Beam training for coordinating relaying

Abstract

In summary, various aspects of this disclosure relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a receiving wireless communication device can receive multiple beamforming reference signals associated with a set of time resources used for beam training to coordinate relaying from multiple relay user equipments (UEs). The UE can transmit an indication of a reference signal index indicating a selected beam based at least in part on a determination that at least one measurement associated with the multiple beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria. Numerous other aspects are described.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This patent application claims priority to Greek provisional patent application No. 20210100113, filed on February 25, 2021, entitled “BEAM TRAINING FORCOORDINATED RELAYING”, which has been assigned to the assignee of this application. The disclosure of the prior application is considered part of this patent application and is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] In summary, various aspects of this disclosure relate to wireless communication, and to techniques and apparatus for beam training of coordinated relays. Background Technology

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunications services such as telephone, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems employ multiple access technologies that can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple access technologies include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE / Improved LTE is an enhanced set of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard released by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0005] A wireless network may include multiple base stations (BSs) capable of supporting communication for multiple user equipments (UEs). UEs can communicate with the BS via downlinks and uplinks. A "downlink" (or "forward link") refers to the communication link from the BS to the UE, and an "uplink" (or "reverse link") refers to the communication link from the UE to the BS. As will be described in more detail herein, a BS may be referred to as a Node B, gNB, Access Point (AP), Radio Headend, Transmit / Receive Point (TRP), New Radio (NR) BS, 5G Node B, etc.

[0006] The above multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol that enables different user equipment to communicate at the city, country, region, and even global levels. NR (which can also be referred to as 5G) is an enhancement set of the LTE mobile standard released by 3GPP. NR is designed to better integrate with other open standards by improving spectrum efficiency, reducing costs, improving service, utilizing new spectrum, and using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with Cyclic Prefix (CP) on the downlink (DL) and CP-OFDM and / or SC-FDM (e.g., also known as Discrete Fourier Transform Extended OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink (UL), as well as supporting beamforming, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technologies and carrier aggregation, thereby better supporting mobile broadband internet access. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to grow, further improvements to LTE, NR, and other radio access technologies remain useful. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In some aspects, a receiving user equipment (UE) for wireless communication includes: a memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors being configured to: receive from a plurality of relay UEs a plurality of beamforming reference signals associated with a set of time resources for beam training for coordinating relays; and transmit an indication of a reference signal index indicating a selected beam based at least in part on a determination that at least one measurement associated with the plurality of beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria.

[0008] In some aspects, a relay UE for wireless communication includes: a memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors being configured to: transmit to a receiving UE a beamforming reference signal among a plurality of beamforming reference signals associated with a set of time resources; and receive an indication of a reference signal index indicating a selected beam based at least in part on a determination that at least one measurement associated with the plurality of beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria.

[0009] In some aspects, a method of wireless communication performed by a receiving UE includes: receiving from a plurality of relay UEs a plurality of beamforming reference signals associated with a set of time resources for beam training for coordinating relays; and transmitting an indication of a reference signal index indicating a selected beam based at least in part on a determination that at least one measurement associated with the plurality of beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria.

[0010] In some aspects, a method of wireless communication performed by a relay UE includes: transmitting to a receiving UE a beamforming reference signal among a plurality of beamforming reference signals associated with a set of time resources; and receiving an indication of a reference signal index indicating a selected beam based at least in part on a determination that at least one measurement associated with the plurality of beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria.

[0011] In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication includes one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of a receiving UE, causing the receiving wireless communication device to: receive from a plurality of relay UEs a plurality of beamforming reference signals associated with a set of time resources for beam training for coordinating relays; and transmit an indication of a reference signal index indicating a selected beam, based at least in part on a determination that at least one measurement associated with the plurality of beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria.

[0012] In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication includes one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of a relay UE, causing the relay UE to: transmit to a receiving UE a beamforming reference signal among a plurality of beamforming reference signals associated with a set of time resources; and receive an indication of an index of a reference signal indicating a selected beam, based at least in part on a determination that at least one measurement associated with the plurality of beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria.

[0013] In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication includes: a unit for receiving from a plurality of relay UEs a plurality of beamforming reference signals associated with a set of time resources for beam training for coordinating relays; and a unit for transmitting an indication of a reference signal index indicating a selected beam based at least in part on a determination that at least one measurement associated with the plurality of beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria.

[0014] In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication includes: a unit for transmitting to a receiving UE a beamforming reference signal among a plurality of beamforming reference signals associated with a set of time resources; and a unit for receiving an indication of a reference signal index indicating a selected beam based at least in part on a determination that at least one measurement associated with the plurality of beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria.

[0015] In general, the aspects include methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, wireless communication equipment and / or processing systems as fully described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings and description and as shown by the accompanying drawings and description.

[0016] The foregoing has provided a fairly broad overview of the features and technical advantages of examples according to this disclosure in order to better understand the following detailed description. Additional features and advantages will be described below. The disclosed concepts and specific examples can be readily used as the basis for modifying or designing other structures for achieving the same purpose as this disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein (both their organization and manner of operation) and their associated advantages will be better understood when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, based on the following description. Each drawing in the accompanying drawings is provided for illustrative and descriptive purposes and is not intended to define a limitation of the claims.

[0017] While aspects have been described in this disclosure by way of example, those skilled in the art will understand that such aspects can be implemented in many different arrangements and scenarios. The techniques described herein can be implemented using different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and / or package arrangements. For example, aspects can be implemented via integrated chip embodiments or other devices based on non-modular components (e.g., end-user equipment, vehicles, communication equipment, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchasing devices, medical devices, or AI-enabled devices). Aspects can be implemented in chip-level components, modular components, non-modular components, non-chip-level components, device-level components, or system-level components. Devices incorporating the described aspects and features may include additional components and features for the implementation and enforcement of the claimed and described aspects. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals may include multiple components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, radio frequency (RF) chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders, or summers). It is intended that the aspects described herein can be implemented in various devices, components, systems, distributed arrangements, or end-user equipment with different sizes, shapes, and configurations. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To gain a full understanding of the features described above, a more specific description of the brief overview can be obtained by referring to various aspects, some of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that the drawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of the disclosure and are therefore not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure, as other equally valid aspects are permissible under this description. The same reference numerals in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network according to this disclosure.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of communication between a base station and a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network according to this disclosure.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of sidelink communication according to this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating examples of sidelink communication and access link communication according to this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a coordination relay according to this disclosure.

[0024] Figure 6 and 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example associated with beam training for coordinated relay according to the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 8 and 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example process associated with beam training for coordinated relay according to the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 10 and 11 This is a block diagram of an example device for wireless communication based on the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The various aspects of this disclosure are described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any particular structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of this disclosure to those skilled in the art. Based on the teachings herein, those skilled in the art will understand that the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or in combination with any other aspect of this disclosure. For example, an apparatus or a method may be implemented using any number of the aspects set forth herein. Furthermore, the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover such apparatuses or methods implemented using structures, functions, or structures and functions other than or different from the aspects of this disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the claims.

[0028] Several aspects of a telecommunications system will now be described with reference to various devices and techniques. These devices and techniques will be described in detail below and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, through various frames, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements can be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether such an element is implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the entire system.

[0029] It should be noted that while this document may use terms commonly associated with 5G or NR radio access technology (RAT) to describe aspects, aspects of this disclosure may be applied to other RATs, such as 3G RAT, 4G RAT and / or RATs after 5G (e.g., 6G).

[0030] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100 according to this disclosure. The wireless network 100 may be or may include elements of a 5G (NR) network and / or an LTE network, as well as other examples. The wireless network 100 may include multiple base stations 110 (shown as BS 110a, BS 110b, BS 110c, and BS 110d) and other network entities. A base station (BS) is an entity that communicates with a user equipment (UE) and may also be referred to as an NR BS, Node B, gNB, 5G Node B (NB), access point, Transmit / Receive Point (TRP), etc. Each BS can provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area. In 3GPP, the term "cell" may refer to the coverage area of ​​a BS and / or the BS subsystem serving that coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used.

[0031] A BS can provide communication coverage for macrocells, picocells, femtocells, and / or another type of cell. A macrocell can cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and can allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions. A picocell can cover a relatively small geographic area and can allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions. A femtocell can cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a residential area) and can allow restricted access by UEs associated with that femtocell (e.g., UEs in a Closed User Group (CSG)). A BS used for macrocells can be referred to as a macro BS. A BS used for picocells can be referred to as a pico BS. A BS used for femtocells can be referred to as a femtocell BS or a home BS. Figure 1 In the examples shown, BS 110a can be a macro BS for macro cell 102a, BS 110b can be a pico BS for pico cell 102b, and BS 110c can be a femto BS for femto cell 102c. A BS can support one or more (e.g., three) cells. The terms “eNB,” “base station,” “NR BS,” “gNB,” “TRP,” “AP,” “Node B,” “5G NB,” and “cell” are used interchangeably herein.

[0032] In some respects, the cell may not be stationary, and the geographical area of ​​the cell may move depending on the location of the mobile BS. In some respects, BSs may be interconnected with each other and / or with one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown) in the wireless network 100 using any suitable transport network through various types of backhaul interfaces (such as direct physical connections or virtual networks).

[0033] The wireless network 100 may also include a relay station. A relay station is an entity that can receive data transmissions from an upstream station (e.g., a BS or a UE) and transmit the data transmissions to a downstream station (e.g., a UE or a BS). A relay station can also be a UE capable of relaying transmissions for other UEs. Figure 1 In the example shown, relay BS 110d can communicate with macro BS 110a and UE 120d to facilitate communication between BS 110a and UE 120d. A relay BS can also be referred to as a relay station, relay base station, relay, etc.

[0034] In some aspects, wireless network 100 may include one or more non-terrestrial network (NTN) deployments, wherein non-terrestrial wireless communication devices may include UEs (which are interchangeably referred to herein as “non-terrestrial UEs”), BSs (which are interchangeably referred to herein as “non-terrestrial BSs” and “non-terrestrial base stations”) and / or relay stations (which are interchangeably referred to herein as “non-terrestrial relay stations”), and other examples. As used herein, NTN may refer to a network facilitated by non-terrestrial UEs, non-terrestrial BSs and / or non-terrestrial relay stations, and other examples.

[0035] Wireless Network 100 may include any number of non-terrestrial wireless communication devices. Non-terrestrial wireless communication devices may include satellites, manned aircraft systems and / or unmanned aircraft system (UAS) platforms, and other examples. Satellites may include Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites, Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellites, Geostationary Orbit (GEO) satellites and / or Highly Elliptical Orbit (HEO) satellites, and other examples. Manned aircraft systems may include aircraft, helicopters and / or airships, and other examples. UAS platforms may include High Altitude Platform Stations (HAPS) and may include balloons, airships and / or aircraft, and other examples. Non-terrestrial wireless communication devices may be part of an NTN separate from Wireless Network 100. Alternatively, the NTN may be part of Wireless Network 100. Satellites may use satellite communications to communicate directly and / or indirectly with other entities in Wireless Network 100. Other entities may include UEs (e.g., terrestrial UEs and / or non-terrestrial UEs), one or more other satellites in an NTN deployment, other types of BSs (e.g., fixed and / or terrestrial BSs), relay stations, and / or one or more components and / or devices included in the core network of the wireless network 100, as well as other examples.

[0036] Wireless network 100 can be a heterogeneous network comprising different types of Base Stations (BSs) such as macro BSs, pico BSs, femto BSs, relay BSs, etc. These different types of BSs can have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and different effects on interference in wireless network 100. For example, macro BSs can have high transmit power levels (e.g., 5 to 40 watts), while pico BSs, femto BSs, and relay BSs can have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 to 2 watts).

[0037] Network controller 130 may be coupled to a group of Base Stations (BSs) and may provide coordination and control for these BSs. Network controller 130 may communicate with the BSs via backhaul. BSs may also communicate with each other via wireless or wired backhaul (e.g., directly or indirectly). For example, in some aspects, wireless network 100 may be, include, or be included in a wireless backhaul network (sometimes referred to as an Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) network). In an IAB network, at least one base station (e.g., base station 110) may be an anchor base station communicating with the core network via a wired backhaul link (e.g., a fiber optic connection). Anchor base stations may also be referred to as IAB donors (or IAB-donors), central entities and / or central units, and other examples. An IAB network may include one or more non-anchor base stations, sometimes referred to as relay base stations or IAB nodes (or IAB-nodes). Non-anchor base stations may communicate directly or indirectly (e.g., via one or more non-anchor base stations) with anchor base stations via one or more backhaul links to form a backhaul path to the core network for carrying backhaul traffic. The backhaul link may be a wireless link. Anchor base stations and / or non-anchor base stations can communicate with one or more UEs (e.g., UE 120) via an access link, which may be a radio link used to carry access services.

[0038] In some aspects, radio access networks, including IAB networks, can utilize millimeter-wave technology and / or directional communication (e.g., beamforming and / or precoding, and other examples) to communicate between base stations and / or UEs (e.g., between two base stations, between two UEs, and / or between a base station and a UE). For example, a radio backhaul link between base stations can use millimeter waves to carry information, and / or can use beamforming and / or precoding, and other examples, to point towards a target base station. Similarly, a radio access link between a UE and a base station can use millimeter waves and / or can be pointed towards a target radio node (e.g., the UE and / or the base station). In this way, inter-link interference can be reduced.

[0039] UE 120 (e.g., 120a, 120b, 120c) may be distributed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE may be stationary or mobile. UE may also be referred to as an access terminal, terminal, mobile station, user unit, station, etc. UE may be a cellular phone (e.g., a smartphone), personal digital assistant (PDA), wireless modem, wireless communication device, handheld device, laptop computer, cordless phone, wireless local loop (WLL) station, tablet device, camera, gaming device, netbook, smartbook, ultrabook, medical device or apparatus, biometric sensor / device, wearable device (smartwatch, smart clothing, smart glasses, smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., smart ring, smart bracelet)), entertainment device (e.g., music or video device, or satellite radio unit), vehicle component or sensor, smart meter / sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, GPS device, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via wireless or wired media.

[0040] Some UEs can be considered Machine-Type Communication (MTC) or Evolved or Enhanced Machine-Type Communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC and eMTC UEs include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, and / or location tags, which can communicate with a base station, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. Wireless nodes can provide connectivity to or to a network (e.g., a wide area network such as the Internet or cellular networks) via wired or wireless communication links, for example. Some UEs can be considered Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and / or can be implemented as NB-IoT (Narrowband Internet of Things) devices. Some UEs can be considered Customer Premises Equipment (CPE). UE 120 can be included within a housing housing the components of UE 120, such as processor components and / or memory components. In some aspects, the processor components and memory components can be coupled together. For example, the processor components (e.g., one or more processors) and memory components (e.g., memory) can be operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and / or electrically coupled.

[0041] Typically, any number of wireless networks can be deployed in a given geographical area. Each wireless network can support a specific RAT and can operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT can also be referred to as a radio technology, air interface, etc. A frequency can also be referred to as a carrier, channel, etc. Each frequency can support a single RAT in a given geographical area to avoid interference between wireless networks using different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks can be deployed.

[0042] In some respects, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using base station 110 as an intermediary for communication with each other). For example, UE 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocols (e.g., which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols or vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols) and / or mesh networks. In this case, UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations described herein as being performed by base station 110.

[0043] Devices in the wireless network 100 can communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which can be subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc., based on frequency or wavelength. For example, devices in the wireless network 100 can communicate using an operating band with a first frequency range (FR1) (spanning from 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz), and / or can communicate using an operating band with a second frequency range (FR2) (spanning from 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz). Frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are sometimes referred to as intermediate frequency (IF) bands. Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to as the “below 6 GHz” band. Similarly, FR2 is often referred to as the “millimeter wave” band, although it is different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz–300 GHz) designated as the “millimeter wave” band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). Therefore, unless otherwise explicitly stated, it should be understood that the terms "below 6 GHz" and the like (if used herein) can broadly refer to frequencies less than 6 GHz, frequencies within FR1, and / or intermediate frequency band frequencies (e.g., greater than 7.125 GHz). Similarly, unless otherwise explicitly stated, it should be understood that the terms "millimeter wave" and the like (if used herein) can broadly refer to frequencies within the EHF band, frequencies within FR2, and / or intermediate frequency band frequencies (e.g., less than 24.25 GHz). It is anticipated that the frequencies included in FR1 and FR2 may be modified, and the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0044] As pointed out above, Figure 1 This is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from the one provided. Figure 1 The example described.

[0045] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example 200 of communication between a base station 110 and a UE 120 in a wireless network 100 according to the present disclosure. The base station 110 may be equipped with T antennas 234a to 234t, and the UE 120 may be equipped with R antennas 252a to 252r, wherein, generally, T ≥ 1 and R ≥ 1.

[0046] At base station 110, transmitting processor 220 can receive data for one or more UEs from data source 212, select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCS) for each UE based at least in part on channel quality indicators (CQI) received from each UE, process (e.g., code and modulate) the data for each UE based at least in part on the MCS selected for each UE, and provide data symbols for all UEs. Transmitting processor 220 can also process system information (e.g., semi-static resource allocation information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, permission, and / or upper-layer signaling), and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. Transmitting processor 220 can also generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS) or demodulation reference signals (DMRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS)). The transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 can perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding, if applicable) on data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols, and can provide T output symbol streams to T modulators (MODs) 232a to 232t. Each modulator 232 can (e.g., for OFDM) process its corresponding output symbol stream to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator 232 can further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and up-convert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The T downlink signals from modulators 232a to 232t can be transmitted via T antennas 234a to 234t respectively.

[0047] At UE 120, antennas 252a to 252r can receive downlink signals from base station 110 and / or other base stations, and can provide the received signals to demodulators (DEMODs) 254a to 254r respectively. Each demodulator 254 can adjust (e.g., filter, amplify, down-convert, and digitize) the received signal to obtain an input sample. Each demodulator 254 can further process the input sample (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain a received symbol. MIMO detector 256 can obtain the received symbols from all R demodulators 254a to 254r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols (if applicable), and provide the detected symbols. Receive processor 258 can process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for UE 120 to data sink 260, and provide decoded control information and system information to controller / processor 280. The term "controller / processor" can refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. The channel processor can determine the Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) parameter, Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) parameter, Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) parameter, and / or CQI parameter, as well as other examples. In some aspects, one or more components of the UE 120 may be included in the housing 284.

[0048] Network controller 130 may include communication unit 294, controller / processor 290, and memory 292. Network controller 130 may include one or more devices, such as those in a core network. Network controller 130 may communicate with base station 110 via communication unit 294.

[0049] Antennas (e.g., antennas 234a to 234t and / or antennas 252a to 252r) may include or be included within the following: one or more antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays, and other examples. Antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays may include one or more antenna elements. Antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays may include coplanar antenna element sets and / or non-coplanar antenna element sets. Antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays may include antenna elements within a single housing and / or multiple antenna elements within housings. Antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays may include antenna elements coupled to one or more transmitting and / or receiving components (such as...) Figure 2 One or more antenna elements (one or more components).

[0050] Antenna elements and / or sub-elements can be used to generate a beam. A “beam” can be a directional transmission, such as a wireless signal transmitted in the direction of a receiving device. A beam can include a directional signal, a direction associated with the signal, a set of directional resources associated with the signal (e.g., angle of arrival, horizontal direction, vertical direction), and / or a set of parameters indicating one or more aspects of the directional signal, the direction associated with the signal, and / or the set of directional resources associated with the signal.

[0051] As noted above, antenna elements and / or sub-elements can be used to generate beams. For example, antenna elements can be individually selected or deselected for transmitting signals (or multiple signals) by controlling the amplitude of one or more corresponding amplifiers. Beamforming involves generating a beam using multiple signals on different antenna elements, wherein one or more or all of the signals are phase-shifted relative to each other. The formed beam can carry physical or higher-level reference signals or information. As each of the multiple signals is radiated from its corresponding antenna element, the radiated signals interact with each other, interfere (constructive and destructive interference), and are amplified to form the resulting beam. The shape (such as amplitude, width, and / or the presence of sidelobes) and orientation (such as the angle of the beam relative to the surface of the antenna array) can be dynamically controlled by modifying the phase shifts or phase offsets of the multiple signals relative to each other.

[0052] In 5G and other types of RATs, beamforming can be used for communication between the UE and the base station, such as for millimeter-wave communication and other examples. In such cases, the base station can provide the UE with a Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state configuration, where each TCI state indicates a beam that the UE can use (such as for receiving the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)). The base station can indicate the activated TCI state to the UE, which the UE can use to select the beam for receiving the PDSCH.

[0053] Beam indication is an indication of a beam. Beam indication can be or includes TCI status information elements, beam identifiers (IDs), spatial relation information, TCI status IDs, closed-loop indexes, panel IDs, TRP IDs, and / or sounding reference signal (SRS) set IDs, and other examples. TCI status information elements (referred to herein as TCI status) can indicate information associated with a beam, such as a downlink beam. For example, a TCI status information element can indicate a TCI status identifier (e.g., tci- StateID Quasi-common address (QCL) type (e.g., qcl-Type1 , qcl-Type2 , qcl-TypeA , qcl-TypeB , qcl- Type Cand / or qcl-TypeD And other examples), cell identifiers (e.g., ServCellIndex ), bandwidth part identifier ( bwp-Id ) and / or reference signal identifiers (such as CSI-RS (e.g., NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceId and / or SSB-Index And other examples). Spatial relationship information can similarly indicate information associated with the uplink beam.

[0054] Beam indication can be a combined or separate downlink (DL) / uplink (UL) beam indication within a unified TCI framework. In some cases, the network can use at least UE-specific (unicast) downlink control information (DCI) to indicate a combined or separate DL / UL beam indication from an active TCI state, thereby supporting Layer 1 (L1) based beam indication. In some cases, existing DCI formats 1_1 and / or 1_2 can be reused for beam indication. The network can include support mechanisms for UE confirmation of successful decoding of the beam indication. For example, acknowledgment / negation acknowledgment (ACK / NACK) of a PDSCH scheduled by a DCI carrying the beam indication can also be used as an ACK for the DCI.

[0055] Beam indication can be provided for carrier aggregation (CA) scenarios. Within the unified TCI framework, the network can support the updating and activation of a common TCI state ID to provide common QCL information and / or one or more common UL transmission space filters across a configured set of component carriers (CCs). This type of beam indication can be applied to in-band CA as well as joint DL / UL and individual DL / UL beam indication. A common TCI state ID can mean that a reference signal (RS) determined based on the TCI state indicated by the common TCI state ID is used to provide QCL Type-D indication and determine the UL transmission space filter across the configured set of CCs.

[0056] Some UEs and / or base stations may support full-duplex operation. For example, a UE may support transmission via a first beam (e.g., using a first antenna panel) and simultaneously support reception via a second beam (e.g., using a second antenna panel). Support for simultaneous transmission and reception may be conditional on beam splitting (such as spatial splitting (e.g., using different beams) and / or frequency splitting, and other examples). Alternatively, support for simultaneous transmission may be conditional on the use of beamforming.

[0057] On the uplink, at UE 120, transmit processor 264 can receive and process data from data source 262 and control information from controller / processor 280 (e.g., for reporting RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and / or CQI). Transmit processor 264 can also generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. Symbols from transmit processor 264 can be pre-encoded (if applicable) by TX MIMO processor 266, further processed by modulators 254a to 254r (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and transmitted to base station 110. In some aspects, modulators and demodulators (e.g., MOD / DEMOD 254) of UE 120 can be included in the modem of UE 120. In some aspects, UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 252, modulator and / or demodulator 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, and / or TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 280) and memory 282 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein (e.g., as referenced). Figure 6-11 (Described).

[0058] At base station 110, uplink signals from UE 120 and other UEs can be received by antenna 234, processed by demodulator 232, detected by MIMO detector 236 (if applicable), and further processed by receiver processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by UE 120. Receiver processor 238 can provide decoded data to data sink 239 and decoded control information to controller / processor 240. Base station 110 may include communication unit 244 and communicate with network controller 130 via communication unit 244. Base station 110 may include scheduler 246 to schedule UE 120 for downlink and / or uplink communication. In some aspects, modulators and demodulators (e.g., MOD / DEMOD 232) of base station 110 may be included in the modem of base station 110. In some aspects, base station 110 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 234, modulator and / or demodulator 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, transmit processor 220, and / or TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 240) and memory 242 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein (e.g., as referenced). Figure 6-11 (Described).

[0059] The controller / processor 240 of base station 110, the controller / processor 280 of UE 120 and / or Figure 2 Any other components may perform one or more techniques associated with beam training for coordinated relay, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor 240 of base station 110, the controller / processor 280 of UE 120, and / or Figure 2 Any other component can perform or direct, for example Figure 8 The process 800 Figure 9 The operation of process 900 and / or other processes as described herein. Memory 242 and 282 may store data and program code for base station 110 and UE 120, respectively. In some aspects, memory 242 and / or memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions (e.g., code and / or program code) for wireless communication. For example, one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of base station 110 and / or UE 120 (e.g., directly, or after compilation, translation, and / or interpretation), may cause one or more processors, UE 120, and / or base station 110 to perform or instruct, for example... Figure 8 The process 800 Figure 9 The operation of process 900 and / or other processes as described herein. In some aspects, execution instructions may include run instructions, translation instructions, compilation instructions and / or interpretation instructions, and other examples.

[0060] In some aspects, the receiving wireless communication device includes: a unit for receiving from a plurality of relay UEs a plurality of beamforming reference signals associated with a set of time resources for beam training for coordinating relays; or a unit for transmitting an indication of a reference signal index indicating a selected beam based at least in part on a determination that at least one measurement associated with the plurality of beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria. The unit for the receiving wireless communication device to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of antenna 252, demodulator 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, modulator 254, controller / processor 280, or memory 282.

[0061] In some aspects, the receiving wireless communication device includes: a unit for determining that at least one measurement associated with a plurality of beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria. In some aspects, the receiving wireless communication device includes: a unit for receiving multiple instances of communication from a plurality of relay UEs, at least partially based on a reference signal index. In some aspects, the receiving wireless communication device includes: a unit for transmitting a training configuration to a plurality of relay UEs, wherein the training configuration indicates the number of time resources in a set of time resources. In some aspects, the receiving wireless communication device includes: a unit for selecting a selected beam, at least partially based on a beam training process having at least one stage, wherein the at least one stage includes at least one of a beam-down selection process or a UE-down selection process.

[0062] In some aspects, the receiving wireless communication device includes: a unit for performing a beam-down selection process at least in part based on facilitating the selection of a subset of beams in a beam set, wherein the subset of beams includes selected beams. In some aspects, the receiving wireless communication device includes: a unit for performing a UE-down selection process at least in part based on: selecting multiple UEs from a large number of UEs at least in part based on one or more performance measurements associated with a large number of UEs.

[0063] In some aspects, the receiving wireless communication device includes: a unit for transmitting a beam training process configuration indicating at least one stage. In some aspects, the receiving wireless communication device includes: a unit for transmitting an activation indication associated with the beam training process via at least one of: Radio Resource Control (RRC) messages, Medium Access Control (MAC) control elements (MAC CE), DCI transmissions, or Side Link Control Information (SCI) transmissions. In some aspects, the receiving wireless communication device includes: a unit for transmitting gap timing indicating the amount of time between a first event and a second event, wherein the first event includes at least one of activation or a first training phase, and wherein the second event includes a second training phase. In some aspects, the receiving wireless communication device includes: a unit for determining at least one measurement associated with a plurality of beamforming reference signals.

[0064] In some aspects, a relay UE includes: a unit for transmitting to a receiving UE a beamforming reference signal among a plurality of beamforming reference signals associated with a set of time resources; or a unit for receiving an indication of a reference signal index indicating a selected beam based at least in part on a determination that at least one measurement associated with the plurality of beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria. Units for the relay UE to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of antenna 252, demodulator 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, modulator 254, controller / processor 280, or memory 282.

[0065] In some aspects, a relay UE includes: a unit for transmitting a communication instance of a plurality of communication instances to a receiving UE, at least partially based on a reference signal index. In some aspects, a relay UE includes: a unit for encoding the communication instance, at least partially based on one or more precoders associated with the reference signal index. In some aspects, a relay UE includes: a unit for receiving a training configuration from a receiving UE, wherein the training configuration indicates the number of time resources in a set of time resources. In some aspects, a relay UE includes: a unit for receiving an indication of the result of a beam selection process, at least partially based on the selection of a subset of beams in a beam set, wherein the subset of beams includes the selected beam.

[0066] In some aspects, the relay UE includes: a unit for receiving a beam training process configuration indicating at least one phase. In some aspects, the relay UE includes: a unit for receiving an activation indication associated with the beam training process via at least one of an RRC message, a MAC CE, a DCI transmission, or an SCI transmission. In some aspects, the relay UE includes: a unit for receiving gap timing indicating the amount of time between a first event and a second event, wherein the first event includes at least one of activation or a first training phase, and wherein the second event includes a second training phase.

[0067] Although Figure 2 The boxes in the diagram are shown as different components, but the functions described above with respect to these boxes can be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combined component, or in various combinations of components. For example, the functions described with respect to transmit processor 264, receive processor 258, and / or TX MIMO processor 266 can be performed by or under the control of controller / processor 280.

[0068] As pointed out above, Figure 2 This is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from the one provided. Figure 2 The example described.

[0069] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating example 300 of sidelink communication according to this disclosure.

[0070] like Figure 3 As shown, the first UE 305-1 can communicate with the second UE 305-2 (and one or more other UEs 305) via one or more sidelink channels 310. UEs 305-1 and 305-2 can communicate using one or more sidelink channels 310 for P2P communication, D2D communication, V2X communication (e.g., which may include V2V communication, V2I communication, and / or vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) communication), and / or mesh networking. In some aspects, UEs 305 (e.g., UEs 305-1 and / or UEs 305-2) can correspond to one or more other UEs described elsewhere herein, such as UE 120. In some aspects, the one or more sidelink channels 310 can use a PC5 interface and / or can operate in a high-frequency band (e.g., the 5.9 GHz band). Alternatively, UE 305 may use Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) timing to synchronize the timing of transmission time intervals (TTIs) (e.g., frames, subframes, time slots, or symbols).

[0071] like Figure 3 As further shown, one or more sidelink channels 310 may include a Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH) 315, a Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH) 320, and / or a Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH) 325. Similar to the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) and / or Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) used for cellular communication with base station 110 via an access link or access channel, PSCCH 315 may be used to transmit control information. Similar to the PDSCH and / or Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) used for cellular communication with base station 110 via an access link or access channel, PSSCH 320 may be used to transmit data. For example, PSCCH 315 may carry an SCI 330, which may indicate various control information for sidelink communication, such as one or more resources (e.g., time resources, frequency resources, and / or spatial resources), wherein a transport block (TB) 335 may be carried on PSSCH 320. TB 335 may include data. The PSFCH325 can be used for transmission-side link feedback 340, such as Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) feedback (e.g., ACK / NACK information), Transmit Power Control (TPC), and / or Schedule Request (SR).

[0072] Although shown on PSCCH 315, in some aspects, SCI 330 may include multiple communications in different phases (such as Phase 1 SCI (SCI-1) and Phase 2 SCI (SCI-2)). SCI-1 may be transmitted on PSCCH 315. SCI-2 may be transmitted on PSSCH 320. SCI-1 may include, for example, indications of one or more resources on PSSCH 320 (e.g., time resources, frequency resources, and / or spatial resources), information for decoding sidelink communications on PSSCH, Quality of Service (QoS) priority values, resource reservation periods, PSSCH DMRS mode, SCI format for SCI-2, beta offset for SCI-2, number of PSSCH DMRS ports, and / or MCS. SCI-2 may include information associated with data transmission on PSSCH 320, such as HARQ process ID, New Data Indicator (NDI), source identifier, destination identifier, and / or Channel State Information (CSI) report triggering.

[0073] In some aspects, one or more sidelink channels 310 may use resource pools. For example, scheduling assignments may be transmitted in a subchannel using specific resource blocks (RBs) across time (e.g., included in SCI 330). In some aspects, data transmissions associated with scheduling assignments (e.g., on PSSCH 320) may occupy adjacent RBs in the same subframe as the scheduling assignment (e.g., using frequency division multiplexing). In some aspects, scheduling assignments and associated data transmissions are not transmitted on adjacent RBs.

[0074] In some aspects, UE 305 may operate using a sidelink transport mode (e.g., mode 1), where resource selection and / or scheduling is performed by base station 110. For example, UE 305 may receive permission from base station 110 for sidelink channel access and / or scheduling (e.g., in a DCI or in an RRC message, such as permission for configuration). In some aspects, UE 305 may operate using a transport mode (e.g., mode 2), where resource selection and / or scheduling is performed by UE 305 (e.g., instead of base station 110). In some aspects, UE 305 may perform resource selection and / or scheduling by sensing channel availability for transport. For example, UE 305 can measure RSSI parameters (e.g., sidelink-RSSI (S-RSSI) parameters) associated with various sidelink channels, can measure RSRP parameters (e.g., PSSCH-RSRP parameters) associated with various sidelink channels, and / or can measure RSRQ parameters (e.g., PSSCH-RSRQ parameters) associated with various sidelink channels, and can select the channel for transmissions used for sidelink communication based at least in part on the measurements.

[0075] Alternatively, UE 305 may use SCI 330 received in PSCCH 315 to perform resource selection and / or scheduling, SCI 330 may indicate occupied resources and / or channel parameters. Alternatively, UE 305 may perform resource selection and / or scheduling by determining the Channel Busy Rate (CBR) associated with various sidelink channels, which may be used for rate control (e.g., by indicating the maximum number of resource blocks that UE 305 can use for a particular set of subframes).

[0076] In a transport mode where resource selection and / or scheduling is performed by UE 305, UE 305 can generate sidelink grants and can send the grants in SCI 330. Sidelink grants can indicate one or more parameters (e.g., transport parameters) to be used for an upcoming sidelink transport, such as one or more resource blocks (e.g., for TB 335) to be used for an upcoming sidelink transport on PSSCH 320, one or more subframes to be used for an upcoming sidelink transport, and / or the MCS to be used for an upcoming sidelink transport. In some aspects, UE 305 can generate sidelink grants indicating one or more parameters for semi-persistent scheduling (SPS), such as the period of the sidelink transport. Alternatively or concurrently, UE 305 can generate sidelink grants for event-driven scheduling (e.g., for on-demand sidelink messages).

[0077] As pointed out above, Figure 3This is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from the one provided. Figure 3 The example described.

[0078] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating example 400 of sidelink communication and access link communication according to the present disclosure.

[0079] like Figure 4 As shown, the transmitter (Tx) / receiver (Rx) UE 405 and the Rx / Tx UE 410 can communicate with each other via a side link, as described above. Figure 3 As described. Further, in some sidelink modes, base station 110 may communicate with Tx / Rx UE 405 via a first access link. Alternatively, in some sidelink modes, base station 110 may communicate with Rx / Tx UE 410 via a second access link. Tx / Rx UE 405 and / or Rx / Tx UE 410 may correspond to one or more UEs described elsewhere herein, such as... Figure 1 UE 120. Therefore, the direct link between UE 120 (e.g., via the PC5 interface) can be referred to as a sidelink, and the direct link between base station 110 and UE 120 (e.g., via the Uu interface) can be referred to as an access link. Sidelink communication can be transmitted via the sidelink, and access link communication can be transmitted via the access link. Access link communication can be downlink communication (from base station 110 to UE 120) or uplink communication (from UE 120 to base station 110).

[0080] As pointed out above, Figure 4 This is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from the one provided. Figure 4 The example described.

[0081] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example 500 of a coordinated relay according to the present disclosure. As shown, example 500 includes a source device 505, a destination device 510, a relay UE 515, a relay UE 520, and a receiving wireless communication device 525. In some aspects, the source device 505 may be a UE, a CPE, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, a sensor device, or a health monitor, and other examples) and / or a base station, and other examples. The destination device 510 and / or the receiving wireless communication device 525 may be a UE, a repeater, a relay device, and / or a base station, and other examples. In some aspects, any number of other relay UEs and / or receiving wireless communication devices may be implemented.

[0082] As shown, source device 505 may send communication (e.g., control communication and / or data communication) 530 to relay UE 515. Communication 530 may be addressed to destination device 510. Source device 505 may send communication 535 to relay UE 520. Communication 535 may be a copy of communication 530 or a portion thereof. In some aspects, communication 530 may be a first part of a total communication, and communication 535 may be a second part of a total communication. In this way, the two parts 530 and 535 of the total communication may be reassembled by destination device 510 after being received by destination device 510 to recreate the total communication.

[0083] As shown, relay UE 515 can send communication 530 to receiving wireless communication device 525, and relay UE 520 can send communication 535 to receiving wireless communication device 525. Receiving wireless communication device 525 can send communication 540 to destination device 510 (or another relay device, not shown). Communication 540 can be or includes communication 530, communication 535, and / or an aggregation thereof.

[0084] In some cases, relay UE 515 and relay UE 520 may transmit communications 530 and 535 simultaneously or nearly simultaneously. If relay UE 515 uses a first beam and relay UE 520 uses a second beam with a relatively different direction and / or signal power, as well as other example beam characteristics, the receiving wireless communication device 525 may fail to receive either communication 530 or 535, which could negatively impact network performance. Although the receiving wireless communication device 525 may be equipped with the ability to receive multiple communications using different beams, doing so may unnecessarily reduce efficiency and increase signaling and / or processing overhead.

[0085] Some aspects of the subject matter disclosed herein can provide beam training for coordinated relaying. For example, in some aspects, a receiving wireless communication device can receive a reference signal from each of a plurality of relay UEs and can select a beam at least in part based on one or more measurements associated with the received reference signal. The receiving wireless communication device can send an instruction to each of the relay UEs for the relay UEs to transmit one or more beams and / or beam parameters of their respective relay communications to the receiving wireless communication device.

[0086] In some aspects, the receiving wireless communication device can select a subset of relay UEs from a set of relay UEs, at least in part, based on one or more measurements associated with a reference signal. In other aspects, the receiving wireless communication device can select a subset of beams from a set of beams, at least in part, based on one or more measurements associated with a reference signal. In this way, some aspects of the subject matter disclosed herein can facilitate coordinated beamforming of relay UEs, thereby increasing the likelihood that the receiving wireless communication device will receive relay communications without unnecessarily increasing processing and / or signaling overhead. Therefore, some aspects may have a positive impact on network performance.

[0087] As pointed out above, Figure 5 This is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from the one provided. Figure 5 The example described.

[0088] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating example 600 associated with beam training for coordinated relay according to the present disclosure. Figure 6 As shown, the receiving wireless communication device 605 can communicate with relay UE 610 and relay UE 615. In some aspects, the receiving wireless communication device 605 can be similar to Figure 5 The receiving wireless communication device 525 is shown. In some aspects, relay UE 610 and / or relay UE 615 may be similar to... Figure 5 The relay UE 515 and / or relay UE 520 shown are illustrated. In some aspects, Example 600 may include any number of additional relay UEs, receiving wireless communication devices, source devices, and / or destination devices.

[0089] As indicated by reference numeral 620, the receiving wireless communication device 605 can transmit, and relay UEs 610 and 615 can receive, a training configuration. The training configuration may indicate a reference signal configuration, resource allocation, and / or one or more beam parameters, among other examples. The training configuration may indicate the amount of time resources to be used by relay UEs 610 and 615 to transmit reference signals to the receiving wireless communication device 605. The receiving wireless communication device 605 may transmit the training configuration using RRC messages, MACCE, DCI transmissions, and / or SCI transmissions, among other examples.

[0090] As indicated by reference numeral 625, relay UE 610 and relay UE 615 can transmit and receive multiple beamforming reference signals that wireless communication device 605 can receive. In some aspects, the beamforming reference signals can be associated with a set of time resources used for coordinating beam training for relaying. In some aspects, the beamforming reference signals can be transmitted via a sidelink connection and / or an access link connection. Analog beamforming and / or digital beamforming can be used to beamform the reference signals. In some aspects, receiving wireless communication device 605 can transmit and relay UEs 610 and 615 can receive activation indications associated with the beam training process. Activation indications can be transmitted via RRC messages, MAC CE, DCI transmissions, and / or SCI transmissions.

[0091] As indicated by reference numeral 630, the receiving wireless communication device 605 may determine one or more measurements associated with a reference signal. For example, the one or more measurements may include a standard parasitic exchange format (SPEF) measurement associated with a beamformed reference signal among a plurality of beamformed reference signals, an energy measurement associated with a beamformed reference signal among a plurality of beamformed reference signals, and / or a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) associated with a beamformed reference signal among a plurality of beamformed reference signals. In some aspects, the receiving wireless communication device 605 may determine one or more measurements associated with each of the plurality of reference signals.

[0092] As indicated by reference numeral 635 in the accompanying drawings, the receiving wireless communication device 605 can determine that at least one measurement associated with a plurality of beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria. In this way, the receiving wireless communication device 605 can select a beam and / or determine one or more beam characteristics corresponding to optimal performance.

[0093] In some aspects, the receiving wireless communication device 605 can perform a beam training process having one or more phases. For example, in some aspects, the training configuration transmitted by the receiving wireless communication device 605 can indicate one or more phases. Each of the one or more phases can include a beam under-selection process and / or a UE under-selection process. For example, in a first phase, the receiving wireless communication device 605 can receive a first set of reference signals from relay UEs 610 and 615, and in a second phase, the receiving wireless communication device 605 can receive a second set of reference signals from relay UEs 610 and 615.

[0094] In some aspects, the receiving wireless communication device 605 can transmit gap timing, which indicates the amount of time between a first event and a second event. The gap timing can be used to synchronize the transmission of a reference signal to support one or more training phases. For example, the first event may include at least one of activation or a first training phase, and the second event may include either the first training phase or the second training phase.

[0095] In some aspects, the receiving wireless communication device 605 may perform a UE selection process based at least in part on selecting multiple relay UEs from a large number of multiple relay UEs. The receiving wireless communication device 605 may select multiple relay UEs, for example, based at least in part on one or more performance measurements associated with the large number of multiple UEs. The one or more performance measurements may include one or more measurements associated with the aforementioned reference signal.

[0096] As indicated by reference numeral 640, receiving wireless communication device 605 can transmit, and relay UEs 610 and 615 can receive, an indication of a reference signal index. In some aspects, the reference signal index can indicate a selected beam and / or one or more selected beam characteristics. In some aspects, receiving wireless communication device 605 can transmit the reference signal index based at least in part on a determination that at least one measurement associated with a plurality of beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria. The reference signal index can explicitly or implicitly indicate a beam and / or beam characteristics. For example, in some aspects, the reference signal index can include at least one of the following: a reference signal identifier corresponding to a set of reference signal resources, or a time index corresponding to a time resource in a set of time resources.

[0097] As indicated by reference numeral 645, relay UEs 610 and 615 may determine transmission parameters at least in part based on a reference signal index. For example, transmission parameters may include beam selection, one or more beam characteristics (e.g., beamwidth, beam power, beam direction), pre-encoder selection, and / or beamforming parameter selection, among other examples. As indicated by reference numeral 650, relay UEs 610 and 615 may transmit corresponding communications at least in part based on the respective transmission parameters.

[0098] In some aspects, the transmission parameters associated with relay UE 610 may differ from those associated with relay UE 615. The corresponding transmission parameters for relay UE 610 and relay UE 615 may be selected to facilitate the receiving wireless communication device 605 in simultaneously or at least approximately simultaneously receiving communications using the same or similar beams and / or the same or similar set of beam characteristics. In some aspects, the transmission parameters for relay UE 610 and relay UE 615 may be identical. For example, in some aspects, relay UE 610 and relay UE 615 may encode the corresponding communication instances at least in part based on one or more precoders associated with a reference signal index.

[0099] As pointed out above, Figure 6 This is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from the one provided. Figure 6 The example described.

[0100] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating example 700 associated with beam training for coordinated relay according to the present disclosure. Figure 7 As shown, the relay UE set 705 (shown as relay UE 1, relay UE 2, ..., relay UE K) can communicate with the receiving wireless communication device 710. In some aspects, the receiving wireless communication device 710 can be or is similar to Figure 6 The receiving wireless communication device 605 is shown. In some aspects, the relay UEs in the relay UE set 705 can be or are similar to Figure 6 The relay UE 610 and / or relay UE 615 shown are illustrated. In some aspects, Example 700 may include any number of additional relay UEs, receiving wireless communication devices, source devices, and / or destination devices.

[0101] Example 700 depicts the training process (as described above) Figure 6 Examples of resource allocation during the training process (discussed). As shown, for example, relay UE 1 can be configured to use a first beam 715 to transmit a chain 720 of reference signals (indicated as RS1, RS2, ..., RSK). For example, the chain of reference signals may include a number of different reference signals equal to the number of relay UEs in the relay UE set 705. Similarly, relay UE 2 can be configured to use a second beam 725 to transmit the same chain 730 of reference signals (indicated as RS1, RS2, ..., RSK), and relay UE K can be configured to use a Kth beam 735 to transmit the same chain 740 of reference signals (indicated as RS1, RS2, ..., RSK).

[0102] As shown, each reference signal can be transmitted during a separate time resource (each box shown indicates the allocated time resource). In this way, the receiving wireless communication device 710 can determine one or more measurements associated with each reference signal for each beam during each time resource. The receiving wireless communication device 710 can select the time resources and / or reference signals associated with measurements that meet one or more measurement criteria, and implicitly indicate one or more selected transmission parameters by transmitting an index indicating the time resources and / or reference signals.

[0103] As pointed out above, Figure 7 This is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from the one provided. Figure 7 The example described.

[0104] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example process 800 performed, for example, by a receiving wireless communication device according to this disclosure. Example process 800 is an example in which a receiving wireless communication device (e.g., receiving wireless communication device 605 or 710) performs operations associated with beam training for coordinated relay.

[0105] like Figure 8 As shown, in some aspects, process 800 may include: receiving from a plurality of relay UEs a reference signal for multiple beamforming associated with a set of time resources used for beam training to coordinate relaying (block 810). For example, receiving from a wireless communication device (e.g., using...) Figure 10 The receiving component 1002 described herein can receive multiple beamforming reference signals associated with a set of time resources used for beam training to coordinate relays from multiple relay UEs, as described above.

[0106] like Figure 8 As further shown, in some aspects, process 800 may include: transmitting an indication of a reference signal index indicating a selected beam (box 820) based at least in part on a determination that at least one measurement associated with a plurality of beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria. For example, receiving a wireless communication device (e.g., using...) Figure 10 The transmitting component 1004 described herein may transmit an indication of the index of the reference signal indicating the selected beam, as described above, based at least in part on the determination that at least one measurement associated with the reference signal of the plurality of beamforming satisfies one or more measurement criteria.

[0107] Process 800 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination thereof described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other process descriptions elsewhere described herein.

[0108] In the first aspect, at least one measurement includes at least one of the following: a standard parasitic exchange format measurement associated with a beamforming reference signal among a plurality of beamforming reference signals, an energy measurement associated with a beamforming reference signal among a plurality of beamforming reference signals, or a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio associated with a beamforming reference signal among a plurality of beamforming reference signals.

[0109] In the second aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, process 800 includes: determining that at least one measurement associated with a plurality of beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria.

[0110] In the third aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the reference signal index includes at least one of the following: a reference signal identifier corresponding to the reference signal resource set, or a time index corresponding to a time resource in the time resource set.

[0111] In the fourth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, process 800 includes: receiving multiple communication instances from multiple relay UEs based at least in part on a reference signal index.

[0112] In the fifth aspect, either alone or in combination with the fourth aspect, multiple communication instances are encoded, at least in part, based on one or more precoders associated with a reference signal index.

[0113] In the sixth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, process 800 includes: sending a training configuration to a plurality of relay UEs, wherein the training configuration indicates the number of time resources in a set of time resources.

[0114] In the seventh aspect, either alone or in combination with the sixth aspect, sending training configurations includes: sending RRC messages, MAC CE, DCI transmission, or SCI transmission.

[0115] In the eighth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, process 800 includes: selecting a selected beam based at least in part on a beam training process having at least one stage, wherein the at least one stage includes at least one of a beam-based selection process or a UE-based selection process.

[0116] In the ninth aspect, alone or in combination with the eighth aspect, process 800 includes performing a beam-under-selection process based at least in part on facilitating the selection of a subset of beams in a beam set, wherein the subset of beams includes the selected beams.

[0117] In the tenth aspect, either alone or in combination with the ninth aspect, facilitating the selection of beam subsets includes: sending additional beamforming reference signals to multiple UEs.

[0118] In the eleventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more aspects from the eighth to the tenth aspects, process 800 includes performing a UE selection process based at least in part on one or more performance measurements associated with a larger number of UEs to select multiple UEs from the larger number of UEs.

[0119] In the twelfth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more aspects from the eighth to the eleventh aspects, process 800 includes: transmitting a beam training process configuration indicating at least one stage.

[0120] In aspect thirteen, alone or in combination with aspect twelf, the beam training process includes sending at least one of an RRC message or a MAC CE.

[0121] In the fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more aspects of the twelfth to thirteenth aspects, process 800 includes: sending an activation indication associated with the beam training process via at least one of RRC messages, MAC CE, DCI transmission, or SCI transmission.

[0122] In the fifteenth aspect, alone or in combination with the fourteenth aspect, process 800 includes: sending an interval timing that indicates the amount of time between a first event and a second event, wherein the first event includes at least one of activation or a first training phase, and the second event includes a second training phase.

[0123] In the sixteenth aspect, receiving multiple beamforming reference signals, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifteenth aspects, includes receiving multiple beamforming reference signals via a side link connection.

[0124] In the seventeenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixteenth aspects, process 800 includes: determining at least one measurement associated with a plurality of beamforming reference signals.

[0125] Although Figure 8 An example box of process 800 is shown, but in some aspects, process 800 may include... Figure 8 The boxes depicted in the diagram are compared to additional boxes, fewer boxes, different boxes, or boxes arranged in a different manner. Alternatively, two or more boxes in process 800 may be executed in parallel.

[0126] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example process 900 performed, for example, by a relay UE according to this disclosure. Example process 900 is an example in which a relay UE (e.g., relay UE 610 and / or relay UE 615) performs operations associated with beam training for coordinating relay.

[0127] like Figure 9 As shown, in some aspects, process 900 may include: transmitting to the receiving UE a beamforming reference signal (block 910) from a plurality of beamforming reference signals associated with a time resource set. For example, a relay UE (e.g., using...) Figure 11 The transmitting component 1104 described herein can transmit to the receiving UE a beamforming reference signal among a plurality of beamforming reference signals associated with a time resource set, as described above.

[0128] like Figure 9 As shown, in some aspects, process 900 may include: receiving an indication of a reference signal index indicating a selected beam (box 920) based at least in part on a determination that at least one measurement associated with a plurality of beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria. For example, a relay UE (e.g., using...) Figure 11 The receiving component 1102 depicted herein can receive an indication of the index of the reference signal indicating the selected beam, as described above, based at least in part on the determination that at least one measurement associated with the reference signal of the plurality of beamforming satisfies one or more measurement criteria.

[0129] Process 900 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination thereof described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other process descriptions elsewhere described herein.

[0130] In the first aspect, at least one measurement includes at least one of the following: a standard parasitic exchange format measurement associated with a beamforming reference signal among a plurality of beamforming reference signals, an energy measurement associated with a beamforming reference signal among a plurality of beamforming reference signals, or a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio associated with a beamforming reference signal among a plurality of beamforming reference signals.

[0131] In the second aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, the reference signal index includes at least one of the following: a reference signal identifier corresponding to the set of reference signal resources, or a time index corresponding to a time resource in the set of time resources.

[0132] In the third aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, process 900 includes: transmitting a communication instance of a plurality of communication instances to a receiving UE based at least in part on a reference signal index.

[0133] In the fourth aspect, either alone or in combination with the third aspect, process 900 includes: encoding the communication instance at least in part based on one or more precoders associated with the reference signal index.

[0134] In the fifth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, process 900 includes: receiving a training configuration from a receiving UE, wherein the training configuration indicates the number of time resources in a set of time resources.

[0135] In the sixth aspect, either alone or in combination with the fifth aspect, the receiving training configuration includes: receiving RRC messages, MAC CE, DCI transmission, or SCI transmission.

[0136] In the seventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the selected beam corresponds to the selection of the selected beam based at least in part on a beam training process having at least one stage, wherein the at least one stage includes at least one of a beam-based selection process or a UE-based selection process.

[0137] In the eighth aspect, alone or in combination with the seventh aspect, process 900 includes: receiving an indication of the result of a beam selection process based at least in part on the selection of a subset of beams in a beam set, wherein the subset of beams includes the selected beams.

[0138] In the ninth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more aspects from the seventh to the eighth aspect, the UE selection process is based at least in part on selecting multiple UEs from a large number of UEs based at least in part on one or more performance measurements associated with a large number of multiple UEs.

[0139] In the tenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more aspects from the seventh to the ninth aspect, process 900 includes: receiving a beam training process configuration indicating at least one stage.

[0140] In the eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with the tenth aspect, the receive beam training process includes receiving at least one of an RRC message or a MAC CE.

[0141] In the twelfth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, process 900 includes receiving an activation indication associated with the beam training process via at least one of RRC messages, MAC CE, DCI transmission, or SCI transmission.

[0142] In the thirteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more aspects from the first to the twelfth aspects, process 900 includes: receiving a gap timing that indicates the amount of time between a first event and a second event, wherein the first event includes at least one of activation or a first training phase, and the second event includes a second training phase.

[0143] In the fourteenth aspect, transmitting beamforming reference signals, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to thirteenth aspects, includes transmitting multiple beamforming reference signals via a side link connection.

[0144] Although Figure 9 An example box of process 900 is shown, but in some aspects, process 900 may include... Figure 9 The boxes depicted in the diagram are compared to additional boxes, fewer boxes, different boxes, or boxes arranged in a different manner. Alternatively, two or more boxes in process 900 may be executed in parallel.

[0145] Figure 10 This is a block diagram of an example device 1000 for wireless communication. Device 1000 may be a receiving wireless communication device (e.g., a UE or base station, and other examples), or a receiving wireless communication device may include device 1000. In some aspects, device 1000 includes a receiving component 1002 and a transmitting component 1004, which can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, device 1000 can use the receiving component 1002 and the transmitting component 1004 to communicate with another device 1006 (such as a UE, base station, or another wireless communication device). As further shown, device 1000 may include a determining component 1008.

[0146] In some respects, device 1000 can be configured to perform the functions described herein. Figure 6 And / or one or more operations described in 7. Alternatively or concurrently, the device 1000 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 8 The process 800. In some aspects, the device 1000 and / or Figure 10 One or more components shown may include the above-mentioned components. Figure 2 The described UE and / or base station components, one or more. Alternatively, Figure 10 One or more components shown can be combined with the above. Figure 2The description refers to implementation within one or more components. Alternatively, one or more components in the set of components may be implemented, at least partially, as software stored in memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0147] Receiver 1002 may receive communications from device 1006, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. Receiver 1002 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 1000. In some aspects, receiver 1002 may perform signal processing on the received communications (e.g., filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, and other examples), and may provide the processed signal to one or more other components of device 1006. In some aspects, receiver 1002 may include the combinations described above. Figure 2 The described UE and / or base station includes one or more antennas, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receiver processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof.

[0148] Transmitting component 1004 can transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to device 1006. In some aspects, one or more other components of device 1006 can generate communications and provide the generated communications to transmitting component 1004 for transmission to device 1006. In some aspects, transmitting component 1004 can perform signal processing (e.g., filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, and other examples) on the generated communications and can transmit the processed signals to device 1006. In some aspects, transmitting component 1004 can include the combinations described above. Figure 2 The described UE and / or base station include one or more antennas, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, the transmit component 1004 may be co-located with the receive component 1002 in a transceiver.

[0149] The receiving component 1002 can receive multiple beamforming reference signals associated with a set of time resources used for beam training to coordinate relays from multiple relay UEs. The transmitting component 1004 can transmit an indication of the reference signal index indicating the selected beam based at least in part on a determination that at least one measurement associated with the multiple beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria.

[0150] The determining component 1008 may determine the training configuration, select a chosen beam based on the training process, perform a beam-based selection process, perform a UE-based selection process, and / or determine one or more measurements associated with a beamforming reference signal, among other examples. In some aspects, the determining component 1008 may include the above-described combinations Figure 2 The described UE and / or base station include one or more antennas, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, determining component 1008 may include receive component 1002 and / or transmit component 1004.

[0151] Figure 10 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In reality, they can exist in combination with... Figure 10 The components shown are compared to additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner. Furthermore, Figure 10 The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or Figure 10 The single component shown can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Alternatively, Figure 10 The set (one or more) components shown can perform actions described by Figure 10 The other set of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0152] Figure 11 This is a block diagram of an example device 1100 for wireless communication. Device 1100 may be a relay UE, or a relay UE may include device 1100. In some aspects, device 1100 includes a receiving component 1102 and a transmitting component 1104, which can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, device 1100 can use the receiving component 1102 and the transmitting component 1104 to communicate with another device 1106 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device). As further shown, device 1100 may include a determining component 1108.

[0153] In some respects, device 1100 can be configured to perform the functions described herein. Figure 6 And / or one or more operations described in 7. Alternatively or concurrently, the device 1100 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 9 The process 900. In some aspects, the device 1100 and / or Figure 11 One or more components shown may include the above-mentioned components. Figure 2 One or more components of the UE as described. Alternatively or in addition, Figure 11 One or more components shown can be combined with the above. Figure 2The description refers to implementation within one or more components. Alternatively, one or more components in the set of components may be implemented, at least partially, as software stored in memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0154] Receiver 1102 may receive communications from device 1106, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. Receiver 1102 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 1100. In some aspects, receiver 1102 may perform signal processing on the received communications (e.g., filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, and other examples), and may provide the processed signal to one or more other components of device 1106. In some aspects, receiver 1102 may include the combinations described above. Figure 2 The described UE includes one or more antennas, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receiver processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof.

[0155] Transmitting component 1104 can transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to device 1106. In some aspects, one or more other components of device 1106 can generate communications and provide the generated communications to transmitting component 1104 for transmission to device 1106. In some aspects, transmitting component 1104 can perform signal processing (e.g., filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, and other examples) on the generated communications and can transmit the processed signals to device 1106. In some aspects, transmitting component 1104 can include the combinations described above. Figure 2 The described UE includes one or more antennas, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, the transmit component 1104 may be co-located with the receive component 1102 in a transceiver.

[0156] The transmitting component 1104 can transmit to the receiving UE a beamforming reference signal among a plurality of beamforming reference signals associated with a set of time resources. The receiving component 1102 can receive an indication of the index of the reference signal indicating the selected beam, based at least in part on a determination that at least one measurement associated with the plurality of beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria.

[0157] Component 1108 is defined as capable of handling and implementing beam training processes, determining reference signal parameters, determining timing for transmitting reference signals, and / or performing any number of relay functions, among other examples. In some aspects, component 1108 may include the above-described combinations. Figure 2 The described UE includes one or more antennas, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, determining component 1108 may include receive component 1102 and / or transmit component 1104.

[0158] Figure 11 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In reality, they can exist in combination with... Figure 11 The components shown are compared to additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner. Furthermore, Figure 11 The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or Figure 11 The single component shown can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Alternatively, Figure 11 The set (one or more) components shown can perform actions described by Figure 11 The other set of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0159] The following provides a summary of some aspects of this disclosure:

[0160] Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by a receiving wireless communication device, comprising: receiving from a plurality of relay user equipments (UEs) a plurality of beamforming reference signals associated with a set of time resources for beam training for coordinating relays; and transmitting an indication of a reference signal index indicating a selected beam based at least in part on a determination that at least one measurement associated with the plurality of beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria.

[0161] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, wherein the at least one measurement includes at least one of the following: a standard parasitic exchange format measurement associated with a beamforming reference signal among the plurality of beamforming reference signals, an energy measurement associated with the beamforming reference signal among the plurality of beamforming reference signals, or a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio associated with the beamforming reference signal among the plurality of beamforming reference signals.

[0162] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of Aspect 1 or 2 further includes: determining that at least one measurement associated with the plurality of beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria.

[0163] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-3, wherein the reference signal index includes at least one of the following: a reference signal identifier corresponding to the reference signal resource set, or a time index corresponding to a time resource in the time resource set.

[0164] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-4 further includes: receiving multiple communication instances from the plurality of relay UEs at least in part based on the reference signal index.

[0165] Aspect 6: According to the method of aspect 5, wherein the plurality of communication instances are encoded at least in part based on one or more precoders associated with the reference signal index.

[0166] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-6 further includes: sending a training configuration to the plurality of relay UEs, wherein the training configuration indicates the number of time resources in the time resource set.

[0167] Aspect 8: According to the method of aspect 7, sending the training configuration includes: sending radio resource control messages, media access control control elements, downlink control information transmission, or sidelink control information transmission.

[0168] Aspect 9: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-8 further includes: selecting a selected beam based at least in part on a beam training process having at least one stage, wherein the at least one stage includes at least one of a beam-based selection process or a UE-based selection process.

[0169] Aspect 10: The method according to aspect 9 further includes performing the beam selection process at least in part based on facilitating the selection of a subset of beams in the beam set, wherein the subset of beams includes the selected beams.

[0170] Aspect 11: According to the method of aspect 10, wherein facilitating the selection of the beam subset includes: sending additional beamforming reference signals to the plurality of UEs.

[0171] Aspect 12: The method according to any one of aspects 9-11 further includes: performing the UE selection process based at least in part on one or more performance measurements associated with a larger number of UEs to select the plurality of UEs.

[0172] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of aspects 9-12 further includes: transmitting a beam training process configuration indicating the at least one stage.

[0173] Aspect 14: According to the method of aspect 13, wherein transmitting the beam training process includes: transmitting at least one of a radio resource control message or a medium access control element.

[0174] Aspect 15: The method according to any one of Aspect 13 or 14 further includes: transmitting an activation indication associated with the beam training process via at least one of a radio resource control message, a medium access control element, a downlink control information (DCI) transmission, or a side link control information (SCI) transmission.

[0175] Aspect 16: The method according to aspect 15 further includes: sending an interval timing, the interval timing indicating the amount of time between a first event and a second event, wherein the first event includes at least one of activation or a first training phase, and wherein the second event includes a second training phase.

[0176] Aspect 17: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-16, wherein receiving the plurality of beamforming reference signals comprises: receiving the plurality of beamforming reference signals via a side link connection.

[0177] Aspect 18: The method according to any one of aspects 1-17 further includes: determining the at least one measurement associated with the plurality of beamforming reference signals.

[0178] Aspect 19: A method of wireless communication performed by a relay user equipment (UE), comprising: transmitting to a receiving UE a beamforming reference signal among a plurality of beamforming reference signals associated with a set of time resources; and receiving an indication of a reference signal index indicating a selected beam based at least in part on a determination that at least one measurement associated with the plurality of beamforming reference signals satisfies one or more measurement criteria.

[0179] Aspect 20: The method according to aspect 19, wherein the at least one measurement includes at least one of the following: a standard parasitic exchange format measurement associated with a beamforming reference signal among the plurality of beamforming reference signals, an energy measurement associated with the beamforming reference signal among the plurality of beamforming reference signals, or a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio associated with the beamforming reference signal among the plurality of beamforming reference signals.

[0180] Aspect 21: The method according to any one of Aspects 19 or 20, wherein the reference signal index includes at least one of the following: a reference signal identifier corresponding to a set of reference signal resources, or a time index corresponding to a time resource in the set of time resources.

[0181] Aspect 22: The method according to any one of aspects 19-21 further includes: transmitting a communication instance of a plurality of communication instances to the receiving UE at least in part based on the reference signal index.

[0182] Aspect 23: The method according to aspect 22 further includes: encoding the communication instance at least in part based on one or more precoders associated with the reference signal index.

[0183] Aspect 24: The method according to any one of aspects 19-23 further includes: receiving a training configuration from the receiving UE, wherein the training configuration indicates the number of time resources in the time resource set.

[0184] Aspect 25: According to the method of aspect 24, receiving the training configuration includes: receiving radio resource control messages, media access control control elements, downlink control information transmissions, or sidelink control information transmissions.

[0185] Aspect 26: The method according to any one of Aspects 19-25, wherein the selected beam corresponds to the selection of the selected beam based at least in part on a beam training process having at least one stage, wherein the at least one stage includes at least one of a beam-down selection process or a UE-down selection process.

[0186] Aspect 27: The method according to aspect 26 further includes: receiving an indication of the result of a beam selection process based at least in part on a selection of a subset of beams in a beam set, wherein the subset of beams includes the selected beams.

[0187] Aspect 28: The method according to any one of Aspects 26 or 27, wherein the UE selection process is based at least in part on selecting a plurality of UEs from the plurality of UEs based at least in part on one or more performance measurements associated with a plurality of UEs.

[0188] Aspect 29: The method according to any one of aspects 26-28 further includes: receiving a beam training process configuration indicating the at least one stage.

[0189] Aspect 30: According to the method of aspect 29, wherein receiving the beam training process includes: receiving at least one of a radio resource control message or a medium access control element.

[0190] Aspect 31: The method according to any one of aspects 19-30 further includes receiving an activation indication associated with the beam training process via at least one of a radio resource control message, a medium access control element, a downlink control information (DCI) transmission, or a side link control information (SCI) transmission.

[0191] Aspect 32: The method according to any one of aspects 19-31 further includes: receiving a gap timing, the gap timing indicating an amount of time between a first event and a second event, wherein the first event includes at least one of activation or a first training phase, and wherein the second event includes a second training phase.

[0192] Aspect 33: The method according to any one of aspects 19-32, wherein transmitting the beamforming reference signal comprises: transmitting the plurality of beamforming reference signals via a side link connection.

[0193] Aspect 34: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1-18.

[0194] Aspect 35: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors being configured to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1-18.

[0195] Aspect 36: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one unit for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 1-18.

[0196] Aspect 37: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the methods described in one or more of aspects 1-18.

[0197] Aspect 38: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions which, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more aspects of aspects 1-18.

[0198] Aspect 39: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 19-33.

[0199] Aspect 40: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors being configured to perform the method according to one or more aspects of aspects 19-33.

[0200] Aspect 41: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one unit for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 19-33.

[0201] Aspect 42: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the methods described in one or more of aspects 19-33.

[0202] Aspect 43: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions which, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more aspects of aspects 19-33.

[0203] The foregoing disclosure provides explanations and descriptions, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made based on the foregoing disclosure, or modifications and variations may be derived from practice in the aspects.

[0204] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be interpreted broadly as hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other names, "software" should be interpreted broadly as instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures and / or functions, and other examples. As used herein, processors are implemented using hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that the systems and / or methods described herein can be implemented using various forms of hardware and / or combinations of hardware and software. The actual specialized control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods is not a limitation in any respect. Therefore, while the operation and behavior of systems and / or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, it is to be understood that software and hardware can be designed to implement systems and / or methods, at least in part, based on the descriptions herein.

[0205] As used in this article, depending on the context, satisfying the threshold can refer to a value greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, etc.

[0206] Even if a specific combination of features is recited in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification, such combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of the aspects. In fact, many of these features can be combined in ways that are not specifically recited in the claims and / or specifically disclosed in the specification. While each dependent claim listed below may be directly dependent on only one claim, the disclosure of the aspects includes combinations of each dependent claim with every other claim in the claim set. As used herein, the phrase “at least one of” in the list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. For example, “at least one of a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, and abc, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., aa, aaa, aab, aac, abb, acc, bb, bbb, bbc, cc, and ccc, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0207] No element, action, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or necessary unless explicitly stated otherwise. Furthermore, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items and are interchangeable with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more items referenced in combination with the article “the” and is interchangeable with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “collection” and “group” are intended to include one or more items (e.g., related items, unrelated items, or a combination of related and unrelated items) and are interchangeable with “one or more.” Where only one item is anticipated, the phrase “only one” or similar language is used. Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “has,” “have,” “having,” etc., are intended to be open-ended terms. Furthermore, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “at least partially based on.” Furthermore, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used in a series, and may be used interchangeably with “and / or” unless otherwise expressly stated (e.g., if used in conjunction with “any” or “only one”).

Claims

1. A wireless communication device for wireless communication, comprising: One or more processors and a code storage memory coupled to the one or more processors, wherein the one or more processors, when configured, cause the wireless communication device to: Receive multiple beamforming reference signals associated with a set of time resources used for beam training to coordinate relay from multiple relay user equipment (UEs); Beam selection is based at least in part on a beam training process having at least one stage, wherein the at least one stage includes a selection process under the UE; and The indication of the reference signal index for the selected beam is sent based at least in part on the determination that at least one measurement associated with the reference signal for the plurality of beamforming satisfies one or more measurement criteria. The at least one measurement includes the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio associated with the beamforming reference signal among the plurality of beamforming reference signals.

2. The wireless communication device of claim 1, wherein, The at least one measurement also includes: Energy measurement associated with the beamforming reference signal among the plurality of beamforming reference signals.

3. The wireless communication device according to claim 1, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to: determine that the at least one measurement satisfies the one or more measurement criteria.

4. The wireless communication device according to claim 1, wherein, The reference signal index includes at least one of the following: The reference signal identifier corresponding to the set of reference signal resources, or The time index corresponding to the time resource in the time resource set.

5. The wireless communication device according to claim 1, wherein, The one or more processors are also configured to receive multiple communication instances from the plurality of relay UEs, at least in part based on the reference signal index.

6. The wireless communication device according to claim 5, wherein, The plurality of communication instances are encoded, at least in part, based on one or more precoders associated with the reference signal index.

7. The wireless communication device according to claim 1, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to send a training configuration to the plurality of relay UEs, wherein the training configuration indicates the number of time resources in the time resource set.

8. The wireless communication device according to claim 7, wherein, In order to transmit the training configuration, the one or more processors are configured to: transmit radio resource control messages, media access control control elements, downlink control information transmissions, or sidelink control information transmissions.

9. The wireless communication device according to claim 1, wherein, The at least one stage also includes a beam-down selection process.

10. The wireless communication device according to claim 9, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to perform the beam selection process at least in part based on the selection of a subset of beams in the beam set, wherein the subset of beams includes the selected beam.

11. The wireless communication device according to claim 10, wherein, To facilitate the selection of the beam subset, the one or more processors are configured to send additional beamforming reference signals to the plurality of relay UEs.

12. The wireless communication device according to claim 9, wherein, The one or more processors are also configured to perform the UE selection process based at least in part on the following operation: the plurality of relay UEs are selected from the plurality of relay UEs based at least in part on one or more performance measurements associated with the plurality of relay UEs.

13. The wireless communication device according to claim 9, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to: transmit beam training process configurations indicating the at least one stage.

14. The wireless communication device according to claim 13, wherein, In order to transmit the beam training process, the one or more processors are configured to: transmit at least one of a radio resource control message or a media access control element.

15. The wireless communication device according to claim 13, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to send an activation indication associated with the beam training process via at least one of the following: Radio resource control messages, Media access control control element, Downlink control information (DCI) transmission, or Side link control information (SCI) transmission.

16. The wireless communication device according to claim 15, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to: send an interval timing, the interval timing indicating the amount of time between a first event and a second event, wherein the first event includes at least one of activation or a first training phase, and wherein the second event includes a second training phase.

17. The wireless communication device according to claim 1, wherein, In order to receive the plurality of beamforming reference signals, the one or more processors are configured to receive the plurality of beamforming reference signals via a side link connection.

18. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising: One or more processors and a code storage memory coupled to the one or more processors, wherein the one or more processors, when configured, cause the UE to: Send the beamforming reference signal from among multiple beamforming reference signals associated with a time resource set to the receiving UE; as well as The indication of the reference signal index indicating the selected beam is received based at least in part on the determination that at least one measurement associated with the reference signal for beamforming satisfies one or more measurement criteria. The selected beam corresponds to the selection of the selected beam based at least in part on a beam training process having at least one stage. Wherein, the at least one stage includes a UE-based selection process, and The at least one measurement includes the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio associated with the beamforming reference signal among the plurality of beamforming reference signals.

19. The UE according to claim 18, wherein, The at least one measurement also includes: Energy measurement associated with the beamforming reference signal among the plurality of beamforming reference signals.

20. The UE according to claim 18, wherein, The reference signal index includes at least one of the following: The reference signal identifier corresponding to the set of reference signal resources, or The time index corresponding to the time resource in the time resource set.

21. The UE according to claim 18, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to: transmit a communication instance of a plurality of communication instances to the receiving UE, at least in part, based on the reference signal index.

22. The UE according to claim 21, wherein, The one or more processors are also configured to encode the communication instance at least in part based on one or more precoders associated with the reference signal index.

23. The UE according to claim 18, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to receive a training configuration from the receiving UE, wherein the training configuration indicates the number of time resources in the time resource set.

24. The UE according to claim 18, wherein, The at least one stage also includes a beam-down selection process.

25. The UE according to claim 24, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to receive an indication of the result of the beam selection process based at least in part on the selection of a subset of beams in the beam set, wherein the subset of beams includes the selected beams.

26. The UE according to claim 24, wherein, The UE selection process is based at least in part on selecting multiple relay UEs from the multiple relay UEs based at least in part on one or more performance measurements associated with a large number of multiple relay UEs.

27. A method for wireless communication performed by a wireless communication device, comprising: Receive multiple beamforming reference signals associated with a set of time resources used for beam training to coordinate relay from multiple relay user equipment (UEs); Beam selection is based at least in part on a beam training process having at least one stage, wherein the at least one stage includes a selection process under the UE; and The indication of the reference signal index for the selected beam is sent based at least in part on the determination that at least one measurement associated with the reference signal for the plurality of beamforming satisfies one or more measurement criteria. The at least one measurement includes the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio associated with the beamforming reference signal among the plurality of beamforming reference signals.

28. The method of claim 27, further comprising: Multiple communication instances are received from the plurality of relay UEs, at least in part, based on the reference signal index.

29. A method for wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: Send the beamforming reference signal from among multiple beamforming reference signals associated with a time resource set to the receiving UE; as well as The indication of the reference signal index indicating the selected beam is received based at least in part on the determination that at least one measurement associated with the reference signal for beamforming satisfies one or more measurement criteria. The selected beam corresponds to the selection of the selected beam based at least in part on a beam training process having at least one stage. Wherein, the at least one stage includes a UE-based selection process, and The at least one measurement includes the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio associated with the beamforming reference signal among the plurality of beamforming reference signals.

30. The method of claim 29, further comprising: The communication instances of a plurality of communication instances are sent to the receiving UE at least in part based on the reference signal index.

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