Preparation method and application of low-temperature electrolyte based on lithium difluorooxalatoborate

By adopting a low-temperature electrolyte preparation method based on lithium difluoroxalate borate in lithium batteries, the problem of the decrease in the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte in the low-temperature environment of lithium batteries is solved, and the excellent electrochemical performance and high cycle stability of the battery are achieved at low temperatures.

CN118156597BActive Publication Date: 2025-03-28HARBIN UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202410365883.X
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2024-03-28
Publication Date
2025-03-28
Estimated Expiration
2044-03-28

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Lithium batteries show problems such as the decrease in the ion conductivity of the electrolyte, the slow charge transfer process, and the slow ion transport of the interface phase in the low temperature environment, making it difficult to meet the energy storage needs in the fields of polar scientific research, military equipment and deep space exploration.

Method used

The preparation method of low-temperature electrolyte based on lithium difluoroxalate borate is adopted. By adding carboxylic acid ester solvent and cyclic carbonate to the solvent, combined with an appropriate amount of film-forming additives, an electrolyte with high lithium ion conductivity and good chemical and electrochemical stability is formed.

Benefits of technology

The excellent electrochemical performance of the battery is achieved at low temperatures, high discharge specific capacity and cycle stability are maintained, suitable for high load positive electrode materials, and has high safety and adaptability.

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Abstract

A preparation method and application of a low-temperature electrolyte based on lithium difluorooxalate borate, which relates to a preparation method and application of a low-temperature electrolyte. The principle that the low-temperature electrolyte based on lithium difluorooxalate borate prepared by the present invention can be used at low temperatures is that carboxylic acid ester solvents and cyclic carbonates are used to replace linear carbonate solvents, and the carboxylic acid ester organic solvent is a polar solvent containing a C=O polar group, which can effectively dissolve lithium salts; the present invention adds an appropriate amount of carboxylic acid ester solvent to the cyclic carbonate solvent to reduce the melting point and viscosity of the electrolyte, thereby achieving excellent electrochemical performance at low temperatures, and by adding a small amount of film-forming additives, a good SEI / CEI film can be formed, so that lithium ions can enter and exit freely, while solvent molecules are difficult to pass through, maintaining the performance stability of the electrode material, and improving the battery capacity and cycle performance. A low-temperature electrolyte based on lithium difluorooxalate borate is used in lithium metal batteries.
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