Hyperchain-based transaction method and system for data element circulation

Abstract

The application provides a transaction method and system for data element circulation based on a super chain, and relates to the technical field of data element circulation.The application breaks the "mechanism island" and "data island" by constructing a nationwide integrated data element circulation transaction method based on a super chain and considering a data transaction mechanism with the aid of private chain, alliance chain, public chain, parallel chain and cross-chain technology, and supports the cross-level, cross-regional and cross-industry interconnection of a data element circulation transaction platform.In addition, the application provides a credible platform for the transaction of data resource ownership, data product operation right and data processing right by taking advantage of the privacy protection of the blockchain technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of data element circulation technology, specifically to a transaction method and system based on hyperchain for data element circulation. Background Technology

[0002] Data is a crucial production factor in the digital economy, and its value can only be fully realized through circulation and trading. Compared to traditional production factors, data is characterized by its ease of replication, non-exclusivity, difficulty in traceability, and long transaction chains, making the technical requirements for ensuring the secure and reliable circulation and trading of data highly demanding and complex.

[0003] In recent years, although governments at all levels and industry enterprises have initiated the establishment of various data trading venues and data trading platforms, including regional data trading platforms led or supported by the government, as well as data trading platforms that operate independently based on the data resources and service capabilities of well-known enterprises, the platforms operate independently, and there are barriers to the circulation and trading of data elements across regions and industries.

[0004] This has led to at least the following problems in the current data element circulation market:

[0005] 1. Privacy breach: The openness and transparency of data product information in blockchain systems exposes on-chain data to the risk of privacy breaches, such as account privacy, transaction privacy, and communication privacy.

[0006] 2. Institutional silos: Although governments and enterprises have established data exchanges and trading platforms, the data trading rules and systems of these platforms are different. At the industry level of big data trading, there is no consensus on a unified trading rule system, which leads to the problem of "institutional silos".

[0007] 3. Data silos: In terms of data trading platform construction, data resources are fragmented between platforms and open sharing between platforms has not yet been achieved. Data providers' data products cannot be fully utilized, resulting in a waste of data resources and the "data silo" problem. Summary of the Invention

[0008] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0009] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a transaction method and system for data element circulation based on hyperchain, which solves the technical problem of barriers to the circulation and transaction of data elements across regions and industries.

[0010] (II) Technical Solution

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0012] A transaction method for data element circulation based on hyperchain is implemented in a national integrated data element circulation and transaction market framework based on hyperchain, which is built on blockchain.

[0013] The data element circulation and trading market framework includes a main chain composed of K national data exchanges as trading center nodes, a parallel chain composed of M local data trading centers or Nn industry data trading centers as trading center nodes, and a public chain composed of X enterprises as enterprise nodes.

[0014] The transaction methods include:

[0015] S1. The enterprise node on the public chain or the transaction center node on the parallel chain initiates a cross-chain transaction application to the transaction center node on the main chain or the parallel chain.

[0016] S2. Verify and synchronize cross-chain transactions;

[0017] S3: The specified transaction center node calls the smart contract to manage the data transactions between the buyer and seller.

[0018] Preferably, the cross-chain transaction application in S1 specifically includes:

[0019] (1) The public blockchain is used as the source blockchain, and the main blockchain or parallel blockchain is used as the target blockchain.

[0020] Cross-chain transaction requests initiated by enterprise nodes on the source chain to the transaction center on the target chain: Enterprises submit transaction requests to the transaction center on the target chain as buyers or sellers;

[0021] (2) A parallel chain is used as the source chain, and the main chain or another parallel chain is used as the target chain.

[0022] Cross-chain transaction requests initiated by transaction center nodes on the source chain to transaction centers on the target chain: Local data transaction centers / industry data transaction centers initiate transaction requests to transaction centers on the target chain as buyers or sellers.

[0023] Preferably, the S2 step of verifying and synchronizing cross-chain transactions based on the relay chain specifically includes:

[0024] S21. The collectors of the source chain collect source chain information and broadcast transactions among the collector group;

[0025] S22. The collector of the source chain packages cross-chain transactions into candidate blocks and sends them to the validator cluster randomly assigned by the relay chain.

[0026] S23. The validator cluster verifies the legality of the information contained in the candidate block based on the cross-chain communication protocol, cross-chain asset transaction protocol and cross-chain smart contract call protocol.

[0027] S24. The collector of the source chain broadcasts the block to the fisherman;

[0028] S25. Fishermen monitor the behavior of verifiers and verify the results of their statements;

[0029] S26. The collector of the target chain listens to the relay chain. If the validator verifies the block and the fisherman approves the block action, the information on the relay chain is synchronized and cross-chain transactions are executed.

[0030] Preferably, the transaction center nodes on the main chain in S3 conduct centralized transactions led by an industry platform; wherein, the industry platform is built by the National Data Exchange, and the centralized transactions led by the industry platform include:

[0031] SA1, the industry platform P verifies the cross-chain transaction requests of buyer B and seller S based on the consensus mechanism of the private chain;

[0032] SA2, the industry platform P calls the smart contract on its blockchain to verify the identity of buyer B. T and seller S T The transaction information is matched to facilitate transactions;

[0033] SA3, Buyer B T and seller S T After the transaction is confirmed, when the transaction involves data ownership, industry platform P will act on behalf of buyer B. T and seller S T A data transmission channel is established between them to complete the transfer of data ownership; when transactions involve data management rights / data processing and usage rights, seller S... T For buyer B T Provide a data API interface for access;

[0034] SA4, Platform P to Buyer B T The account will be charged a fee to seller S. T The account makes payment, and the transaction is complete.

[0035] SA5 and platform P write transaction information into the blockchain.

[0036] Preferably, the trading center nodes on the main chain in S3 conduct centralized trading led by market makers; the market maker refers to the National Data Exchange itself, and the centralized trading led by the market maker includes:

[0037] SB1, Market maker M verifies seller S's cross-chain transaction request based on the consensus mechanism of the private blockchain;

[0038] SB2, Market maker M calls the smart contract on its blockchain to manage and verify the seller S. T Transaction information;

[0039] SB3, Seller S T After a transaction is confirmed, in transactions involving data ownership, market maker M and seller S... T A data transmission channel is established between them to complete the transfer of data ownership; when transactions involve data management rights / data processing and usage rights, seller S... T Provide market maker M with a data API interface for access;

[0040] SB4, Market maker M to seller S T The account is used to make payment;

[0041] SB5. Market maker M verifies buyer B's cross-chain transaction request based on the consensus mechanism of the private blockchain;

[0042] SB6. Market maker M invokes the smart contract on its blockchain to manage and verify buyer B. T Transaction information;

[0043] SB7, Buyer B T After a transaction is confirmed, in transactions involving data ownership, market maker M will negotiate with buyer B. T A data transmission channel is established between them to complete the transfer of data ownership; when transactions involve data management rights / data processing and usage rights, market maker M acts as the buyer B. T Provide a data API interface for access;

[0044] SB8, Market maker M to buyer B T The account fee is deducted, and the transaction is complete.

[0045] SB9, Market maker M writes transaction information into the blockchain.

[0046] Preferably, the transaction center nodes on the parallel chains in S3 conduct seller-led centralized transactions; wherein, the local data transaction center / industry data transaction center acts as the seller transaction center, and the seller-led centralized transactions include:

[0047] SC1, Seller Transaction Center S * The consensus mechanism based on private / consortium blockchains is used to verify buyer B's cross-chain transaction request.

[0048] SC2, Seller Transaction Center S * The smart contract on the blockchain is invoked to manage and verify buyer B. T Transaction information;

[0049] SC3, Buyer B T After the transaction is confirmed, in transactions involving data ownership, the seller's transaction center S... * In its relationship with buyer BT A data transmission channel is opened between them to complete the transfer of data ownership; when transactions involve data management rights / data processing and usage rights, the seller's transaction center S * For buyer B T Provide a data API interface for access;

[0050] SC6, Seller Transaction Center S * For Buyer B T The account fee is deducted, and the transaction is complete.

[0051] SC7, Seller Transaction Center S * Transaction information is written into the blockchain.

[0052] Preferably, the transaction center nodes on the parallel chains in S3 conduct buyer-led centralized transactions; wherein, the local data transaction center / industry data transaction center serves as the buyer transaction center, and the buyer-led centralized transactions include:

[0053] SD1, Buyer Transaction Center B * The consensus mechanism based on private / consortium blockchains is used to verify the cross-chain transaction requests of seller pS.

[0054] SD2, Buyer Transaction Center B * The smart contract on the blockchain is invoked to manage and verify the seller S. T Transaction information;

[0055] SD3, Seller S T After the transaction is confirmed, in transactions involving data ownership, the buyer's transaction center B... * In its relationship with seller S T A data transmission channel is established between them to complete the transfer of data ownership; when transactions involve data management rights / data processing and usage rights, seller S... T For Buyer Transaction Center B * Provide a data API interface for access;

[0056] SD4, Buyer Transaction Center B * For seller S T The account makes payment, and the transaction is complete.

[0057] SD5, Buyer Transaction Center B * Transaction information is written into the blockchain.

[0058] Preferably, the transaction center nodes on the parallel chains in S3 perform weakly centralized transactions with many-to-one proxy; wherein, the local data transaction center / industry data transaction center acts as the proxy, and the weakly centralized transactions with many-to-one proxy include:

[0059] SE1, Agent A uses a private / consortium blockchain consensus mechanism to communicate with seller S1…S n Verify cross-chain transaction requests;

[0060] SE2, Agent A calls the smart contract on the blockchain to manage and verify the seller. Transaction information;

[0061] SE3, Seller After the transaction is confirmed, Agent A has the seller's... Regarding the agency management rights of data operation rights / data processing and usage rights, the seller Provide agent A with a data API interface for access;

[0062] SE4. Agent A verifies Buyer B's cross-chain transaction request based on the consensus mechanism of a private / consortium blockchain.

[0063] SE5, Agent A calls the smart contract on its blockchain to manage and verify Buyer B's identity. T Transaction information;

[0064] SE6, Buyer B T After the transaction is confirmed, agent A becomes buyer B. T Provide a data API interface for access;

[0065] SE7, Agent A to the corresponding buyer B T The account will be charged a fee, and the corresponding seller S will be charged accordingly. T The account makes payment, and the transaction is complete.

[0066] SE8, Agent A writes the transaction information into the blockchain.

[0067] Preferably, the transaction center nodes on the parallel chains in S3 perform weakly centralized transactions with one-to-many proxy arrangements; wherein, the local data transaction center / industry data transaction center acts as the agent, and the weakly centralized transactions with one-to-many proxy arrangements include:

[0068] SF1, Agent A1…A n The consensus mechanism of the consortium blockchain is used to verify the cross-chain transaction request of seller S.

[0069] SF2, Agent A1…A n The smart contract on the blockchain is invoked to manage and verify the seller S. T Transaction information;

[0070] SF3, Seller S T After the transaction is confirmed, agent A1…A n Seller S TRegarding the agency management rights for data operation rights / data processing and usage rights, seller S T For distributor A1…A n Provide a data API interface for access;

[0071] SF4, Distributor A1…A n The consensus mechanism of the consortium blockchain is used to verify the cross-chain transaction request of buyer B.

[0072] SF5. Agent A invokes the smart contract on its blockchain to manage and verify the identity of buyer B. T Transaction information;

[0073] SF6, Buyer B T After the transaction is confirmed, agent A1…A n For buyer B T Provide a data API interface for access;

[0074] SF7, Distributor A1…A n For the corresponding buyer B T The account will be charged a fee to seller S. T The account makes payment, and the transaction is complete.

[0075] SF8, Distributor A1…A n Transaction information is written into the blockchain.

[0076] A transaction system for data element circulation based on hyperchain is implemented in a national integrated data element circulation and transaction market framework based on hyperchain, which is built on blockchain.

[0077] The data element circulation and trading market framework includes a main chain composed of K national data exchanges as trading center nodes, a parallel chain composed of M local data trading centers or Nn industry data trading centers as trading center nodes, and a public chain composed of X enterprises as enterprise nodes.

[0078] The transaction system includes:

[0079] The application module is used by enterprise nodes on the public chain or transaction center nodes on the parallel chain to initiate cross-chain transaction applications to the transaction center nodes on the main chain or parallel chain.

[0080] The verification module is used to verify and synchronize cross-chain transactions;

[0081] The management module is used to specify the transaction center node to call smart contracts to manage data transactions between buyers and sellers.

[0082] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0083] This invention provides a transaction method and system for data element circulation based on hyperchain. Compared with existing technologies, it has the following advantages:

[0084] This invention, based on blockchain technologies such as private chains, consortium chains, public chains, and parallel chains, and cross-chain technologies, constructs a nationwide integrated data element circulation and trading method based on a hyperchain and considering data transaction mechanisms. This breaks down "mechanism silos" and "data silos," supporting cross-level, cross-regional, and cross-industry interconnection and interoperability of data element circulation and trading platforms. Furthermore, leveraging the privacy protection advantages of blockchain technology, it provides a trusted platform for the trading of data resource ownership, data product operation rights, and data processing and usage rights. Attached Figure Description

[0085] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0086] Figure 1 A block diagram illustrating a transaction method for data element circulation based on a hyperchain, provided as an embodiment of the present invention;

[0087] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a nationwide integrated data element circulation and trading market framework based on hyperchain, provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0088] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the verification and synchronization of cross-chain transactions based on a relay chain, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0089] Figure 4 This is a comparison diagram of different circulation and transaction mechanisms provided for embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0090] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0091] This application provides a transaction method and system based on hyperchain for the circulation of data elements, which solves the technical problem of barriers to the circulation and transaction of data elements across regions and industries.

[0092] The technical solution in this application is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, and the general idea is as follows:

[0093] This invention addresses three trading mechanisms: centralized trading of data resource ownership, weakly centralized trading of data product operating rights, and fully distributed trading of data processing and usage rights. It studies and constructs a nationwide integrated data element circulation and trading framework, the "K+M+Nn+X Alliance," based on a hyperchain. This framework includes K national data exchanges, M local data trading centers or Nn industry data trading centers, and X inter-enterprise data trading nodes, supporting cross-level, cross-regional, and cross-industry interconnection and interoperability of the data element circulation and trading platform.

[0094] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0095] Example:

[0096] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a transaction method for data element circulation based on hyperchain, implemented in a national integrated data element circulation and transaction market framework based on hyperchain, which is built on blockchain.

[0097] The data element circulation and trading market framework includes a main chain composed of K national data exchanges as trading center nodes, a parallel chain composed of M local data trading centers or Nn industry data trading centers as trading center nodes, and a public chain composed of X enterprises as enterprise nodes.

[0098] The transaction methods include:

[0099] S1. The enterprise node on the public chain or the transaction center node on the parallel chain initiates a cross-chain transaction application to the transaction center node on the main chain or the parallel chain.

[0100] S2. Verify and synchronize cross-chain transactions;

[0101] S3: The specified transaction center node calls the smart contract to manage the data transactions between the buyer and seller.

[0102] This invention, based on blockchain technologies such as private chains, consortium chains, public chains, and parallel chains, and cross-chain technologies, constructs a nationwide integrated data element circulation and trading method based on a hyperchain and considering data transaction mechanisms. This breaks down "mechanism silos" and "data silos," supporting cross-level, cross-regional, and cross-industry interconnection and interoperability of data element circulation and trading platforms. Furthermore, leveraging the privacy protection advantages of blockchain technology, it provides a trusted platform for the trading of data resource ownership, data product operation rights, and data processing and usage rights.

[0103] The following section will provide a detailed explanation of each step in the above technical solution:

[0104] First, it should be noted that, as Figure 2 As shown, the data element circulation and trading market includes a main chain composed of K national data exchanges as trading center nodes, M local data trading centers or Nn industry data trading centers as trading center nodes, and X enterprises as buying and selling nodes forming a public chain.

[0105] The main chain, parallel chains, and public chains deploy access mechanisms with varying levels of security to support data element trading methods with different privacy requirements. Specifically, the national data exchange is approved by national regulatory authorities to join the main chain and private chain; local data trading centers / industry data trading centers are approved by local governments / industry regulatory authorities to join the private chain / consortium chain (trading centers in the same field can form a consortium chain) to form a heterogeneous parallel chain network; while general enterprises can freely join the public chain without requiring an access mechanism.

[0106] In step S1, the enterprise node on the public chain or the transaction center node on the parallel chain initiates a cross-chain transaction application to the transaction center node on the main chain or the parallel chain.

[0107] To achieve the interconnectivity of the constructed hyperchains, cross-chain transaction applications in this step are divided into two main scenarios: cross-chain transactions between a public chain and the main chain / parallel chain; and cross-chain transactions between a parallel chain and the main chain / another parallel chain. Furthermore, since both the main chain and the public chain are single blockchains, intra-chain transactions do not require cross-chain functionality. For example, a public chain environment is a completely distributed data trading market with no permission mechanism, lacking a trusted trading center. Any enterprise can trade, and only the right to process and use data with relatively low privacy and security is circulated. Transaction records are uploaded to the blockchain (i.e., accounting is completed).

[0108] Accordingly, the cross-chain transaction application in S1 specifically includes:

[0109] (1) The public blockchain is used as the source blockchain, and the main blockchain or parallel blockchain is used as the target blockchain.

[0110] Cross-chain transaction requests initiated by enterprise nodes on the source chain to the transaction center on the target chain: Enterprises submit transaction requests to the transaction center on the target chain as buyers or sellers;

[0111] (2) A parallel chain is used as the source chain, and the main chain or another parallel chain is used as the target chain.

[0112] Cross-chain transaction requests initiated by transaction center nodes on the source chain to transaction centers on the target chain: Local data transaction centers / industry data transaction centers initiate transaction requests to transaction centers on the target chain as buyers or sellers.

[0113] In step S2, the cross-chain transactions are verified and synchronized.

[0114] To achieve cross-chain collaboration between private, consortium, and public blockchains, and to support interoperability across levels, regions, and industries, this step utilizes relay technology for cross-chain operations. Blockchain relay technology is a cross-chain technology that, by adding a relay blockchain (i.e., a "relay chain") between multiple blockchains, allows multiple blockchains to interact with each other and call the relay chain's application programming interface (API) on one chain to listen for and verify transactions on other chains. It does not rely on a trusted third party for transaction verification, supports cross-chain interaction across multiple chains, and is more suitable for the multi-chain interconnection cross-chain consortium described in this invention.

[0115] Correspondingly, such as Figure 3 As shown, S2, which verifies and synchronizes cross-chain transactions based on the relay chain, specifically includes:

[0116] S21. The collectors of the source chain collect source chain information and broadcast transactions among the collector group;

[0117] S22. The collector of the source chain packages cross-chain transactions into candidate blocks and sends them to the validator cluster randomly assigned by the relay chain.

[0118] S23. The validator cluster verifies the legality of the information contained in the candidate block based on the cross-chain communication protocol, cross-chain asset transaction protocol and cross-chain smart contract call protocol.

[0119] S24. The collector of the source chain broadcasts the block to the fisherman;

[0120] S25. Fishermen monitor the behavior of verifiers and verify the results of their statements;

[0121] S26. The collector of the target chain listens to the relay chain. If the validator verifies the block and the fisherman approves the block action, the information on the relay chain is synchronized and cross-chain transactions are executed.

[0122] In step S3, the designated transaction center node invokes the smart contract to manage the data transactions between the buyer and seller.

[0123] When seller and buyer nodes conduct cross-chain transactions through different exchanges, each exchange invokes its own smart contract to complete the transaction. This step explains the transaction methods used by different exchanges on the main chain and parallel chains, as follows: Figure 4As shown, this includes centralized trading led by industry platforms and centralized trading led by market makers conducted by exchanges on the main chain, and centralized trading led by sellers, centralized trading led by buyers, weakly centralized trading with many-to-one proxy, and weakly centralized trading with one-to-many proxy conducted by exchanges on parallel chains. Details are as follows:

[0124] (I) Within the main chain, the industry platform P, built by the National Data Exchange, aggregates buyers and sellers who meet strict access mechanisms and oversees the execution of transactions. The National Data Exchange can also act as a market maker, purchasing data and services from sellers and reselling them to buyers. Because the central node of the main chain's centralized transactions is highly trustworthy, this model allows for the circulation of ownership rights to highly private and secure data resources. The operating rights to data products with high privacy and security, as well as the processing and usage rights to data with lower privacy and security, can also circulate on this chain. Specific transaction processes include:

[0125] Step A: Centralized trading led by industry platforms:

[0126] SA1, the industry platform P verifies the cross-chain transaction requests of buyer B and seller S based on the consensus mechanism of the private chain;

[0127] SA2, the industry platform P calls the smart contract on its blockchain to verify the identity of buyer B. T and seller S T The transaction information is matched to facilitate transactions;

[0128] SA3, Buyer B T and seller S T After the transaction is confirmed, when the transaction involves data ownership, industry platform P will act on behalf of buyer B. T and seller S T A data transmission channel is established between them to complete the transfer of data ownership; when transactions involve data management rights / data processing and usage rights, seller S... T For buyer B T Provide a data API interface for access;

[0129] SA4, Platform P to Buyer B T The account will be charged a fee to seller S. T The account makes payment, and the transaction is complete.

[0130] SA5 and Platform P write transaction information into the blockchain to ensure that the blockchain is traceable and tamper-proof.

[0131] Since the industry platform P is primarily responsible for facilitating transactions and monitoring their execution, after-sales service following a transaction will be handled by the seller S. T Seller S is represented by a dashed line in the legend, and is jointly borne by platform P.T For Buyer B T After-sales service.

[0132] Step B: Market Maker-Led Centralized Trading (This trading method refers to the National Data Exchange using the role of market maker M to centralize sellers and buyers, completing one-way transactions while isolating buyers and sellers):

[0133] SB1, Market maker M verifies seller S's cross-chain transaction request based on the consensus mechanism of the private blockchain;

[0134] SB2, Market maker M calls the smart contract on its blockchain to manage and verify the seller S. T Transaction information;

[0135] SB3, Seller S T After a transaction is confirmed, in transactions involving data ownership, market maker M and seller S... T A data transmission channel is established between them to complete the transfer of data ownership; when transactions involve data management rights / data processing and usage rights, seller S... T Provide market maker M with a data API interface for access;

[0136] SB4, Market maker M to seller S T The account is used to make payment;

[0137] SB5. Market maker M verifies buyer B's cross-chain transaction request based on the consensus mechanism of the private blockchain;

[0138] SB6. Market maker M invokes the smart contract on its blockchain to manage and verify buyer B. T Transaction information;

[0139] SB7, Buyer B T After a transaction is confirmed, in transactions involving data ownership, market maker M will negotiate with buyer B. T A data transmission channel is established between them to complete the transfer of data ownership; when transactions involve data management rights / data processing and usage rights, market maker M acts as the buyer B. T Provide a data API interface for access;

[0140] SB8, Market maker M to buyer B T The account fee is deducted, and the transaction is complete.

[0141] SB9. Market maker M writes transaction information into the blockchain to ensure that the blockchain is traceable and tamper-proof.

[0142] Because market maker M from seller S T Market maker M has full ownership / operation rights / processing and usage rights of the transaction data. Upon completing the purchase transaction, market maker M is fully responsible for its relationship with seller S.T This includes after-sales service and rights protection.

[0143] (ii) In the parallel chain, there are M local data trading centers approved by the local government and / or Nn industry data trading centers approved by the industry authorities (in the same field (N), several (n) data trading centers can be established by data supplier enterprises, demand enterprises, or third-party service institutions) and four trading modes are carried out: centralized trading led by sellers based on private chains / consortium chains, centralized trading led by buyers, weakly centralized trading with many-to-one proxy, and weakly centralized trading with one-to-many proxy.

[0144] Because the private / consortium blockchains formed by different trading centers have different structures (trading centers in the same field can form consortium blockchains), a heterogeneous parallel chain network of two blockchain types and multiple blockchains is formed. In this heterogeneous parallel chain network, based on different levels of centralization in the trading methods, the ownership of data resources with high privacy and security can only be circulated through seller-led centralized transactions and buyer-led centralized transactions. The operating rights of data products with higher privacy and security, as well as the data processing and usage rights with lower privacy and security, can be circulated through centralized / weakly centralized transactions. The specific transaction process includes:

[0145] Step C: Seller-led centralized transaction (the local data exchange center / industry data exchange center acts as the seller's transaction center):

[0146] SC1, Seller Transaction Center S * (To distinguish the seller S from the general user in the previous text, the seller as the transaction center is represented by the symbol S) * (This indicates that) the cross-chain transaction request of buyer B is verified based on the consensus mechanism of the private chain / consortium chain.

[0147] SC2, Seller Transaction Center S * The smart contract on the blockchain is invoked to manage and verify buyer B. T Transaction information;

[0148] SC3, Buyer B T After the transaction is confirmed, in transactions involving data ownership, the seller's transaction center S... * In its relationship with buyer B T A data transmission channel is opened between them to complete the transfer of data ownership; when transactions involve data management rights / data processing and usage rights, the seller's transaction center S * For buyer B T Provide a data API interface for access;

[0149] SC6, Seller Transaction Center S * For Buyer BT The account fee is deducted, and the transaction is complete.

[0150] SC7, Seller Transaction Center S * Transaction information is written into the blockchain to ensure that the blockchain is traceable and tamper-proof.

[0151] Step D: Buyer-led centralized transaction (the local data exchange center / industry data exchange center acts as the buyer's transaction center):

[0152] SD1, Buyer Transaction Center B * (To distinguish buyer B, who is a regular user in the previous text, we will use the symbol B to refer to the buyer in the transaction center.) * (This indicates that) the cross-chain transaction request of seller S is verified based on the consensus mechanism of the private chain / consortium chain.

[0153] SD2, Buyer Transaction Center B * The smart contract on the blockchain is invoked to manage and verify the seller S. T Transaction information;

[0154] SD3, Seller S T After the transaction is confirmed, in transactions involving data ownership, the buyer's transaction center B... * In its relationship with seller S T A data transmission channel is established between them to complete the transfer of data ownership; when transactions involve data management rights / data processing and usage rights, seller S... T For Buyer Transaction Center B * Provide a data API interface for access;

[0155] SD4, Buyer Transaction Center B * For seller S T The account makes payment, and the transaction is complete.

[0156] SD5, Buyer Transaction Center B * Transaction information is written into the blockchain to ensure that the blockchain is traceable and tamper-proof.

[0157] Step E: Weakly centralized transactions with many-to-one agents (the local data exchange center / industry data exchange center acts as the agent):

[0158] SE1, Agent A uses a private / consortium blockchain consensus mechanism to communicate with seller S1…S n Verify cross-chain transaction requests;

[0159] SE2, Agent A calls the smart contract on the blockchain to manage and verify the seller. Transaction information;

[0160] SE3, Seller After the transaction is confirmed, Agent A has the seller's... Regarding the agency management rights of data operation rights / data processing and usage rights (for weakly centralized transactions, the security of data ownership transactions cannot be guaranteed, therefore such transactions will not be conducted on this chain), the seller... Provide agent A with a data API interface for access;

[0161] SE4. Agent A verifies Buyer B's cross-chain transaction request based on the consensus mechanism of a private / consortium blockchain.

[0162] SE5, Agent A calls the smart contract on its blockchain to manage and verify Buyer B's identity. T Transaction information;

[0163] SE6, Buyer B T After the transaction is confirmed, agent A becomes buyer B. T Provide a data API interface for access;

[0164] SE7, Agent A to the corresponding buyer B T The account will be charged a fee, and the corresponding seller S will be charged accordingly. T The account makes payment, and the transaction is complete.

[0165] SE8. Agent A writes the transaction information into the blockchain to ensure that the blockchain is traceable and tamper-proof.

[0166] Since agent A is primarily responsible for managing the seller's data, after-sales service will be handled by the seller after the transaction is completed. The seller is represented by a dashed line in the legend, and the cost is shared with agent A. After-sales service for buyers (BT).

[0167] Step F: Weakly centralized transactions with one-to-many agents (the local data exchange center / industry data exchange center acts as the agent):

[0168] SF1, Agent A1…A n The consensus mechanism of the consortium blockchain is used to verify the cross-chain transaction request of seller S.

[0169] SF2, Agent A1…A n The smart contract on the blockchain is invoked to manage and verify the seller S. T Transaction information;

[0170] SF3, Seller S T After the transaction is confirmed, agent A1…A n Seller S TRegarding the agency management rights for data operation rights / data processing and usage rights (for weakly centralized transactions, the security of data ownership transactions cannot be guaranteed, therefore such transactions will not be conducted on this chain), seller S... T For distributor A1…A n Provide a data API interface for access;

[0171] SF4, Distributor A1…A n The consensus mechanism of the consortium blockchain is used to verify the cross-chain transaction request of buyer B.

[0172] SF5. Agent A invokes the smart contract on its blockchain to manage and verify the identity of buyer B. T Transaction information;

[0173] SF6, Buyer B T After the transaction is confirmed, agent A1…A n For buyer B T Provide a data API interface for access;

[0174] SF7, Distributor A1…A n For the corresponding buyer B T The account will be charged a fee to seller S. T The account makes payment, and the transaction is complete.

[0175] SF8, Distributor A1…A n Transaction information is written into the blockchain.

[0176] Due to agent A1…A n Primarily responsible for the agency management of seller data; after-sales service following the completion of a transaction will be handled by seller S. T And agent A1…A n Shared responsibility, represented by dashed lines in the legend for seller S. T For Buyer B T After-sales service.

[0177] This invention provides a transaction system for data element circulation based on a hyperchain, implemented in a national integrated data element circulation and transaction market framework based on a hyperchain, which is built on blockchain.

[0178] The data element circulation and trading market framework includes a main chain composed of K national data exchanges as trading center nodes, a parallel chain composed of M local data trading centers or Nn industry data trading centers as trading center nodes, and a public chain composed of X enterprises as enterprise nodes.

[0179] The transaction system includes:

[0180] The application module is used by enterprise nodes on the public chain or transaction center nodes on the parallel chain to initiate cross-chain transaction applications to the transaction center nodes on the main chain or parallel chain.

[0181] The verification module is used to verify and synchronize cross-chain transactions;

[0182] The management module is used to specify the transaction center node to call smart contracts to manage data transactions between buyers and sellers.

[0183] It is understood that the transaction system, storage medium and electronic device based on hyperchain for data element circulation provided in the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the transaction method based on hyperchain for data element circulation provided in the embodiments of the present invention. The explanation, examples and beneficial effects of the relevant contents can be referred to the corresponding parts of the blockchain-based transaction system method, and will not be repeated here.

[0184] In summary, compared with existing technologies, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0185] 1. From the perspective of the transfer of three types of data ownership rights—data resource ownership, data product operation rights, and data processing and usage rights—construct a circulation and trading mechanism for three types of data elements: centralized, decentralized, and distributed.

[0186] 2. Based on the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of blockchain technologies such as private chains, consortium chains, and public chains, design a privacy protection hyperchain solution that allows private chains, consortium chains, and public chains to work together.

[0187] 3. The constructed hyperchain connects the national data exchange, local data trading centers, industry data trading centers, and enterprises, breaking down "mechanism silos" and "data silos," and supporting cross-level, cross-regional, and cross-industry interconnection of data element circulation and trading platforms.

[0188] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0189] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transaction method for data element circulation based on hyperchain, characterized in that, It is implemented in a national integrated data element circulation and trading market framework based on hyperchain, which is built on blockchain; The data element circulation and trading market framework includes a main chain composed of K national data exchanges as trading center nodes, a parallel chain composed of M local data trading centers or Nn industry data trading centers as trading center nodes, and a public chain composed of X enterprises as enterprise nodes. The transaction methods include: S1. The enterprise node on the public chain or the transaction center node on the parallel chain initiates a cross-chain transaction application to the transaction center node on the main chain or the parallel chain. S2. Verify and synchronize cross-chain transactions; S3. The specified transaction center node invokes the smart contract to manage data transactions between buyers and sellers, including: If a cross-chain transaction request is initiated to the transaction center node on the main chain, the transaction center node on the main chain will conduct centralized transactions led by the industry platform or centralized transactions led by the market maker. If a cross-chain transaction request is initiated to a transaction center node on a parachain, the transaction center node on the parachain will conduct a seller-led centralized transaction, a buyer-led centralized transaction, a weakly centralized transaction with many-to-one proxy, or a weakly centralized transaction with one-to-many proxy.

2. The transaction method for data element circulation based on hyperchain as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-chain transaction application in S1 specifically includes: (1) The public blockchain serves as the source blockchain, and the main blockchain or parallel blockchain serves as the target blockchain. Cross-chain transaction requests initiated by enterprise nodes on the source chain to the transaction center on the target chain: Enterprises submit transaction requests to the transaction center on the target chain as buyers or sellers; (2) A parallel chain serves as the source chain, and the main chain or another parallel chain serves as the target chain. Cross-chain transaction requests initiated by transaction center nodes on the source chain to transaction centers on the target chain: Local data transaction centers / industry data transaction centers initiate transaction requests to transaction centers on the target chain as buyers or sellers.

3. The transaction method for data element circulation based on hyperchain as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The verification is based on a relay chain, and S2 specifically includes: S21. Collectors collect information from the source chain and broadcast transactions among the collector group; S22. The collector packages the cross-chain transactions into candidate blocks and sends them to the validator cluster randomly assigned by the relay chain. S23. The validator cluster verifies the legality of the information contained in the candidate block based on the cross-chain communication protocol, cross-chain asset transaction protocol and cross-chain smart contract call protocol. S24. The collector broadcasts the block to the fisherman; S25. Fishermen monitor the behavior of verifiers and verify the results of their statements; S26. The collector of the target chain listens to the relay chain. If the validator verifies the block and the fisherman approves the block action, the information is synchronized and cross-chain transactions are executed.

4. The transaction method for data element circulation based on hyperchain as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The industry platform was built by the National Data Exchange, and the centralized transactions led by the industry platform include: SA1, Industry Platform Consensus mechanism based on private blockchain for buyers and seller Verify cross-chain transaction requests; SA2, Industry Platform The corresponding smart contract is invoked to verify the buyer. and seller The transaction information is matched to facilitate transactions; SA3, Buyer and seller After the transaction is confirmed, when it involves data ownership, the industry platform... In the buyer and seller A data transmission channel is established between them to complete the transfer of data ownership; when transactions involve data management rights / data processing and usage rights, the seller... For buyers Provide a data API interface for access; SA4, Platform For buyers The account will be charged a fee to the seller. The account makes payment, and the transaction is complete. SA5, Platform Transaction information is written into the blockchain.

5. The transaction method for data element circulation based on hyperchain as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The market maker refers to the data exchange itself, and the centralized trading led by the market maker includes: SB1, Market Maker Consensus mechanism based on private blockchain for sellers Verify cross-chain transaction requests; SB2, Market Maker Call the corresponding smart contract to manage and verify the sellers. Transaction information; SB3, Seller After a transaction is confirmed, when it involves data ownership, the market maker... In its relationship with the seller A data transmission channel is established between them to complete the transfer of data ownership; when transactions involve data management rights / data processing and usage rights, the seller... For market makers Provide a data API interface for access; SB4, Market Maker For sellers The account is used to make payment; SB5, Market Maker Consensus mechanism based on private blockchain for buyers Verify cross-chain transaction requests; SB6, Market Maker Call the smart contract to manage verified buyers Transaction information; SB7, Buyer After a transaction is confirmed, when it involves data ownership, the market maker... In its relationship with the buyer A data transmission channel is opened between them to complete the transfer of data ownership; when transactions involve data management rights / data processing and usage rights, market makers... For buyers Provide a data API interface for access; SB8, Market Maker For buyers The account fee is deducted, and the transaction is complete. SB9, Market Maker Transaction information is written into the blockchain.

6. The transaction method for data element circulation based on hyperchain as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The local data exchange center / industry data exchange center acts as a seller trading center, and the seller-led centralized transactions include: SC1, Seller Transaction Center Consensus mechanisms based on private / consortium blockchains for buyers Verify cross-chain transaction requests; SC2, Seller Transaction Center Call the smart contract to manage verified buyers Transaction information; SC3, Buyer After the transaction is confirmed, in transactions involving data ownership, the seller's transaction center... In its relationship with the buyer A data transmission channel is established between them to complete the transfer of data ownership; when transactions involve data management rights / data processing and usage rights, the seller's transaction center... For buyers Provide a data API interface for access; SC6, Seller Transaction Center For buyers The account fee is deducted, and the transaction is complete. SC7, Seller Transaction Center Transaction information is written into the blockchain.

7. The transaction method for data element circulation based on hyperchain as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The local data exchange center / industry data exchange center serves as the buyer's trading center, and the buyer-led centralized transactions include: SD1, Buyer Transaction Center Consensus mechanisms based on private / consortium blockchains for sellers Verify cross-chain transaction requests; SD2, Buyer Transaction Center Call the smart contract to manage verified sellers Transaction information; SD3, Seller After the transaction is confirmed, in transactions involving data ownership, the buyer's transaction center... In its relationship with the seller A data transmission channel is established between them to complete the transfer of data ownership; when transactions involve data management rights / data processing and usage rights, the seller... For Buyer Transaction Center Provide a data API interface for access; SD4, Buyer Transaction Center For sellers The account makes payment, and the transaction is complete. SD5, Buyer Transaction Center Transaction information is written into the blockchain.

8. The transaction method for data element circulation based on hyperchain as described in claim 2, characterized in that... The local data exchange center / industry data exchange center acts as an agent, and the weakly centralized transactions through the many-to-one agent include: SE1, Distributor Consensus mechanisms based on private / consortium blockchains for sellers Verify cross-chain transaction requests; SE2, Distributor Call the smart contract to manage verified sellers Transaction information; SE3, Seller After the transaction is confirmed, the agent Own seller Regarding the agency management rights of data operation rights / data processing and usage rights, the seller For agents Provide a data API interface for access; SE4, Distributor Consensus mechanisms based on private / consortium blockchains for buyers Verify cross-chain transaction requests; SE5, Distributor Call the smart contract to manage verified buyers Transaction information; SE6, Buyer After the transaction is confirmed, the agent For buyers Provide a data API interface for access; SE7, Distributor For the corresponding buyers The account will be charged a fee to the corresponding seller. The account makes payment, and the transaction is complete. SE8, Distributor Transaction information is written into the blockchain.

9. The transaction method for data element circulation based on hyperchain as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The local data exchange center / industry data exchange center acts as an agent, and the weakly centralized transactions under the one-to-many agent model include: SF1, Distributor Consensus mechanism based on consortium blockchain for sellers Verify cross-chain transaction requests; SF2, Distributor Call the smart contract to manage verified sellers Transaction information; SF3, Seller After the transaction is confirmed, the agent Own seller Regarding the agency management rights of data operation rights / data processing and usage rights, the seller For agents Provide a data API interface for access; SF4, Distributor Consensus mechanism based on consortium blockchain for buyers Verify cross-chain transaction requests; SF5, Distributor Call the smart contract to manage verified buyers Transaction information; SF6, Buyer After the transaction is confirmed, the agent For buyers Provide a data API interface for access; SF7, Distributor For the corresponding buyers The account will be charged a fee to the seller. The account makes payment, and the transaction is complete. SF8, Distributor Transaction information is written into the blockchain.

10. A transaction system based on hyperchain for the circulation of data elements, characterized in that, It is implemented in a national integrated data element circulation and trading market framework based on hyperchain, which is built on blockchain; The data element circulation and trading market framework includes a main chain composed of K national data exchanges as trading center nodes, a parallel chain composed of M local data trading centers or Nn industry data trading centers as trading center nodes, and a public chain composed of X enterprises as enterprise nodes. The transaction system is used to execute the transaction method for data element circulation based on hyperchain as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, including: The application module is used by enterprise nodes on the public chain or transaction center nodes on the parallel chain to initiate cross-chain transaction applications to the transaction center nodes on the main chain or parallel chain. The verification module is used to verify and synchronize cross-chain transactions; The management module is used to specify the transaction center node to call smart contracts to manage data transactions between buyers and sellers.

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