The invention discloses a
loess tunnel surrounding rock
deformation monitoring method, and relates to the technical field of
civil engineering and geological
engineering, and the method comprises the steps: integrating a spiral winding type
optical fiber sensor, a double-cavity
humidity compensation
vibrating wire sensor and a microseismic array, and capturing surrounding rock strain, vibration and geological activities; the
vibrating wire sensor suppresses
humidity interference through a
silicone oil damping medium and self-adaptive excitation frequency, and the
optical fiber sensor is fixed through a pre-embedded
silica gel sleeve to adapt to surrounding rock deformation;
edge computing nodes are deployed on the inner wall of the tunnel, an
FPGA chip and a lightweight GRU model are integrated,
optical fiber strain, a micro-
seismic energy spectrum and
laser point cloud displacement field data are fused in real time, the
strain gradient is analyzed, and a crack propagation probability cloud picture is generated; redundant optical
fiber link switching is combined with a six-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm to realize
breakpoint self-repairing, and a self-cleaning air curtain is integrated to inhibit dust adhesion; and constructing a geological parameter
library based on a BIM-GIS fusion platform, driving a finite element-discrete element
coupling model to dynamically update boundary conditions, and predicting surrounding rock deformation and collapse risks.