A composite antenna

Abstract

This invention provides a composite antenna, comprising: multiple antennas stacked sequentially from top to bottom according to their operating frequencies from low to high; the multiple antennas include a first antenna group located at the top and a second antenna group located at the bottom; the first antenna group and the second antenna group are electrically connected to a base; each antenna group includes a radiator, a support member carrying the radiator, a feed board electrically connected to the radiator, and a choke device; each antenna in the second antenna group shares a second radiator and also shares a first radiator of the first antenna group. By having each antenna in the second antenna group share a second radiator and the second antenna group share a first radiator of the first antenna group, the size of the composite antenna can be reduced, thereby achieving miniaturization of the composite antenna. The choke device reduces mutual interference between adjacent antennas, integrating each antenna onto the composite antenna, thereby achieving multifunctionality of the composite antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a composite antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of wireless communication technology and communication equipment, communication needs now require meeting the demands of multiple frequency bands and multi-functionality.

[0003] At present, antennas have the disadvantages of being simple, having few functions, and being large in size. If the needs of multi-functional wireless communication are to be met, multiple antennas are required, which will result in a large space occupied by the antennas.

[0004] In summary, miniaturizing antennas while ensuring their multifunctionality is a problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a composite antenna to solve the problem of large space occupied by antennas in the prior art due to the use of multiple antennas to achieve multifunctional wireless communication.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a composite antenna, comprising: a plurality of antennas stacked sequentially from top to bottom according to their operating frequencies from low to high; the plurality of antennas includes a first antenna group located at the top and a second antenna group located at the bottom; the first antenna group and the second antenna group are respectively electrically connected to a base; each antenna group includes a radiator, a support member carrying the radiator, a feed board electrically connected to the radiator, and a choke device; each antenna in the second antenna group shares a second radiator and shares a first radiator of the first antenna group.

[0007] In the above technical solution, by having each antenna in the second antenna group share a second radiator, and the second antenna group share a first radiator of the first antenna group, the size of the composite antenna can be reduced, thereby achieving miniaturization of the composite antenna. By using a choke device to reduce mutual interference between adjacent antennas, and integrating each antenna onto the composite antenna, the multifunctionality of the composite antenna can be achieved.

[0008] Optionally, the first antenna group includes a telemetry antenna and a data transmission antenna; the second antenna group includes an AIS antenna and a VHF / UHF antenna.

[0009] Optionally, the antenna is located at the top of the composite antenna; the support of the antenna is a cone; the radiator of the antenna is a plurality of spiral radiating arms; and the choke of the antenna is located at the lower end of the feed plate of the antenna.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the antenna is located at the top of the composite antenna, which enables the antenna to have better radiation performance. The choke not only supports the antenna but also reduces mutual interference between the antenna and the data transmission antenna. By arranging multiple helical radiating arms on the radiator of the antenna, the antenna can achieve high gain and good axis ratio.

[0011] Optionally, the data transmission antenna adopts an array of cross-arranged radiating arms, and each radiating arm adopts a parallel feeding method. A corresponding choke device is provided at the lower end of the data transmission antenna.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the data transmission antenna adopts an array-like arrangement of radiating arms, with each radiating arm using a parallel feeding method. This results in better performance, wider bandwidth, and more stable antenna structure. The choke device is used to reduce the impact on other antennas.

[0013] Optionally, each radiating arm of the data transmission antenna includes a first upper radiating arm, a first lower radiating arm, a second lower radiating arm, and a second upper radiating arm arranged sequentially from top to bottom; a choke sleeve is provided between the first lower radiating arm and the second lower radiating arm.

[0014] Optionally, the support shared by the AIS antenna and the VHF / UHF antenna is a column; the second radiator shared by the AIS antenna and the VHF / UHF antenna is uniformly wound on the column; the feed line of the antenna and the feed line of the data transmission antenna pass through the column and are electrically connected to the base.

[0015] Optionally, it also includes a Beidou One-Line Communication Antenna disposed between the first antenna group and the second antenna group; the Beidou One-Line Communication Antenna adopts a low-profile microstrip antenna; the Beidou One-Line Communication Antenna includes a third radiator with multiple stacked structures; wherein, multiple raised square patches are evenly distributed on the edge of the third radiator.

[0016] Optionally, an active circuit is provided on the side of the feed board of the Beidou One-Line Antenna that is close to the second antenna group; the second radiator is connected to the feed board of the Beidou One-Line Antenna.

[0017] Optionally, it also includes a 5G antenna mounted on the base; the third upper radiating arm of the 5G antenna includes at least one slot; the third lower radiating arm is embedded in the slot.

[0018] Optionally, it also includes a WIFI antenna arranged side-by-side and cross-shaped on the base with the 5G antenna; the WIFI module adopts the form of a short-circuit stub. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a composite antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a Tiantong antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a data transmission antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an AIS antenna and a VHF / UHF antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a 5G antenna is provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a RISC-V AND instruction structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a WIFI antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a composite antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0029] like Figure 1The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a composite antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. The composite antenna 100 includes multiple antennas stacked sequentially from top to bottom according to their operating frequencies, from low to high. The multiple antennas include a first antenna group 110 located at the top and a second antenna group 120 located at the bottom. The first antenna group 110 and the second antenna group 120 are electrically connected to a base 130. Each antenna group includes a radiator, a support member carrying the radiator, a feed board electrically connected to the radiator, and a choke device. It should be noted that the structure of each antenna group is not shown in the diagram. Figure 1 This is shown in the image. Each antenna in the second antenna group 120 shares a second radiator and also shares a first radiator of the first antenna group 110.

[0030] In this embodiment of the invention, by having each antenna in the second antenna group 120 share a second radiator, and by having the second antenna group 120 share a first radiator of the first antenna group 110, the size of the composite antenna 100 can be reduced, thereby achieving miniaturization of the composite antenna 100. By using a choke device to reduce mutual interference between adjacent antennas, and by integrating each antenna onto the composite antenna 100, the multifunctionality of the composite antenna 100 is achieved.

[0031] To better illustrate this scheme, the first antenna group located at the top and the second antenna group located at the bottom of the composite antenna will be described below. First, let's introduce the first antenna group, which, from top to bottom, includes the antenna for communication and the data transmission antenna.

[0032] like Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a sky-connecting antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. The sky-connecting antenna 200 includes a support member 210, a radiator 220, a choke device 230, a feed plate 240, and a feed point 250. Since the sky-connecting antenna is a circularly polarized antenna located at the top of the composite antenna, it achieves good radiation performance. The support member 210 of the sky-connecting antenna 200 is a cone, and the radiator 220 consists of multiple helical radiator arms, namely 201, 202, 203, and 204. The amplitudes of 201, 202, 203, and 204 are consistent, and the phase difference between adjacent helical radiator arms is 90 degrees. The multiple helical radiator arms are disposed on the support member 210, thereby enabling the sky-connecting antenna to have high gain and good axis alignment. The support member 210 can be made of polyester film or other materials, which are not limited here. The feed plate 230 is connected to the support member 210. The connection method can be that the support member 210 is welded onto the feed plate 230, or other connection methods are used, which are not limited here. A phase shifter is welded onto the feed plate 230. Figure 2It is not shown in the image. The choke device 240 is located at the lower end of the feed board 230 of the antenna. The material of the choke device 240 can be metal or other materials, which is not limited here. The choke device 240 not only supports the antenna, but also reduces the mutual interference between the antenna and the data transmission antenna.

[0033] like Figure 3 The diagram shows a data transmission antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. The data transmission antenna 300 includes a choke sleeve 310, a metal tube 320, a choke device 330, and a first upper radiating arm 340, a first lower radiating arm 350, a second lower radiating arm 360, a second upper radiating arm 370, and a feed point 380 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The data transmission antenna adopts an array-like arrangement of radiating arms with a parallel feeding method, thereby achieving better performance, wider bandwidth, and more stable structure. The choke sleeve 310 is located between the first lower radiating arm 350 and the second lower radiating arm 360, and its function is to reduce the mutual influence between the radiating arms. The metal tube 320 can be made of copper, aluminum, or other metal materials, which are not limited here. The function of the metal tube 320 is to allow the feed lines of the antenna and the data transmission antenna to pass through, and to reduce the influence of the feed lines on the data transmission antenna itself. The function of the choke device 330 is to reduce the influence on other antennas, wherein 330 is located at... Figure 3 It is not displayed in the image.

[0034] The second-day antenna assembly is described below. It includes the AIS antenna and the VHF / UHF antenna.

[0035] like Figure 4 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of an AIS antenna and a VHF / UHF antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. The AIS antenna 400 includes a feed plate 410, a second radiator 420, and a support member 430. The second radiator 420 and the support member 430 are shared by the AIS antenna 400 and the VHF / UHF antenna 500. The VHF / UHF antenna 500 includes a feed plate 510, a second radiator 420, and a support member 430. A choke device 520 is located between the feed plate 410 and the feed plate 510. Both the AIS antenna and the VHF / UHF antenna adopt a monopole loading form, and by coupling the shared first and second radiators, the size of the composite antenna is reduced. The first radiator includes a radiator 220, a first upper radiating arm 340, a first lower radiating arm 350, a second lower radiating arm 360, and a second upper radiating arm 370. The structure of the first radiator can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 3The support member 430 shared by the AIS antenna 400 and the VHF / UHF antenna 500 is a column. The material of the support member 430 can be polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or other materials, which are not limited here. The second radiator 420 shared by the AIS antenna 400 and the VHF / UHF antenna 500 is uniformly wound around the column 430, which can lengthen the radiation length and thus improve the radiation gain. The choke device 520 functions to choke the current and stabilize the performance of the AIS antenna and the VHF / UHF antenna. The feed lines of the antenna and the data transmission antenna pass through the column 430 and are electrically connected to the base.

[0036] Composite antennas also include the BeiDou One-Line-Pass antenna, which is set between the first antenna group and the second antenna group.

[0037] like Figure 5 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a BeiDou one-line communication antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The BeiDou one-line communication antenna 600 includes multiple stacked third radiators 610, a feed board 620, and an active circuit 630 (not shown in the diagram). Figure 5 (shown in the image), antenna passive board 640, screw hole 650, feed point 660, feed cable hole 670 and antenna cover 680 (not shown in the image). Figure 5 (As shown in the image). The passive antenna board 640 includes 641, 642, and 643. The Beidou One-Line Communication Antenna 600 adopts a low-profile microstrip antenna, thereby achieving good low-elevation gain, simple structure, low cost, and light weight. The Beidou One-Line Communication Antenna 600 uses a 4-point uniform symmetrical feeding method, with signals having phases of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° in sequence to ensure the stability of the phase center and right-hand circularly polarized waves. The Beidou One-Line Communication Antenna 600 includes multiple stacked third radiators 610. The frequency bands from bottom to top are B2b / B3, B1, L, and S. By uniformly setting multiple raised square patches on the edge of the third radiator 610, the efficiency, beamwidth, and bandwidth of the Beidou One-Line Communication Antenna are improved, which also helps to improve the antenna axis ratio of the Beidou One-Line Communication Antenna. The feed hole 670 is used for the feed line to pass through the antenna and the data transmission antenna. The radome 680 is located above the passive antenna board 640, and its function is to support the Tiantong antenna and the data transmission antenna. An active circuit 630 is installed on the side of the feed board 620 of the Beidou One-Line Antenna near the second antenna group, which enables the Beidou One-Line Antenna to be used as an active antenna. The second radiator 420 is connected to the feed board 620 of the Beidou One-Line Antenna, and its function is to provide top loading for the AIS antenna and VHF / UHF antenna.

[0038] The composite antenna also includes a 5G antenna, which is mounted on the base.

[0039] like Figure 6 The diagram shows a schematic of a 5G antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. The 5G antenna 700 includes a dielectric substrate 710, a third upper radiating arm 720, a third lower radiating arm 730, and a feed point 740. The 5G antenna adopts a microstrip board open-pack loading method, which can reduce the size of the composite antenna and thus achieve miniaturization. The dielectric substrate 710 can be made of Fr-4, f4bm, or other materials, which are not limited here. The third upper radiating arm 720 of the 5G antenna includes at least one slot, thereby increasing the radiation length. The third lower radiating arm 730 is embedded within the slot.

[0040] like Figure 7 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a WIFI antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The WIFI antenna and the 5G antenna are arranged side-by-side and intersecting on the base. The WIFI antenna 800 includes a dielectric substrate 810, a fourth radiating arm 820, a feed point 830, and a short-circuit stub 840. The WIFI antenna adopts the form of a short-circuit stub, which reduces the size of the WIFI antenna, thereby enabling miniaturization of the composite antenna.

[0041] like Figure 8 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a composite antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The composite antenna includes multiple antennas stacked sequentially from top to bottom according to their operating frequencies from low to high, namely, a Tiantong antenna 200, a data transmission antenna 300, a Beidou one-line communication antenna 600, an AIS antenna 400, a VHF / UHF antenna 500, a 5G antenna 700, and a WIFI antenna 800.

[0042] Optionally, the composite antenna also includes a waterproof and breathable valve, which ensures that the composite antenna as a whole has good sealing properties.

[0043] Optionally, the composite antenna also includes a connector for radio frequency connection to the main module of the composite antenna.

[0044] Optionally, the composite antenna also includes a nut, which is used to tightly connect with the main module of the composite antenna, thereby improving the overall stability of the composite antenna.

[0045] In this embodiment of the invention, by integrating the above seven antennas onto a composite antenna, the composite antenna can achieve multi-mode communication. For example, it can realize communication modes such as BeiDou short message communication, BeiDou high-precision positioning, WiFi data transmission, TianTong, AIS, VHF / UHF, and wireless communication data processing.

Claims

1. A composite antenna, characterized in that, include: Multiple antennas are stacked sequentially from top to bottom according to their operating frequencies, from low to high. The plurality of antennas includes a first antenna group located at the top and a second antenna group located at the bottom; the first antenna group and the second antenna group are respectively electrically connected to the base; Each antenna group includes a radiator, a support structure that carries the radiator, a feed board that is electrically connected to the radiator, and a choke device. Each antenna in the second antenna group shares a second radiator and also shares a first radiator of the first antenna group; In this configuration, each antenna in the second antenna group shares a second radiator and also shares a first radiator of the first antenna group, including: The first antenna group includes, from top to bottom, a sky-connecting antenna and a data transmission antenna. The radiators of the sky-connecting antenna are multiple spiral radiator arms. The data transmission antenna includes a choke sleeve, a metal tube, a choke device, and, from top to bottom, a first upper radiating arm, a first lower radiating arm, a second upper radiating arm, a second lower radiating arm, and a feed point. The second antenna group includes an AIS antenna and a VHF / UHF antenna. The AIS antenna includes a feed plate, a second radiator, and a support. The VHF / UHF antenna includes a feed plate, a second radiator, and a support. The second radiator and the support are shared by the AIS antenna and the VHF / UHF antenna. The AIS antenna and the VHF / UHF antenna are mounted in a single-unit loading manner, and share the first radiator and the second radiator of the first antenna group through coupling. The first radiator includes the radiator of the Tiantong antenna and the first upper radiating arm, the first lower radiating arm, the second upper radiating arm, and the second lower radiating arm of the data transmission antenna.

2. The antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The Tiantong antenna is located at the top of the composite antenna; The support component of the Tiantong antenna is a cone; the choke device of the Tiantong antenna is located at the lower end of the feed board of the Tiantong antenna.

3. The antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The data transmission antenna adopts an array of cross-arranged radiating arms, and each radiating arm adopts a parallel feeding method. The lower end of the data transmission antenna is equipped with a corresponding choke device.

4. The antenna as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A choke sleeve is provided between the first lower radiating arm and the second lower radiating arm.

5. The antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support structure shared by the AIS antenna and the VHF / UHF antenna is a column; the second radiator shared by the AIS antenna and the VHF / UHF antenna is uniformly wound around the column. The feed lines of the Tiantong antenna and the data transmission antenna pass through the cylinder and are electrically connected to the base.

6. The antenna as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It also includes a Beidou One-Line Communication Antenna disposed between the first antenna group and the second antenna group; The Beidou One-Line Communication Antenna adopts a low-profile microstrip antenna; The Beidou One-Line Communication Antenna includes multiple stacked third radiators; wherein, multiple raised square patches are evenly distributed on the edge of the third radiator.

7. The antenna as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, The feed board of the Beidou One-Line Antenna has an active circuit on the side closest to the second antenna group. The second radiator is connected to the feed board of the Beidou One-Line Antenna.

8. The antenna as described in claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a 5G antenna mounted on the base; The third upper radiating arm of the 5G antenna includes at least one slot; the third lower radiating arm is embedded in the slot.

9. The antenna as described in claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a WIFI antenna that is arranged side-by-side and crosses with the 5G antenna on the base; The WIFI module adopts the form of a short-circuit stub.

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