Coastal composite flexible bank structure and construction method
By setting up multi-layered protective structures along the coastline, including breakwaters, wetlands, drainage ditches, sloping green spaces, and invisible dikes, the problems of saline pollution and sudden marine disasters in coastal areas have been solved, achieving stable and multi-functional protection for the ecological landscape project.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BEIJING ZHENGHE HENGJI INT URBAN PLANNING & DESIGN CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-06-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing ecological landscape projects in coastal areas cannot effectively resist the damage of seawater salinity, are affected by coastal salt fog, and cannot cope with sudden high waves and storm surges, resulting in poor growth or even death of seedlings.
Along the coastline, a series of structures are set up, including a breakwater, a wetland, a drainage ditch, a first-slope green space, a hidden breakwater, and a second-slope green space. Through the salt drainage layer and drainage pipe layer structure, combined with a reinforced concrete structure and a planting soil layer, a multi-layer protection system is formed to drain accumulated water and salinity, thereby enhancing the impact resistance.
It effectively resists high-level overtopping waves and storm surges of different levels, protects the soil from saline-alkali pollution, improves the plant growth environment, enhances coastal protection capabilities, and achieves multi-functional protection and landscape effects.
Smart Images
Figure CN116591101B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological engineering technology, specifically to coastal composite resilient embankment structures and their construction methods. Background Technology
[0002] After establishing a stable coastline, coastal areas need to construct high-quality and safe ecological landscape projects.
[0003] However, existing ecological landscape projects typically involve soil improvement and planting of seedlings in coastal areas. This method has several problems: seawater can flood into coastal areas with storm surges, causing waterlogging; and because seawater is rich in salt and alkali, it can pollute the soil, affecting seedling growth and even causing seedling death. Furthermore, this method only raises the elevation of the revetment along the coast, providing a single layer of protection. This layer of protection is only effective against regular high waves and storm surges, and it no longer provides protection against sudden high waves and storm surges. In addition, coastal areas are already affected by salt spray, groundwater (salt rises through the capillary action of the original soil), and overtopping waves. Saltwater continuously pollutes the planting soil and damages plants, causing seedlings to grow weakly or even die. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a coastal composite resilient embankment structure and construction method to solve the problems of existing technologies in ecological landscape engineering construction that cannot resist the damage of seawater salinity, are affected by the salt fog of the coastal area itself, and cannot cope with sudden high waves and storm surges.
[0005] Based on the above objectives, in a first aspect, the coastal composite resilient seawall structure provided in this application includes: a breakwater, a wetland, a drainage ditch, a first sloping green space, a hidden breakwater, and a second sloping green space arranged sequentially along the coastline from the nearshore end to the offshore end; the breakwater is adjacent to the sea and serves as the first line of defense against impacts; the wetland is at the same height as the drainage ditch, allowing water in the wetland to overflow into the drainage ditch for discharge; the hidden breakwater is located underground, while the first sloping green space and the second sloping green space are located above ground and are respectively situated on both sides of the hidden breakwater; the top surface of the hidden breakwater is higher than the top surface of the breakwater, and the hidden breakwater, the first sloping green space, and the second sloping green space together serve as the second line of defense against impacts;
[0006] The cross-sectional structure of the first and second slope green areas consists of a planting soil layer, a salt drainage layer, a base soil layer, and a drainage pipe layer, arranged from top to bottom. The water collection ditch is connected to the salt drainage layer and is used to collect and drain the accumulated water in the salt drainage layer.
[0007] Furthermore, the salt drainage layer includes a first main pipe, a second main pipe, and a salt drainage pipe; multiple salt drainage pipes are laid at equal intervals on one side of the nearshore end of the invisible dike, and one salt drainage pipe is laid on one side of the farshore end of the invisible dike; the first main pipe is distributed on both sides of the water collection ditch, and the first main pipe is connected to the lower part of the salt drainage pipe, for draining the water accumulated in the salt drainage pipe into the water collection ditch through the first main pipe; the second main pipe is connected to the middle of the water collection ditch, and the second main pipe is connected to an external sewage pipe for draining the water accumulated in the water collection ditch.
[0008] Furthermore, the cross-sectional structure of the invisible dike is arranged from top to bottom as follows: a planting layer, the main body of the invisible dike, the foundation of the invisible dike, and the pile structure of the invisible dike. The pile structure of the invisible dike adopts precast foundation piles, and the foundation of the invisible dike is connected to the pile structure of the invisible dike by steel bars. The main body of the invisible dike is a cantilever retaining wall made of reinforced concrete, and the main body of the invisible dike is connected to the foundation of the invisible dike by steel bars. The planting layer is backfilled with planting soil, and after backfilling, it is ensured that the location of the invisible dike slopes to both sides.
[0009] Furthermore, the drainage pipe layer includes drainage pipes laid along the terrain of the first slope green space and the second slope green space, and the laying of the drainage pipes allows water to flow from the near-shore end of the invisible dike to the offshore end of the invisible dike.
[0010] Furthermore, the breakwater includes a foundation layer and a breakwater body; the breakwater body is connected to the foundation layer by steel bars; the foundation layer is made of reinforced concrete, and the width of the foundation layer exceeds the width of the breakwater body to improve the strength of the breakwater; one side of the near-shore end of the breakwater body is set as a concave surface to improve the impact resistance of the breakwater.
[0011] Furthermore, the cross-sectional structure of the wetland consists of a pebble layer, a soil layer, a permeable geotextile layer, and a gravel cushion layer from top to bottom. The soil layer is backfilled with planting soil. The permeable geotextile layer is laid between the soil layer and the gravel cushion layer to isolate the planting soil in the soil layer from the gravel in the gravel cushion layer. The gravel cushion layer is used to filter accumulated water.
[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a breakwater road, which is located between the breakwater and the wetland, serving as a passageway.
[0013] Furthermore, the water collection ditch is constructed of reinforced concrete, and its length is adapted to the length of the wetland to collect the accumulated water in the wetland.
[0014] Based on the above objectives, in a second aspect, the method for constructing a coastal composite resilient embankment structure provided in this application includes:
[0015] S1: A breakwater shall be constructed along the coastline;
[0016] S2: An invisible dike is installed below ground level at a location 40-60m away from the breakwater;
[0017] S3: Construct the first sloping green space at the near-shore end of the invisible breakwater, and construct the second sloping green space at the far-shore end of the invisible breakwater;
[0018] First, the drainage pipe layer is constructed, with the drainage pipes passing through the hidden dike to drain groundwater. Then, a base soil layer is laid on top of the drainage pipe layer. Next, a salt drainage layer is constructed on top of the base soil layer, with salt drainage pipes spaced apart. The first main pipe is connected to the bottom of the salt drainage pipes to collect water from the salt drainage pipes. Finally, a planting soil layer is laid on top of the base soil layer.
[0019] S4: A wetland is set up between the first slope green space and the breakwater;
[0020] S5: A water collection ditch is set up between the green space on the first slope and the wetland.
[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the coastal composite resilient embankment structure provided in this application has the following technical advantages compared with the prior art:
[0022] This application proposes to construct, along the coastline from nearshore to offshore, a breakwater, a wetland, a drainage ditch, a first-slope green space, a concealed breakwater, and a second-slope green space. The breakwater is adjacent to the sea and serves as the first line of defense against impacts. The wetland is at the same level as the drainage ditch, and the waves are purified in the wetland by the concealed breakwater. If the water in the wetland overflows, it flows into the drainage ditch and is discharged through the drainage ditch.
[0023] The drainage ditch is located between the wetland and the first slope green space. Rainwater or floodwater can flow from the first slope green space into the drainage ditch and then drain out.
[0024] The invisible breakwater is located underground. Since the top surface of the invisible breakwater is higher than the top surface of the breakwater, the first slope green space and the second slope green space are both located above the invisible breakwater and above the ground. The first slope green space and the second slope green space together with the invisible breakwater can serve as a second line of defense against impacts and can cope with sudden high waves and storm surges of different levels.
[0025] The cross-sectional structure of the first and second slope green areas consists of a planting soil layer, a salt drainage layer, a base soil layer, and a drainage pipe layer, arranged from top to bottom. The salt drainage layer is connected to the water collection ditch, which collects the water accumulated in the salt drainage layer and discharges it to the outside, thereby protecting the soil from pollution by the salt and alkali components in the water.
[0026] In summary, the coastal composite resilient embankment structure proposed in this application can effectively resist high-level overtopping waves and storm surges of different levels, and can also overcome the problem of high soil salinity, thus achieving multifunctional protection. Attached Figure Description
[0027] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the coastal composite tough embankment structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the wetland of the coastal composite tough embankment structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the first slope green space of the coastal composite resilient embankment structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the second slope green space of the coastal composite resilient embankment structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the salt drainage layer of the coastal composite tough embankment structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the invisible dike of the coastal composite tough dike structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wavebreak for a coastal composite toughness dike provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0035] Icons: 1-Breakwater, 11-Foundation layer, 12-Breakwater body, 2-Wetland, 21-Pebble layer, 22-Soil layer, 23-Permeable geotextile layer, 24-Gravel cushion layer, 3-Water collection ditch, 4-First slope green space, 5-Invisible dike, 51-Planting layer, 52-Invisible dike body, 53-Invisible dike foundation, 54-Invisible dike pile structure, 6-Second slope green space, 7-Planting soil layer, 8-Salt drainage layer, 81-First main pipe, 82-Second main pipe, 83-Salt drainage pipe, 9-Base soil layer, 10-Non-woven fabric, 13-Gravel layer, 14-Dike top road. Detailed Implementation
[0036] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0039] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a coastal composite resilient embankment structure is provided, including: a breakwater 1, a wetland 2, a drainage ditch 3, a first slope green space 4, a hidden embankment 5, and a second slope green space 6 arranged sequentially along the coastline from the near-shore end to the offshore end.
[0040] The nearshore end is the direction closest to the sea, and the offshore end is the direction furthest from the sea. The distance from the nearshore end to the offshore end is... Figure 1 The middle direction is from north to south.
[0041] The breakwater 1 is adjacent to the sea and serves as the first line of defense against impacts. The wetland 22 is at the same level as the open drainage ditch 3, allowing the overflowing water in the wetland 2 to be discharged into the open drainage ditch 3. The invisible breakwater 1 is located underground, while the first sloping green space 4 and the second sloping green space 6 are located above ground and on either side of the invisible breakwater 5. The first sloping green space 4 is located at the near-shore end of the invisible breakwater 5, and the second sloping green space 6 is located at the far-shore end of the invisible breakwater 5. The top surface of the invisible breakwater 5 is higher than the top surface of the breakwater 1. The first sloping green space 4, the invisible breakwater 5, and the second sloping green space 6 together serve as the second line of defense against impacts.
[0042] like Figure 3 or Figure 4 As shown, the cross-sectional structure of the first slope green space 4 and the second slope green space 6 is provided with a planting soil layer 7, a salt drainage layer 8, and a base soil layer 9 from top to bottom; the water collection ditch 3 is connected to the salt drainage layer 8 and is used to collect and drain the water accumulated in the salt drainage layer 8.
[0043] During application, coarse sand is laid on top of the salt drainage layer 8, followed by a layer of geotextile to prevent the planting soil layer 7 above the salt drainage layer 8 from entering the gravel laid in the salt drainage layer 8 and causing blockage; the planting soil layer 7 is laid on top of the geotextile; the slope extends from the top of the invisible dike 5 to both sides, the thickness of the planting soil layer 7 in the first slope green space 4 at the near-sea end of the invisible dike 5 is not less than 500mm, and the thickness of the planting soil layer 7 in the second slope green space 6 at the far-sea end of the invisible dike 5 is not less than 1500mm.
[0044] As a preferred implementation method Figure 5 As shown, the salt drainage layer 8 includes a first main pipe 81, a second main pipe 82, and a salt drainage pipe 83; multiple salt drainage pipes 83 are laid at equal intervals on one side of the near-sea end of the invisible dike 5; a salt drainage pipe 83 is also provided on one side of the far-sea end of the invisible dike 5; the first main pipe 81 is distributed on both sides of the water collection ditch 3, and the first main pipe 81 is connected to the bottom of the salt drainage pipe 83, so as to let the water accumulated in the salt drainage pipe 83 flow into the water collection ditch 3 through the first main pipe 81; the second main pipe 82 is connected to the middle of the water collection ditch 3, and the second main pipe 82 is connected to the external sewage pipe to drain the water accumulated in the water collection ditch 3.
[0045] Specifically, a salt drainage pipe 83 is installed every 8 meters on one side of the nearshore end of the invisible breakwater 5.
[0046] Specifically, when laying the salt drainage layer 8, a 200mm gravel layer 13 is laid on the second slope green space 6 at the far sea end of the invisible dike 5 and the first slope green space 4 at the near sea end of the invisible dike 5. Planting soil is laid on top of the 200mm gravel, with a thickness of 15mm. Then, non-woven fabric 10 is laid on the planting soil, and then 10mm gravel is laid on top of the non-woven fabric. Then, a salt drainage ditch is dug, and a salt drainage pipe 83 is set in the middle of the salt drainage ditch.
[0047] The salt drainage ditch has an inverted isosceles trapezoidal structure, with a top width of 400mm, a bottom width of 200mm, and a height of 400mm.
[0048] The salt drainage pipe 83 is made of PVC material with a diameter of 63mm;
[0049] As a preferred implementation method Figure 6 As shown, the cross-sectional structure of the invisible dike 5 consists of a planting layer 51, an invisible dike body 52, an invisible dike foundation 53, and an invisible dike pile structure 54, arranged from top to bottom. The invisible dike pile structure 54 uses precast piles as foundations. The invisible dike foundation 53 and the invisible dike pile structure 54 are connected by steel bars. The invisible dike body 52 is a cantilever retaining wall made of reinforced concrete. The invisible dike body 52 and the invisible dike foundation 53 are connected by steel bars. The planting layer 51 is backfilled with planting soil. After backfilling, the invisible dike 5 is sloped to both sides.
[0050] Specifically, the elevation of the invisible dike foundation 53 is 3.5m and the width is 1.6m. The invisible dike foundation 53 is roughened so that the invisible dike pile structure 54 can be poured on top of the invisible dike foundation 53, so that the invisible dike pile structure 54 can be integrated with the invisible dike foundation 53 after the concrete is poured.
[0051] Specifically, the top surface of the main body 52 of the invisible dike is at an elevation of 7.5m and has a thickness of 200mm.
[0052] As a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the breakwater 1 includes a foundation layer 11 and a breakwater body 12; the breakwater body 12 is connected to the foundation layer 11 by steel bars; the foundation layer 11 is made of reinforced concrete, and the width of the foundation layer 11 exceeds the width of the breakwater body 12 to improve the strength of the breakwater 1; one side of the near-sea end of the breakwater body 12 is set as a concave surface to improve the impact resistance of the breakwater 1.
[0053] Specifically, the foundation layer 11 is roughened to ensure that the concrete of the main body 12 of the breakwater can form a whole with the foundation layer 11 after pouring.
[0054] Specifically, the end face of the nearshore end of breakwater 1 is an arc surface. The top elevation of breakwater 1 is 6.5m.
[0055] As a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the cross-sectional structure of the wetland 2 consists of a pebble layer 21, a soil layer 22, a permeable geotextile layer 23, and a crushed stone cushion layer 24, arranged from top to bottom.
[0056] The pebble layer 21 uses pebbles with a particle size of 50-80mm. The pebble layer 21 is used to prevent the erosion of the lower planting soil and to absorb suspended solids and dust in the water. The pebble layer 21 acts as a filter. The soil layer 22 is backfilled with planting soil, and the thickness of the planting soil in the soil layer 22 is 500mm. The permeable geotextile layer 23 is laid between the soil layer 22 and the gravel cushion layer 24 to isolate the planting soil in the soil layer 22 from the gravel in the gravel cushion layer 24. The gravel cushion layer 24 plays the role of isolating and filtering water accumulation.
[0057] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes a breakwater road 14, which is located between the breakwater 1 and the wetland 2, and serves as a passageway.
[0058] As a preferred embodiment, the water collection ditch 3 is constructed of reinforced concrete, and the length of the water collection ditch 3 is adapted to the length of the wetland 2 so as to collect the water accumulated in the wetland 2; the elevation of the water collection ditch 3 is 5.2m, and the length of the water collection ditch 3 is 10-40m.
[0059] Example 2
[0060] Secondly, the method for constructing a coastal composite resilient embankment structure provided in this application includes:
[0061] S1: A breakwater 1 shall be constructed at a location along the coastline.
[0062] Specifically, during the construction of breakwater 1:
[0063] First, the foundation layer 1 is cast. The foundation layer 1 is cast as a reinforced concrete structure with a top surface elevation of 4m and a foundation width that exceeds the width of the main body 12 of the breakwater by 2m, so as to ensure that the breakwater 1 has sufficient strength and stability.
[0064] Then, the base surface of the foundation layer 11 is roughened; the roughening of the base surface of the foundation layer 11 can ensure that the concrete of the main body 12 of the breakwater can form a whole with the foundation layer 11 after the concrete is poured.
[0065] Then, the main body of the breakwater 12 is cast; the main body of the breakwater 12 is cast with reinforced concrete, which is 2.5m higher than the foundation layer 11 and has a top elevation of 6.5m. The near-sea end of the main body of the breakwater 12 is made into a concave shape to ensure that the breakwater 1 has better resistance to surfing.
[0066] Finally, the main body 12 of the breakwater is connected to the foundation layer 11 above it by steel bars.
[0067] S2: An invisible dike 5 is installed below ground at a location 40-60m away from the breakwater 1.
[0068] Specifically, during the construction of Invisible Dike 5:
[0069] First, the invisible embankment pile structure 54 is mechanically pressed into the soil;
[0070] Then, the foundation 53 of the invisible dike was constructed as a reinforced concrete structure with a top elevation of 3.5m and a width of 1.6m.
[0071] Then, the base surface of the invisible dike foundation 53 is roughened to facilitate the connection of the invisible dike foundation 53 to the upper part of the invisible dike pile structure 54 by steel reinforcement and casting.
[0072] Then, the main body 52 of the invisible dike is connected to the foundation 53 of the invisible dike by means of steel bars and pouring; a planting layer 51 is laid on the top of the main body 52 of the invisible dike, and the planting layer 51 is made of planting soil.
[0073] Then, when the breakwater 1 and the invisible breakwater 5 are completed, a road on the top of the breakwater 1 will be built on the offshore side for passage. The road on the top of the breakwater 1 will be a 9-meter-wide carriageway.
[0074] S3: Construct the first sloping green space 4 at the near-sea end of the invisible dike 5, and construct the second sloping green space 6 at the far-sea end of the invisible dike 5.
[0075] Specifically, during the construction of the first slope green space 4 and the second slope green space 6:
[0076] First, lay the base soil layer 9;
[0077] After the foundation soil layer 9 is backfilled with backfill soil, it slopes outward from the position of the invisible dike 5 to both sides.
[0078] Then, a salt removal layer 8 is placed above the base soil layer 9;
[0079] First, a first main pipe 81 is laid on one side of the near-sea end of the invisible dike 5. The first main pipe 81 is located on both sides of the water collection ditch 3, 2m away from both ends of the water collection ditch and perpendicular to the water collection ditch 3. The first main pipe 81 is used to collect the accumulated water in the salt discharge pipe 83 above and guide the accumulated water into the water collection ditch 3.
[0080] Then, the second main pipe 82 is connected to the first main pipe 81. The second main pipe 82 is located below the first main pipe 81 and is located in the middle of the water collection ditch 3. The second main pipe 82 is connected to the sewage pipe outside the invisible dike 5 to discharge the water in the water collection ditch 3 through the second main pipe 82 and the sewage pipe.
[0081] Next, the planting soil layer 7 is laid, which is 15mm thick. Below the planting soil is a 200mm thick layer of crushed stone. The foundation is compacted, and then a layer of non-woven fabric (200g / m²) is laid. On top of the non-woven fabric, a 200mm thick layer of crushed stone with a particle size of 10mm is laid. After the crushed stone layer is laid, the salt drainage ditch is excavated. The ditch is an inverted isosceles trapezoid with an upper opening of 400mm and a lower opening of 200mm. The trench is 00mm wide and 400mm deep. First, some coarse sand is backfilled into the trench, and then the salt drainage pipes are laid. The salt drainage pipes 83 are installed in the middle of the salt drainage trench, and the salt drainage pipes 83 are laid every 8m on one side of the near-sea end of the invisible dike 5. One salt drainage pipe 83 is laid on one side of the far-sea end of the invisible dike 5. The salt drainage pipes 83 are connected to the first main pipe 81 so that the water in the salt drainage pipes 83 flows into the first main pipe 81 below.
[0082] After the salt drainage pipe 83 is laid, the remaining coarse sand is backfilled and the gravel layer damaged by the excavation of the salt drainage ditch is restored. Then, a layer of geotextile (750g / ㎡) is laid on top of the gravel layer to prevent the planting soil above from entering the gravel layer and causing blockage. At the same time, a layer of geotextile (750g / ㎡) is also laid at the junction of the salt drainage layer 8 and the non-salt drainage layer for isolation. At this time, the salt drainage layer 8 is laid.
[0083] Then, the planting soil layer 7 is laid. The planting soil layer 7 is made of planting soil. The planting soil is backfilled on top of the geotextile of the salt drainage layer 8. The terrain slopes from above the invisible dike 5 (the elevation after formation exceeds the invisible dike by 500mm) to both sides. The slope on the north side extends to the edge of the wetland 2, and the thickness of the planting soil is not less than 500mm. The slope on the south side extends to the building boundary line, and the thickness of the planting soil is 1500mm.
[0084] S4: A wetland 2 is set up between the first slope green space and the breakwater.
[0085] Specifically, during the construction of the wetland area 2:
[0086] First, lay a 200mm crushed stone bedding layer with a crushed stone particle size of 15-25mm;
[0087] Then, a permeable geotextile layer is laid to serve as a barrier and filter.
[0088] Then, planting soil is laid on top of the permeable geotextile layer, with a thickness of 500mm.
[0089] Then, a layer of pebbles with a particle size of 50-80mm is laid on top of the planting soil to absorb suspended solids in the water and prevent the planting soil from being washed away. A layer of pebbles is laid in the low-lying area of the wetland 2 to prevent the lower planting soil from being washed away, absorb suspended solids and dust in the water, and filter the soil.
[0090] The wetland 2 area is the lowest point of the entire project, used to collect surface runoff and rainwater that cannot be discharged in time, and also to purify overflowing water. This area is located between Embankment Road 14 and the first sloping green space 4, and its overall shape mimics the style of a natural riverbank to enhance its aesthetic appeal. The widest part of Wetland 2 is between 10-13m, the upper elevation of Wetland 2 is 5.2m-5.4m, and the bottom elevation is 4.5-4.7m. Other areas of Wetland 2 are planted with salt-tolerant plants to reinforce the slope, purify the water, and enrich the landscape for added visual appeal.
[0091] S5: A water collection ditch 3 is set up between the first slope green space and the wetland 2; the accumulated water is discharged through the water collection ditch 3.
[0092] During the construction of the open drainage ditch 3, sapling planting can be carried out simultaneously. Within the wave-crossing area (the wave-crossing area refers to the area between the breakwater 1 and the hidden breakwater 5), halophytes will be the main species, such as: Suaeda salsa, Tamarix chinensis, Reed, Rye, and Taraxacum officinale. The area between the open drainage ditch 3 and the hidden breakwater 5 will mainly consist of salt-tolerant shrubs and ornamental grasses, such as: Pennisetum alopecuroides, Miscanthus sinensis, Iris tectorum, and Yarrow. On the side of the hidden breakwater 5 closer to the open sea, ecological planting will be carried out in accordance with the terrain, selecting suitable native plant species to construct the landscape space. Suitable plants include: Ash, Sophora japonica, Robinia pseudoacacia, Lonicera japonica, Sophora japonica 'Golden Branch', Iris tectorum, Liriope muscari, and Duchesnea indica.
[0093] The advantages of this application are:
[0094] (1) Apply salt removal technology to create a suitable environment for plant growth.
[0095] Based on the planting height, the blind pipe salt drainage method is adopted on both sides of the invisible dike 5 to improve the infiltration capacity of the upper soil water and cut off the upward path of saline water along the original soil capillary.
[0096] (2) By setting up an invisible dike 5, the overall resistance to storm surge can be improved, and the damage to vegetation behind the dike caused by sea wind and salt spray can be reduced to a certain extent.
[0097] (3) Strengthen coastal protection to resist damage caused by high waves; establish a multi-layer near-shore protection structure and integrate the flood control system into the landscape topography, so as to meet the needs of different levels of sudden high waves and storm surges, protect the safety of the rear site and the city, and ensure the overall landscape effect.
[0098] (4) Achieve near-shore terrestrial ecological restoration and establish a "sponge system"; quickly remove seawater that surges in with storm surges, reduce seawater erosion on soil, and establish an ecological artificial coastline.
[0099] (5) It plays a role in connecting the landscape features; it can connect the landscape space behind and improve the overall landscape effect; due to the influence of the region, the seaside is mostly a desolate landscape. This application can shorten the distance of landscape switching and enhance the richness and visibility of the landscape.
[0100] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A coastal composite resilient embankment structure, characterized in that, include: Along the coastline, from nearshore to offshore, a series of structures are constructed: a breakwater, a wetland, a drainage ditch, a first sloping green space, a concealed breakwater, and a second sloping green space. The breakwater is adjacent to the sea, serving as the first line of defense against impacts. The wetland is at the same level as the drainage ditch, allowing overflowing water to drain into it. The concealed breakwater is underground, while the first and second sloping green spaces are above ground, located on either side of the concealed breakwater. The top of the concealed breakwater is higher than the top of the breakwater. Together, the concealed breakwater, the first sloping green space, and the second sloping green space form the second line of defense against impacts. The cross-sectional structure of the first and second slope green areas consists of a planting soil layer, a salt drainage layer, a base soil layer, and a drainage pipe layer, arranged from top to bottom; the water collection ditch is connected to the salt drainage layer and is used to collect and drain the accumulated water in the salt drainage layer. The salt drainage layer includes a first main pipe, a second main pipe, and a salt drainage pipe; multiple salt drainage pipes are laid at equal intervals on one side of the nearshore end of the invisible dike, and one salt drainage pipe is laid on the farshore end of the invisible dike; the first main pipe is distributed on both sides of the water collection ditch, and the first main pipe is connected to the bottom of the salt drainage pipe, for draining the water accumulated in the salt drainage pipe into the water collection ditch through the first main pipe; the second main pipe is connected to the middle of the water collection ditch, and the second main pipe is connected to an external sewage pipe for draining the water accumulated in the water collection ditch; The cross-sectional structure of the invisible dike consists of a planting layer, the main body of the invisible dike, the foundation of the invisible dike, and the pile structure of the invisible dike, arranged from top to bottom. The pile structure of the invisible dike uses precast piles as foundations, and the foundation of the invisible dike is connected to the pile structure by steel bars. The main body of the invisible dike is a cantilever retaining wall made of reinforced concrete, and the main body of the invisible dike is connected to the foundation of the invisible dike by steel bars. The planting layer is backfilled with planting soil, and after backfilling, the location of the invisible dike is ensured to slope to both sides.
2. The coastal composite resilient embankment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage pipe layer includes drainage pipes laid along the terrain of the first slope green space and the second slope green space, and the laying of the drainage pipes allows water to flow from the near-shore end of the invisible dike to the offshore end of the invisible dike.
3. The coastal composite resilient embankment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The breakwater includes a foundation layer and a breakwater body; the breakwater body is connected to the foundation layer by steel bars; the foundation layer is made of reinforced concrete and its width exceeds that of the breakwater body to improve the strength of the breakwater; one side of the breakwater body near the sea is set as a concave surface to improve the breakwater's impact resistance.
4. The coastal composite resilient embankment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional structure of the wetland consists of a pebble layer, a soil layer, a permeable geotextile layer, and a crushed stone cushion layer from top to bottom. The soil layer is backfilled with planting soil. The permeable geotextile layer is laid between the soil layer and the crushed stone cushion layer to isolate the planting soil in the soil layer from the crushed stones in the crushed stone cushion layer. The crushed stone cushion layer is used to filter accumulated water.
5. The coastal composite resilient embankment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a breakwater road, which is located between the breakwater and the wetland, serving as a passageway.
6. The coastal composite resilient embankment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water collection ditch is constructed of reinforced concrete, and its length is adapted to the length of the wetland to collect the accumulated water in the wetland.
7. A method for constructing a coastal composite resilient embankment structure, comprising the coastal composite resilient embankment structure according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, include: S1: Set up breakwaters along the coastline; S2: An invisible dike is installed below ground level at a location 40-60m away from the breakwater; S3: Construct the first sloping green space at the near-shore end of the invisible breakwater, and construct the second sloping green space at the far-shore end of the invisible breakwater; First, the drainage pipe layer is constructed, and the drainage pipes are passed through the invisible dike for underground water accumulation; then, the base soil layer is laid on top of the drainage pipe layer; then, the salt drainage layer is constructed on top of the base soil layer, and the salt drainage pipes of the salt drainage layer are set at intervals, and the first main pipe is connected to the bottom of the salt drainage pipes to collect the water accumulated in the salt drainage pipes; then, the planting soil layer is laid on top of the base soil layer. S4: A wetland is set up between the first slope green space and the breakwater; S5: A water collection ditch is set up between the green space on the first slope and the wetland.