7451 results about "Particle physics" patented technology

The invention discloses a high-speed multi-photon detection system and method. The system comprises a detector and a signal processing circuit, wherein the detector is composed of a window plated with a photoelectric cathode, a micro-channel plate stack and an anode; a plurality of incident photons are converted into a plurality of photoelectrons by the photoelectric cathode, and the photoelectrons are converted into electron cloud by the micro-channel plate stack; the incident electron cloud is divided into multiple paths by three layers of staggered metal strip electrodes of the anode, and charge collection is carried out to obtain charge short pulses of each layer of electrode; the signal processing circuit converts the charge short pulses transmitted by the three layers of electrodes into digital pulse signals, obtains the centroid coordinates of the electron cloud from the digital pulse signals as the abscissa value, the ordinate value and the verification value of the incident photon position, combines the abscissa value, the ordinate value and the verification value based on the screening condition to obtain the target two-dimensional coordinates, and finally obtains the target two-dimensional coordinates. And transmitting to a terminal for imaging display. According to the invention, a plurality of synchronous photons can be detected, the overall counting rate of the detector is greatly improved, and the detection efficiency is improved.

A wide-field dynamic magnetic imaging device and method. The wide-field dynamic magnetic imaging device comprises: a probe assembly (1), comprising a diamond (101) containing NV centers; a microwave magnetic field assembly (2) configured to generate a uniform microwave field and a uniform bias magnetic field in the vicinity of the diamond (101), so as to regulate the spin energy level of the diamond (101) and the quantum state evolution process; a laser modulation assembly (3) configured to output an initial uniform pulsed laser to excite the diamond (101) to emit fluorescence; a fringe light modulation assembly (4) configured to modulate the initial uniform pulsed laser to output a fringe pulsed laser, causing the fluorescence emitted by the diamond (101) to be fringe fluorescence, or to modulate the fluorescence emitted by the diamond (101) into fringe fluorescence; a fluorescence detection assembly (5) configured to perform spatial imaging on the fringe fluorescence to obtain magnetic field information of a sample under test (7), thereby obtaining an initial magnetic image of said sample (7); and a data processing assembly (6) configured to perform Fourier transform and inverse Fourier transform on the initial magnetic image to obtain a first magnetic image.

The invention provides an intrinsic solid-state ion diffusion coefficient test method and device based on optical imaging, and relates to the technical field of solid-state ion test.The method comprises the steps that a test sample is pretreated; carrying out a photoelectric test on the test sample; placing the electrochemical cell in an optical imaging system, connecting the electrochemical cell with an electrical testing system, applying a constant voltage deviating from a steady state to the monodisperse electrode plate, collecting the real-time change condition of the material under the modulation of the constant voltage in real time through an industrial camera, and outputting relational data of optical intensity and time; analyzing the diffusion path through in-situ characterization equipment, and obtaining an ion diffusion path corresponding to the to-be-detected ion battery electrode material particles in combination with dynamic information provided by an optical imaging system; and determining the characteristic time according to the relational data of the optical intensity and the time, and determining the intrinsic solid ion diffusion coefficient corresponding to the test sample by combining the characteristic time and the ion diffusion path corresponding to the to-be-tested ion battery electrode material particles.

The invention discloses a point light source electron accelerator which comprises a sealing box body, a cathode, a laser emitter, a reflecting cover, a grid plate and a mounting plate, the mounting plate is erected in the sealing box body, a mounting hole is formed in the mounting plate, the cathode is mounted in the mounting hole, and the laser emitter is arranged in the sealing box body. The reflecting cover is arranged at the top of the mounting hole; the reflecting cover is a semi-spherical surface, a laser through hole is formed in the top of the semi-spherical surface, and the laser through hole is coaxial with the cathode; the transmitting end of the laser transmitter is aligned with the cathode; the grid plate is mounted below the mounting plate and is aligned with the mounting holes; and an electron outlet is formed below the grid plate. The invention provides a point light source electron accelerator, and the point light source electron accelerator provides a light and miniaturized electron accelerator design, so that the application field of the accelerator is wider.

A Rydberg sensor may include a probe laser source and a quantum radio frequency (QRF) cavity downstream from the probe laser source and configured to define a path for a plurality of probe laser beam passes within the QRF cavity. A Rydberg sensing region may be within the QRF cavity and in the path of the probe laser beam passes. An optical amplifier may be within the QRF cavity and in the path of the probe laser beam passes. A detector may be downstream from the QRF cavity.

The invention relates to the technical field of semiconductor devices, in particular to a low-working-current-density green light Micro-LED epitaxial structure and a preparation method thereof. The epitaxial structure comprises a substrate, a buffer layer, an N-type semiconductor layer, a low-temperature stress release layer, a multi-quantum well light-emitting layer and a P-type semiconductor layer. The electron blocking layer is not arranged on the multi-quantum-well light-emitting layer, the multi-quantum-well light-emitting layer comprises four sub-layers including a first light blue light multi-quantum-well layer, a second blue light multi-quantum-well layer, a third green light multi-quantum-well layer and a fourth light blue light multi-quantum-well layer, and the In component content in the third green light multi-quantum-well layer is larger than that in other layers. The third cyan light multi-quantum well layer is a main light-emitting unit and is not provided with an electron blocking layer, so that the blocking effect on hole injection can be eliminated, the hole injection efficiency of the P-type semiconductor layer is remarkably improved, and the matching degree of electron hole concentration in a multi-quantum well light-emitting layer region is improved.

The invention discloses a scanning electron microscope. The scanning electron microscope comprises a scanning electron microscope main body and a sample table located in a sample cavity, the scanning electron microscope main body is fixedly connected with the upper cover of the sample cavity, so that a closed space is formed in the sample cavity; a closed-loop groove is formed in an upper cover of the sample cavity; wherein the groove is located outside the connection position of the upper cover of the sample cavity and the scanning electron microscope main body, and the bottom of the groove is not higher than the supporting surface of the sample table; a magnetic shielding layer is arranged in the groove; wherein the length of the magnetic shielding layer is not less than the distance from the objective lens of the scanning electron microscope main body to the supporting surface of the sample stage.

The invention discloses a laser frequency stabilization system based on Faraday anomalous dispersion atomic filtering, which is used for carrying out frequency stabilization on phase modulation multi-sideband laser, and comprises a frequency doubling laser unit which is configured to comprise a fundamental frequency seed light source, an electro-optical modulator, a fundamental frequency amplifier and a frequency doubling crystal; the light splitting module unit is configured to split the frequency doubling light into a main output light path and a monitoring light path; the atomic optical rotation filter is located on the monitoring light path and is configured to maintain the purity of the frequency-stabilized laser spectrum through purification treatment under the control of the axial magnetic field and the temperature; the frequency stabilization unit is configured to be a frequency stabilization light path and a servo system, and the frequency stabilization light path is used for obtaining laser frequency information and generating an error signal; the servo system is used for controlling the frequency of the fundamental frequency seed light source according to the error signal feedback. According to the laser frequency stabilization system provided by the invention, the spectrum purification and frequency stabilization precision can be improved, so that high-frequency stability locking is realized.

A system and methods for characterizing a semiconductor sample by terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy (TDS), the system configured to implement methods including: directing an optical pump pulse, having one or more optical pump parameters, onto a region of the sample, thereby inducing a transient change within the region; directing a terahertz (THz) probe pulse to the region of the sample at a controlled time delay relative to the optical pump pulse; detecting the THz response signal from the transmission or reflection of the THz probe pulse from the region of the sample; and determining from the THz response signal at least one characteristic of the sample indicated by the transient change induced by the optical pump pulse..

A control system for a network of quantum systems operates the network to perform quantum informatics processing. The control system includes an entanglement scheduler configured to identify operations for which entanglement of two or more of the quantum systems is desired, identify plural potential entanglement attempts for generating the entanglement; and schedule at least some of the potential entanglement attempts to be performed to generate the entanglement for at least one of the operations. The entanglement scheduler may use direct entanglement, entanglement swapping and / or quantum teleportation approaches to generate the entanglement. The entanglement scheduler may schedule probabilistic entanglement attempts based at least in part on the probability of success of the entanglement attempts. The entanglement scheduler may generate entanglement to support plural branches of a quantum informatics process and / or to respond to events occurring while the quantum informatics process is executing.

This invention provides a Rydberg-atom based electromagnetic field detector array comprising a plurality of Rydberg-atom based electromagnetic field detectors, wherein each Rydberg-atom based electromagnetic field detector is divided into a plurality of units, each unit of the plurality of units being either: a variable transparency unit configured to vary its transparency by the Electromagnetically Induced Transparency, EIT, effect and further vary its transparency in response to an incident electromagnetic field, or a separator unit, wherein a sequence of one or more variable transparency units and one or more separator units of the plurality of units for a Rydberg-atom based electromagnetic field detector uniquely identifies that Rydberg-atom based electromagnetic field detector in the Rydberg-atom based electromagnetic field detector array.

Development of technologies for effectively suppressing edge localized modes (ELM), maintaining core plasma stability, controlling plasma rotation, adjusting edge transport barriers, achieving smooth transitions between different plasma regimes, minimizing error magnetic fields, sustaining plasma for long periods, stabilizing fusion power, controlling plasma impurities, and optimizing plasma-wall interactions simultaneously in tokamak fusion reactors. [Solution] We provide an adaptive edge-localized 3D magnetic field control system that organically links a real-time plasma state monitoring system, a 3D magnetic field response prediction model, a flexible 3D coil system, an adaptive control algorithm, a plasma regime transition management system, an integrated control interface, a high-precision magnetic diagnostic system, a fusion power control system, a plasma impurity control system, and a plasma-wall interaction optimization system.

The invention discloses a mixed gas absorption spectrum analysis method and system based on variational mode decomposition, specific laser is injected into an optical resonant cavity unit, and a detector unit continuously monitors the light intensity change and records a light intensity attenuation signal; pre-processing the recorded light intensity attenuation signal; carrying out VMD decomposition on the preprocessed ring-down signal to obtain a plurality of IMF components, respectively introducing CO2 and CO gases with known concentrations into the optical resonance unit, and recording spectral data of each single gas component; calculating the similarity and contribution degree of each IMF component, and setting a weight combination to form a joint score; the gas with the highest joint score is selected, the score is compared with an adaptive threshold value, and when the score is higher than the adaptive threshold value, the IMF component is marked as the characteristic component of the corresponding gas; and finally, gathering and outputting the marked IMF components according to gas types to obtain characteristic signals of the gases, thereby realizing multi-component gas separation in the mixed gas absorption spectrum.

The invention relates to the technical field of optical metasurface and light field regulation and control, in particular to a light pressure multi-dimensional regulation and control method and device based on a metasurface microstructure array. The method comprises the following steps: designing and preparing a metasurface microstructure array, wherein the microstructure array is composed of a plurality of sub-wavelength scale three-dimensional microstructure units arranged on a dielectric substrate; surface plasmon resonance is excited by adjusting structural parameters of the three-dimensional microstructure units and adjusting working parameters of a light source acting on the microstructure array, and near-field localization and enhancement are achieved. And calculating, regulating and controlling the light pressure borne by the metasurface microstructure array based on the Maxwell stress tensor. The method can keep a remarkable light pressure enhancing effect in a wide spectrum range of 380-1300 nm, and is suitable for various material systems such as silver, gold and the like. The method can be applied to the fields of optical tweezers systems, optical control devices, precision measurement and the like, and has the advantages of flexible design, simplicity and convenience in preparation, high regulation and control precision and the like.

Provided are computer-implemented methods and quantum computing systems for preparing computational states representing quantum states of a physical system, including performing a computational evolution of the state and then determining physical properties of the system using the time-evolved computational state. Hamiltonian dynamics of observables are computed on a quantum computer to provide information about the physical system represented by the Hamiltonian. Low energy electronic structure states of a physical system are prepared using adiabatic evolution. The energy of an equilibrium quantum state of a physical system is determined using a time-evolution operator. The energy of an eigenstate of a physical system is indirectly determined by evaluating expectation values of a time-evolution operator averaged across multiple shots for randomly-generated quantum circuits. Example methods enable calculation of the energy of an evolved computational state with chemical accuracy, due to avoiding discretization errors, with a smaller circuit depth than known alternatives.

The invention relates to the technical field of quantum computing, and provides a linear complexity quantum state preparation method based on tensor decomposition and a quantum circuit construction system.The high-dimensional tensor is decomposed into a series of low-rank core tensors through continuous singular value decomposition, each core tensor in a core tensor sequence is expanded into a unitary matrix, and the unitary matrix is used as a quantum circuit; the unitary matrix sequence is mapped to quantum lines coupled using adjacent qubits, and the quantum lines are run to prepare a target quantum state. Based on this, the line generated by the method can approximately or accurately prepare a target quantum state only by coupling adjacent quantum bits, and is perfectly adaptive to quantum chips of linear or grid topologies such as superconducting and semiconductor quantum dots and the like.

The invention discloses a bifunctional chiral metamaterial surface capable of switching polarization conversion and wave absorption, and belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic metamaterials. The method is used for solving the problem that most existing chiral super-structure surfaces cannot realize dynamic adjustability and quantitative controllability and cannot have dual functions of polarization conversion and wave absorption at the same time. The super-structure surface unit structure is composed of a graphene film layer, a gold-vanadium dioxide resonance layer, a silicon dielectric layer and a bottom-layer continuous gold film. Switching of two functions of polarization conversion and wave absorption is realized by changing the conductivity of vanadium dioxide; polarization conversion and dynamic regulation and control of the wave absorbing efficiency are realized by changing the Fermi level of the graphene; quantitative controllability of polarization conversion and a wave absorbing function is realized by controlling a function weighting function. Besides, the chiral super-structure surface also has the advantages of incident angle robustness, small thickness and small size, has double functions of broadband, and has potential application value in the fields of optical devices, communication equipment, biomedical sensors and the like.

The invention relates to the technical field of light sources, particularly discloses a method and a device for adjusting the central position of a plasma, and aims to realize accurate positioning and stable control of the plasma by accurately controlling output parameters of a magnetic field generator. According to the method, a magnetic field generator with a specific shape and distribution is utilized, a magnetic field with a closed magnetic line structure is generated in a plasma chamber, charged particles in plasma are guided to move along a preset path, and it can be ensured that the plasma reaches and is kept at an expected position by monitoring and adjusting magnetic field parameters in real time.

A quantum dot composite configured to emit green light or red light. The quantum dot composite including a polymer matrix, and a plurality of quantum dots dispersed in the polymer matrix, the plurality of quantum dots include a semiconductor nanocrystal core comprising indium and phosphorus. As determined by differential scanning calorimetry, the quantum dot composite exhibits an intensity of a peak between about 350° C. to about 450° C. that is about 8 times or more and about 13 times or less relative to an intensity of a peak between about 200° C. and about 300° C. in a thermogravimetric analysis graph.

The invention discloses an implementation method of a quantum logic gate and a quantum computer system. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a quantum bit to a preset initial quantum state; according to the Hamiltonian corresponding to the quantum logic gate, respectively generating microwave signals corresponding to each segment in the Hamiltonian; the Hamiltonian of the quantum logic gate comprises at least two segments, and the at least two segments are used for enabling quantum bits to generate at least one polarity reversal in evolution; the generated microwave signals corresponding to all the segments are spliced; and applying a spliced microwave signal to the quantum bits in the initial quantum state, so that the quantum bits evolve from the initial quantum state to a target quantum state. According to the invention, the quantum bit can generate at least one polarity change in evolution, partial phase dispersion is offset by using the polarity characteristic of 1 / f noise, decoherence is inhibited, and the fidelity of the single-bit quantum logic gate is further improved.

The invention provides a temperature drift compensation method, device and equipment for laser ranging in a low-temperature scene and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: building a temperature-drift model through the fine calibration of a laboratory; laser temperature measured by the double temperature sensors is obtained, the laser chip temperature is obtained through Kalman filtering, and a temperature-drift model is called to calculate the wavelength drift distance and the power drift distance at the current temperature; calculating a TEC target temperature compensation amount according to the wavelength drift amount, and calculating a driving current compensation amount according to the power drift amount; and based on the driving current compensation amount, a digital-to-analog converter is adopted to update laser driving current compensation power drift, so that the problem of low track detection precision by adopting laser ranging in a severe low-temperature environment is solved.

The invention discloses a multi-mode magnetic field intelligent closed-loop plasma confinement system and method. The system comprises a multi-mode magnetic field generation module, a multi-dimensional plasma diagnosis module and a layered intelligent closed-loop control module. The multi-mode magnetic field generation module generates a steady-state, pulse and alternating composite magnetic field to realize adjustable space gradient; the multi-dimensional diagnosis module synchronously acquires electrical, optical and particle parameters, and ensures the accuracy through data fusion; and the hierarchical intelligent closed-loop control module generates an adjusting instruction to realize closed-loop optimization based on dynamic threshold and multi-algorithm scheduling. According to the method, the constraint performance is improved through the steps of initialization, data acquisition, state evaluation and closed-loop adjustment in combination with parameter self-optimization and three-level fault protection. According to the scheme, the plasma constraint time exceeds 300 s, the escape rate is lower than 5%, the adjustment response is smaller than or equal to 10 ms, the method adapts to multiple working conditions and can be popularized to the fields of nuclear fusion experiments and plasma processing, and the problems that a traditional system is poor in stability and lags in response are solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of quantum sensing, and discloses a quantum magnetometer device based on diamond NV color center photoelectric detection magnetic resonance. Wherein the optical path module performs optical excitation and imaging positioning on a diamond sample through a laser and an objective lens. The circuit module integrates a microwave source, a lock-in amplifier, a low-noise current amplifier and a programmable power supply, applies a microwave field and bias voltage to a microwave antenna and an interdigital electrode on the surface of a sample respectively, and collects sample dependency photocurrent signals. And the operation module realizes automatic control and data processing of the system. According to the device, NV color center spin state information is converted into a photocurrent signal through a photoelectric detection magnetic resonance mechanism, an amplitude or frequency modulated signal is demodulated by using a lock-in amplification technology, information of a detection magnetic field is obtained through a high signal-to-noise ratio photoelectric detection magnetic resonance spectrum, and the sensitivity of the magnetic field is evaluated. Magnetic resonance signals are detected in an all-electricity mode, a complex optical system of traditional fluorescence detection is simplified, and the device has the advantages of being compact in structure, easy to integrate, high in measurement sensitivity and the like.

The invention relates to the field of computational imaging, in particular to a computational imaging method of a crossed strip-shaped anode single-photon detector, which comprises the following steps of: screening effective data through full-view-field illumination, and calculating an average output signal amplitude of each anode strip and a total average output signal amplitude of all anode strips to obtain a correction factor; the method comprises the following steps of: correcting an original output signal of each anode strip by adopting a correction factor during target imaging, performing effective signal data screening on the corrected original output signal, substituting effective signal data into a Gaussian algorithm to calculate an incidence position coordinate, mapping the incidence position coordinate to a mapping matrix, and stretching the incidence position coordinate to a 256 gray level for display. According to the calculation imaging method provided by the invention, the fixed mode noise can be suppressed, the imaging resolution is improved, and the image distortion is reduced.

To provide a quantum hash value generation system with quantum resistance, a quantum hash value generation method, and a blockchain network.SOLUTION: A quantum hash value generation system 1 includes a quantum state generator 2 configured to generate an input quantum state based on input data composed of an input bit string including a plurality of input bits, a quantum device 4 configured to convert the input quantum state into an output quantum state, a quantum measuring instrument 5 configured to acquire measurement values of the output quantum state by measuring the output quantum state, a measurement value analysis unit 320 configured to calculate a statistical index of the measurement values based on a probability distribution of the measurement values, and a quantum hash value generation unit 340 configured to generate a quantum hash value of the input data based on the statistical index of the measurement values.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Modular Rydberg architectures for fault tolerant quantum computing are provided. A first array and a second array of neutral atoms are provided. Each neutral atom has a first state and an excited Rydberg state. Each neutral atom is arranged to impose a Rydberg blockade on at least its nearest neighbors in its array when in the excited Rydberg state, thereby implementing a plurality of physical qubits. Each array comprises data qubits, and syndrome qubits. The syndrome qubits are configured to implement a quantum error correcting code with respect to the data qubits. Each array includes a subarray of communication qubits having a lower dimensionality than the array. Each communication qubit of the first subarray forms a Bell pair with one communication qubit of the second subarray. The first and second arrays of neutral atoms are configured to interact with each other only via the communication qubits.

The invention provides an electron irradiation dose on-line measurement and feedback calibration system and method, and relates to the technical field of automation control, and the system comprises a processing module which is used for converting an original dose signal into a five-path digital reading sequence, carrying out the timestamp alignment and space coordinate calibration of the five-path digital reading sequence, and outputting a calibration result; generating a three-dimensional discrete coordinate data set representing radiation field intensity space distribution; and the extraction module is used for identifying a radiation intensity global maximum value point from the three-dimensional discrete coordinate data set as a spatial registration origin, extracting two feature straight lines representing a radiation scattering dominant direction, and calculating a spatial orientation included angle between the two feature straight lines to determine a radiation scattering main influence area. According to the invention, precise processing of an original dose signal, scientific positioning of a radiation influence area and construction of a dynamic compensation model are realized through cooperation of multiple modules, a high-confidence dose value can be output, feedback calibration is completed based on a time sequence drift trend, and the precision and reliability of on-line measurement of the electron radiation dose are effectively guaranteed.

The invention discloses a distinguishing table type X-ray spectrometer and an X-ray absorption spectrum testing method, and relates to the technical field of spectral measurement. The high-resolution table type X-ray spectrometer comprises a sample signal source which is located in a Dowland circle and is used for generating X-rays; the exponential crystal is a bent crystal, the surface shape of the exponential crystal is defined by an exponential equation, so that different points on the curved surface of the crystal have different curvature radiuses and correspond to Rowland circles with different radiuses, each point on the exponential crystal is tangent to the corresponding Rowland circle, and the exponential crystal is used for performing monochromatization and focusing on the X-ray incident from the sample signal source; and the detector is positioned on a surface formed by the corresponding imaging points on each Rowland circle, and is used for receiving the X-rays which are monochromatized and focused by the index crystal and outputting corresponding light intensity signals. Therefore, through the cooperation of the index crystal and the multi-Rowland circle structure, the X-ray absorption spectrum test with high light receiving efficiency, high spectral resolution and wide energy spectrum range can be realized, and the comprehensive performance of the desk type spectrometer is improved.

The application discloses a double-resonance atomic clock ultra-miniature substrate integrated waveguide chamber, comprising: a substrate integrated waveguide annular gap cavity, the substrate integrated waveguide annular gap cavity is formed by longitudinal stacking of a plurality of longitudinal slit substrate integrated waveguides, the longitudinal slit substrate integrated waveguide comprises a metalized through hole and a metal microstrip line, and the longitudinal slit substrate integrated waveguide is provided with a longitudinal slit; a MEMS atomic gas chamber; a mode matching excitation structure for exciting a microwave magnetic field to the substrate integrated waveguide annular gap cavity; and an electromagnetic shielding and heating assembly arranged outside the substrate integrated waveguide annular gap cavity. The application can effectively solve the key problem that the resonant performance of a printed miniature annular gap cavity is extremely sensitive to the size change of subwavelength structure parameters, increase the processing tolerance of the ultra-miniature integrated chamber, reduce the processing difficulty and manufacturing cost of high-precision PCB through holes, and improve product yield.

Systems and techniques may generally be used for modifying quantum entangled bit communication. An example technique may include generating, at a first node in a computing network, a random number using a quantum derived seed as input to a random number generator; modifying a program using the random number while maintaining a function output of the program for a given input; receiving, at the first node from a second node, an input based on the random number; and executing the modified program at the first node using the input to obtain an output consistent with the program in an unmodified state.