5538results about "Earth material testing" patented technology

A method for determining geochemistry of at least one geological sample with laser-induced breakdown spectral measurements performed on the geological sample in a time variant manner with spectral acquisitions made after each of a plurality of measurement shots, spectral pre-processing performed as necessary, and subsequent analysis is applied to the collected data to determine at least one geochemistry parameter of the sample. The method can provide a rapid method to estimate thermal maturity of a sample, which does not require sample preparation, and which can be non-destructive with respect to portions of the sample. A system for performing the method also is provided.

A tagged object includes a main body and a plurality of coded particles. Each coded particle may have a miniature body and be configured to provide a resolvable optical emission pattern when illuminate. The plurality of coded particles may be immobilized to the main body. A method for performing oilfield monitoring may include disposing of different types of tagged objects at different locations, wherein the different types of tagged objects each comprise a plurality of coded particles. Each of the coded particles may have a miniature body containing rare earth elements configured to produce a unique optical emission pattern when illuminated. The method may include allowing an event to trigger the release of one of the different types of tagged objects from one of the different locations. In addition, the method may include identifying the released tagged objects by unique optical emission patterns, in some cases in order to determining an occurrence location of the event.

The invention relates to the technical field of mining safe engineering, and particularly to a stability monitoring method for a cold high-altitude steep slope. According to the stability monitoring method, through field engineering geology, hydrogeology survey, engineering geological rock quality evaluation and rock mechanical parameter determining, the lithologic condition, the rock structure, the hydrogeology condition, the slope shape, earthquake parameters, explosion parameters and the like of the slope are determined. Slope stability analysis and a treatment strategy measure are performed. Furthermore a comprehensive monitoring system and a slope instability criterion are established.

A model for determining the type of soil, the water content of a soil, and the soil properties, and a soil measurement data storage portion (60) to store therein measurement data necessary to carry out the model and correlated with specific measurement conditions are provided. The water content is measured by a water content measuring portion (57) on the basis of the measurement data fed from a soil sensor (S). The type of soil is determined by a feature extracting portion (56) and a type-of-soil determining portion (58), and the determined type of soil is sent to a determining portion (59). The determining portion (59) determines corresponding conditions and a model according to the type of soil and water content of the measured place received and sets them in a predetermined processing portion. The soil sensor feeds measurement data meeting the measurement conditions to a measurement information processing portion (55), and the processing portion (55) determines the soil properties according to the determined model.

A sensor system is provided that measures water content or other detectable properties in a medium along the entire length of the sensor at any point in time. The sensor system includes an electromagnetic signal generator and a transmission line disposed in a medium to be monitored. Alternatively, the transmission line can be configured for movement across a medium to be monitored, or the transmission line can be fixed relative to a moving medium being monitored. A signal is transmitted along the transmission line at predetermined frequencies, and the signal is returned back along the transmission line and/or into an optional receive line in proximity to the transmission line. The returned signal is processed to generate a one-dimensional data output profile that is a function of a detectable property of the medium. The data output profile can be mapped onto a physical system to generate a two-dimensional or three-dimensional profile if desired. The sensor system is useful in a variety of different applications such as agriculture, horticulture, biofiltration systems for industrial offgases, leak detection in landfills or drum storage facilities at buried waste sites, and in many other applications.

The invention discloses a system for testing a physical model for large-scale landslides under the action of multiple factors, which comprises a reservoir level fluctuation simulation unit, a landslide experiment slot section, an artificial rainfall simulation unit and a measuring unit, wherein the landslide experiment slot section comprises a horizontal slot section and a slope slot section, the horizontal slot section and the slope slot section are respectively paved with a slope body consisting of sand-soil mixtures, and the rear end of the horizontal slot section is hinged with the front end of the slope slot section; the slope slot section is composed of more than two slot sections which are sequentially hinged end to end, and the bottom of each slot section is provided with a lifting unit which can adjust the dip angle of the slot section; the rear end of the slope slot section is provided with a Malpighian-tube rear-edge water-replenishing unit; and the measuring unit comprises a deformation measuring part and a stress measuring part, wherein the deformation measuring part is used for measuring the deformation process of the slope body, and the stress measuring part is used for measuring the water pressure and water content of a pore of the slope body. By using the system disclosed by the invention, the changing regularity of each measurable physical quantity of a landslide in different development stages can be grasped accurately, thereby providing a possibility for better developing the studies on key parameters of landslides in different evolution stages.

A method for marking a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon. The method comprises adding to the liquid petroleum hydrocarbon at least one substituted anthraquinone dry having formula (I) wherein X is O or S; Y is O, NR<7 >or S; R<1 >and R<2 >independently are hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocyclic or alkanoyl; R<3 >and R<5 >independently are alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroalkyl or heterocyclic; R<4 >and R<6 >independently are hydrogen or alkyl; R<7 >is hydrogen or alkyl; and wherein the substituted anthraquinone dye(s) has an absorption maximum in the range from 600 nm to 750 nm.

The present invention relates to the field of compression refrigeration and air conditioning. Specifically, the present invention relates to a tracer-containing compositions comprising refrigeration/heating fluid and tracer compound(s). Additionally, the present invention relates to a method for detecting tracer compounds to identify gases after leaving the custody of the original manufacturer or prior source, and the verification of authenticity. The aforementioned method provides for the detection of tracer compounds, which in turn, may alert the refrigeration industry to when dilution, adulteration, contamination or other unauthorized practices have occurred with refrigeration products.

A method for providing environmental monitoring and control includes providing a network of wireless nodes, the wireless nodes includes an array of sensor nodes and an array of actuator nodes, each wireless node including a wireless transceiver, a processor and one of a sensor device or an actuator device. In one embodiment, the receiver wireless node schedules the time slot for the next transmission by sending an acknowledgement message from the receiver wireless node to the sender wireless node including a time slot for the next scheduled transmission. The wireless nodes are turned off until the next scheduled time slot when the wireless nodes are turned on synchronously. In another embodiment, the sender wireless node schedules the next transmission by sending a message including a time slot for the next scheduled transmission and the receiver wireless node sends an acknowledgement message acknowledging the selected time slot.

The invention provides a rock high-pressure permeability test system, comprising a sample depression box device which is provided with a heavy frame inside, a hydraulic jack positioned inside the heavy frame, a movable trolley positioned on the top of the hydraulic jack, and a triaxial depression box fixed on the movable trolley, wherein, the triaxial depression box comprises a confining pressure chamber body, a depression box base with an seepage water inlet and a confining pressure water inlet, a lower actuating post system which is positioned on the depression box base and is communicated with the seepage water inlet and a seepage water channel on the sample, an upper actuating post system of the seepage water outlet which is positioned on the top of the depression box and is communicated with the seepage water channel on the sample. The test system is provided with an oil-water converting dynamic control system which is connected with the hydraulic jack, the seepage water inlet and the confining pressure water inlet respectively. The invention can test the permeability of the sample under various conditions, conventional triaxial mechanical characteristics of various loading paths, the seepage at a high permeability pressure, and the stress coupling process and can control the shaft pressure, the confining pressure, the permeability pressure and the axial displacement accurately.

The invention discloses a multifunctional geotechnical model test chamber device adopting photogrammetric technology. The multifunctional geotechnical model test chamber device comprises a model test chamber body, a loading and testing part, a movable pile baffle, a downward-moving control part, a displacement testing system and the like. The whole-filed displacement is measured by using the photogrammetric technology. The soil arch effect demonstration of 20 different pile spacing ratios, the pile-supported embankment filler particle soil arch effect and a compound foundation cushion layer effect simulation test under the rigid foundation can be realized. Meanwhile, the geotechnical model test chamber device can also carry out simulation such as stress and deformation simulation of buried pipes, slope deformation, excavation of foundation pits, stress and deformation of an enclosing structure and the like by using the test chamber.

Equipment and process for three-dimensional measurement of size and shape and for compositional analysis of mineral and rock particles and the like objects. A mixture of particles or objects of same or different sizes of minerals or rocks or the like are fed individually and automatically onto a conveyor belt for three-dimensional machine vision measurements using laser and two cameras and subsequently for spectroscopic measurements using visible and infrared light and are then collected at the end of the conveyor. Computer software is used to perform the measurement automatically and to calculate size, form, roundness, and preferably petrographic composition and other characteristics or properties of each individual object and the statistical distribution of relevant properties, either according to built-in measurement processes or user specific methods.

The invention relates to a soil slope water flow erosion resistance simulation test method and device. The device comprises a liftable slope simulation device, a sheetflood scouring simulation device, a water and soil collecting device, a flow velocity determining device and a slope surface form camera device. According to the test method, the water flow is controlled, surface flow and seepage are formed, and sheetflood water, seepage water and sediment quantity formed by scouring slopes by sheetflood water are collected. The flow, the flow velocity, the erosion depth, the sand yield and the like of the water flow are measured quantitatively. Compacted soil is soaked in water until saturation for simulation, the efficiency of an indoor simulation test on slope scouring is improved, the test period is shortened, the test result proves the maximum depth of a slope erosion gully and the change rule of the sand yield with time, discloses the relation between the water flow erosion capacity of catchment behind slopes and the slope length, gradient and time and provides a basis for prediction of the water flow erosion scale and the need of slope protection and reinforcement. The device is simple in structure, convenient to operate and suitable for measurement of soil mechanics parameters of slope soil mass.

A soil sampling implement and method have a sampler assembly supported from an implement frame for movement across a field. The sampler assembly includes a tapered cylindrical cutting shoe and a soil collection trough. The cutting shoe has a leading cutting edge arranged for movement through soil in a horizontal direction to cut a cylindrical core sample. A sensing device is provided for measuring at least one soil property. The sampler assembly is moved between a lowered position in which the cutting shoe is positioned at a selected sampling depth, and a raised position in which the cutting shoe is positioned above the soil surface and a soil sample contained in the soil collection trough is brought into contact with the sensing device. A cutting shoe scraper engages and cleans the leading cutting edge of the cutting shoe when the sampler assembly is moved between the lowered and raised positions.

In general, the purpose of the probe system is to provide improved rapid field methods using re-designed direct push technology (DPT) and “push-pull testing” concepts to evaluate in situ chemical, biochemical, surfactant, adsorptive media, and leaching and fixation remediation technologies for hazardous subsurface contaminant(s). The probe system and methods described here when applied to a hazardous waste site being considered for in situ remediation of contaminants (organic or inorganic) by the listed treatment technologies will yield information that greatly reduces the uncertainty with regards to treatment effectiveness for the in situ soil, groundwater, and contaminant(s) conditions affecting dosage requirements and reaction rate(s) for various reactants. The probe system described here is multi-purpose in that it was designed: 1) to measure the relative permeability of the subsurface soil and groundwater to a liquid or gas ejectant, 2) to recover soil gas, soil, or groundwater samples for contaminant analyses, 3) to measure the chemical dosage and reaction, dissolution, adsorption, desorption, leaching, or fixation rate of a reactant such as a chemical or biochemical oxidant, metallic or bimetallic dehalogenating agent, surfactant or emulsifier solution, adsorbent media regenerant, leaching or fixation reagent that is injected into the matrix and withdrawn during a push-pull test, 4) to perform combinations of the above, 5) to measure the in situ adsorption capacity of adsorbent media and subsequently measure the effectiveness of regenerant(s) for the adsorbent media, and (6) to measure the effectiveness of a treated soil column for inorganic contaminant(s) leaching or fixation. In addition to being an in situ remedial alternatives evaluation tool, the probe system can be used as a reactant(s) delivery device after the specific remedial technology has been selected.

An apparatus and method for detecting selected chemical compounds or elements is presented. A sensor array is exposed to one or more odors, for example. The outputs of the sensor constitute input to a pattern recognition system. Embodiments of the invention can also be trained for detecting odors in a soil column, for detecting odors associated with different varieties of food such as coffee beans, and for detecting odors associated with substantially any odorant.

The invention discloses a soil one-dimensional consolidation, penetration, stressing relaxation combined test instrument and usage, which posits punch inside a punch cavity at the bottom of pressure container. It can do consolidation and compression to the same soil sample K0, it also can do soil sample penetration test and stressing relaxation test directly and simultaneously. It can test the soil sample's value of coefficient of static lateral pressure K0 and the process of pore water pressure followed by time. The test instrument and method can arrange soil's consolidation characteristic parameter by test outcome and using theoretical formula penetration method. It can do soil's theological behavior analysis by the outcome of stressing relaxation test.

Non-cementitious CO₂ sequestering compositions are provided. The compositions of the invention include a CO₂ sequestering additive, e.g., a CO₂ sequestering carbonate composition. Additional aspects of the invention include methods of making and using the non-cementitious CO₂ sequestering compositions.

The invention relates to an experimental apparatus and a method for researching response characteristics of natural gas hydrate stratum to drilling fluid intrusion. The apparatus comprises a drilling fluid cycling mechanism, a high and low constant temperature experiment box, a gas permeability mechanism, a water / gas injection mechanism, a confining pressure tracking mechanism, a back pressure mechanism, a detection mechanism, an outlet metering mechanism, a rock core transferring mechanism, a sampling mechanism and an industrial control computer. The experimental methods based on the apparatus comprise an experimental method for hydrate deposit gas permeability, an experimental method for intrusion of drilling fluid to hydrate deposit and dynamic monitoring of response characteristics of the hydrate deposit during the intrusion process, and a method for fidelity transferring of hydrate deposit core. The invention provides an early stage indoor research on response characteristics of natural gas hydrate stratum to drilling fluid intrusion, so as to master influence rules of the drilling fluid intrusion on hydrate stratum physical properties, realize simulating fidelity transferring of a sample containing hydrate deposit and provide basis for future hydrate stratum exploitation and drilling safety and logging accuracy interpretation.

The invention discloses an experimental device with a physical landslide model. The experimental device comprises a landslide experiment tank which comprises a base and four segments of platforms, wherein the first segment of platform is located above the base, the first segment of platform, the second segment of platform, the third segment of platform and the fourth segment of platform are connected in sequence, the first segment of platform is horizontal, and the inclination angles of the second segment of platform, the third segment of platform and the fourth segment of platform are adjustable. The experimental device with the physical landslide model disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of large scale, sectional type, multi-factor and overall process, and can truly simulate the overall damage evolution process of a landslide disaster chain under hydrodynamic force induction factors.

The invention provides an analysis method of the corrosion action and the corrosion effect of a carbonate rock. The method comprises the following steps: detecting petrologic parameters, geological fluid characteristics and geological background parameters of a reservoir stratum of the carbonate rock; selecting a plunger sample, and preparing the plunger sample into a diagenetic fluid; performing weighing, physical property analysis, CT scan analysis and microscopic property analysis on the sample before experiment; performing a corrosion simulated experiment on the carbonate rock, and collecting the reaction generated liquid; performing the physical property analysis, the CT scan analysis and the microscopic property analysis on the sample after experiment; analyzing the content of Ca<2+> and Mg<2+> of the generated liquid; analyzing the corrosion action of the carbonate rock under different controlling factors, determining a three-dimensional structure and a microcosmic pattern of representation of a corrosion hole of the carbonate rock, and quantitatively assessing the corrosion hole of the carbonate rock and the communicated property evolution. By the method, the corrosion action and the corrosion benefits of the carbonate rock from an earth surface to the deep burying environment can be analyzed, and more accurate analytical data is provided for assessing and forecasting the favorable reservoir stratum of the carbonate rock.

A device and a method for measuring fluid flow and solute mass transport in flow systems includes a casing (1) having inlet (3) and outlet (9) openings and a fluid passageway therebetween, the casing containing at least one fluid permeable insoluble adsorbent matrix (7) and at least one tracer material (5, 5′) located in the fluid passageway. The tracer material (5,5′) is a fluid permeable partially soluble material which at least prior to installation is not physically or chemically bonded to the adsorbent matrix (7) and is either mixed with the adsorbent matrix or is located in at least one section (4,4′) of the casing (1) separate from but in contact with at least one section (6,6′) of the casing holding the insoluble adsorbent matrix (7,7′). The device is intended to be installed in a medium having a fluid path therein.

The invention is a soil frost-heaving and thawing-settlement tester based on thermoelectric refrigeration control, which comprises a tester main body, a acquisition control device, a water supplement device, a loading device, wherein the water supplement device is connected with a bottom water supplement groove body of the tester main body; the acquisition control device is connected correspondingly with a A temperature sensor which is responsible for the monitoring of sample temperature gradient change in the tester main body, a displacement sensor, and a hydrostatic sensor; the acquisition control device is connected with a B temperature sensor in a semiconductor refrigerating body; the loading device is disposed in a pressure chamber in the tester main body. The advantages are that: according to the test water content, the test is supplemented with water and drained automatically from the lower part, the water supplement amount is calculated accurately; the hole pressure in the draining process is monitored. Continuous stepless loading is realized; the frost heaving force testing is realized after stepless continuous automatic loading and locking volume, and the simulation truth degree for natural conditions in laboratory frost-heaving and thawing-settlement test is improved, and the test efficiency is improved and the test labor intensity is reduced.

The invention discloses a fine simulation test device and a fine simulation test method for slope water erosion. The fine simulation test device comprises an underframe provided with trundles and a test soil groove connected with the underframe, the test soil groove is arranged above the underframe, one end of the test soil groove is hinged to one end of the underframe, and a water tank matched with the test soil groove is arranged at the other end of the test soil groove. A hydraulic rod is arranged between the test soil groove and the underframe, an equalization pond is arranged between thetest soil groove and the water tank, the equalization pond is communicated with the water tank through a water conveying pipe, the water conveying pipe and a water pump are arranged on one side of the water tank, a water discharging pipe is communicated with the lower portion of the water tank, a three-dimensional laser scanner is arranged in front of the test soil groove, a railfall device is arranged right above the test soil groove, and a flow collecting opening connected with the test soil groove is arranged at the end of the test soil groove hinged to the underframe. The fine simulation test device and the fine simulation test method for the slope water erosion have the advantages of being capable of controlling slope soil bulk density, vegetation types and cover degree manually, simulating soil water erosion conditions under different site conditions, and studying influences and response theories of all factors on soil water erosion under different underlying surface conditions.

Apparatuses and methods suitable for (i) measuring lithological or petro-physical properties of reservoir core sample including shale rock; (ii) evaluating the degree of formation damage caused by foreign fluid into formation; (iii) conducting dynamic experiments, such as water flooding, chemical solution flooding, and supercritical CO₂ injection to displacing oil tests; (iv) simulating physical radial flow experiments using reservoir core sample(s) at conditions of temperature up to 150° C. and pressure up to 6000 psi, are provided involving radial flow through the core sample(s) having at least partially hollow centers in an axial direction, up to annular axial cross-sections.

A system and method for dynamically instantiating a communication interface between a requesting entity and a client entity. A requesting entity transmits a trigger signal to a control point, where the trigger signal includes a preferred communication configuration. The control point inspects the preferred communication configuration and, if possible, instantiates a communication link that complies with the requested configuration. The communication link is deactivated either in response to a timing function, upon determining that the requesting and client entities have completed their data exchanges, or determining that an amount of time provided for the communication has expired.

The invention discloses a testing device and a method of ground deformation caused by simulating metro shield tunnel construction, and belongs to the technical field of underground engineering experiments. The overall process that similar materials are used for simulating soil layer structures, a tunnel simulating device is used for simulating tunnel structures, and a ground loss simulation system is used for simulating disturbed soil around a tunnel and ground loss is included. After the installation of the device is completed, the ground loss simulation system is started, an airtight water bag which is filled with water by using a pressure water pump in advance is drained step by step through a drain pipe, and water discharge is accurately controlled through a water stop valve and a measuring tank. Moreover, the water discharge is recorded, the ground loss is simulated, a corresponding stratum is deformed, and then the earth surface subsides, the surface subsidence is accurately measured through a dial indicator, and a measured value is recorded. Stratum loss ratio is calculated out through conversion, and the stratum loss ratio and the subsidence measured value are made into forms and images together, and thereby the relation between the stratum loss ratio under different stratum structures and the surface subsidence can be measured out simply, conveniently and accurately.

The invention relates to an experimental device in the field of natural gas recovery, and particularly relates to a shale gas reservoir recovery simulation experimental device. The shale gas reservoir recovery simulation experimental device comprises a high-pressure gas source system, an injection system, a model system, a thermostat system, a pressure return system and a data acquisition system, wherein an intermediate container in the injection system and a core holding unit in the model system are positioned in a thermostat. The shale gas reservoir recovery simulation experimental device has the advantages that a plate model core clamping device and two full-diameter core clamping devices are connected, the cores of different dimensions are connected in series, multi-scale pore characteristics in the shale gas reservoir can be simulated, the multi-scale characteristics of shale gas seepage influenced by the multi-scale effect are reflected, the recovery process of the shale gas reservoir can be accurately simulated, and recovery mechanisms and recovery dynamics of the shale gas reservoir in different modes can be comprehensively evaluated; and meanwhile, a large-scale shale core adsorption/desorption experiment can be performed by utilizing the experimental device, and a gas adsorption/desorption rule of the large-scale shale core under different conditions is researched.

Discloses is a cartridge-type detection apparatus which comprises a detection cartridge having a passage for passing a sample liquid containing an target substance, and a processing unit adapted to be loaded with the detection cartridge so as to produce information about the target substance contained in the sample liquid passed through the detection cartridge. The detection cartridge includes an storing section for temporarily storing the target substance, a liquid passage routed through the storing section, and a plurality of ports in liquid communicate with the liquid passage. The detection cartridge is provided with a part or entirety of a detection mechanism on a downstream side relative to the storing section. The processing unit includes a liquid feed pump and a line switching valve mechanism adapted to switchingly provide liquid communication between the liquid feed pump and a selected one of the plurality of ports of the detection cartridge. The valve mechanism is operable to switch between a first passage connection mode for allowing the sample liquid supplied into the detection cartridge to be passed through the storing section and then discharged out of the detection cartridge, and a second passage connection mode for allowing a reagent to be supplied from one of the plurality of ports to the storing section of the detection cartridge by an action of the liquid feed pump, and allowing the reagent passed across the storing section to be discharged out of the detection cartridge from one of the remaining ports.

A process for analyzing the nutrient status of plant matter and/or soil for one or more nutrients selected from among calcium, potassium, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, magnesium, chlorine, iron, boron, manganese, zinc, copper, nickel and molybdenum is described and includes contacting said plant matter and/or soil with a laser source capable of inducing breakdown of the sample whereby an emission from said sample occurs; and, analyzing said spectral emission for determination of an amount of said one or more nutrients. A process for analyzing the heavy metal content of plant matter and/or soil, or of fertilizers or soil amendments is also described.