106results about How to "High degree of ionization" patented technology

A surface wave plasma (SWP) source couples microwave (MW) energy into a processing chamber through, for example, a radial line slot antenna, to result in a low mean electron energy (T_e). An ICP source, is provided between the SWP source and the substrate and is energized at a low power, less than 100 watts for 300 mm wafers, for example, at about 25 watts. The ICP source couples energy through a peripheral electric dipole coil to reduce capacitive coupling.

The invention relates to mass spectrometers with an ion source, comprising a UV laser system for mass spectrometric analyses with ionization of analyte molecules in a sample by matrix-assisted laser desorption, which, with very low energy losses, can produce a spatially distributed spot pattern with several intensity peaks of equal height, thus making it possible to achieve an optimum degree of ionization of analyte ions for any task. Such a spot pattern can be generated from the UV beam with high transverse coherence, using a combination of a lens array and a lens, provided that the lens array satisfies a mathematical condition for separation of the micro-lenses from each other (pitch) and their focal length. For example, a lens array with square or round lenses produces a pattern of nine and five spots, respectively. The lens arrays are inexpensive and do not require any lateral adjustment in this arrangement.

A method for detecting bio-available cadmium in soil includes steps: S100, sample collection and pretreatment, to be more specific, sampling soil, subjecting sampled soil to air drying at the room temperature, grinding, and filtering through a 200-mesh screen to obtain a soil sample; weighing 1-5g of the soil sample, adding into a 250mL polytetrafluoroethylene centrifugal cup, adding 25mL of 1mol/L ammonium chloride solution and 25mL of 80% ethanol solution, cleaning through an ultrasonic cleaner, centrifuging through a centrifuge, filtering supernatant through a filter membrane to obtain extract liquid, and adopting HNO3 solution in concentration of 1% to obtain a constant volume; S200, determination of the concentration of bio-available cadmium in the extract liquid, to be more specific,adopting an inductively coupled plasma source mass spectrometer for creating a standard curve for determining different concentrations of bio-available cadmium according to an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method; adopting the inductively coupled plasma source mass spectrometer for measuring concentration of bio-available cadmium in the extract liquid according to the standard curve; S300, result analysis, to be more specific, calculating the content of bio-available cadmium in the soil sample according to measured soil sample mass and measured extract liquid concentration.

A high-temperature resistant lithium ion electrolyte belongs to the technical field of a lithium battery electrolyte and comprises a lithium salt and an organic solvent and also comprises 1,2-bi(trimethylsilyl) ethylene, 1,3-dimethyl-1,1,3,3-tetraethylene disiloxane, 2,4,6-triethylene-2,4,6-trimethylcyclotrisiloxane or 1,3-divinyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-disilazane. In the battery electrolyte, the charge-discharge performance of a lithium battery can be effectively improved due to addition of the substance into the electrolyte, side reaction is reduced, so that the battery bubbling is reduced, andthe cycle lifetime of the battery is prolonged.

The invention discloses an interpenetrating polymer network modified pre-crosslinked profile control agent and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1), adding a monomer A and a monomer B into deionized water and adding a sodium hydroxide solution to neutralize the monomer A to be neutral or weakly acid; (2), adding a pasting monomer C and a crosslinking agent into the mixed solution obtained in the step (1); (3), adding calcined kaolin and calcined bentonite into the product obtained in the step (2) and uniformly mixing; (4), preparing an initiator into an aqueous solution and then adding the aqueous solution into the product obtained in the step (3); (5), soaking and washing the reaction product obtained in the step (4) through distilled water to wash out residual alkali and monomers in the reaction product, so as to obtain a gelatinous product; (6), taking out the gelatinous product and then putting the gelatinous product into a methanol aqueous solution so as to obtain a dehydration product; (7), grinding and smashing the dehydration product so as to obtain the interpenetrating polymer network modified pre-crosslinked profile control agent. The produced pre-crosslinked particles for water injection well profile control have the advantage that at a high-temperature hypersalinity low-permeability reservoir, the swelling rate of the pre-crosslinked particles absorbing water can meet the requirement that the pre-crosslinked particles enter the deep part of a bottom layer.

The invention relates to an oxidized polyethylene wax emulsion water-repellent agent which is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 35-40% of oxidized polyethylene wax, 3-5% of compound mixed emulsifying agent of Tween-60, Span-80 and disproportionated rosin, 0.2-0.4% of silicon dioxide nano powder and the balance of water. The water-repellent agent has pH of 7-8 and viscosity of 150-450 mP*s. The emulsion is modified by nano silicon dioxide, so that the blend-modified emulsion stably exists in the form of adsorbing gas atom on nano-sized concave surface, and is equivalent to a layer of stable gas film on macroscopic surface, and oil or water cannot directly contact the surface of the material, therefore, the material surface presents hydrophobicity and oleophobicity, and obtains super-hydrophobic super-oleophobic effects. The product also has certain fire retardancy, and can meet waterproof and moistureproof functions as well as combustion-supporting performance of carton and pasteboard high-grade paper products.

The invention provides a method for preparing paraformaldehyde. The method comprises the following steps of: concentrating formaldehyde solution to between 75 and 85 weight percent, and pumping the concentrated formaldehyde solution to a buffer tank; adding a polymerization inhibitor and a catalyst into the buffer tank in turn, wherein the reaction temperature in the buffer tank is between 90 and 110 DEGC and the average residence time of the materials in the buffer tank is 0.1 to 5 hours; and performing polymerization reaction on the concentrated formaldehyde solution, and drying the obtained reaction product to obtain a paraformaldehyde product with low polymerization degree. The method has the advantages of simple operation and low equipment investment; and the aldehyde content of the paraformaldehyde obtained by using the method meets the requirement of high-end industries, and the paraformaldehyde has the advantages of low polymerization degree and stable quality.

The invention discloses extract and method for extracting tea saponin from oil-tea seed residue. The extract is an alkaline ethanol solution with pH value of 8-13, the alkali is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, the volume percentage concentration of the ethanol is 50-90%, and the balance is water. The method comprises the steps of: smashing and drying the oil-tea seed residue, degreasing, drying and screening, then extracting by using the extract at a temperature of 40-95 DEG C for 2-7 hours, centrifugally separating, and removing the deposit to obtain the ethanol extract including the tea saponin. By adopting the extract and the method of the invention, the tea saponin in the oil-tea seed residue can be sufficiently extracted with higher yield; and the method is simple and easy to implement.

A multicharged ions generating source that is easy to manufacture, excellent in controllability and maintainability, high in degree of ionization and large in beam intensity and a charged particle beam apparatus using the same are disclosed. The multicharged ions generating source includes an ion source electrode (3) comprising an electron source (4), a drift tube (5) that constitutes an ion trapping region and a collector (6), a superconducting magnet (11) for ion entrapment, an ion infeed means (20, 22), a first vacuum chamber (2) receiving the ion source electrode (3), a second vacuum chamber (10) receiving the superconducting magnet (11), and a vacuum pumping unit (15, 16) provided for each of the first and second vacuum chambers. The first and the second vacuum chambers (2) and (10) are made removable from each other, and only the ion source electrode (3) to be held at extremely high vacuum can be baked for degassing.

The invention belongs to the field of transparent conductive thin films, relates to a preparation method of an Al-doped ZnO transparent conductive thin film, and in particular relates to an inductively coupled plasma reinforced physical vapour deposition (ICP-PVD) method. The ICP-PVD method comprises the following steps of: firstly preparing a Zn1-xAlxO (x is more than or equal to 0.01 and is less than or equal to 0.05) target material; and placing a clean and dry substrate into an ICP-PVD system, and controlling all the technological parameters of the ICP-PVD system to carry out thin film deposition, so as to obtain the Al-doped ZnO transparent conductive thin film. The method provided by the invention adopts simple equipment, is easy to operate and can realize large-area and mass production of coating films. Compared with the traditional thin film equipment, the ICP-PVD system realizes constrain and acceleration effects on various charged particles in plasma, thus crystallization quality of the thin film and controllability of doping of a donor are improved, a ZnO thin film with low resistivity, high transmissivity and good repeatability and stability can be easily obtained, andthe thin film can be applied to photoelectronic devices.

The invention discloses a high-tenacity less-splashing self-shielded coated flux-cored welding wire. The high-tenacity less-splashing self-shielded coated flux-cored welding wire comprises a welding wire matrix and a coating applied on the surface of the welding wire matrix, wherein the welding wire matrix consists of a low-carbon steel skin and a flux core arranged in the low-carbon steel skin by filling. The flux core comprises, by weight, 15-30% of rutile,1-2% of ferroniobium, 1-3% of aluminum powder, 1-2% of magnesium powder, 6-10% of fluoride, 0.5-1% of magnesite clinker, 0.5-0.9% of zircon sand and 52-70% of iron powder, wherein F/(Mg+Al)=0.015-0.05, the magnesium powder is converted into magnesium, Mg refers to a weight percentage of the magnesium accounting for the flux core raw materials, the aluminum powder is converted into aluminum, Al refers to a weight percentage of the aluminum accounting for the flux core raw materials, the fluoride is converted into fluorine, and F refers to a weight percentage of the fluorine accounting for the flux core raw materials. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the high-tenacity less-splashing self-shielded coated flux-cored welding wire. The high-tenacity less-splashing self-shielded coated flux-cored welding wire has the advantages that tensile strength can be above 840 MPa, elongation at break exceeds 20%, impact energy of weld joints is higher than 10 J at minus 30 DEG C, and less splashing during welding is achieved. The preparation method is simple and easily controllable, and production cost is saved.

The invention relates to application of 2-phenyl-3-(p-aminophenyl) acrylonitrile as a matrix in analyzing carbohydrates through MALDI-MS (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Mass Spectrometry). 2-phenyl-3-(p-aminophenyl) acrylonitrile as a reactive matrix for analyzing the carbohydrates through the MALDI-MS has high sensitivity and high selectivity, so that the problems that the ionizationefficiency of the carbohydrates in MALDI is low and the carbohydrates are often inhibited by other samples are solved. 2-phenyl-3-(p-aminophenyl)acrylonitrile can undergo non-reductive amination reaction with the aldehyde group of the carbohydrates and further can be used as a carbohydrate derivatization reagent so as to improve the ionization efficiency of the carbohydrates in the MALDI-MS; on the other hand, 2-phenyl-3-(p-aminophenyl)acrylonitrile also can be used as an MALDI matrix for assisting desorption ionization of the carbohydrates.

The invention discloses a process and device for coating a steel strip through ECR microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition and relates to the field of chemical plating. After being unfolded in the air and chemical pre-treatment or plasma pre-treatment, the steel strip enters an ECR microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition unit through a vacuum tunnel and a vacuum sealing device and then a precursor, a carrier gas and a reaction gas are introduced into the ECR microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition unit to generate plasma to coat the strip steel with a film; and after coating, the steel strip passes through a closed device and enters the air to be coiled completely and the whole coating process is finished. The process and the device can be used in the field of steel vacuum coating or on laboratory equipment. Given the industrialization of vacuum coating, the process and the method can be further promoted and have wide prospects.

The invention discloses a surface coupling induced ionization technology, which comprises any one of the following steps of: (1) feeding a first beam of electromagnetic wave into a material through afree space or a waveguide to excite a surface plasma wave; introducing target molecules to be ionized into the surface of the material, coupling electrons of the target molecules with surface plasmonpolaritons on the material by controlling interaction, and inducing the target molecules to be ionized; (2) synchronously passing through a free space or a waveguide, and then feeding a second beam and subsequent electromagnetic waves into an ionization region of target molecules on the surface of the material, so that the ionized target molecules are absorbed, and the ionization degree of the target molecules is improved; and (3) releasing the target molecules in the form of bulk phase plasmas to realize surface coupling induced ionization. The invention also discloses a plasma device.

The invention relates to a mass spectrometer comprising a laser system for mass-spectrometric analyses with ionization of analyte molecules in a sample by matrix-assisted laser desorption. A mass spectrometer with a pulsed UV laser system produces a spatially distributed spot pattern with peaks of uniform energy density on the sample, increasing thereby the degree of ionization for analyte ions as compared to conventional spot patterns. The spot pattern with peaks of uniform energy density can be produced by homogeneous illumination of a pattern generator, for example a lens array. The homogeneous illumination can be generated by a low-cost beam-shaping element, which does not act on the UV beam but on the original infrared beam, in conjunction with changes to the beam cross-section and beam profile brought about by the nonlinear conversion crystals. This beam shaping not only produces a beam profile which illuminates the pattern generator homogeneously with low losses, but at the same time increases the efficiency of the frequency multiplication and the lifetime of the conversion crystals so that cost savings are achieved because less laser energy is required and the lifetime is increased.

The invention relates to a sulfate-type hydrophilic chain extender and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fine chemical industry. The sulfate-type hydrophilic chain extender is prepared by performing a sulfating reaction on some hydroxyl groups in polyether polyol. The sulfate-type hydrophilic chain extender has a relatively high ionization degree, can be applied to preparation of aqueous polyurethane and can endow an aqueous polyurethane emulsion with excellent electrolyte-resistant stability.

The invention provides a special matrix for camphor tree seedling, which is of a block shape and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-85 parts of coir fibers, 15-20 parts of a multi-aggregation agent, and 0.1-0.2 part of humic acid. The production process comprises the following steps: roughening the coir fibers, and adding little zymophyte for sufficient fermenting treatment; uniformly mixing and stirring the fermented coir fibers, the multi-aggregation agent and the humic acid to prepare a mixture; compressing the mixture by a molding machine to obtain a fluffy cylindrical block; and enclosing the periphery of the cylindrical block by a non-woven fabric to form a culturing matrix with upper and lower openings. The proportion of the components of the special matrix sufficiently takes the growth of camphor tree seedling, and the seedling matrix has an excellent three-phase structure of fertilizer and water maintenance and ventilation.