A multi-pass single tooth surface grinding process for large-scale profiled gear grinding

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-size profiled gear multi-pass single-side grinding process method. Aiming at the problems of long contact line, large instantaneous grinding area, slow cooling of contact area and the like of large-size gears, the grinding method provided by the invention is used to reduce the excessive contact line span during the grinding process and accelerate the cooling of the contact area. The main method is to increase the tangential feed pass of the tooth surface on the basis of the tooth surface normal feed pass in single tooth surface grinding, and propose three single tooth surface grinding process methods, thereby solving the problem of long contact line span between the gear and the grinding wheel and gear grinding burn caused by cooling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular to a multi-pass single tooth surface grinding process method for large-size forming gear grinding. Background Art

[0002] Aiming at the problems of long contact line, large instantaneous grinding area and slow cooling of contact area of ​​large-sized gears, a large-sized profile gear multi-pass single-sided grinding process method is proposed to reduce the excessive contact line span during grinding and accelerate the cooling of the contact area. The main method is to increase the tangential feed pass of the tooth surface on the basis of the previous normal feed pass of the tooth surface by single tooth surface grinding. Three single tooth surface grinding process methods are proposed to solve the problem of long contact line span between gear and grinding wheel and gear grinding burn caused by cooling. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a large-scale profile gear grinding multi-pass single tooth surface grinding process method to solve the problem proposed in the above background technology of adding tooth surface tangential feed pass on the basis of single tooth surface grinding with only normal feed pass on the tooth surface in the past, and proposing three single tooth surface grinding process methods, thereby solving the problem of long span of the contact line between the gear and the grinding wheel and gear grinding burn caused by cooling.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a large-scale profiled gear grinding multi-pass single tooth surface grinding process method, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1: The existing gear grinding feed process is to feed along the normal direction of the gear, so as to grind the entire tooth surface. The gear grinding feed process is now divided into two directions, the normal direction of the tooth surface and the tangential direction of the tooth surface.

[0006] S2: The number of tangential passes on the tooth surface is a small cycle. According to the set number of tangential passes on the tooth surface, the length of the tooth profile to be ground is divided into segments, where the number of segments is equal to the number of passes. The length of each pass grinding can be allocated as required. When the small cycle of tangential passes on the tooth surface is completed, the number of normal passes on the tooth surface is equivalent to one pass, and the number of normal passes on the tooth surface is a large cycle. When the number of normal passes on the tooth surface ends, it is equivalent to the completion of this grinding process.

[0007] S3: Based on steps S2 and S3, both the normal cutting and the tangential cutting of the tooth surface adopt single tooth surface grinding, and there are two ways of single tooth surface grinding according to the different movement of its axis.

[0008] S3.1: Offset distance: The grinding wheel moves on its Y axis, while the C-axis tooth groove axis is parallel to the X-axis direction of the machine tool and does not change. The parallel distance between the grinding wheel axis on the Y axis and the C-axis tooth groove axis to be ground is the offset distance. In double-sided grinding, the offset distance is theoretically 0.

[0009] S3.2: Torsion angle: The grinding wheel does not move on its Y axis, while the C-axis tooth groove axis to be ground moves and changes. The angle between the C-axis tooth groove axis to be ground and the grinding wheel axis in the X direction is the torsion angle. Theoretically, the torsion angle is 0 in double-sided grinding.

[0010] S4: When performing single-sided grinding, the following grinding methods can be selected according to the actual needs.

[0011] S4.1: In the tangential cutting of the same tooth surface, one side of the tooth surface is ground first, and then the other side is ground by twisting the angle or offset distance. At this time, the twisting angle or offset distance is the same in size and the direction is opposite.

[0012] S4.2: In the normal pass of the same tooth surface, one side of the tooth surface is ground first, and after the tangential pass of the tooth surface is completed in the normal pass of this tooth surface, the other side of the same tooth surface is ground. When the tangential pass of different tooth directions is performed, the torsion angle or offset distance is also different.

[0013] S4.3: Grind the tooth surface on one side first, and then grind the tooth surface on the other side after the normal allowance of the tooth surface is ground.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The large-size profile gear grinding multi-pass single tooth surface grinding process method proposed in the present invention is aimed at the grinding of large-size gears and can effectively reduce the contact line span during the gear grinding process, reduce the contact area, and reduce the probability of grinding burns. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the multi-pass single tooth surface grinding process for large-size profile gear grinding;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of multi-pass feeding for large-size profile gear grinding;

[0018] Figure 3 This is the distribution diagram of grinding allowance for large-size profile gear grinding with multiple passes;

[0019] Figure 4 Coordinate representation of theoretical profiles in gears and grinding wheels;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the grinding offset distance of a single tooth surface;

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the torsion angle of single tooth surface grinding;

[0022] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the tangential cutting process on the same tooth surface of the profile grinding;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the normal cutting process on the same tooth surface of the profile grinding;

[0024] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the process of completely grinding the tooth surface on one side for form grinding. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] A large-scale profiled gear grinding multi-pass single tooth surface grinding process method, the flow chart is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0027] S1: The existing gear grinding feeding process is to feed along the normal direction of the gear, so as to grind the entire tooth surface. The gear grinding feeding process is now divided into two directions, the normal direction of the tooth surface and the tangential direction of the tooth surface, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0028] S2: The number of tangential passes on the tooth surface is a small cycle. According to the set number of tangential passes on the tooth surface, the length of the tooth profile to be ground is segmented, where the number of segments is equal to the number of passes. The length of each pass grinding can be allocated according to demand. When the small cycle of tangential passes on the tooth surface is completed, the number of normal passes on the tooth surface is equivalent to one pass. The number of normal passes on the tooth surface is a large cycle. When the number of normal passes on the tooth surface ends, it is equivalent to the completion of this grinding process. According to the single tooth surface allowance, set the pass, such as Figure 3 As shown, the normal pass of the tooth surface is 4 feeds, the tangential pass of the tooth surface is 3 feeds, and the total pass is 12 feeds.

[0029] S3: Based on steps S2 and S3, both the normal cutting and the tangential cutting of the tooth surface adopt single tooth surface grinding, wherein the single tooth surface grinding has two modes according to the different movements of its axis;

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, the equation of the tooth profile involute ef is:

[0031]

[0032] Among them; r b is the base circle radius;

[0033] When the theoretical grinding wheel is meshing with the gear, the axial distance between the grinding wheel center and the gear center is l, and the profile equation of the corresponding gear ef of the grinding wheel in the grinding wheel coordinate system is:

[0034]

[0035] S3.1: Offset distance: The grinding wheel moves on its Y axis, while the C-axis tooth groove axis is parallel to the X-axis direction of the machine tool and does not change. The parallel distance between the grinding wheel axis on the Y axis and the C-axis tooth groove axis to be ground is the offset distance, such as Figure 5 As shown, the offset distance is d. In double-sided grinding, the offset distance d is theoretically 0. Then, when the offset distance is d, the profile equation of the corresponding gear ef in the grinding wheel coordinate system is:

[0036]

[0037] S3.2: Torsion angle: The grinding wheel does not move on its Y axis, while the C-axis tooth groove axis to be ground moves. The angle between the C-axis tooth groove axis to be ground and the grinding wheel axis in the X direction is the torsion angle, such as Figure 6 As shown, the torsion angle is δ. In double-sided grinding, the torsion angle δ is theoretically 0. Then, when the torsion angle is δ, the profile equation of the corresponding gear ef in the grinding wheel coordinate system is:

[0038]

[0039] S4: When performing single-sided grinding, the following grinding methods can be selected according to the actual needs.

[0040] S4.1: In the tangential cutting of the same tooth surface, one side of the tooth surface is ground first, and then the other side is ground by twisting the angle or offset distance. At this time, the twisting angle or offset distance is the same in magnitude and opposite in direction, such as Figure 7 shown.

[0041] S4.2: In the normal pass of the same tooth surface, one side of the tooth surface is ground first, and after the tangential pass of the tooth surface is completed in the normal pass of this tooth surface, the other side of the same tooth surface is ground. When the tangential pass of different tooth directions is performed, the torsion angle or offset distance is also different, such as Figure 8 shown.

[0042] S4.3: Grind the tooth surface on one side first, and then grind the tooth surface on the other side after the normal allowance of the tooth surface is ground. Fig. 9 shown.

[0043] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Without departing from the novel spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A large-scale profile gear grinding multi-pass single tooth surface grinding process method, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Change the tooth surface normal feed currently used in the market to the tooth surface normal feed and tooth surface tangential feed process; S2: The number of tangential passes on the tooth surface is a small cycle, and the number of normal passes on the tooth surface is a large cycle. When the number of normal passes on the tooth surface ends, the grinding process is completed. S3: Based on step S2, when performing tooth surface grinding feeding, single tooth surface grinding feeding is performed; S3: Based on steps S2 and S3, both the normal cutting and the tangential cutting of the tooth surface adopt single tooth surface grinding, wherein the single tooth surface grinding has two modes according to the different movements of its axis; The equation of the tooth profile involute ef is: in; r b is the base circle radius; When the theoretical grinding wheel is meshing with the gear, the axial distance between the grinding wheel center and the gear center is l, and the profile equation of the corresponding gear ef of the grinding wheel in the grinding wheel coordinate system is: S3.1: Offset distance: The grinding wheel moves on its Y axis, while the C-axis tooth groove axis is parallel to the X-axis direction of the machine tool and does not change; the parallel distance between the grinding wheel axis on the Y axis and the C-axis tooth groove axis to be ground is the offset distance, and the offset distance is d. In double-sided grinding, the offset distance d is theoretically 0. When the offset distance is d, the profile equation of the corresponding gear ef in the grinding wheel coordinate system is: S3.2: Torsion angle: The grinding wheel does not move on its Y axis, while the C-axis tooth groove axis to be ground moves and changes; the angle between the C-axis tooth groove axis to be ground and the grinding wheel axis in the X direction is the torsion angle, and the torsion angle is δ. In double-sided grinding, the torsion angle δ is theoretically 0. When the torsion angle is δ, the profile equation of the corresponding gear ef of the grinding wheel in the grinding wheel coordinate system is: S4: Based on step S2, different process methods are provided according to the different order of the tangential feed and normal feed of the tooth surface for grinding the left and right tooth surfaces; the step S2 divides the length of the tooth profile to be ground into segments according to the set number of tangential feeds of the tooth surface, wherein the number of segments is equal to the number of feeds, and the length of each feed grinding can be allocated as required; when the step S2 performs the tangential feed of the tooth surface, the grinding wheel is trimmed after each pass until the profile of the next grinding is trimmed, and then the next pass is performed. When the last pass in the tangential feed cycle of the tooth profile is performed, the profile of the grinding wheel at this time is the target profile of the gear, and this is repeated until a grinding process is completed; when the step S3 performs single tooth surface grinding, it is divided into two modes according to the different movements of the C and Y axes: torsion angle and offset distance, and the offset distance is that the grinding wheel moves on its Y axis, and the C-axis tooth groove axis is parallel to the X-axis direction of the machine tool and does not change, wherein the grinding wheel axis on the Y axis The parallel distance between the C-axis tooth groove to be ground and the axis to be ground is the offset distance. In double-sided grinding, the offset distance is theoretically 0. The torsion angle is: the grinding wheel does not move on its Y axis, while the axis of the C-axis tooth groove to be ground moves and changes, wherein the angle between the axis of the C-axis tooth groove to be ground and the axis of the grinding wheel in the X direction is the torsion angle. In double-sided grinding, the torsion angle is theoretically 0. The grinding process method of step S4: tangential cutting on the same tooth surface, normal cutting on the same tooth surface, and complete cutting on one side of the tooth surface Grind the other side; the tangential cutting on the tooth surface on the same side means that the tangential cutting is performed on the tooth surface on one side first, and then the tooth surface on the other side is ground by twisting the angle or offsetting the distance; the normal cutting on the same tooth surface means that the tangential cutting is performed on the tooth surface on one side first, that is, all the cutting cutting in the normal cutting of the tooth surface on one side is completed first, and then the tooth surface on the other side is ground; the complete grinding of the tooth surface on one side first means that the tooth surface on one side is completely ground first, and then the allowance is set after grinding, and then the tooth surface on the other side is ground.

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