Fuel cell heat dissipation spraying device, heat dissipation system and fuel cell assembly

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a fuel cell heat dissipation spraying device, a heat dissipation system and a fuel cell assembly. Water mist is sprayed from top to bottom to one side of the first heat sink which faces away from the second heat sink by the first long strip spraying channel, and water mist is sprayed from top to bottom between the first heat sink and the second heat sink by the second long strip spraying channel. Air is circulated from the upstream side to the downstream side by the heat dissipation fan, so that the water mist is moved along the airflow direction under the driving action of the air. The spraying of the water mist also has the effect of disturbing the flow of the air, so that the water mist, the air and the heat dissipation assembly are fully contacted. The evaporation of the water mist and the flow of the air take away the heat of the heat dissipation assembly, so that the heat dissipation effect on the heat dissipation assembly is greatly improved. Moreover, one water mist chamber simultaneously provides water mist for the first long strip spraying channel and the second long strip spraying channel, the fuel cell heat dissipation spraying device has high integration, and occupies small space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a fuel cell heat dissipation spray device, heat dissipation system, and fuel cell assembly. Background Technology

[0002] The hydrogen fuel cell stack generates a lot of heat during operation. In order to ensure the normal operation of the stack, it is equipped with a heat dissipation device, which includes a radiator and a fan. The high-temperature coolant discharged from the stack is sent to the radiator, and the fan works to cool the radiator. After the coolant in the radiator is cooled down, it becomes a low-temperature coolant, which is then returned to the stack.

[0003] To improve heat dissipation, existing technologies propose spraying water mist onto the heat exchanger while simultaneously cooling the radiator with air, using the water mist to carry away heat from the radiator surface. However, the above structure suffers from problems such as unreasonable layout, insignificant increase in cooling effect when using water mist and air cooling, and large space occupation.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fuel cell heat dissipation spray device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fuel cell heat dissipation spray device, heat dissipation system and fuel cell assembly, which can improve the cooling effect of heat dissipation components and reduce the space occupied.

[0006] To achieve this objective, firstly, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A fuel cell heat dissipation spray device includes:

[0008] A heat dissipation assembly having an upstream side and a downstream side disposed opposite to each other along the airflow direction; the heat dissipation assembly includes a first radiator and a second radiator spaced apart along the airflow direction.

[0009] A cooling fan is used to direct airflow from the upstream side to the downstream side;

[0010] The heat dissipation spray unit is provided with a water mist chamber, and a first elongated spray channel and a second elongated spray channel, both of which are connected to the water mist chamber. The water mist chamber is used to connect to the exhaust port of the fuel cell stack. The first elongated spray channel is used to spray water mist from top to bottom onto the side of the first radiator opposite to the second radiator, and the second elongated spray channel is used to spray water mist from top to bottom between the first radiator and the second radiator.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned fuel cell heat dissipation spray device, the heat dissipation spray unit includes two U-shaped tubes and a sealing cap. The opening of the U-shaped tubes faces downward and one of the U-shaped tubes is placed inside the other U-shaped tube, so that the water mist chamber is formed between the two U-shaped tubes. One end of the water mist chamber is sealed by the sealing cap, and the other end forms a water mist inlet.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned fuel cell heat dissipation spray device, each of the U-shaped tubes includes an upstream side plate and a downstream side plate that are distributed opposite to each other along the airflow direction. The two upstream side plates are arranged at intervals along the airflow direction to form the first elongated spray channel, and the two downstream side plates are arranged at intervals along the airflow direction to form the second elongated spray channel.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned fuel cell heat dissipation spray device, the heat dissipation spray unit further includes:

[0014] Multiple first reinforcing ribs are spaced apart along a preset direction, and the two ends of the first reinforcing ribs are respectively connected to the two upstream side plates to divide the first elongated spray channel into multiple first elongated spray holes; the preset direction, the airflow direction, and the up-down direction are perpendicular to each other;

[0015] Multiple second reinforcing ribs are spaced apart along a preset direction, and the two ends of the second reinforcing ribs are respectively connected to the two downstream side plates to divide the second elongated spray channel into multiple second elongated spray holes.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned fuel cell heat dissipation spray device, the outlet direction of the first elongated spray channel is perpendicular to the airflow direction, or is set at an acute angle to the airflow direction;

[0017] The outlet direction of the second elongated spray channel is perpendicular to the airflow direction, or is set at an obtuse angle to the airflow direction.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned fuel cell heat dissipation spray device, the water mist inlet is provided with a flow regulating valve to regulate the flow rate of water mist entering the water mist chamber.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned fuel cell heat dissipation spray device, one of the first radiator and the second radiator is a crossflow radiator and the other is a longitudinal flow radiator.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned fuel cell heat dissipation spray device, the first radiator and the second radiator are arranged in parallel or in series;

[0021] When the first heat sink and the second heat sink are connected in parallel, the heat dissipation assembly further includes a flow distribution unit for distributing flow between the first heat sink and the second heat sink.

[0022] To achieve the above objectives, in a second aspect, the present invention also provides a fuel cell heat dissipation system, comprising the fuel cell heat dissipation spray device described in any of the above embodiments, and:

[0023] A liquid-air heat exchanger having a liquid flow channel and an air flow channel, wherein the inlet of the air flow channel is used to connect to the exhaust port of the fuel cell stack.

[0024] A duct fan is used to deliver the air-water mixture discharged from the outlet of the air channel to the water mist chamber; the inlet of the liquid channel is used to connect to the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack.

[0025] In order to achieve the above objectives, in a third aspect, the present invention also provides a fuel cell including the above-described fuel cell heat dissipation system.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The fuel cell heat dissipation spray device provided by this invention utilizes a first elongated spray channel to spray water mist from top to bottom onto the side of the first radiator opposite to the second radiator, and a second elongated spray channel to spray water mist from top to bottom between the first and second radiators. Because the cooling fan causes air to circulate from the upstream side to the downstream side, the water mist can move along the airflow direction under the influence of the air. Furthermore, the spraying of the water mist also has a turbulent effect on the airflow, ensuring full contact between the water mist, air, and heat dissipation components. The evaporation of the water mist and the airflow carry away the heat from the heat dissipation components, greatly improving the heat dissipation effect. Moreover, since a single water mist chamber simultaneously provides water mist to both the first and second elongated spray channels, the fuel cell heat dissipation spray device has a high degree of integration and occupies little space.

[0027] The fuel cell cooling system and fuel cell provided by this invention allow the high-temperature coolant discharged from the fuel cell stack to enter the cooling component. A cooling fan then air-cools the cooling component, causing the coolant inside to cool down before flowing back into the fuel cell stack to further cool it. If the cooling fan cannot meet the cooling requirements of the cooling component, a portion of the high-temperature coolant discharged from the fuel cell stack can be sent into the liquid flow channel of a liquid-air heat exchanger while the cooling fan is simultaneously cooling the component. The gas-water mixture discharged from the fuel cell stack's exhaust port can also be sent into the air flow channel of the liquid-air heat exchanger. The high-temperature coolant discharged from the fuel cell stack heats the gas-water mixture discharged from the exhaust port. The heated gas-water mixture is then sent by a fan to a cooling spray unit, where it is sprayed onto the surface of the cooling component. This allows the water mist to absorb the heat emitted by the cooling component. Furthermore, the cooling fan enhances airflow around the cooling component, facilitating water mist evaporation and removing heat, thus improving the cooling effect of the cooling component. The gas-water mixture discharged from the fuel cell stack's exhaust port is heated by the high-temperature coolant discharged from the fuel cell stack to form a high-temperature gas-water mixture. The high-temperature gas-water mixture is directly atomized by the heat dissipation spray unit, resulting in a good atomization effect. Moreover, the water mist formed by atomization has a high temperature, which makes it easier for the water mist to evaporate after absorbing heat from the surface of the heat dissipation component, preventing the liquid water mist from accumulating on the surface of the heat dissipation component, thereby improving the cooling effect of the heat dissipation component. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fuel cell heat dissipation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fuel cell heat dissipation spray device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the heat dissipation spray unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the heat dissipation spray unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0034] In the picture:

[0035] 100. Heat dissipation assembly; 101. First heat sink; 102. Second heat sink; 200. Cooling fan;

[0036] 300. Heat dissipation spray unit; 301. Water mist chamber; 302. First elongated spray hole; 303. Second elongated spray hole; 304. First reinforcing rib; 305. Second reinforcing rib; 306. U-shaped tube; 307. Water mist inlet; 308. Upstream side plate; 309. Downstream side plate; 310. Flow regulating valve;

[0037] 400. Liquid-air heat exchanger; 500. Drainage fan; 600. Heat dissipation atomization control valve; 700. Exhaust valve; 800. Coolant control valve; 900. Exhaust atomization pipe; 1000. Fuel cell stack. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0039] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0041] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a fuel cell heat dissipation system and a fuel cell. The fuel cell includes a stack 1000 and a fuel cell heat dissipation system. The fuel cell heat dissipation system is used to dissipate heat from the stack 1000 to ensure that the stack 1000 operates normally.

[0043] The fuel cell cooling system includes a fuel cell cooling spray device, a liquid-air heat exchanger 400, and a duct fan 500. The fuel cell cooling spray device includes a cooling component 100, a cooling fan 200, and a cooling spray unit 300. The medium inlet of the cooling component 100 is connected to the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack 1000, and the medium outlet of the cooling component 100 is connected to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack 1000.

[0044] The heat dissipation assembly 100 has an upstream side and a downstream side arranged opposite to each other along the airflow direction; the cooling fan 200 is used to direct the airflow from the upstream side to the downstream side; the liquid-air heat exchanger 400 has a liquid flow channel and an air flow channel, the inlet of the air flow channel being connected to the exhaust port of the fuel cell stack 1000; the induced draft fan 500 is used to send the air-water mixture discharged from the outlet of the air flow channel to the heat dissipation spray unit 300, whereby the heat dissipation spray unit 300 sprays water mist onto the surface of the heat dissipation assembly 100; the inlet of the liquid flow channel is connected to the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack 1000, and the outlet of the liquid flow channel is connected to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack 1000. It should be noted that the outlet of the liquid flow channel can also be connected to the medium inlet of the heat dissipation assembly 100.

[0045] It should be noted that the heat dissipation component 100 has multiple stacked heat dissipation fins, and an airflow channel is formed between two adjacent heat dissipation fins. The airflow direction in the airflow channel is from the upstream side to the downstream side.

[0046] The high-temperature coolant discharged from the fuel cell stack 1000 enters the heat dissipation component 100 and is cooled by the cooling fan 200. After the coolant in the heat dissipation component 100 is cooled down, it flows back into the fuel cell stack 1000 to cool the fuel cell stack 1000. If the cooling fan 200 cannot meet the heat dissipation requirements of the heat dissipation component 100, while the heat dissipation component 100 is being air-cooled by the cooling fan 200, a portion of the high-temperature coolant discharged from the fuel cell stack 1000 can be sent into the liquid flow channel of the liquid-air heat exchanger 400, and the gas-water mixture discharged from the exhaust port of the fuel cell stack 1000 can be sent into the air flow channel of the liquid-air heat exchanger 400. The high-temperature coolant discharged from the fuel cell stack 1000 can be used to heat up the gas-water mixture discharged from the exhaust port of the fuel cell stack 1000. The heated gas-water mixture is then sent by the induced draft fan 500 to the heat dissipation spray unit 300 and sprayed onto the surface of the heat dissipation component 100 by the heat dissipation spray unit 300. This allows the water mist to absorb the heat emitted by the heat dissipation component 100. In addition, the cooling fan 200 enhances the air circulation around the heat dissipation component 100, which is conducive to the evaporation of water mist and the removal of heat from the heat dissipation component 100, thereby improving the cooling effect of the heat dissipation component 100. The gas-water mixture discharged from the exhaust port of the fuel cell stack 1000 is heated by the high-temperature coolant discharged from the fuel cell stack 1000 to form a high-temperature gas-water mixture. The high-temperature gas-water mixture is directly atomized by the heat dissipation spray unit 300, and the atomization effect is good. Moreover, the water mist formed by atomization is at a high temperature, which makes it easier for the water mist to evaporate after absorbing the heat from the surface of the heat dissipation component 100, preventing the liquid water mist from accumulating on the surface of the heat dissipation component 100, thereby improving the cooling effect of the heat dissipation component 100.

[0047] Since the outlet of the liquid flow channel is connected to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack 1000, the high-temperature coolant discharged from the fuel cell stack 1000 heats the gas-water mixture discharged from the fuel cell stack 1000's exhaust port while simultaneously cooling the high-temperature coolant discharged from the fuel cell stack 1000's exhaust port. Therefore, the coolant heated from the gas-water mixture discharged from the fuel cell stack 1000's exhaust port can be mixed with the coolant cooled by the heat dissipation component 100 and then sent into the fuel cell stack 1000. It should be noted that the outlet of the liquid flow channel can also be connected to the medium inlet of the heat dissipation component 100, meaning the coolant heated from the gas-water mixture discharged from the fuel cell stack 1000's exhaust port, along with other coolant discharged from the fuel cell stack 1000's coolant outlet, can be sent into the heat dissipation component 100 together.

[0048] In some embodiments, the heat dissipation assembly 100 includes a first radiator 101 and a second radiator 102 spaced apart along the airflow direction; the heat dissipation spray unit 300 is provided with a water mist chamber 301, and a first elongated spray channel and a second elongated spray channel both connected to the water mist chamber 301, the water mist chamber 301 being used to connect to the exhaust port of the fuel cell stack 1000; the first elongated spray channel is used to spray water mist from top to bottom onto the side of the first radiator 101 opposite to the second radiator 102, and the second elongated spray channel is used to spray water mist from top to bottom between the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 102.

[0049] The exhaust fan 500 delivers the air-water mixture discharged from the airflow channel outlet into the water mist chamber 301. Water mist is sprayed from top to bottom onto the side of the first radiator 101 opposite to the second radiator 102 via the first elongated spray channel, and from top to bottom onto the area between the first and second radiators 101 via the second elongated spray channel. Because the cooling fan 200 circulates air from upstream to downstream, the water mist moves along the airflow direction under the influence of the air. Furthermore, the spraying of the water mist also turbulents the airflow, ensuring full contact between the water mist, air, and the heat dissipation component 100. The evaporation of the water mist and the airflow carry away the heat from the heat dissipation component 100, significantly improving its heat dissipation effect. Moreover, since one water mist chamber 301 simultaneously provides water mist to both the first and second elongated spray channels, the fuel cell cooling spray device has a high degree of integration and occupies little space.

[0050] In some embodiments, the heat dissipation spray unit 300 includes two U-shaped tubes 306 and a sealing cap. The openings of the U-shaped tubes 306 face downwards, and one U-shaped tube 306 is placed inside the other U-shaped tube 306, forming a water mist chamber 301 between the two U-shaped tubes 306. One end of the water mist chamber 301 is sealed by the sealing cap, and the other end forms a water mist inlet 307. The heat dissipation spray unit 300 with the above structure has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, and easy processing.

[0051] For example, the heat dissipation spray unit 300 is installed on the top of the first radiator 101. Specifically, the top of the first radiator 101 has a fin mounting bracket for mounting heat dissipation fins. The upper end of the fin mounting bracket is inserted from bottom to top into the lower U-shaped tube 306, and the fin mounting bracket and the lower U-shaped tube 306 are connected. This makes reasonable use of the fragmented space on the top of the first radiator 101, resulting in a more rational layout, improving the integration of the fuel cell heat dissipation spray device, reducing the overall space occupied by the fuel cell heat dissipation spray device, and ensuring the stability of the heat dissipation spray unit 300.

[0052] In some embodiments, each U-shaped tube 306 includes an upstream side plate 308 and a downstream side plate 309 distributed opposite to each other along the airflow direction. The two upstream side plates 308 are arranged at intervals along the airflow direction to form a first elongated spray channel, and the two downstream side plates 309 are arranged at intervals along the airflow direction to form a second elongated spray channel. This simplifies the structure of the heat dissipation spray unit 300, reduces the number of components, reduces the space occupied and cost of the heat dissipation spray unit 300, and improves the integration of the fuel cell heat dissipation spray device.

[0053] For example, the gap between the two upstream side plates 308 is less than a preset distance, and the gap between the two downstream side plates 309 is less than a preset distance, such as 3mm, 2.5mm, 2mm, or 1.5mm. By limiting the gap between the two upstream side plates 308 and the distance between the two second gaps, the spray path of the water mist sprayed from the first and second elongated spray channels is ensured, so that the entire heat dissipation assembly 100 can come into contact with the water mist, thereby improving the cooling effect of the heat dissipation assembly 100. It should be noted that the preset distance is a known value determined through repeated experiments. Different sizes and types of heat sinks use different preset distances, and the specific value of the preset distance is not specified here.

[0054] In some embodiments, the heat dissipation spray unit 300 further includes a plurality of first reinforcing ribs 304 and a plurality of second reinforcing ribs 305. The plurality of first reinforcing ribs 304 are spaced apart along a preset direction, and the two ends of the first reinforcing ribs 304 are respectively connected to two upstream side plates 308 to divide the first elongated spray channel into a plurality of first elongated spray holes 302. The plurality of second reinforcing ribs 305 are spaced apart along a preset direction, and the two ends of the second reinforcing ribs 305 are respectively connected to two downstream side plates 309 to divide the second elongated spray channel into a plurality of second elongated spray holes 303. The preset direction, the airflow direction, and the up-down direction are all perpendicular to each other.

[0055] By setting the first reinforcing rib plate 304 and the second reinforcing rib plate 305, the gap between the two upstream side plates 308 and the two downstream side plates 309 can be kept stable, thus ensuring the stability of the spray range of the water mist sprayed by the first and second elongated spray channels.

[0056] It should be noted that the number of the first reinforcing ribs 304 determines the length of the first long spray channel, and the number of the second reinforcing ribs 305 determines the length of the second long spray channel. Both can be determined according to the size and model of the radiator, and will not be specifically limited here.

[0057] In some embodiments, the outlet direction of the first elongated spray channel is perpendicular to the airflow direction, and the outlet direction of the second elongated spray channel is perpendicular to the airflow direction, so that the water mist sprayed from the first elongated spray channel can contact the surface of the second radiator 102 as much as possible, and the water mist sprayed from the second elongated spray channel can contact the surface of the first radiator 101 as much as possible. It also facilitates the movement of the water mist along the airflow direction under the influence of the air, so that the water mist, air and heat dissipation component 100 can fully contact each other, thereby improving the cooling effect on the heat dissipation component 100.

[0058] It should be noted that the outlet direction of the first elongated spray channel can also be set at an acute angle to the airflow direction. This allows the water mist sprayed into the gap between the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 102 to not only contact the surface of the first radiator 101 but also flow towards the second radiator 102 under the influence of airflow. This facilitates the water mist absorbing sufficient heat before evaporating and carrying away heat from the surface of the heat dissipation component 100, thus improving the utilization rate of the water mist. Alternatively, the outlet direction of the first elongated spray channel can be set at an obtuse angle to the airflow direction, allowing the water mist time to descend to the lower part of the first radiator 101, improving the cooling effect on the lower part of the first radiator 101. As for the angles between the outlet direction of the second elongated spray channel and the airflow direction, as well as the angles between the outlet direction of the first elongated spray channel and the airflow direction, these can be determined based on actual needs such as the size and model of the radiator, and are not specifically limited here.

[0059] In some embodiments, the water mist inlet 307 is provided with a flow regulating valve 310 for regulating the flow rate of water mist entering the water mist chamber 301. The flow rate of water mist entering the water mist chamber 301 can be adjusted according to the speed of the cooling fan 200 and the temperature of the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack 1000 to meet the cooling requirements of the heat dissipation component 100.

[0060] In some embodiments, one of the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 102 is a crossflow radiator, and the other is a longitudinal flow radiator. Exemplarily, the crossflow radiator is located upstream of the longitudinal flow radiator along the airflow direction. This design prevents the first radiator 101 from blocking the second radiator 102, improving the heat dissipation effect of air and water mist on the second radiator 102. In other embodiments, both the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 102 may be crossflow radiators, or both may be longitudinal flow radiators, but it is necessary to ensure that the airflow channels of the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 102 are staggered to avoid the first radiator 101 blocking the second radiator 102.

[0061] It should be noted that the heat dissipation fins of a crossflow radiator are arranged horizontally, while the heat dissipation fins of a longitudinal flow radiator are arranged vertically.

[0062] In some embodiments, the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 102 are connected in parallel. Specifically, along the airflow direction, the inlet of the first radiator 101 and the inlet of the second radiator 102 merge to form the medium inlet of the heat dissipation assembly 100, and the outlet of the first radiator 101 and the outlet of the second radiator 102 merge to form the medium outlet of the heat dissipation assembly 100.

[0063] Optionally, when the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 102 are connected in parallel, the heat dissipation assembly 100 further includes a flow distribution unit for distributing the flow between the two heat dissipation units to meet heat dissipation requirements. Specifically, the flow distribution unit can be a flow regulating valve 310. For example, a flow regulating valve 310 can be installed at the inlet of one of the radiators 101 and 102. When the total flow is determined, adjusting the opening of the flow regulating valve 310 can distribute the flow entering the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 102 respectively. It should be noted that the flow distribution unit is not limited to using a flow regulating valve 310; throttling structures or similar devices can also be installed in the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 102 to achieve a fixed-rate distribution of the flow entering the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 102.

[0064] In some other embodiments, the first radiator 101 and the second radiator 102 may be connected in series. Specifically, along the airflow direction, the outlet of the upstream radiator and the inlet of the downstream radiator are connected, the inlet of the upstream radiator forms the medium inlet of the heat dissipation assembly 100, and the outlet of the downstream radiator forms the heat dissipation medium outlet.

[0065] In some embodiments, the fuel cell cooling system further includes an exhaust pipe and an exhaust recirculation control valve assembly, the exhaust recirculation control valve assembly being able to control the outlet of the airflow channel to selectively connect with the exhaust pipe or with the inlet of the cooling spray unit 300.

[0066] When the cooling fan 200 cannot meet the cooling requirements of the radiator, the outlet of the airflow channel can be connected to the inlet of the cooling spray unit 300 through the exhaust return control valve group. When the cooling fan 200 can meet the cooling requirements of the radiator, the outlet of the airflow channel can be connected to the exhaust pipe through the exhaust return control valve group, thereby directly discharging the air-water mixture drained from the exhaust port of the fuel cell stack 1000 into the atmosphere or using it for other purposes.

[0067] Specifically, the exhaust recirculation control valve assembly includes a heat dissipation atomization control valve 600 and an exhaust valve 700. The heat dissipation atomization control valve 600 is located between the outlet of the induced draft fan 500 and the water mist inlet 307 of the water mist chamber 301. The inlet of the exhaust valve 700 is connected between the inlet of the induced draft fan 500 and the outlet of the airflow channel, and the outlet of the exhaust valve 700 is connected to the outside atmosphere. For example, both the heat dissipation atomization control valve 600 and the exhaust valve 700 are solenoid valves. When it is necessary to spray water mist onto the heat dissipation component 100, the heat dissipation atomization control valve 600 can be opened and the exhaust valve 700 closed; when it is not necessary to spray water mist onto the heat dissipation component 100, the heat dissipation atomization control valve 600 can be closed and the exhaust valve 700 opened.

[0068] It should be noted that the exhaust return control valve assembly can also directly use a three-way valve. The inlet of the three-way valve is connected to the outlet of the air flow channel, one outlet of the three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan 500, and the other outlet of the three-way valve is connected to the outside atmosphere. It should also be specifically pointed out that the heat dissipation atomization control valve 600 and the flow regulating valve 310 located at the water mist inlet 307 can be the same valve or different valves. If they are different valves, the heat dissipation atomization control valve 600 can be located upstream of the flow regulating valve 310 along the water mist flow direction.

[0069] In some embodiments, the fuel cell cooling system further includes a coolant control valve 800, which is located at the inlet of the liquid flow channel and is a flow regulating valve 310.

[0070] When the coolant temperature at the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack 1000 is too high, the coolant control valve 800 can be opened to send part of the coolant discharged from the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack 1000 into the liquid-air heat exchanger 400 to raise the temperature of the gas-water mixture discharged from the fuel cell stack 1000, thereby increasing the temperature of the water mist formed by atomization. This makes it easier for the water mist to evaporate after absorbing heat from the radiator surface, thus improving the cooling effect of the radiator.

[0071] Experiments revealed that heat dissipation gradually increased with increasing spray water temperature. By using a flow regulating valve 310 instead of a coolant control valve 800, the flow rate of coolant entering the liquid channel can be controlled. The higher the coolant temperature at the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack 1000, the greater the flow rate of coolant delivered to the liquid channel. This improves heat dissipation by increasing the temperature of the water mist sprayed onto the radiator surface.

[0072] In some embodiments, the fuel cell cooling system further includes an exhaust atomizing pipe 900. One end of the exhaust atomizing pipe 900 is connected to the inlet of the cooling spray unit 300, and the other end is used to connect to the exhaust port of the fuel cell stack 1000. An airflow channel and a duct fan 500 are both located on the exhaust atomizing pipe 900. The exhaust atomizing pipe 900 is an insulated pipe. Using a plastic pipe for the exhaust atomizing pipe 900 provides insulation, reducing heat diffusion into the surrounding air through the exhaust pipe itself, and also preventing condensation of water vapor in the gas-water mixture. Exemplarily, the exhaust atomizing pipe 900 is a plastic pipe. It should be noted that the exhaust atomizing pipe 900 can also be made of other insulation materials or have an insulation layer installed on its inner or outer wall.

[0073] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a fuel cell assembly, including the above-described fuel cell heat dissipation system. This fuel cell assembly has the same technical effects as the above-described fuel cell heat dissipation spray device and fuel cell heat dissipation system, and will not be repeated here.

[0074] Furthermore, the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fuel cell heat dissipation spraying device, characterized by, include: A heat dissipation assembly (100) has an upstream side and a downstream side disposed opposite to each other along the airflow direction; the heat dissipation assembly (100) includes a first radiator (101) and a second radiator (102) spaced apart along the airflow direction. A cooling fan (200) is used to direct airflow from the upstream side to the downstream side; A heat dissipation spray unit (300) is provided with a water mist chamber (301), and a first elongated spray channel and a second elongated spray channel, both of which are connected to the water mist chamber (301). The water mist chamber (301) is used to connect to the exhaust port of the fuel cell stack (1000). The first elongated spray channel is used to spray water mist from top to bottom onto the side of the first radiator (101) facing away from the second radiator (102). The second elongated spray channel is used to spray water mist from top to bottom between the first radiator (101) and the second radiator (102). The heat dissipation spray unit (300) includes two U-shaped tubes (306) and a sealing cap. The opening of the U-shaped tubes (306) faces downward and one of the U-shaped tubes (306) is placed inside the other U-shaped tube (306), so that the water mist chamber (301) is formed between the two U-shaped tubes (306). One end of the water mist chamber (301) is sealed by the sealing cap, and the other end forms a water mist inlet (307).

2. The fuel cell heat removal spray device of claim 1, wherein, Each of the U-shaped tubes (306) includes an upstream side plate (308) and a downstream side plate (309) that are distributed opposite to each other along the airflow direction. The two upstream side plates (308) are arranged at intervals along the airflow direction to form the first elongated spray channel, and the two downstream side plates (309) are arranged at intervals along the airflow direction to form the second elongated spray channel.

3. The fuel cell heat dissipation spray device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heat dissipation spray unit (300) also includes: Multiple first reinforcing ribs (304) are spaced apart along a preset direction and the two ends of the first reinforcing ribs (304) are respectively connected to the two upstream side plates (308) to divide the first elongated spray channel into multiple first elongated spray holes (302); the preset direction, the airflow direction and the up and down direction are perpendicular to each other; Multiple second reinforcing ribs (305) are spaced apart along a preset direction and the two ends of the second reinforcing ribs (305) are respectively connected to the two downstream side plates (309) to divide the second elongated spray channel into multiple second elongated spray holes (303).

4. The fuel cell heat dissipation spray device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outlet direction of the first elongated spray channel is perpendicular to the airflow direction, or is set at an acute angle to the airflow direction; The outlet direction of the second elongated spray channel is perpendicular to the airflow direction, or is set at an obtuse angle to the airflow direction.

5. The fuel cell heat dissipation spray device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water mist inlet (307) is equipped with a flow regulating valve (310) for regulating the flow rate of water mist entering the water mist chamber (301).

6. The fuel cell heat dissipation spray device according to claim 1, characterized in that, One of the first radiator (101) and the second radiator (102) is a crossflow radiator and the other is a longitudinal flow radiator.

7. The fuel cell heat dissipation spray device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first radiator (101) and the second radiator (102) are connected in parallel or in series; When the first radiator (101) and the second radiator (102) are connected in parallel, the heat dissipation assembly (100) further includes a flow distribution unit for distributing the flow between the first radiator (101) and the second radiator (102).

8. A fuel cell cooling system, characterized in that, Includes the fuel cell heat dissipation spray device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and: A liquid-air heat exchanger (400) has a liquid flow channel and an air flow channel, the inlet of which is used to connect to the exhaust port of the fuel cell stack (1000); A duct fan (500) is used to deliver the air-water mixture discharged from the outlet of the air channel to the water mist chamber (301); the inlet of the liquid channel is used to connect to the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack (1000).

9. A fuel cell assembly, characterized in that, Includes the fuel cell cooling system as described in claim 8.

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