A physical model test device and system for highway landslide caused by rear-end water collection

Abstract

The present invention discloses a physical model test device and system for highway landslide caused by rear-end water collection, and relates to the technical field of landslide simulation test. The device comprises a model box, a slope model, a highway rear-end water collection model and a computer module. The slope model comprises a rock mass, a sliding body and a curtain material. The curtain material is used to simulate a preset sliding surface. The highway rear-end water collection model comprises a rear-end water collection module and a highway module. A fracture is provided in the middle of the highway module, and a drainage ditch is provided on one side of the highway module. The present invention combines the slope model, the curtain material and the highway rear-end water collection model to achieve the simulation of landslide instability caused by highway rear-end water collection, and has a clear and intuitive analysis of the whole landslide process. At the same time, the environment of the actual highway slope in the rear-end water collection test can be simulated in the highway rear-end water collection test, so as to make the test results as objective and accurate as possible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of landslide simulation test, in particular to a physical model test device and system for highway landslide caused by rear-end water collection. Background Art

[0002] According to statistics, the mileage of expressways in my country has reached 177,000 kilometers, ranking first in the world. The different water collection conditions caused by the mountains at the rear end of the expressways on artificial slopes are a factor that cannot be ignored for their normal, safe and stable operation. The stability of the expressway slopes under the influence of short-term heavy rainfall and water collection from the rear mountain should be one of the important factors to consider in the long-term safety of expressway projects in special sections. The slide of the expressway slope occurs during rainfall, when rainwater enters the green belt in the middle of the expressway through the water collection from the rear mountain, and then penetrates into the slope, weakening the rock strength near the corresponding sliding surface inside the slope. After a certain period of action, the slope finally slides. This mountain water collection in heavy rainfall poses a huge challenge to the construction of my country's mountain expressways as an infrastructure. Therefore, the process of slope landslide induced by water collection from the rear end of the expressway is one of the key issues that need to be urgently solved in the current research on the stability of expressway slopes.

[0003] Most of the current slope test devices place the slope directly in an independent space, without simulating the different water collection conditions at the rear end and the impact of the actual roadbed model of the highway. As a result, when the slope is affected by seepage, it is impossible to simulate the actual impact of the water collection conditions at the rear end of the highway. The research on the landslide mechanism fails to consider the influence of relevant conditions, which is inconsistent with the actual engineering conditions. In view of the above reasons, there is an urgent need to provide a test device for observing the landslide process induced by water collection at the rear end of the highway throughout the whole process. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a physical model test device and system for highway landslide caused by rear-end water collection, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] In the first aspect, a physical model test device for highway landslide caused by rear-end water collection is designed, comprising a model box, a slope model, a highway rear-end water collection model and a computer module, wherein the slope model comprises a rock mass, a sliding body and a curtain material, and the curtain material is used to simulate a preset sliding surface, and the highway rear-end water collection model comprises a rear-end water collection module and a highway module, a fracture is arranged in the middle of the highway module, and a drainage ditch is arranged on one side of the highway module, the highway module is installed on the top of the slope model, and one end of the highway module is connected to the rear-end water collection module by bolts, a sprinkler is arranged on the top side of the model box, and the top of the sprinkler is connected to a comprehensive water pump through a hose, a high-speed camera and a three-dimensional laser scanner are respectively installed on the top inner wall and one side inner wall of the model box, and an adjustment base is installed at the bottom of the model box.

[0007] Furthermore, the adjustment base includes a bottom plate, and a first support rod and a second support rod are symmetrically installed on the top surface of the bottom plate, and the top ends of the first support rod and the second support rod are hinged to the bottom surface of the model box.

[0008] Furthermore, the curtain material is located between the rock mass and the sliding body, and the curtain material is provided with strain gauges, seepage sensors and pore water pressure sensors.

[0009] Furthermore, the sprinkler device is located above the rear end water collection module, and a rain intensity sensor is installed at the rear end of the sprinkler device.

[0010] Furthermore, the comprehensive water pump is provided with a water inlet pipe, and the water inlet pipe is used to provide an outlet water source for the comprehensive water pump.

[0011] Furthermore, a mounting plate is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the model box, and the slope simulation system is located on the mounting plate. A first drainage outlet is opened on the surface of one side of the model box located above the mounting plate, and a second drainage outlet is opened at the bottom of the other side of the model box.

[0012] Furthermore, the back-end water catchment model is composed of an upper and lower part, the upper part is used to simulate the water catchment environment, and the lower part is a rectangular parallelepiped for connecting with the highway module.

[0013] Furthermore, the curtain material, the rain intensity sensor, the high-speed camera, the three-dimensional laser scanner, the first support rod, the second support rod and the integrated water pump are all connected to the computer module.

[0014] Secondly, a physical model test system for highway landslides caused by rear-end water collection is designed based on the above-mentioned physical model test device for highway landslides caused by rear-end water collection.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] A physical model test device and system for highway landslide caused by rear-end water collection combines slope model, curtain material and highway rear-end water collection model to simulate the landslide instability caused by highway rear-end water collection, and provide a clear and intuitive analysis of the whole landslide process.

[0017] At the same time, the environment to which the actual highway slope is subjected in the rear end water catchment test can be simulated in the rear end water catchment test of the highway, so as to make the test results as objective and accurate as possible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a simulation device for a highway rear end water collection-induced slope landslide provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A perspective view of the middle and rear end water collection modules;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Rear view of the middle and rear end water collection module;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A perspective view of the mid-highway module;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Side view of the mid-highway module;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Perspective view of the center curtain material;

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Side view of the center curtain material.

[0025] In the figure: 1. rear-end water collection module; 2. highway module; 3. curtain material; 4. sliding body; 5. rock mass; 6. sprinkler; 7. rain intensity sensor; 8. high-speed camera; 9. 3D laser scanner; 10. integrated water pump; 11. water inlet pipe; 12. first support rod; 13. second support rod; 14. first drainage outlet; 15. second drainage outlet; 16. drainage ditch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The invention provides a physical model test device and system for highway landslide caused by rear-end water collection. The model box is fixed on two support rods, and the box is equipped with corresponding test devices and monitoring equipment. The test device uses a fixed highway model as a reference, and a drainage ditch consistent with the actual project is dug inside, and is connected with the corresponding water collection model. Rock mass used for the test and a curtain for assuming a sliding surface with monitoring devices such as strain gauges, seepage sensors, and pore water pressure sensors are loaded below the highway model, and a sprinkler is arranged above to simulate long-term precipitation, short-term heavy precipitation and other environments. A high-speed camera, a three-dimensional laser scanner and other devices are also arranged inside the box, which can simulate and monitor the process of slope landslide induced by rear-end water collection of the highway.

[0028] like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a physical model test device for highway landslide caused by rear-end water collection, comprising a model box, a slope model, a highway rear-end water collection model and a computer module, the slope model comprising a rock mass 5, a sliding body 4 and a curtain material 3, the curtain material 3 is used to simulate a preset sliding surface, the highway rear-end water collection model comprises a rear-end water collection module 1 and a highway module 2, a fracture is arranged in the middle of the highway module 2, and a drainage ditch 16 is arranged on one side of the highway module 2, the highway module 2 is installed on the top of the slope model, one end of the highway module 2 is connected to the rear-end water collection module 1 by bolts, a sprinkler 6 is arranged on the top side of the model box, and the top of the sprinkler 6 is connected to a comprehensive water pump 10 by a hose, a high-speed camera 8 and a three-dimensional laser scanner 9 are respectively installed on the top inner wall and one side inner wall of the model box, and an adjustment base is installed at the bottom of the model box.

[0029] It should be noted that the model box is a rectangular container made of transparent material, the rear end water collection module 1 is replaceable, the high-speed camera 8 and the three-dimensional laser scanner 9 record the real-time status of the sliding body from different angles, and the drainage ditch 16 is arranged at the connection between the inner side of the highway module 2 and the rear end water collection model 1, which is used to restore the actual drainage situation of the highway in contact with the mountain inside.

[0030] The adjusting base comprises a bottom plate, on the top surface of which are mounted a symmetrically distributed first support rod 12 and a second support rod 13, the top ends of which are both hinged to the bottom surface of the model box.

[0031] It should be noted that the first support rod 12 and the second support rod 13 are arranged at the bottom of the model box and are connected to the computer module. The lengths of the first support rod 12 and the second support rod 13 can be controlled by the computer module respectively, so as to adjust the overall angle of the test box, provide more configurable environmental conditions for the experiment, and facilitate simulation of real scenes.

[0032] The curtain material 3 is located between the rock mass 5 and the sliding body 4, and the curtain material 3 is provided with a strain gauge, a seepage sensor and a pore water pressure sensor.

[0033] It should be noted that the expressway module 2 has a certain length and width and is made of relevant materials of the expressway roadbed. A corresponding fracture is designed in the center of the expressway module 2, and the corresponding soil material can be filled in as the simulation condition of the central green belt of the expressway. At the same time, it can be used as the water seepage entrance of the simulated sliding surface. The curtain material 3 is selected according to the actual rock material. The shape of the curtain material 3 is made according to the proposed sliding surface shape and is connected to the computer module to collect relevant data for further analysis. It can monitor, record and calculate the stress and strain conditions near the sliding surface, rock strength parameters and other information in real time. The material properties of the rock 5 are filled in according to the actual conditions of the relevant tests. Different materials can be used to simulate different rock conditions to obtain results that are targeted and of practical engineering significance.

[0034] The sprinkler device 6 is located above the rear water collection module 1 , and a rain intensity sensor 7 is installed at the rear end of the sprinkler device 6 .

[0035] It should be noted that the sprinkler 6 is connected to the comprehensive water pump 10, which is used to simulate various natural environmental conditions such as long-term rainfall, short-term heavy rainfall, etc., and is received by the back-end water collection model 1 and is collected into the inner side of the highway module 2 under the influence of specific water collection conditions.

[0036] The integrated water pump 10 is provided with a water inlet pipe 11 , and the water inlet pipe 11 is used to provide an outlet water source for the integrated water pump 10 .

[0037] It should be noted that the comprehensive water pump 10 can control information such as water output and water output pressure, but the actual water output data is attenuated due to factors such as pipeline transportation loss. The specific monitoring and calculation data adopt the data measured by the sensor in 7.

[0038] A placement plate is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the model box, and the slope simulation system is located on the placement plate. A first drainage outlet 14 is opened on the outer surface of one side of the model box above the placement plate, and a second drainage outlet 15 is opened at the bottom of the other side of the model box.

[0039] It should be noted that the first drain outlet 14 provides an outlet for residual water in the sprinkler that is not received by the rear-end water collection model 1. At the same time, the second drain outlet 15 provides an outlet for water seeping out of the rock mass 5 to prevent changes in the properties of the rock mass 5 due to long-term accumulation of water that cannot be discharged, thereby affecting the test results.

[0040] The back-end catchment model 1 consists of an upper and lower part, the upper part is used to simulate the catchment environment, and the lower part is a rectangular parallelepiped used to connect with the highway module 2.

[0041] It should be noted that the upper part of the rear-end water collection module 1 is designed to simulate the specific water collection conditions formed by a mountain peak and two valleys, and is designed with a water inlet at the front end. The water inlet has a certain width and can be in contact with the highway module 2. The lower part of the rear-end water collection module 1 is designed as a rectangular block for fixing the model, and is designed with snap-in positions, which can be connected to the highway module 2 in a specific way. Rear-end water collection models of other shapes can be made and installed to simulate more water collection terrain features, so as to analyze more about the impact of rear-end water collection conditions.

[0042] The curtain material 3, the rain intensity sensor 7, the high-speed camera 8, the three-dimensional laser scanner 9, the first support rod 12, the second support rod 13 and the comprehensive water pump 10 are all connected to the computer module, and a physical model test system for highway landslide caused by rear-end water collection uses any one of the above-mentioned physical model test devices for highway landslide caused by rear-end water collection.

[0043] Working principle:

[0044] When in use, first assemble the rear end water collection model 1 in the model box, arrange the corresponding rock mass 5, sliding body 4, and curtain material 3 for simulating the preset sliding surface, adjust the length of the first support rod 12 and the second support rod 13 in the computer module, turn on the comprehensive water pump 10, and inject water into the sprinkler 6. At the same time, adjust the water pressure, flow rate and other parameters of the comprehensive water pump 10 in the computer module. The high-speed camera 8 and the three-dimensional laser scanner 9 monitor whether the sliding body 4 has relative sliding, so as to record and analyze the stability of the sliding body under different comprehensive water pump 10 parameters, and can synchronously output the data monitored by the strain gauge, seepage sensor, pore water pressure sensor on the curtain material 3 simulating the preset sliding surface and the data monitored by the rain intensity sensor 7 equipped with the sprinkler 6 in real time. The above is one test work. If multiple highway rear end water collection sliding tests are carried out, the above operation can be repeated.

[0045] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is limited by the attached embodiments and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A physical model test device for highway landslide caused by rear-end water collection, comprising a model box, a slope model, a highway rear-end water collection model and a computer module, characterized in that: The rear end water collection model of the expressway is located on the upper part of the slope model. The slope model includes a rock mass (5), a sliding mass (4) and a curtain material (3). The curtain material (3) is used to simulate a preset sliding surface. The rear end water collection model of the expressway includes a rear end water collection module (1) and an expressway module (2). A fracture is arranged in the middle of the expressway module (2). The fracture can be filled with corresponding soil materials as a simulation condition of the central green belt of the expressway and can also be used as a water inlet for simulating the sliding surface of the curtain material. A drainage ditch (16) is arranged inside the expressway module (2). The drainage ditch (16) is arranged inside the expressway module (2). The connection with the rear-end water collection model (1) is used to restore the actual drainage situation of the mountain inside the expressway. The expressway module (2) is installed on the top of the slope model. One end of the expressway module (2) is connected to the rear-end water collection module (1) by bolts. A sprinkler (6) is arranged on the top side of the model box. The sprinkler (6) is located above the rear-end water collection module (1), and the top of the sprinkler (6) is connected to a comprehensive water pump (10) through a hose. A high-speed camera (8) and a three-dimensional laser scanner (9) are respectively installed on the top inner wall and one side inner wall of the model box, and an adjustment base is installed at the bottom of the model box. The rear-end water catchment model (1) consists of an upper and lower part, wherein the upper part is used to simulate water catchment terrain features, and the lower part is a rectangular parallelepiped and is used to connect with the highway module (2).

2. The physical model test device for highway landslide caused by rear-end water collection according to claim 1 is characterized by: The adjustment base comprises a bottom plate, the top surface of which is provided with a symmetrically distributed first support rod (12) and a second support rod (13), the top ends of which are both hinged to the bottom surface of the model box.

3. The physical model test device for highway landslide caused by rear-end water collection according to claim 1 is characterized by: The curtain material (3) is located between the rock mass (5) and the sliding body (4), and the curtain material (3) is provided with a strain gauge, a seepage sensor and a pore water pressure sensor.

4. The physical model test device for highway landslide caused by rear-end water collection according to claim 1 is characterized by: A rain intensity sensor (7) is installed at the rear end of the watering device (6).

5. The physical model test device for highway landslide caused by rear-end water collection according to claim 1 is characterized by: The comprehensive water pump (10) is provided with a water inlet pipe (11), and the water inlet pipe (11) is used to provide an outlet water source for the comprehensive water pump (10).

6. The physical model test device for highway landslide caused by rear-end water collection according to claim 1, characterized in that: A placement plate is fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the model box, and the slope simulation system is located on the placement plate. A first drainage outlet (14) is provided on the outer surface of one side of the model box located above the placement plate, and a second drainage outlet (15) is provided at the bottom of the other side of the model box.

7. The physical model test device for highway landslide caused by rear-end water collection according to claim 1 is characterized by: The curtain material (3), the rain intensity sensor (7), the high-speed camera (8), the three-dimensional laser scanner (9), the first support rod (12), the second support rod (13) and the comprehensive water pump (10) are all connected to the computer module.

8. The physical model test system for highway landslide caused by rear-end water collection according to claim 1 is characterized by: A physical model test device for highway landslide caused by rear-end water collection according to any one of claims 1-7 is used.

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