A three-dimensional weaving apparatus and weaving method for a composite variable cross-section annular preform
By using the warp feeding, yarn lifting, weft insertion, and warp winding mechanisms of a three-dimensional weaving equipment, combined with electronic yarn lifting and a yarn separating perforated plate, efficient and high-quality forming of variable cross-section ring preforms is achieved, overcoming the process limitations of traditional equipment and forming large-size complex structures.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NANJING UNIV OF AERONAUTICS & ASTRONAUTICS
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
AI Technical Summary
Traditional three-dimensional weaving and three-dimensional knitting equipment cannot meet the forming requirements of variable cross-section ring preforms. They have process limitations, cannot guarantee fabric uniformity and high forming quality, and are costly.
A three-dimensional weaving machine is adopted, which includes warp feeding, yarn lifting and shedding, weft insertion and warp winding mechanisms. Combined with electronic yarn lifting mechanism and yarn separating plate, it can accurately control warp yarn shedding and weft yarn interlacing. Weft yarn tension management is realized through visual tension monitoring and tension control. The layered warp winding mechanism ensures that the spacing between different layers is consistent.
It has achieved high-quality forming of complex variable cross-section ring preforms, improved weaving efficiency, reduced equipment failure rate, and can form large-size variable cross-section ring preforms, thus solving the process limitations of traditional equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN118007298B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to composite material textile machinery, specifically to a three-dimensional weaving equipment and weaving method for composite material variable cross-section ring preforms. Background Technology
[0002] Three-dimensional weaving, with its high weaving efficiency and forming quality, is currently one of the important methods for forming three-dimensional fabrics. Traditional three-dimensional weaving equipment typically uses single or multiple rapiers for weft insertion, with warp yarns sequentially threaded onto heddles in multiple heddle frames. The up-and-down movement of the heddle frames creates openings between the warp yarns, allowing the warp and weft yarns to interweave and form a three-dimensional preform. This traditional three-dimensional weaving equipment usually produces fabrics with relatively simple structures, often flat pieces, and cannot arbitrarily change the internal structure of the fabric, making it impossible to form fabrics with variable cross-sections. Circular fabrics are typically formed using three-dimensional knitting, but three-dimensional knitted circular preforms are strictly dependent on the knitting mandrel, and the forming size is severely limited by the specifications of the three-dimensional knitting equipment, resulting in high costs. For fabrics with variable cross-sections, it is difficult to ensure fabric uniformity.
[0003] With the increasing demand for variable cross-section ring preforms, and the requirement for large forming size and high forming quality, traditional three-dimensional weaving and three-dimensional knitting equipment cannot meet the needs of this field. The main bottleneck is that traditional three-dimensional weaving and three-dimensional knitting have process limitations on large-size variable cross-section ring preforms, which cannot be overcome. Summary of the Invention
[0004] Purpose of the invention: To address the above-mentioned shortcomings, this invention provides a three-dimensional weaving equipment and weaving method for improving the forming quality and efficiency of composite variable cross-section ring preforms.
[0005] Technical solution: To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts a three-dimensional weaving equipment for composite material variable cross-section ring preforms, including a warp feeding mechanism, a yarn lifting and shedding mechanism, a weft insertion mechanism, a weft beating mechanism, and a warp winding mechanism;
[0006] The yarn lifting and shedding mechanism includes an electronic yarn lifting mechanism and connecting heddles. The connecting heddles have heddle eyes through which the warp yarns pass. The electronic yarn lifting mechanism includes several individually controlled yarn lifting units arranged in an array. Each yarn lifting unit controls the up-and-down movement of one connecting heddle, thereby causing the warp yarns passing through the heddle eyes on the connecting heddle to move up and down to form an opening.
[0007] The warp feeding mechanism is used to feed the warp yarns to the heddle eye;
[0008] The weft insertion mechanism is used to drive the weft yarn through the opening formed by the high and low warp yarns under the action of the yarn lifting and opening mechanism, so that the warp yarn and weft yarn interweave.
[0009] The weft insertion mechanism is located between the yarn lifting and weft shedding mechanism and is used to insert the interlaced warp and weft yarns to the weft sheath; the warp winding mechanism is located on the side of the weft winding mechanism away from the warp feeding mechanism and is used to pull the winding diameter.
[0010] Furthermore, the yarn lifting and opening mechanism's yarn lifting unit is connected to the target heddle wire via a custom rope. The mechanism also includes a yarn separating plate with several distributed yarn separating holes. The custom rope passes through these holes and connects to the heddle wire. The separating plate constrains the distance between the heddle wires. The dimensions of the separating plate and the length of the heddle wire are preset according to the requirements of the composite material variable cross-section annular preform. The electronic yarn lifting mechanism can precisely control the up-and-down movement of the heddle wire corresponding to each hole in the separating plate, thereby causing the warp yarn passing through the heddle eye on the heddle wire to move up and down to form an opening.
[0011] The spacing between the dividing holes on the dividing hole plate is determined by the designed size of the dividing hole plate. Under the premise that the number of dividing holes remains unchanged, the size of the dividing hole plate is designed according to the constraint of the three-dimensional woven composite material variable cross-section ring preform equipment. The connecting heddles in the high degree of freedom yarn lifting and opening mechanism correspond one-to-one with the dividing holes of the dividing hole plate. The length of the connecting heddles is determined by the distance that the warp yarn passing through the heddle eye needs to move up and down.
[0012] The constraints on the size of the dividing plate and the length of the connecting heddles depend on the number of layers of the target preform component of the three-dimensional woven composite variable cross-section annular preform equipment. The size of the dividing plate perpendicular to the width direction and the length of the connecting heddles together determine the opening angle of the upper and lower warp yarns. The size of the dividing plate and the length of the connecting heddles can be designed according to the opening angle required for weaving.
[0013] Furthermore, the warp feeding mechanism includes a yarn storage and feeding mechanism, which comprises several full-length guide bars, a combined tension roller for ensuring warp yarn tension, and a yarn storage frame for storing warp yarn. Both ends of the full-length guide bars are embedded with mounting frames, and a yarn guiding channel is formed between two adjacent full-length guide bars and the mounting frames at both ends of the full-length guide bars. The warp yarn is fed out by the yarn storage frame, taut by the combined tension roller, and then fed out through the yarn guiding channel. The full-length guide bars effectively prevent a single warp yarn from slipping out of the yarn guiding channel due to yarn feeding or unloading during the adjustment process.
[0014] Furthermore, the warp feeding mechanism also includes a yarn separating mechanism, which includes a yarn separating frame and a yarn guiding roller. The yarn separating frame is a rectangular frame with several parallel strips arranged on it. Each pair of adjacent strips forms a yarn separating opening. The warp yarns fed out by the yarn guiding channel pass through the corresponding yarn separating openings according to their type, and then are wound on the yarn guiding roller and then sent to the heddle.
[0015] Furthermore, the weft insertion mechanism includes a yarn-carrying shuttle, a weft feeding and weft-joining mechanism, a weft feeding and weft-joining clamp, and a weft-joining clamp. The weft feeding and weft-joining mechanism drives the weft feeding and weft-joining clamp to move back and forth in the horizontal direction. The weft feeding and weft-joining clamp clamps the yarn-carrying shuttle, and the yarn-carrying shuttle moves back and forth in the horizontal direction with the weft feeding and weft-joining clamp. The weft-joining clamp is located at the farthest end of the yarn-carrying shuttle sent out by the weft feeding and weft-joining clamp. By clamping and releasing the yarn-carrying shuttle through the weft feeding and weft-joining clamp and the weft-joining clamp, the weft yarn on the yarn-carrying shuttle is driven to shuttle through the opening formed by the high and low warp yarns under the action of the yarn lifting and shedding mechanism, so that the warp yarn and weft yarn interweave.
[0016] The weft insertion mechanism controls the weft position of the yarn-carrying shuttle by clamping and releasing the yarn-carrying shuttle connecting rod on both sides, thereby achieving circular weft insertion.
[0017] Furthermore, the weft insertion mechanism also includes a visual tension monitoring mechanism and a tension control mechanism. The visual tension monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the tension of the weft yarn after one round of weft insertion and feed the information back to the tension control mechanism. The tension control mechanism controls the weft yarn tension by controlling the rotation of the yarn-carrying shuttle to take in the yarn.
[0018] Furthermore, the weft insertion mechanism includes a weft insertion frame and a weft insertion power device for driving the weft insertion frame to move. The weft insertion frame includes several parallel weft insertion strips, and the warp yarns passing through the heddle eye pass through the corresponding weft insertion strips.
[0019] Furthermore, the warp winding mechanism includes several traction pressure bars, pressure bar bases for mounting the traction pressure bars, and several winding power devices for driving the pressure bar bases to move. The traction pressure bars are used to fix the warp yarns passing through the yarn separating frame. The pressure bar bases are also provided with yarn guide bolts, which are used to wind the excess warp yarns after they have been fixed by the traction pressure bars.
[0020] The present invention also employs a weaving method for a three-dimensional weaving equipment for composite material variable cross-section ring preforms. According to the required composite material variable cross-section ring preform structure, the warp yarns are fixed on the same traction pressure bar and a set of curling power devices are used to achieve traction and warping, or the warp yarns are fixed on different traction pressure bars respectively and the corresponding curling power devices are used to traction and curl the layered preforms respectively.
[0021] When the warp yarns are fixed on different traction bars but not pulled in layers, the corresponding winding power device controls the speed of the corresponding servo motor to achieve the same length of the wound warp yarns on different traction bars when they need to be wound together.
[0022] When the warp yarns are fixed on different traction bars and pulled in layers, the corresponding winding power device controls the speed of the corresponding servo motor according to the spacing between each layer of the prefabricated body when it is necessary to separate the winding, so as to keep the length difference of the wound warp yarns on different traction bars consistent with the spacing between each layer of the prefabricated body.
[0023] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the significant advantage of this invention is that the yarn lifting and shedding mechanism precisely controls the up and down movement of each warp yarn through the connecting heddles, resulting in a variety of weaving patterns formed by the warp yarns. This lays the foundation for realizing complex variable cross-section prefabricated structures, effectively solving the problem that traditional three-dimensional weaving equipment is difficult to weave variable cross-section ring prefabricated structures, improving weaving quality and ensuring weaving efficiency. The yarn storage and feeding mechanism uses a full-length guide bar, which effectively prevents a single warp yarn from slipping out of the guide channel during the yarn feeding and unloading process, thus affecting the weaving quality, reducing the failure rate and improving weaving efficiency. The circular weft insertion mechanism can freely control the weft insertion position of the yarn-carrying shuttle through the weft feeding and splicing mechanism, ensuring that the weft yarn remains continuous in the preform, enabling three-dimensional weaving of the circular preform. The layered traction warp winding mechanism achieves layered warp winding according to different preform structures, ensuring neat weave positions and greatly improving the weaving quality. The equipment proposed in this invention can effectively form a large-size variable cross-section circular preform structure in one piece, achieving high forming quality while maintaining a small equipment size, thus alleviating market demand for one-piece formed large-size variable cross-section circular components. Attached Figure Description
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the three-dimensional weaving equipment of the present invention.
[0025] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the yarn storage and warp feeding mechanism in this invention.
[0026] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the yarn-splitting mechanism in this invention.
[0027] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the high-degree-of-freedom yarn lifting and opening mechanism in this invention.
[0028] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the weft insertion mechanism in this invention.
[0029] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the ring weft insertion mechanism in this invention.
[0030] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the layered traction winding mechanism in this invention. Detailed Implementation
[0031] like Figure 1As shown, a three-dimensional weaving device for a composite material variable cross-section ring preform in this embodiment includes a yarn storage and feeding mechanism 1, a yarn separating mechanism 2, a weaving frame mechanism 3, a high-degree-of-freedom yarn lifting and shedding mechanism 4, a weft insertion mechanism 5, a ring weft insertion mechanism 6, and a layered traction and warp winding mechanism 7. The weaving frame mechanism 3 is the actual location where the warp and weft yarns interweave, serving as a bridge connecting the various mechanisms. The high-degree-of-freedom yarn lifting and shedding mechanism 4 is fixed above the weaving frame mechanism 3. The ring weft insertion mechanism 6 is located above the weaving frame mechanism 3, close to the high-degree-of-freedom yarn lifting and shedding mechanism 4. The yarn separating mechanism 2 is adjacent to the weaving frame mechanism 3, located on the side of the high-degree-of-freedom yarn lifting and shedding mechanism 4 away from the ring weft insertion mechanism 6. The layered traction and warp winding mechanism 7 is located not far from the other side of the weaving frame mechanism 3. The weft insertion mechanism 5 is located between the high-degree-of-freedom yarn lifting and shedding mechanism 4 and the ring weft insertion mechanism 6.
[0032] The warp yarns originate from the yarn storage frame of the yarn storage and feeding mechanism, pass through the combined tension rollers, pass between adjacent full-length guide bars, pass through the corresponding yarn separating frame of the yarn separating mechanism, pass through the guide rollers, and then pass onto the connecting heddles of the corresponding high-degree-of-freedom yarn lifting and shedding mechanism. They then pass through the yarn separating and weft-beating frame of the weft-beating mechanism, and are finally fixed to the traction pressure bar of the layered traction and warp winding mechanism. The weft yarns are wound on the yarn-carrying shuttle of the circular weft-introduction mechanism. The high-degree-of-freedom yarn lifting and shedding mechanism drives the required warp yarns to move vertically up and down to form the weft opening. The circular weft-introduction mechanism then drives the weft yarns to move horizontally back and forth freely, interweaving with the warp yarns. This ensures the continuous movement of the weft yarns within the prefabricated fabric, thus forming a circular fabric. The high-degree-of-freedom yarn lifting and shedding mechanism allows for the lifting of warp yarns at any position and in any quantity, while also solving the problems of simple prefabricated structures and bulky equipment caused by traditional heddle frame yarn lifting. The layered traction and warp winding mechanism can separate and curl different layers of the layered prefabricated fabric, enabling the weaving of large-size, complex, variable-section circular three-dimensional woven prefabricated structures, improving the quality and efficiency of three-dimensional woven forming.
[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the yarn storage and feeding mechanism 1 includes a full-length yarn guide bar 101, a combined tension roller 102, and a yarn storage frame 103. Both ends of the full-length yarn guide bar 101 are embedded in the mounting frame. A yarn guiding channel is formed between two adjacent full-length yarn guide bars 101 and the mounting frames at both ends of the full-length yarn guide bar 101. The full-length yarn guide bar 101 of the yarn storage and feeding mechanism 1 can effectively prevent a single warp yarn from slipping out of the yarn guiding channel due to the yarn feeding and unloading during the debugging process. The warp yarn is fed out from the yarn storage frame 103, first passes through the combined tension roller 102 to maintain a certain tension when the yarn is straightened, and then passes through the yarn guiding channel formed by the two full-length yarn guide bars 101.
[0034] like Figure 3As shown, the yarn separating mechanism 2 includes a yarn separating frame 201 and a yarn guide roller 202. The yarn separating frame 201 is a rectangular frame, which is divided into several parts by multiple strips 203. The strips 203 are arranged in parallel, and each pair of adjacent strips 203 forms a yarn separating opening. The warp yarns fed from the yarn storage and feeding mechanism 1 pass through a certain yarn separating opening on the yarn separating frame 201 according to their type, and then are wound on the yarn guide roller 202 according to the corresponding pattern.
[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the high-degree-of-freedom yarn lifting and opening mechanism 4 includes an electronic yarn lifting mechanism 401, a yarn dividing plate 402, and connecting heddles 403. The yarn lifting and opening mechanism 401 has a large number of individually controlled yarn lifting units arranged in an array. The target connecting heddles 403 are connected by custom ropes 405. Each custom rope 405 passes through the corresponding dividing hole 406 on the custom dividing plate 402. The electronic yarn lifting mechanism 401 can precisely control the up and down movement of the connecting heddles 403 corresponding to each hole of the dividing plate 402 through the dividing plate 402, thereby driving the warp yarns passing through the heddle eyes 404 on the connecting heddles 403 to move up and down to form an opening.
[0036] The spacing between the dividing holes on the dividing plate is determined by the designed dividing plate size. Under the premise that the number of dividing holes remains unchanged, the size of the dividing plate is designed according to the constraints of the three-dimensional woven composite variable cross-section annular preform equipment. The connecting heddles in the high-degree-of-freedom yarn lifting and opening mechanism correspond one-to-one with the dividing holes of the dividing plate. The length of the connecting heddles is determined by the distance that the warp yarn passing through the heddle needs to move up and down. The constraints of the dividing plate size and the length of the connecting heddles depend on the number of layers of the target preform component of the three-dimensional woven composite variable cross-section annular preform equipment. The size of the dividing plate perpendicular to the width direction and the length of the connecting heddles together determine the opening angle of the upper and lower warp yarns. The size of the dividing plate and the length of the connecting heddles can be designed according to the opening angle required for weaving.
[0037] like Figure 5 As shown, the weft insertion mechanism 5 includes a yarn separating and weft insertion frame 501 and a weft insertion power device 502. After the warp yarn passes through the heddle eye 404 of the connecting heddle wire 403 of the high degree of freedom yarn lifting and opening mechanism 4, it passes through the yarn separating frame of the yarn separating and weft insertion frame 501. The weft insertion power device 502 sets the weft insertion distance according to the needs of different components. During weft insertion, the interlaced warp and weft yarns are inserted to the weft end.
[0038] like Figure 6As shown, the annular weft insertion mechanism 6 includes a yarn-carrying shuttle 601, a weft feeding and weft-joining mechanism 602, a visual tension monitoring mechanism 603, a tension control mechanism 604, a weft feeding and weft-joining gripper 605, yarn-carrying shuttle connecting rods 606 on both sides of the yarn-carrying shuttle 601, and a weft-joining gripper on the frame. The weft feeding and weft-joining mechanism 602 drives the weft feeding and weft-joining gripper 605 to move back and forth in the horizontal direction. The weft feeding and weft-joining gripper 605 clamps the yarn-carrying shuttle 601, and the yarn-carrying shuttle 601 moves back and forth in the horizontal direction with the weft feeding and weft-joining gripper 605. The weft-joining gripper is located at the farthest end of the yarn-carrying shuttle 601 that the weft feeding and weft-joining gripper 605 has sent out. When the weft feeding and weft-joining gripper 605 sends the yarn-carrying shuttle 601 to the farthest end, the weft-joining gripper clamps the yarn-carrying shuttle 601. Simultaneously, the weft feed and weft insertion jaws 605 release the yarn-carrying shuttle 601. When it is necessary to reconnect the yarn-carrying shuttle 601, the weft feed and weft insertion mechanism 602 drives the weft feed and weft insertion jaws 605 to the farthest end to clamp the yarn-carrying shuttle 601. At the same time, the weft insertion jaws release the yarn-carrying shuttle 601, and the weft feed and weft insertion jaws 605 reconnect the yarn-carrying shuttle 601. The weft feed and weft insertion mechanism 602 enables the yarn-carrying shuttle 601 to move freely back and forth horizontally, thereby driving the weft yarn on the yarn-carrying shuttle 601 to shuttle through the opening formed by the high and low warp yarns of the high-degree-of-freedom yarn lifting and opening mechanism 4, so that the warp yarn and weft yarn interweave. The weft insertion mechanism controls the weft position of the yarn-carrying shuttle by clamping and releasing the yarn-carrying shuttle connecting rod on both sides, thereby realizing circular weft insertion.
[0039] The weft yarn on the shuttle is passively fed out. After the weft feeding and weft insertion mechanism completes one revolution of weft insertion, the visual tension monitoring mechanism fixed on the weft frame analyzes the tension of the weft yarn after one revolution and feeds the information back to the tension control mechanism. The tension control mechanism controls the weft yarn tension by controlling the rotation of the shuttle to take in the yarn. The circular weft insertion mechanism shuttles back and forth between the upper and lower warp openings formed by the high-degree-of-freedom warp lifting and shedding mechanism to insert the weft. The design dimensions of the circular weft insertion mechanism and the warp opening angle of the high-degree-of-freedom warp lifting and shedding mechanism are mutually constrained. Adjusting the distance between the circular weft insertion mechanism and the high-degree-of-freedom warp lifting and shedding mechanism can balance the relationship between the two.
[0040] like Figure 7 As shown, the layered traction warp winding mechanism 7 includes multiple traction pressure bars 701 and multiple winding power devices 702. After the warp yarn passes through the yarn separating frame of the weft insertion mechanism 5, it is fixed to the traction pressure bar 701. The rear end of the traction pressure bar is fixed with a yarn guide bolt 703. The excess warp yarn after fixing can be wound around the yarn guide bolt 703 to avoid the excess warp yarn from having an unnecessary impact on the weaving process.
[0041] The layered traction warp winding mechanism, based on the required woven prefabricated structure, fixes the warp yarns to the same traction pressure bar and uses a set of winding power devices to achieve traction warp winding, or fixes the warp yarns to two traction pressure bars respectively and uses corresponding winding power devices to separately traction and wind the layered prefabricated structure. When traction is not layered, the corresponding winding power device 702 must strictly control the speed of the two servo motors 704 when they need to wind together, so that the length of the wound warp yarns is consistent after the two reducers 705 cooperate. When traction is layered, the corresponding winding power device must strictly control the speed of the two servo motors 704 according to the spacing between each layer of the layered prefabricated structure, so that the length difference of the wound warp yarns is consistent with the spacing between each layer of the layered prefabricated structure after the two reducers 705 cooperate, thereby achieving the purpose of integrating the weave of the multi-layered prefabricated structure.
[0042] The working process of the three-dimensional weaving equipment in this embodiment is as follows:
[0043] First, according to the designed prefabricated fabric structure, the warp yarns are manually threaded in sequence. Starting from the yarn storage frame 103 of the yarn storage and feeding mechanism 1, the warp yarns pass through the combined tension roller 102, between adjacent full-length guide bars 101, through the corresponding two strips 203 on the yarn separating frame 201 of the yarn separating mechanism 2, and then shuttle through the guide roller 202. They then pass through the heddle eye 404 of the connecting heddle wire 403 controlled by the electronic yarn lifting mechanism 401 in the corresponding high-degree-of-freedom yarn lifting opening mechanism 4, through the yarn separating plate 402, and then through the yarn separating weft frame 501 of the weft-injection mechanism 5. Finally, they are fixed to the guide bolt 703 on the traction pressure bar 701 of the layered traction warp winding mechanism 7. The weft yarns are pre-wound on the yarn-carrying shuttle 601 of the annular weft insertion mechanism 6.
[0044] Then, the high-degree-of-freedom yarn lifting and shedding mechanism 4 drives the required warp yarns to move vertically up and down to form a weft opening. Next, the weft feeding and receiving mechanism 602 of the circular weft insertion mechanism 6 drives the yarn-carrying shuttle 601 to move horizontally back and forth freely. The weft feeding and receiving claws 605 on both sides clamp and release the yarn-carrying shuttle receiving rod 606, controlling the weft position of the yarn-carrying shuttle 601 and sending it to the desired position. Then, the yarn lifting and shedding mechanism 4 drives the warp yarns to move up and down, and the weft feeding and receiving claws 605 retrieve the yarn-carrying shuttle 601, achieving interlacing between the weft yarn on the yarn-carrying shuttle 601 and the shedding warp yarns. After one layer of warp and weft yarn interlacing is completed, the weft-beating power device 502 of the beat-up mechanism 5 operates, pushing the yarn-separating beat-up frame 501 to move multiple... The warp and weft yarns, interwoven together, are wefted to the weft insertion position. After the weft insertion is held for several seconds, the weft insertion power device 502 returns with the yarn separating weft insertion frame 501. Depending on the number of layers of the prefabricated fabric, after all layers of interwoven weft insertion are completed in the same weft yarn column along the weaving direction of the prefabricated fabric length, the servo motor 704 of the layered traction warp winding mechanism 7 drives the winding power device 702 through the reducer 705, causing the warp yarns on the traction pressure rod 701 to be wound, so that the next weft yarn column enters the weft insertion position. At the same time, this winding action will also drive the warp yarn storage frame 103 of the yarn storage and feeding mechanism 1 to output yarn. According to the design of different layers and structures of the prefabricated fabric, after the above interwoven forming cycle, the prefabricated fabric is finally formed.
[0045] The circular weft insertion mechanism 6 enables the weft yarn to run continuously in the prefabricated fabric. The high-degree-of-freedom yarn lifting and opening mechanism 4 enables the warp yarn to be lifted at any position and in any quantity. At the same time, it can solve the problem of the prefabricated structure being simple and the equipment being bulky due to the traditional heald frame yarn lifting. The layered traction warp winding mechanism 7 can separate and curl the different layers of the layered prefabricated fabric. Through the prefabricated fabric structure design and the forming action of each mechanism, it is possible to weave large-size complex variable cross-section circular three-dimensional woven prefabricated fabric.
Claims
1. A three-dimensional weaving device for composite material variable cross-section ring preforms, characterized in that, It includes a warp feeding mechanism, a yarn lifting and shedding mechanism (4), a weft insertion mechanism (6), a weft beating mechanism (5), and a warp winding mechanism (7). The yarn lifting and opening mechanism (4) includes an electronic yarn lifting mechanism (401) and a connecting heddle wire (403). The connecting heddle wire (403) is provided with heddle eye (404) through which the warp yarn passes. The electronic yarn lifting mechanism (401) includes a number of individually controlled arrayed yarn lifting units. Each yarn lifting unit controls the up and down movement of a connecting heddle wire (403), thereby driving the warp yarn passing through the heddle eye (404) on the connecting heddle wire (403) to move up and down to form an opening. The warp feeding mechanism is used to feed the warp yarn to the heddle eye (404). The weft insertion mechanism (6) is used to drive the weft yarn through the opening formed by the high and low warp yarns driven by the yarn lifting and opening mechanism (4), so that the warp yarn and weft yarn interweave; the weft insertion mechanism (6) includes a yarn-carrying shuttle (601), a weft feeding and weft-joining mechanism (602), a weft feeding and weft-joining clamp (605) and a weft-joining clamp. The weft feeding and weft-joining mechanism (602) drives the weft feeding and weft-joining clamp (605) to move back and forth in the horizontal direction, and the weft feeding and weft-joining clamp (605) clamps the yarn-carrying shuttle (601). 01), the yarn-carrying shuttle (601) moves back and forth in the horizontal direction with the weft feeding and weft receiving clamp (605). The weft receiving clamp is located at the farthest end of the yarn-carrying shuttle (601) sent out by the weft feeding and weft receiving clamp (605). Through the clamping and releasing of the yarn-carrying shuttle (601) by the weft feeding and weft receiving clamp (605) and the weft receiving clamp, the weft yarn on the yarn-carrying shuttle (601) is driven to shuttle through the opening formed by the high and low warp yarns under the action of the yarn lifting and opening mechanism (4), so that the warp yarn and weft yarn interweave. The weft insertion mechanism (6) also includes a visual tension monitoring mechanism (603) and a tension control mechanism (604). The visual tension monitoring mechanism (603) is used to monitor the tension of the weft yarn after one weft insertion and feed the information back to the tension control mechanism (604). The tension control mechanism (604) controls the weft yarn tension by controlling the rotation of the yarn-carrying shuttle (601) to take in the yarn. The weft insertion mechanism (5) is located between the yarn lifting and opening mechanism (4) and the weft insertion mechanism (6), and is used to insert the interlaced warp and weft yarns to the weft opening. The warp winding mechanism (7) is located on the side of the weft insertion mechanism (6) away from the warp delivery mechanism and is used to pull the warp diameter.
2. The three-dimensional weaving equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The yarn lifting unit of the yarn lifting opening mechanism (4) is connected to the target connecting heddle wire (403) via a custom rope (405); the yarn lifting opening mechanism (4) also includes a yarn separating plate (402), on which a plurality of yarn separating holes (406) are arranged in a row, the custom rope (405) passes through the yarn separating holes (406) and connects to the connecting heddle wire (403), and the yarn separating plate (402) is used to constrain the spacing between multiple connecting heddle wires (403).
3. The three-dimensional weaving equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dimensions of the dividing hole plate and the length of the connecting wire (403) are preset according to the requirements of the composite material variable cross-section annular preform.
4. The three-dimensional weaving equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The warp feeding mechanism includes a yarn storage and feeding mechanism (1), which includes several full-length yarn guides (101), a combined tension roller (102) for ensuring warp tension, and a yarn storage rack (103) for storing warp. Both ends of the full-length yarn guides (101) are embedded in the mounting frame, and a yarn guiding channel is formed between two adjacent full-length yarn guides (101) and the mounting frames at both ends of the full-length yarn guides (101). The warp is fed out by the yarn storage rack, straightened by the combined tension roller (102), and then fed out through the yarn guiding channel.
5. The three-dimensional weaving equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The warp feeding mechanism also includes a yarn separating mechanism (2), which includes a yarn separating frame (201) and a yarn guiding roller (202). The yarn separating frame is a rectangular frame, and several parallel strips (203) are arranged on the yarn separating frame. Each pair of adjacent strips (203) forms a yarn separating opening. The warp yarns sent out by the yarn guiding channel pass through the corresponding yarn separating openings according to their type, and then are wound on the yarn guiding roller (202) and then sent to the heddle eye (404).
6. The three-dimensional weaving equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weft insertion mechanism (5) includes a weft insertion frame (501) and a weft insertion power device (502) for driving the weft insertion frame (501) to move. The weft insertion frame (501) includes several parallel weft insertion strips, and the warp yarns passing through the heddle eye pass through the corresponding weft insertion strips.
7. The three-dimensional weaving equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The warp winding mechanism (7) includes several traction pressure bars (701), pressure bar bases for mounting the traction pressure bars (701), and several winding power devices (702) for driving the pressure bar bases to move. The traction pressure bars (701) are used to fix the warp yarns passing through the yarn separating frame. The pressure bar bases are also provided with yarn guide bolts (703), which are used to wind the excess warp yarns after they have been fixed by the traction pressure bars.
8. A weaving method for a three-dimensional weaving device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, According to the required composite material variable cross section annular prefabricated structure, the warp yarns are fixed on the same traction pressure bar and a set of curling power device (702) is used to achieve traction and warping, or the warp yarns are fixed on different traction pressure bars (701) respectively and the corresponding curling power device (702) is used to traction and curl the layered prefabricated body respectively. When the warp yarns are fixed on different traction bars (701) but not pulled in layers, the corresponding winding power device (702) controls the speed of the corresponding servo motor (704) to make the length of the wound warp yarns on different traction bars (701) consistent when they need to be wound together. When the warp yarns are fixed on different traction bars (701) and pulled in layers, the corresponding curling power device (702) controls the speed of the corresponding servo motor (704) according to the spacing between each layer of the layered preform when it is necessary to separate the curling, so as to keep the length difference of the curled warp yarns on different traction bars (701) consistent with the spacing between each layer of the layered preform.