344 results about "Electron energy" patented technology

The invention discloses a lithium supplement additive and a preparation method and application thereof. The lithium supplement additive comprises a lithium sulfinate compound, and the lithium sulfinate compound contains an electron withdrawing group. An electron withdrawing group contained in the lithium sulfinate compound in the lithium supplement additive can effectively change electron cloud distribution around sulfur atoms, so that the lithium sulfinate compound is endowed with relatively high lithium supplement capacity; meanwhile, due to the existence of the electron withdrawing group, the electron energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of the lithium sulfinate compound is reduced, and the energy gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the LUMO of the lithium sulfinate compound is reduced, so that the lithium supplement additive can be arranged in an electrode plate to exert the lithium supplement capacity and also can be used as an electrolyte additive; and the material can participate in electrode / electrolyte interface formation.

The invention relates to the technical field of biogenic amine detection, in particular to a dicyanoethylene-based fluorescent material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. After the biogenic amine is in contact with the glass surface fluorescent probe, due to the nucleophilic characteristic of the biogenic amine, the biogenic amine can be subjected to nucleophilic substitution reaction with a probe molecule dicyanovinyl group to generate an imine chemical structure. As the electron-withdrawing capability of dicyanoethylene is stronger than that of imine, the intramolecular charge transfer effect of probe molecules is greatly reduced, so that blue shift of absorption and luminescence properties of the probe molecules is caused, and after the fluorescent probe is loaded on the surface of glass, the fluorescence intensity of the fluorescent probe is improved. The formed dicyanoethylene-based fluorescent material provides a solution for the technical problem that the existing biogenic amine detection mode is inconvenient.

The invention discloses a method for exploring a heterogeneous catalytic reaction network based on a deep potential energy surface model, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the accurate prediction of the free energy change of all possible element reactions on a catalyst through the combination of transfer learning and a density functional theory, and constructing a reaction network diagram based on a graph theory method; an improved Dijkstra method is used for searching a reaction network diagram to determine a reaction mechanism, and the selectivity of the catalyst is explored based on a Markov chain method. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, when the CO2 reduction reaction mechanism on the monatomic alloy is explored, the prediction error MAE of the electron energy of each intermediate is only 0.16 eV, the calculated amount is reduced by 90%, the dominant path of the CO2 reduction reaction is visually displayed, and a new normal form is provided for complex mechanism exploration and catalyst screening.

The embodiment of the invention provides an electrolyte, a battery and electric equipment, the electrolyte comprises a lithium salt, an organic solvent and a polymer matrix, and monomers of the polymer matrix comprise vinylene carbonate and isocyanate ethyl acrylate. In the electrolyte provided by the embodiment of the invention, the monomers of the polymer matrix comprise vinylene carbonate and isocyanate ethyl acrylate, and the low HOMO energy level of isocyanate ethyl acrylate can weaken the electron loss ability of the polymer matrix and improve the oxidation stability of the electrolyte, so that the relatively poor electrochemical stability is improved; and a copolymerization structure of vinylene carbonate and isocyanate ethyl acrylate reduces the crystallinity of a polymer matrix and provides a smoother path for Li < + > transmission, so that the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte is improved. Therefore, the electrolyte provided by the invention can effectively improve the problems of low room-temperature ionic conductivity and relatively poor electrochemical stability of the existing gel electrolyte, and has a good application prospect.

The invention relates to the technical field of electron energy measurement, and discloses an electron spectrometer and an electron energy spectrum measurement method and system.The electron spectrometer comprises a magnetic deflection unit used for receiving an incident to-be-measured electron beam, generating a magnetic field and applying the magnetic field to all to-be-measured electrons in the to-be-measured electron beam; the scintillator fluorescent screen is arranged at the downstream of the magnetic deflection unit and used for receiving the deflected electrons to be detected, and the electrons bombard the scintillator fluorescent screen and generate light spots; the optical acquisition unit is used for acquiring a light spot image on the scintillator fluorescent screen; and the signal processing unit is used for processing the light spot image so as to identify the spatial position information of the light spot in the light spot image and convert the spatial position information into electronic energy data. The method has the beneficial effects that the unification of high resolution and high measurement efficiency is realized, and the problem of signal accumulation under a high counting rate of a traditional direct measurement method and the inherent defect of low efficiency of a scanning type magnetic spectrometer are overcome.

The invention belongs to the technical field of organic dye synthesis and application, and discloses a conjugated compound containing a benzothiophenazine structure as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and the conjugated compound containing the benzothiophenazine structure has excellent photophysical properties, singlet oxygen yield and superoxide anion generation capacity. The novel conjugated compounds ENBO-NI and ENBS-NI containing benzothiophenazine structures are successfully prepared by replacing a benzene ring of Nile blue with a cycloalkane structure and adjusting the electron donating ability of an R1 group. The two compounds have near infrared fluorescence emission, good solubility and relatively high ROS yield. Compared with a classical photosensitizer NB, the singlet oxygen yield of ENBO-NI is increased by about 117.65%, and the singlet oxygen yield of ENBS-NI is as high as 70%. The absorption wavelength of the conjugated compound is in a red light wave band. The preparation process is simple and efficient, large-scale production is easy, and the preparation method has a wide clinical application prospect.

An electron propulsion engine utilizes the acceleration of electrons to propel a spacecraft through space. The acceleration of the electrons in space emits electromagnetic radiation which can be used to propel the spacecraft. The radiation emission also decelerates the electrons, which allows the decelerated electrons to be recycled for reuse by the electron propulsion engine. The electron propulsion engine includes a first engine module, a second engine module, and an engine control system. The first engine module and the second engine module correspond to two mirror structures that form the electron propulsion engine. The engine control system facilitates the automatic control of the operation of the electron propulsion engine. The first engine module and the second engine module each includes a vacuum housing. The vacuum housing of each engine module is a D-shaped structure that facilitates the acceleration of the electrons and the resulting radiation emission to propel the spacecraft.

The invention belongs to the field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to an electrode material for a fuel cell and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing polyimide containing amino POSS (Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane); carrying out primary pyrolysis, and sequentially carrying out acid etching, cleaning and drying on a product to obtain primary carbonized polyimide; and grinding the primary carbonized polyimide, performing pyrolysis again, and sequentially performing acid etching, cleaning and drying on the product to obtain the electrode material for the fuel cell. The electrode material has a good graphite structure and a rich pore structure, so that ions and electrons can be quickly transferred in pores while the good conductivity of the material can be ensured; meanwhile, introduction of non-metal nitrogen heteroatoms can increase active sites, the electrochemical activity of the material is remarkably improved, and the material is suitable for being used as an electrode material of a fuel cell.

The invention relates to a nitrogen-containing bowl-shaped conjugated pH-responsive fluorescent probe and a preparation method and application thereof, the nitrogen-containing bowl-shaped conjugated pH-responsive fluorescent probe is characterized in that the structural formula of the nitrogen-containing bowl-shaped conjugated pH-responsive fluorescent probe is # imgabs0 #, and R is hydrogen, acetyl or p-toluenesulfonyl. Compared with the prior art, the nitrogen-containing bowl-shaped conjugated molecule provided by the invention shows a highly sensitive response characteristic in an acid-base medium. Due to the introduction of nitrogen atoms, the electronic structure of molecules is obviously changed, lone pair electrons of the nitrogen atoms can participate in the reaction, and the protonation behavior is obvious under the acidic condition. After protonation, the fluorescence intensity of the molecule is obviously enhanced, and the emission wavelength has obvious red shift, so that the probe has important application value in the aspect of developing a high-sensitivity acid-base sensor. In addition, the nitrogen-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compound also shows application prospects in the fields of organic light-emitting diodes, information safety, biological imaging and the like.

The invention belongs to the technical field of fluorescent probes, and discloses a fluorescent probe based on BODIPY targeted lipid droplets and application of the fluorescent probe. The structural formula of the fluorescent probe for targeting the lipid droplets is as follows: # imgabs0 # is as follows: due to strong electron withdrawing capability and relatively large steric hindrance of ester groups, the ester groups of the probe can rotate in an excited state, so that energy is lost through non-radiative transition, and fluorescence quenching is caused. The ester group of the probe can rotate in an excited state due to the strong electron withdrawing capability and large steric hindrance of the ester group, so that energy is lost through non-radiative transition, and fluorescence quenching is caused. And due to the introduction of the ester group, the fat solubility of the BODIPY dye is further enhanced, so that the lipid droplet targeting property of the probe is effectively improved, and no-wash imaging of lipid droplets is realized.

The invention discloses a perovskite type catalyst for ammonia decomposition reaction and a preparation method thereof, the catalyst comprises an active component and a carrier, the active component is rare metal Ru, and the carrier is Al doped perovskite type oxide BaCe1-xAlxO3. Wherein Al replaces a perovskite type oxide part Ce, so that the electronic structures of the carrier and the Ru nano-particles can be changed, the electron donating capability of the carrier is improved, the metal-carrier interaction is enhanced, and activation of NH3 and dissociation of N2 are promoted; in addition, the doping also changes the stoichiometric ratio of the perovskite type oxide, oxygen vacancies are generated in crystal lattices, and the oxygen vacancies can significantly improve the transfer rate of charges from the carrier to the active metal, so that the Ru nanoparticles are activated. The ammonia decomposition reaction rate of the catalyst is improved by enhancing metal-carrier interaction and increasing the number of oxygen vacancies in crystal lattices, so that the catalyst shows excellent ammonia decomposition catalytic activity.

The utility model relates to a diagnostic imaging system and a radiation detector thereof. The radiation detector comprises an anode assembly, a cathode assembly, a conversion assembly and an irradiation assembly. In the diagnostic imaging system, radiation penetrates through the cathode assembly and reaches the conversion assembly, visible light and / or infrared light are / is emitted through the irradiation assembly to irradiate the conversion assembly, so that the radiation can be converted into electrons and holes in the conversion assembly, the electrons can be collected by the anode assembly, and the electrons are collected through the anode assembly. Therefore, the number change of electrons can be detected at the contact position of the signal generator and the anode assembly, the electrons can be converted into radiation site signals, radiation penetrating through a to-be-imaged object is detected, the transparent electrode is transparent to infrared light and / or visible light, the photoinduced quantum yield is increased, and the imaging quality is improved. The above effects improve the stability of the radiation detector in a radiation use environment.

The invention provides a medium manganese steel oxygen vacancy defect identification method and device. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a first oxygen vacancy defect area based on a measurement result of a positron annihilation lifetime spectrum and a Doppler broadening spectrum on a target sample block; aiming at each ultra-thin sample, observing the ultra-thin sample through a high-resolution transmission electron microscope, and collecting a bright field image and a dark field image of the ultra-thin sample; obtaining a second oxygen vacancy defect area based on the bright field image, the dark field image and the first oxygen vacancy defect area; performing electron energy loss spectrum analysis on the second oxygen vacancy defect area, and determining a third oxygen vacancy defect area and corresponding oxygen vacancy defect concentration in the ultrathin sample; and determining each target oxygen vacancy defect region and oxygen vacancy defect concentration of the target medium manganese steel sample according to the third oxygen vacancy defect region and oxygen vacancy defect concentration in each ultrathin sample. According to the invention, information such as position, number, size and distribution pattern of oxygen vacancy defects can be accurately obtained.

The invention discloses a battery electron level large-scale generalized eigenvalue problem solving method and system, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a generalized eigenvalue problem according to a Hamiltonian matrix # imgabs0 # and an overlapping matrix # imgabs1 # of battery material molecules; constructing linear equations in parallel on all integral nodes based on the search interval # imgabs2 #, performing solving under a low-precision scale, and constructing an iteration subspace Q by using a solving result; then performing Rayleigh-Ritz iteration updating on the iteration subspace Q under the low-precision scale and the high-precision scale in sequence to construct a right end item of a new linear equation set until the precision under the low-precision scale and the precision under the high-precision scale meet the requirements, and finally summarizing calculation results of all the sub-search intervals to obtain the electron energy level and the electron wave function of the battery material. The method aims at improving the calculation speed and solving performance of solving the large-scale generalized eigenvalue problem of the electronic level of the battery, and improving the calculation efficiency of the electronic level of the battery.

The invention discloses a compound and a preparation method thereof and an electronic device, the molecular structure general formula of the compound is shown in the specification, R is selected from one of the following structures, X1-X2 are respectively and independently selected from one of oxygen atoms, sulfur atoms, selenium atoms and nitrogen atoms, and X is a positive integer. X < 3 > to X < 4 > are respectively and independently selected from one of the following structures; and X < 5 > to X < 6 > are respectively and independently selected from any one of alkyl groups. According to the compound provided by the invention, the electron pushing and pulling capability in the compound is adjusted by changing the structures of a donor and an acceptor, so that the purpose of regulating and controlling molecular electron cloud distribution and energy level is achieved, and key physical properties such as emission wavelength, radiative transition rate (kr) and backlash crossing rate (kRISC) of a material are systematically regulated and controlled. The compound as a guest material of a luminescent layer has good comprehensive performance when being applied to organic electroluminescent devices for solution processing and vacuum evaporation.

The invention provides a Se anion-doped ferric phosphate pyrophosphate / carbon positive electrode active material and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage device positive electrode active materials, the positive electrode active material comprises a ferric phosphate pyrophosphate base material and a carbon coating layer, in the crystal structure of the base material, part of O is partially replaced by Se, and the general formula of the base material is Na4Fe3 (PO4) 2 (P2O7-xSex), x is less than or equal to 1.0; o < 2-> is partially replaced by Se < 2-> in a crystal structure of a matrix material to construct a Se-doped solid solution, so that an electron energy band structure of the material is regulated and controlled; due to introduction of Se, the band gap of the material can be remarkably reduced, the electron conductivity can be improved, local lattice distortion can be caused, a Na < + > diffusion channel can be widened, and the ion migration capability can be improved; the material keeps a complete main phase structure, electron and ion transmission is synergistically optimized, and the rate capability is remarkably improved.

According to the deep ultraviolet light-emitting diode provided by the invention, the first sub-layer in the electron blocking layer is made of AlN or AlGaN material with relatively high Al content, has a relatively large band gap, can form a relatively high potential barrier, has a very strong blocking effect on electrons, and reduces electron leakage, so that more electrons can be remained in an active region to participate in compounding with holes, and thus the light-emitting efficiency of the deep ultraviolet light-emitting diode is improved. Therefore, the number of generated photons is increased, and the output power is improved. Meanwhile, by reasonably setting the Al component content difference of the first sub-layer and the second sub-layer, the electric field distribution situation in the electron blocking layer can be adjusted, the injection speed, injection direction and the like of electrons can be optimized through the internal electric field, the electrons can be more evenly and appropriately injected into the quantum well active layer, and the quantum well performance is improved. And better matched injection with holes is formed, so that the recombination probability of electrons and holes is improved, and finally, the output efficiency of the deep ultraviolet light-emitting diode is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of polymer synthesis, in particular to a dynamic response type polymer with aggregation-induced emission characteristics and a preparation method and application thereof. The dynamic response type polymer is formed by polymerizing raw materials including a compound containing a diphenylmethane structure and a derivative thereof and a sulfur-containing side chain or a directly connected sulfur-containing group compound. The dynamic response type polymer disclosed by the invention realizes a dynamic luminescence process, and solves the problems that the original AIE polymer is simple in luminescence process, low in information encryption degree and unobvious in environmental response signal; the total visible light emission can be conveniently and accurately adjusted by changing the electron supply and absorption capacity of the core group structure, the real-time emission adjustment capacity of the same material is achieved, industrial-grade raw materials and a mature synthesis process are adopted, the cost is low, synthesis is convenient, and the 4D dynamic anti-counterfeiting encryption material has wide application prospects in the field of 4D dynamic anti-counterfeiting encryption.

The application discloses a method for producing formaldehyde at low temperature, and belongs to the technical field of formaldehyde production. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a high-efficiency catalyst by taking iron nitrate nonahydrate, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and lithium hydride as raw materials; feeding mixed gas of methanol and air into a reactor filled with the high-efficiency catalyst under the condition that the temperature is 250-280 DEG C; and collecting gas at the outlet of the reactor to complete the method for producing formaldehyde at low temperature. The embedding of lithium can expand the crystal lattices of the catalytic products, thereby generating a large number of oxygen vacancies, enhancing the electron-donating capacity, and enabling the adsorption of p-formaldehyde to be quickly dissociated and the active sites to be quickly reduced at a relatively low temperature, so that the activity of subsequent catalysis is ensured. The plasma treatment can increase the surface area and the number of active sites of the high-efficiency catalyst, and further improve the catalytic activity. The method for producing formaldehyde at low temperature can improve the conversion rate of methanol and the yield of formaldehyde at a relatively low temperature, and is helpful to reduce energy consumption and reduce the volatilization of Mo.

The application discloses a pressure sensor based on friction nanogenerator, which can be deployed in a wearable device for monitoring pulse fluctuation, or deployed in an electronic device with a touch screen for detecting touch action. The sensor comprises two friction layers and at least one electrode layer. The two friction layers are respectively made of materials with different electron loss and gain abilities. The surface of at least one friction layer comprises a multi-stage micro-nano structure for inducing equal and opposite net charges corresponding to the applied pressure on the two friction layers under pressure. The multi-stage micro-nano structure comprises at least two kinds of micro-nano columnar structures with different heights. The electrode layer is used for generating current based on the net charges. The application can make the pressure sensor maintain high sensitivity to large static force through the designed multi-stage structure with different heights, and can expand the measurement range of the pressure sensor, so that the sensor maintains the same or similar sensitivity under various static forces.

The present invention discloses a β-amyloid protein probe and a preparation method and application thereof. The skeleton of the β-amyloid protein probe can effectively increase the ICT effect of the probe, so that the probe has a larger emission wavelength and a larger fluorescence intensity enhancement factor before and after binding to the Aβ protein. At the same time, it uses a nitrogen-containing six-membered aromatic ring as an electron acceptor, which not only has better electron-withdrawing ability, but also the large steric hindrance of the electron acceptor after the probe enters the hydrophobic cavity of the Aβ protein can strengthen the restriction on molecular torsion, and trigger a more efficient ICT effect with the thiophene-containing π bridge. At the same time, this type of nitrogen-containing six-membered aromatic ring can combine well with the β-sheet structure of the Aβ protein, effectively improving the binding ability of the probe to the Aβ protein and the Aβ protein selectivity. Therefore, the probe can be used for labeling Aβ protein and preparing an imaging agent for labeling Aβ protein.

The application discloses a method for realizing ionosphere aircraft stealth based on regulating and controlling electron distribution of tail area, first, evolution time scales under different non-extended parameters are calculated; and according to the superhot electron energy and particle flux per unit time required by different non-extended parameters, a radio frequency discharge plasma generator is controlled to generate plasma corresponding to the non-extended parameters; then, in the grid electric field, electrons enter the acceleration field area, and ions are directly discharged to the tail area of the aircraft without acceleration; the regulation and control duration under different non-extended parameters is determined by the evolution time scale corresponding to the non-extended parameter. The application changes the electron distribution of the ionosphere aircraft tail area by randomly injecting high-energy electrons into the tail area of the aircraft, regulates and controls the evolution law and characteristic scale of the non-linear local cavity in the tail area which cannot be eliminated, makes the anti-stealth method of monitoring the motion of the density cavity to detect the ionosphere stealth aircraft invalid, and thus realizes the stealth of the ionosphere stealth aircraft.

The present invention relates to the field of conjugated molecules, and discloses an A-D-A type indacenodithiophene planar conjugated derivative, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof. The present invention creatively designs and synthesizes an A-D-A type indacenodithiophene planar conjugated derivative, uses an indacenodithiophene unit as the molecular center, introduces benzodithiophene as a π-bridge structure to regulate its light absorption, and connects an electron-withdrawing group at the end to promote carrier transport. The A-D-A type indacenodithiophene planar conjugated derivative is used as an additive for the active layer of an organic solar cell, has good light absorption complementarity with currently high-performance active layer materials, and at the same time has good charge transport characteristics and appropriate electron energy levels. The indacenodithiophene conjugated derivative synthesized by the present invention has reasonable energy levels and good light absorption ability, and can effectively improve the short-circuit current and photoelectric conversion efficiency of an organic solar cell.

Disclosed in the present application are a solar cell, a manufacturing method, an electrical device and a power generation device. The solar cell comprises a light-absorbing layer, the light-absorbing layer comprising a light-absorbing material and a passivation material, and the passivation material containing at least one of an organic amine or a derivative thereof. The passivation material provided by the embodiments of the present application contains nitrogen, nitrogen possess a lone pair of electrons, and the lone pair of electrons can enhance the binding capability between the passivation material and the light-absorbing material, so that the stability of the crystal structure of the light-absorbing material is improved, which helps the passivation material to passivate defects of the light-absorbing material and improve the film quality of the light-absorbing layer, thus improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells.

The invention discloses an acupuncture anesthesia system which comprises a grounding device, a wire and an acupuncture needle, one end of the grounding device is used for being conductively connected with the ground, the other end of the grounding device is conductively connected with one end of the wire, and the other end of the wire is conductively connected with the acupuncture needle; negative electrons in the ground can sequentially flow through the grounding device, the wire and the acupuncture needle to enter acupuncture points and blood of a human body or an animal body. The grounding device is directly communicated with the ground, and a ground super-large capacitor is used as a stable electron source; efficient and stable electron transmission is realized through a conductive path constructed by a wire; by means of an automatic electronic conduction path formed by the grounding device, the wire and the acupuncture needle, negative electron injection and analgesia can be continuously carried out for a long time without continuous manual operation, and therefore the analgesia effect of needle anesthesia is comprehensively improved.

The present application relates to a kind of 2-phenyl substituted triarylethene photochromic material and preparation method and application, the prepared photochromic material can be by adjusting the steric hindrance and electron-withdrawing ability of 2-substituent group to the photochromic performance of triarylethene Realize significant regulation.This material has low raw material price, simple synthesis step, fast response and excellent fatigue resistance, so that the triarylethene material of original stimulus response single and between structure and photochromic property has no obvious rule is improved, is expected to have wide application prospect in high-speed information storage and fast biological imaging etc.In addition, the present application is suitable for anti-fake, photosensitive decoration, optical information storage, single-molecule logic gate, super-resolution fluorescence imaging, green printing and additive manufacturing etc. by different steric hindrance and electron-withdrawing substituent group to adjust photochromic color saturation.

The invention discloses a near-infrared fluorescent probe molecule for kidney clearance as well as a preparation method and application of the near-infrared fluorescent probe molecule. The chemical structural formula of the near-infrared fluorescent probe molecule is # imgabs0 #, wherein X is S or Se. The molecule adopts a D-pi-A-pi-D structural design, and a triphenylamine group is used as an electron donor and a rotor unit, so that a molecular skeleton is obviously distorted, and the molecule is endowed with an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic. The introduction of the ethylene glycol fragment can be used for regulating and controlling the hydrophilicity of the probe. The strong electron acceptor has excellent electron withdrawing capability, can enhance the intramolecular charge transfer effect, reduces the molecular band gap, and extends the absorption / emission wavelength to a near-infrared region. The kidney clearance near-infrared fluorescent probe molecule provided by the invention has kidney clearance capability, is simple and convenient in synthesis route, low in cost and excellent in biocompatibility, and is suitable for realizing early diagnosis of acute kidney injury caused by various causes through near-infrared two-region fluorescence imaging.

The invention provides an improved camera for electron diffraction pattern analysis, and particularly relates to a device for detecting a Kikuchi diffraction pattern. The apparatus comprises: an electron column adapted to provide, in use, an electron beam directed toward the sample, the electron beam having an energy in the range of 2 keV to 50 keV, and; an imaging detector for receiving and counting electrons from the sample due to the interaction of the electron beam with the sample, the detector comprising an array of pixels and having a count rate capability of at least 2000 electrons per second for each pixel wherein: the imaging detector is adapted to provide electron energy filtering of the received electrons, the particle detector has an active region and a diffraction pattern for counting received electrons representing said diffraction pattern, and the particle detector has an inert layer on a surface on which electrons enter towards the active region of the detector, where the inert layer disperses the detection energy of 20 keV incident electrons having an energy dispersion of a full width at half maximum of less than 3.2 keV. The invention also provides a method for detecting the Kikuchi diffraction pattern.

The invention discloses a thin-film photovoltaic module and a method for improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the thin-film photovoltaic module, and the thin-film photovoltaic module comprises a glass layer, a front electrode layer, a power generation layer and a back electrode layer which are sequentially stacked together. The method for improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the thin-film photovoltaic module comprises the following steps: sequentially performing P1 and P2 scribing on a front electrode layer and a power generation layer of the thin-film photovoltaic module, and dividing the front electrode layer and the power generation layer into a plurality of independent sub-battery blocks; light emitted by a light source is controlled to penetrate through a plurality of independent sub-battery blocks obtained through the P1 scribed line and the P2 scribed line, so that the light is absorbed and converted into electron energy, and current is generated; respectively testing the current of the plurality of independent sub-battery blocks, and comparing the current of each sub-battery block with a current threshold to screen out abnormal sub-battery blocks of which the current is smaller than the current threshold; and controlling the back electrode layer of the thin film photovoltaic module to carry out P3 scribing, and skipping the screened abnormal sub-cell blocks during P3 scribing.

The present invention discloses a D-A type molecule with phthalimide as the acceptor, a preparation method, an evaluation method for excited state dynamics and uses thereof. The D-A type molecule with phthalimide as the acceptor is based on phthalimide as the acceptor and carbazole and its derivatives as donors to prepare three compact D-A binary groups. Through structural characterization and related performance analysis and testing of the D-A type molecule with phthalimide as the acceptor, the photoexcited state dynamics of dense electron donor-acceptor compounds is deeply understood, which is of great significance for designing highly efficient heavy-atom-free triplet photosensitizers and developing high-performance organic sensors, dye-sensitized solar cells and other materials. A D-A type molecule with phthalimide as the acceptor, a preparation method and an evaluation method for excited state dynamics disclosed by the present invention provide several D-A type molecules with phthalimide as the acceptor, and study the influence of the electron-donating ability and solvent polarity on the excited state dynamics of the D-A type molecules.