119 results about "Electron energy" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of electron energy measurement, and discloses an electron spectrometer and an electron energy spectrum measurement method and system.The electron spectrometer comprises a magnetic deflection unit used for receiving an incident to-be-measured electron beam, generating a magnetic field and applying the magnetic field to all to-be-measured electrons in the to-be-measured electron beam; the scintillator fluorescent screen is arranged at the downstream of the magnetic deflection unit and used for receiving the deflected electrons to be detected, and the electrons bombard the scintillator fluorescent screen and generate light spots; the optical acquisition unit is used for acquiring a light spot image on the scintillator fluorescent screen; and the signal processing unit is used for processing the light spot image so as to identify the spatial position information of the light spot in the light spot image and convert the spatial position information into electronic energy data. The method has the beneficial effects that the unification of high resolution and high measurement efficiency is realized, and the problem of signal accumulation under a high counting rate of a traditional direct measurement method and the inherent defect of low efficiency of a scanning type magnetic spectrometer are overcome.

The invention belongs to the technical field of organic dye synthesis and application, and discloses a conjugated compound containing a benzothiophenazine structure as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and the conjugated compound containing the benzothiophenazine structure has excellent photophysical properties, singlet oxygen yield and superoxide anion generation capacity. The novel conjugated compounds ENBO-NI and ENBS-NI containing benzothiophenazine structures are successfully prepared by replacing a benzene ring of Nile blue with a cycloalkane structure and adjusting the electron donating ability of an R1 group. The two compounds have near infrared fluorescence emission, good solubility and relatively high ROS yield. Compared with a classical photosensitizer NB, the singlet oxygen yield of ENBO-NI is increased by about 117.65%, and the singlet oxygen yield of ENBS-NI is as high as 70%. The absorption wavelength of the conjugated compound is in a red light wave band. The preparation process is simple and efficient, large-scale production is easy, and the preparation method has a wide clinical application prospect.

The application discloses a method for producing formaldehyde at low temperature, and belongs to the technical field of formaldehyde production. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a high-efficiency catalyst by taking iron nitrate nonahydrate, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and lithium hydride as raw materials; feeding mixed gas of methanol and air into a reactor filled with the high-efficiency catalyst under the condition that the temperature is 250-280 DEG C; and collecting gas at the outlet of the reactor to complete the method for producing formaldehyde at low temperature. The embedding of lithium can expand the crystal lattices of the catalytic products, thereby generating a large number of oxygen vacancies, enhancing the electron-donating capacity, and enabling the adsorption of p-formaldehyde to be quickly dissociated and the active sites to be quickly reduced at a relatively low temperature, so that the activity of subsequent catalysis is ensured. The plasma treatment can increase the surface area and the number of active sites of the high-efficiency catalyst, and further improve the catalytic activity. The method for producing formaldehyde at low temperature can improve the conversion rate of methanol and the yield of formaldehyde at a relatively low temperature, and is helpful to reduce energy consumption and reduce the volatilization of Mo.

The application discloses a pressure sensor based on friction nanogenerator, which can be deployed in a wearable device for monitoring pulse fluctuation, or deployed in an electronic device with a touch screen for detecting touch action. The sensor comprises two friction layers and at least one electrode layer. The two friction layers are respectively made of materials with different electron loss and gain abilities. The surface of at least one friction layer comprises a multi-stage micro-nano structure for inducing equal and opposite net charges corresponding to the applied pressure on the two friction layers under pressure. The multi-stage micro-nano structure comprises at least two kinds of micro-nano columnar structures with different heights. The electrode layer is used for generating current based on the net charges. The application can make the pressure sensor maintain high sensitivity to large static force through the designed multi-stage structure with different heights, and can expand the measurement range of the pressure sensor, so that the sensor maintains the same or similar sensitivity under various static forces.

The application discloses a method for realizing ionosphere aircraft stealth based on regulating and controlling electron distribution of tail area, first, evolution time scales under different non-extended parameters are calculated; and according to the superhot electron energy and particle flux per unit time required by different non-extended parameters, a radio frequency discharge plasma generator is controlled to generate plasma corresponding to the non-extended parameters; then, in the grid electric field, electrons enter the acceleration field area, and ions are directly discharged to the tail area of the aircraft without acceleration; the regulation and control duration under different non-extended parameters is determined by the evolution time scale corresponding to the non-extended parameter. The application changes the electron distribution of the ionosphere aircraft tail area by randomly injecting high-energy electrons into the tail area of the aircraft, regulates and controls the evolution law and characteristic scale of the non-linear local cavity in the tail area which cannot be eliminated, makes the anti-stealth method of monitoring the motion of the density cavity to detect the ionosphere stealth aircraft invalid, and thus realizes the stealth of the ionosphere stealth aircraft.

The invention discloses an acupuncture anesthesia system which comprises a grounding device, a wire and an acupuncture needle, one end of the grounding device is used for being conductively connected with the ground, the other end of the grounding device is conductively connected with one end of the wire, and the other end of the wire is conductively connected with the acupuncture needle; negative electrons in the ground can sequentially flow through the grounding device, the wire and the acupuncture needle to enter acupuncture points and blood of a human body or an animal body. The grounding device is directly communicated with the ground, and a ground super-large capacitor is used as a stable electron source; efficient and stable electron transmission is realized through a conductive path constructed by a wire; by means of an automatic electronic conduction path formed by the grounding device, the wire and the acupuncture needle, negative electron injection and analgesia can be continuously carried out for a long time without continuous manual operation, and therefore the analgesia effect of needle anesthesia is comprehensively improved.

The invention provides an improved camera for electron diffraction pattern analysis, and particularly relates to a device for detecting a Kikuchi diffraction pattern. The apparatus comprises: an electron column adapted to provide, in use, an electron beam directed toward the sample, the electron beam having an energy in the range of 2 keV to 50 keV, and; an imaging detector for receiving and counting electrons from the sample due to the interaction of the electron beam with the sample, the detector comprising an array of pixels and having a count rate capability of at least 2000 electrons per second for each pixel wherein: the imaging detector is adapted to provide electron energy filtering of the received electrons, the particle detector has an active region and a diffraction pattern for counting received electrons representing said diffraction pattern, and the particle detector has an inert layer on a surface on which electrons enter towards the active region of the detector, where the inert layer disperses the detection energy of 20 keV incident electrons having an energy dispersion of a full width at half maximum of less than 3.2 keV. The invention also provides a method for detecting the Kikuchi diffraction pattern.

The application provides an ion source upper cover assembly and an ion source device. The fixed shielding cage in the ion source upper cover assembly can prevent the annular filament from being directly in contact with external structures to cause deformation or damage. The structure of the annular filament can effectively push the hot electrons emitted by the annular filament towards the ionization chamber, improve the ionization effect, and the ion source device is provided with the annular filament. The annular filament, the ionization cylinder and the shielding cage are coaxial, so that the electrons emitted by the annular filament can move in a more uniform electric field, thereby improving the probability of electron bombardment on the sample gas and improving the ionization efficiency and stability of the ion source device. Meanwhile, the ion source device has a wide range of emission current dynamic interval, strong anti-interference ability and wide range of sensitivity linear plateau area. The total pressure focusing electrode structure in the ion source device can also monitor the vacuum value in the detected space in real time, thereby playing a role in protecting the filament and the vacuum system.

This invention relates to the fields of organic synthesis and organic electronics, particularly to cyanobutadiene derivatives and their preparation methods and applications, and polymer semiconductor materials and their preparation methods and applications. The cyanobutadiene derivatives have the following general structural formula (1) or (2): This invention develops a series of cyanobutadiene derivative-based electron-deficient building blocks with simple structures, strong electron-withdrawing capabilities, and easy synthesis. These electron-deficient building blocks can be used as acceptor units in the development of organic photovoltaic, organic thermoelectric, and organic field-effect transistor materials.

This invention discloses a method and system for screening high-performance layered nitride thermoelectric materials, comprising: obtaining a series of crystal structures of initial layered nitrides; performing magnetic tests on the materials using first-principles calculations to select non-magnetic materials; optimizing the structure of non-magnetic materials, and after calculation convergence, performing static calculations and electronic band structure calculations to select materials with a band gap range of 0.1~3 eV and high band structure degeneracy; calculating the partial charge density of the materials to determine whether there is a two-dimensional electron gas, i.e., alternating conductive and insulating layers; determining stability by performing phonon spectrum and molecular dynamics simulations on the materials to select materials with no imaginary frequencies in the phonon spectrum and stable dynamics; calculating the thermal transport properties of the materials, obtaining the lattice thermal conductivity and Green'sson parameters, and searching for materials with strong anharmonicity; and finally performing electrical transport calculations to obtain the ZT value of the materials.

The invention discloses a method for estimating potential track microstructure damage of a GaN device under an electron energy loss mechanism. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a GaN device structure model; simulating the motion trail of the high-energy heavy ion incidence device through numerical calculation; calculating energy deposition space-time distribution of the high-energy heavy ions along the incident trajectory under the leading of the electron energy loss mechanism; solving the coupling dual-temperature heat conduction equation of the electronic system and the lattice atomic system to obtain the temperature space-time distribution of the lattice atomic system; according to the temperature space-time distribution of the lattice atomic system, whether latent track microstructure damage is generated or not is judged by comparing the highest temperature of the lattice atomic system with the melting point of a device crystal material; and under the condition of judging that the latent track damage is generated, drawing a temperature change curve chart of lattice atoms at different positions, and determining the position of the crystal atom of which the highest temperature is equal to the melting point of the crystal material as the radius size of the latent track microstructure damage. According to the method, the latent track microstructure damage characteristics of the device can be quantitatively and quickly obtained at low cost.

This invention discloses a polycyclic compound and an organic electroluminescent device containing the same. The invention introduces a bridged ring structure to reduce the electron-donating ability of nitrogen atoms, and further weakens this ability through a bridged ring and benzene ring structure, avoiding a redshift in the material's emission. Compared to the benzene ring, the twisted structure of the bridged ring weakens the intermolecular interactions caused by this planar configuration, which is more conducive to the dispersion of dopants in the host material, effectively avoiding fluorescence quenching and improving luminescence efficiency. Simultaneously, the use of a double boron framework allows the material to maintain a narrow half-width at half-maximum (WHM), resulting in devices fabricated using the compound of this invention exhibiting excellent performance in terms of efficiency and lifetime.

This invention discloses a method for calculating the breakdown field strength of cable insulation of different thicknesses at different temperatures. The method includes the following steps: conducting surface potential decay experiments on XLPE samples of different thicknesses to obtain surface potential decay curves; obtaining trap parameters for XLPE samples of different thicknesses based on the surface potential decay curves; substituting the trap parameters into a bipolar carrier model to calculate the change in electron energy inside the XLPE sample with the applied pressure time; determining that the XLPE sample has broken down when the electron energy is greater than the trap energy level calculated from the surface potential decay experiment; recording the DC breakdown field strength of XLPE samples of different thicknesses at different temperatures to construct a DC breakdown field strength prediction model for XLPE samples. This invention can accurately evaluate the DC breakdown field strength of various types of XLPE samples, has the advantages of convenient operation and high universality, and shows high accuracy compared with actual experiments.

The invention belongs to the technical field of organic light-emitting materials and semiconductors, and particularly relates to a condensed ring organic compound containing boron and nitrogen heteroatoms and an electroluminescent device. According to the invention, a rigid condensed ring containing boron and nitrogen heteroatoms is taken as a parent nucleus, and a multi-element heterocyclic structure is introduced, so that the rigidity and steric hindrance of the parent nucleus are enhanced, the stability of the steric configuration of the compound is improved, and the electron donating capability of the parent nucleus is enhanced through a conjugation effect. Different electron donating / withdrawing groups are connected to specific positions on a rigid condensed ring containing boron and nitrogen heteroatoms for modification, and the constructed condensed ring organic compound containing boron and nitrogen heteroatoms has proper orbital energy level and triplet state energy, so that the efficiency of an organic light-emitting device is improved, and the service life of the organic light-emitting device is prolonged; the organic light-emitting material can be used as a high-performance light-emitting layer material or a hole transport layer or an electron transport layer to be applied to organic light-emitting devices.

The invention provides a multi-polar binary structure regulator and a preparation method and application thereof, sulfonic acid groups contained in the multi-polar binary structure regulator can give full play to the polar effect of polyamido and epoxy groups in the anionic polymerization process of conjugated diene (1, 3-butadiene), on one hand, the electron donating ability is greatly improved, and on the other hand, the polar effect of the polyamido and epoxy groups can be fully played; on one hand, the reaction is promoted to move towards a pi-lithium allyl structure, on the other hand, the association degree of the initiator is improved, and under the synergistic effect of the two aspects, the content of the 1, 2-structure can be efficiently regulated and controlled, so that the high-vinyl low-gel-content polybutadiene liquid rubber can be prepared.

According to the electron transport material provided by the invention, functional groups with strong electron withdrawing capability, such as triazine, pyridine and pyrimidine, are introduced to a parent nucleus, so that the electron mobility of the electron transport material can be effectively improved; the sp3 hybrid carbon at the 9 position of the fluorene ring can maintain the spatial configuration of the compound, the poor film-forming property and the short device life caused by molecular stacking are avoided, the specific functional group of the cyano group is introduced, the electron mobility of the electron transport material is further improved, the problem of electron-hole imbalance in the organic electroluminescent device is solved, and the organic electroluminescent device has good application prospects. Meanwhile, the high triplet state energy level (ET) and the wide band gap of the material are ensured, the luminous efficiency is further improved, the energy level matching degree of each layer of a device is improved, the driving voltage is reduced, the service life of the device is prolonged, and compared with the prior art, the material has excellent device performance.

The invention discloses an electron cyclotron synchronous acceleration method and system based on dynamic magnetic field modulation, belongs to the technical field of particle acceleration, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the magnetic field adjustment precision is low, and the stability of the acceleration process is difficult to guarantee due to the non-uniform frequency change of the magnetic field in the dynamic magnetic field modulation process. Comprising the following steps: S1, monitoring electron energy change in real time; s2, dynamically adjusting magnetic field intensity and distribution based on energy change; s3, adjusting the electromagnetic wave frequency to be matched with the electron cyclotron frequency; s4, optimizing space-time distribution of the magnetic field; the electronic energy change is accurately matched, the acceleration energy loss is greatly reduced, the speed and position of the electron beam are tracked through high-precision detection equipment by means of the energy monitoring module, the electronic energy change information is acquired and calculated in real time, and accurate data support is provided for magnetic field adjustment; after receiving the energy data, the control unit drives the magnetic field adjusting module to dynamically adjust the magnetic field intensity to ensure that the electron cyclotron frequency is always synchronous with the magnetic field.

The invention belongs to the field of biotechnology and nano materials, and relates to a method for regulating and controlling nZVI-bacteria heteroaggregation state and migration behavior. The electron transfer efficiency of the nano zero-valent iron is adjusted by controlling the aging degree or sulfuration degree of the nano zero-valent iron, and the heteroaggregation behavior and hydrodynamic diameter of bacteria and nZVI are accurately intervened by utilizing the energy trend motion response of electroactive bacteria to electron donors. The method covers material preparation, energy trend activity and different agglomeration state determination, porous medium co-migration performance evaluation and pollutant removal efficiency verification. Results show that the aging treatment reduces the electron donating ability of nZVI, inhibits different agglomeration and promotes long-distance co-migration, and is suitable for large-range repair of a pollution plume diffusion region; and the vulcanization treatment enhances electron transfer, induces strong different agglomeration and realizes targeted interception, and is suitable for fixed-point repair of a pollution source area.

The application discloses a mixed dose calculation method based on an electron energy deposition kernel, Monte Carlo simulation is adopted for photons, the collision and transportation process is simulated in detail, different methods are adopted according to the energy of electrons, the dose distribution of low-energy and medium-energy electrons with energy lower than a threshold value in space is calculated by using a pre-calculated energy deposition kernel, and Monte Carlo transportation is carried out for high-energy electrons, and the energy deposition kernel is used when the energy of the high-energy electrons is reduced to the threshold value. The setting of the energy threshold value in the application influences the precision and speed, the precision is high and the simulation speed is slow when the threshold value is low, the speed is fast and the precision is lower when the threshold value is high, a low energy threshold value is set in a region with relatively high precision requirement, and a high energy threshold value is set in a region with less importance, so that the Monte Carlo-analytical coupling method of the region mixing is realized, and the calculation efficiency is improved while the precision is ensured.

This invention relates to a highly stable far-infrared electrothermal composite material and its preparation method, belonging to the field of inorganic ceramic electrothermal functional materials. The composite material comprises alumina, graphene, silver nanowires, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, synergistically modified far-infrared ceramic material, conductive silver paste, and polyvinylpyrrolidone; wherein the synergistically modified far-infrared ceramic material is formed by modifying the electronic energy levels of strontium hafnium salt ceramic through synergistic lattice defect regulation by tungsten and zirconium ions. By constructing an inorganic ceramic-based composite system and introducing a dual-ion synergistic modification structure and a multi-scale conductive network, this invention effectively improves the far-infrared radiation capability, electrothermal conversion efficiency, and high-temperature stability of the material, showing promising application prospects.

The invention discloses a chiral lead-free perovskite flexible X-ray detector based on enantiomer proportion regulation and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of photoelectric detectors, and the method comprises the following steps: introducing proportion-adjustable chiral organic cations (S-CHEA and R-CHEA) into a Bi / Sb-based lead-free perovskite precursor to form (S1-rR r-CHEA) 4 (Bi < 0.5 > Sb < 0.5 >) 2I < 10 > perovskite; according to the method, a local asymmetric electric field and an ordered chiral environment are formed in the material by regulating and controlling the proportion and crystal structure of the enantiomers, and the local inversion symmetry of the crystal is destroyed by the effect, so that the spin degeneracy of an electron energy band is broken, the momentum overturning process related to spin is promoted, the exciton dissociation and carrier separation efficiency is enhanced, and the efficiency of the material is improved. And a new regulation and control way is provided for improving the performance of the device. According to the mechanism, the separation and transmission efficiency of current carriers is remarkably improved, the charge collection performance of the detector in X-ray detection is further enhanced, and a foundation is laid for large-scale preparation and commercial application of devices.

This invention discloses a method for analyzing soft X-ray gain phenomena in trapped ions and the cavity type of the X-ray laser, mainly relating to the field of soft X-ray gain phenomena. The method includes: S1, calculating the small-signal gain coefficient α of the X-ray gain medium to obtain numerical information about the gain coefficient α; S2, the above calculation in S1 requires simulating ion source conditions, selecting different electron densities and incident electron energy points; S3, considering the differences between the ion source and the plasma environment, calculating the small-signal gain coefficient at the center frequency; and S4, analyzing the obtained data. The beneficial effects of this invention are: through the X-ray resonant cavity structure, the output beam can achieve high coherence and good beam quality similar to conventional lasers. It supports high repetition rates and even continuous wave operation, and through continuous collisional excitation and ion reuse in ultra-high vacuum, it eliminates the dependence on driving lasers and target materials, thereby improving peak gain.

The application provides a semiconductor laser and a preparation method thereof. The semiconductor laser comprises, which are sequentially stacked in a first direction, a lower confinement layer, a lower waveguide layer, an electron energy relaxation structure, an active layer, an upper waveguide layer and an upper confinement layer. The electron energy relaxation structure comprises, which are sequentially stacked in the first direction, a first barrier layer, an electron energy relaxation layer and a second barrier layer. The second barrier layer is located between the electron energy relaxation layer and the active layer. The energy level of the conduction band bottom of the first barrier layer and the energy level of the conduction band bottom of the second barrier layer are higher than the energy level of the conduction band bottom of the electron energy relaxation layer respectively.

A system configured to provide a non-thermal plasma from a variety of feed gases is described. The system includes a plasma applicator; a feed gas source providing a gas flow to the plasma applicator; a power supply configured to deliver electrical power via a transmission line to an electrode of the plasma applicator; a signal generator configured to provide a drive signal to the power supply; and a controller. The controller is configured to receive at least one input status parameter associated with a quality of plasma delivered by the plasma applicator; and provide at least one parameter value for at least one parameter defining an output signal waveform of the power supply. The at least one parameter value is taken from the group consisting of: duty factor, pulse rate, pulse width, pulse delay, pulse modulation and pulse shape.

The application belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and specifically provides a C9H7F3O3 modified LLZTO-based PEO composite solid electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, to solve the problem that the PEO-based solid electrolyte in the prior art is prone to lithium dendrite puncture in the cycle process. The application introduces C9H7F3O3 (4-methoxy-2-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid) as a modifier. Due to its unique bifunctional structure, on the one hand, the carboxyl group can undergo acid-base neutralization reaction with the main impurities on the surface of LLZTO, eliminating the serious passivation of high impedance impurities on the interface, and enhancing the interface stability of the electrolyte to lithium metal; on the other hand, the trifluoromethyl group optimizes the lithium ion transmission mechanism by virtue of its strong electron-withdrawing ability and unique "weak solvation" effect; at the same time, the trifluoro group also helps to induce the construction of a stable solid electrolyte interface film rich in LiF, and cooperatively inhibits the growth of lithium dendrites, thereby significantly improving the cycle life of the all-solid-state lithium ion battery.

A method for measuring an atomic scale microscopic thermal conductivity, said method being based on a focused ion beam-based sample preparation method and scanning transmission electron microscopy-electron energy loss spectroscopy. A temperature gradient is generated by locally heating a sample in a scanning transmission electron microscope; the temperature is measured in the electron microscope by means of electron energy loss spectrums; local heating in a nano-scale region of a sample is realized, and a stable temperature field having a large temperature gradient is constructed; and atomically resolved phonon spectrum detection and temperature measurement are realized in space. Local temperature information and a relative value of a microscopic thermal conductivity can be measured at an atomic scale, so that the quantitative analysis of the microscopic thermal conductivities of structures at different positions inside the sample can be performed; and the present invention has the advantages of accurate measurement, high spatial resolution, capability of studying nano-scale thermal transport and micro-zone thermal conductivity, etc., and is suitable for samples having complex structures and a plurality of material systems.

Electrode active material for lithium-ion batteries, comprising active material particles (1) having a first coating (2) of a solid electrolyte, wherein the active material particles (1) have a second coating (3) of an electron-conducting material applied to the first coating (2), and wherein the first coating (2) is applied to the active material in such a thickness that electron transport through the first coating (2) can take place, characterized in that the electrode active material of the active material particles is LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4.

The application provides an organic electroluminescence device, and relates to the technical field of organic electroluminescence. The organic electroluminescence device comprises an anode, an organic layer and a cathode, the organic layer comprises a hole transport region, the hole transport region comprises a first hole transport layer and a second hole transport layer, the first hole transport layer contains a carbazole derivative shown in structural formula 1, and the second hole transport layer contains an arylamine compound shown in structural formula 2. The organic electroluminescence device can not only effectively transport holes, but also make the transport of holes and electrons more balanced, and can also limit the carriers in the light-emitting layer, so that the holes and electrons can effectively combine in the light-emitting layer to form excitons to emit visible light. Therefore, the organic electroluminescence device has excellent photoelectric properties, specifically, has a low driving voltage, a high luminous efficiency and a long service life.

The application provides a self-healing ion-electron integrated adhesive and a preparation method thereof. The adhesive is a triblock copolymer (PHUP) formed by copolymerization of three monomers of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA), 2-(3-(6-methyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-yl)ureido) ethyl methacrylate (UPyMA) and polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA), and is formed by in-situ reaction of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) on a negative electrode sheet of a full solid-state battery. The adhesive has both fast ion and electron conducting capacity and excellent self-repairing function, effectively improving the specific capacity and cycle stability of the full solid-state battery.

An ion generation device apparatus is provided, comprising: an arc chamber housing, forming an ion source arc chamber; a thermionic emitter, comprising a filament and a cathode positioned at an end of the ion source arc chamber; and a guide member, positioned around the cathode to form a guide channel, wherein a top end surface of the guide member protrudes higher than an upper surface of the cathode, wherein at least two gas inlets positioned on the ion source arc chamber are correspondingly and symmetrically positioned on two sides of a central extension line of the cathode, to more evenly provide a source gas to the ion source arc chamber. In addition, electrons are enabled to move as far as possible to the gas inlets by using the guide member, thereby increasing an opportunity that the electrons react with the gas.