti-disengagement function of the first valve core.

2. The safety valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first elastic clamping assembly includes a first elastic element, a first pressure cap, a first pressure adjusting nut, and a first locking nut; The first elastic element is sleeved on the outside of the first valve core, the first elastic element is located outside the first air chamber, and the two ends of the first elastic element are in contact with the side wall of the first valve body and the first pressure cover, respectively. The first pressure adjusting nut is located on the side of the first pressure cover away from the first elastic element, and the first locking nut is located on the side of the first pressure adjusting nut away from the first pressure cover.

3. The safety valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first elastic clamping assembly also includes a guide; The guide includes an arc-shaped guide wall and a guide hole. The center of the arc-shaped guide wall is located on the side of the guide near the first air cavity. The end of the first elastic element near the first air cavity is sleeved and in contact with the arc-shaped guide wall. The first valve core passes through the guide hole.

4. The safety valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first elastic clamping component and the second elastic clamping component have the same structure.

5. The safety valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first sealing cap facing the first air chamber and the second sealing cap facing the second air chamber have groove structures, and sealing gaskets are embedded in the groove structures.

6. The safety valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first gas vent and / or the second gas vent are provided with waterproof and dustproof caps, and the waterproof and dustproof caps are provided with exhaust holes.

7. A fuel cell system, characterized in that, Includes the safety valve as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; The first gas inlet of the safety valve is connected to the hydrogen chamber of the fuel cell system, the second gas inlet of the safety valve is connected to the air chamber of the fuel cell system, the first gas vent of the safety valve is connected to the exhaust gas emission port of the fuel cell system, and the first gas vent of the safety valve is connected to the atmosphere.

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