11110 results about "Ammonium" patented technology

The present methods provide tools for growing conformal metal thin films, including metal nitride, metal carbide and metal nitride carbide thin films. In particular, methods are provided for growing such films from aggressive chemicals. The amount of corrosive chemical compounds, such as hydrogen halides, is reduced during the deposition of transition metal, transition metal carbide, transition metal nitride and transition metal nitride carbide thin films on various surfaces, such as metals and oxides. Getter compounds protect surfaces sensitive to hydrogen halides and ammonium halides, such as aluminum, copper, silicon oxide and the layers being deposited, against corrosion. Nanolaminate structures incorporating metallic thin films, and methods for forming the same, are also disclosed.

There is provided the reagent layer composition that can substantially reduce the measurement bias arising from hematocrits. The addition of fatty acid (4-20 carbons) and quaternary ammonium salt to a commonly used reagent layer composition composed of an enzyme, an electron transfer mediator, and several water soluble polymers not only reduce the hematocrit level-dependent bias but also provide very stable performance for an extended period of time. Disclosed are also various types of sub microliter sample volume electrochemical biosensors that are suitable to use with the reagent layer composition of present invention.

The invention is directed to aqueous liquid laundry detergent compositions for cleaning and imparting fabric care benefits to fabrics laundered therewith and to methods for preparing such compositions. Such compositions comprise (A) at least one textile-cleaning surfactant; (B) droplets of miscible silicones comprising both a polarly-functionalized, preferably nitrogen-containing amino or ammonium functionalized, polysiloxane component and a nitrogen-free non-functionalized or non-polarly-functionalized polysiloxane component; and (C) a perfume component comprising fragrant aldehydes and/or ketones or a pro-perfume capable of providing such aldheyde and/or ketone perfume materials in situ. Incorporation of a polarly-functionalized polysiloxane fabric care agent into liquid laundry detergent compositions by miscibly combining it with a non-functionalized or non-polarly functionalized polysiloxane minimizes the undesirable interaction such polarly-functionalized silicone material might otherwise have with aldehyde and/or ketone perfume compounds.

A topical insecticide is provided which can be safe to use and avoids many common deleterious side effects of conventional topical insecticides. The insecticide contains an insecticide and an insect growth regulator effective for killing fleas, flea larvae and flea eggs. The insecticide is formulated by dissolving an insecticidal (tetrahydro-3-furanyl) methylamine derivative or a chloronicotinyl insecticide and an insect growth regulator (IGR) in a solvent containing a quaternary ammonium salt to increase the solvency of the IGR component, thereby providing an insecticide having high insecticidal activity.

A topical insecticide is provided which can be safe to use and avoids many common deleterious side effects of conventional topical insecticides. The insecticide contains an insecticide and an insect growth regulator effective for killing fleas, flea larvae and flea eggs. The insecticide is formulated by dissolving an insecticidal (tetrahydro-3-furanyl) methylamine derivative and an insect growth regulator (IGR) in a solvent containing a quaternary ammonium salt to increase the solvency of the IGR component, thereby providing an insecticide having high insecticidal activity.

An environmentally beneficial method of producing methanol from varied sources of carbon dioxide including flue gases of fossil fuel burning power plants, industrial exhaust gases or the atmosphere itself. Converting carbon dioxide by an electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide in a divided electrochemical cell that includes an anode in one cell compartment and a metal cathode electrode in another cell compartment that also contains an aqueous solution comprising methanol and an electrolyte of one or more alkyl ammonium halides, alkali carbonates or combinations thereof to produce therein a reaction mixture containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen which can be subsequently used to produce methanol while also producing oxygen in the cell at the anode.

The present invention provides a comprehensive solution to skin problems of infants and incontinent adults related to diaper rash, also known as diaper dermatitis. This is based on certain novel divalent metal and quaternary ammonium complexes (ion-pairs) of zeolites (that are made by an in-situ process), which in synergistic combination with certain other compositions, provide a comprehensive treatment for diaper rash that encompasses the following aspects: (1) deactivation of lipase and protease enzymes on skin surface, (2) the controlled-release delivery of skin protectant compositions, such as divalent metal zinc cation, (3) trapping of acidic and alkaline chemicals deposited on skin from body exudates and enzyme activity, (4) controlled-release delivery of anti-inflammatory agents, and COX and LOX enzyme inhibitors, (5) controlled-release delivery of antibacterial and antifungal compositions, and (6) absorption of excess moisture in the diaper zone.

An acidic aqueous hydrogen peroxid solution is provided, with improved disinfectant activity. Concentrated solutions preferably contain up to about 8% and as-used concentrations contain about 0.5% peroxide. The solution also contains from 0.1 to 5.0% of at least one acid compound, e.g. phosphoric and/or a phosphonate with from 1 to 5 phosphonic acid groups, and from 0.02 to 5% of at least one anionic surfactant. The surfactant is selected from C8 to C16-alkyl aryl sulphonic acids, sulphonated C12 to C22 carboxylic acids, C8 to C22-alkyl diphenyl oxide sulphonic acids, naphthalene sulphonic acids, C8 to C22 alkyl sulphonic acids, and alkali metal and ammonium salts thereof, and alkali metal C8 to C18 alkyl sulphates, and mixtures thereof. Most preferably the solution has an emulsifier, e.g. a salt of an alkylated diphenyl oxide. The solution may also contain corrosion inhibitors and/or lower alcohols.

The invention discloses a regeneration fluid for an SCR denitration catalyst, which comprises the following components: 0.001 to 1 weight percent of penetration enhancer JFC, 0.001 to 1 weight percent of surfactant OP-10, 0 to 1 weight percent of peregal, 0.6 to 4 weight percent of ammonium metavanadate, 5.5 to 12.5 weight percent of ammonium paratungstate, 0 to 6.5 weight percent of ammonium paramolybdate, and the balance of deionized water and acid. The regeneration fluid has the advantages that the regeneration fluid can also supplement active ingredients during the washing, and the activity recovery of the catalyst after the regeneration is up to between 90 and 105 percent; a nonionic surfactant is added into the regeneration fluid, so that the regeneration fluid improves the cleaning capability on the catalyst and cannot cause the damage to a catalyst carrier and other effective ingredients; and the regenerated catalyst fully can continue to be normally used, and the service life can reach more than 95 percent of that of a new catalyst.

The invention provides a catalytic cracking catalyst, a preparation method and an application method thereof. The catalyst contains high silica-alumina ratio REUSY zeolite prepared by a liquid-phase villiaumite method. The method for preparing the zeolite comprises: allowing NaY zeolite and inorganic ammonium salt solution to be in contact for ion exchange and washing; ensuring that the Na2O content of zeolite is lower than 6 weight percent; roasting the obtained product in a 100 percent steam atmosphere; allowing the obtained product to be in contact with fluosilicic acid solution for liquid-phase aluminum-pumping silicon-replenishing reaction; allowing the obtained product filtered and washed to be in contact with rare earth salt solution for ion exchange. The catalyst is used for heavy oil catalytic cracking, and has good capability of cracking heavy oil macromolecules, performance of reducing the olefin content of gasoline and performance of increasing the isoparaffin content of gasoline.

Sulfonate salts have the formula: CF₃—CH(OCOR)—CF₂SO₃⁻M⁺ wherein R is C₁-C₂₀ alkyl or C₆-C₁₄ aryl, and M⁺ is a lithium, sodium, potassium, ammonium or tetramethylammonium ion. Onium salts, oximesulfonates and sulfonyloxyimides and other compounds derived from these sulfonate salts are effective photoacid generators in chemically amplified resist compositions.

A composition and process for removing photoresist and/or sacrificial anti-reflective coating (SARC) materials from a substrate having such material(s) thereon. The composition includes a base component, such as a quaternary ammonium base in combination with an alkali or alkaline earth base, or alternatively a strong base in combination with an oxidant. The composition may be utilized in aqueous medium, e.g., with chelator, surfactant, and/or co-solvent species, to achieve high-efficiency removal of photoresist and/or SARC materials in the manufacture of integrated circuitry, without adverse effect on metal species on the substrate, such as copper, aluminum and/or cobalt alloys, and without damage to SiOC-based dielectric materials employed in the semiconductor architecture.

The present invention provides novel methods for removal and disposal of ammonia from spent dialysate in a dialysis system. Ammonium ions present in spent dialysate are converted into gaseous ammonia by raising the pH of the spent dialysate solution in a first reactor. Gaseous ammonia diffuses through a semi-permeable hydrophobic membrane at the outlet of the first reactor and into a second reactor via a gas channel. The second reactor converts gaseous ammonia into an ammonium compound for easy disposal.

An object of the present invention is to provide nickel cobalt manganese composite hydroxide particles having a small particle diameter and a uniform particle size distribution, and a method for producing the same.

[Solution]

A method for producing a nickel cobalt manganese composite hydroxide by a crystallization reaction is provided. The method includes: a nucleation step of performing nucleation by controlling a pH of an aqueous solution for nucleation including metal compounds containing nickel, cobalt and manganese, and an ammonium ion donor to 12.0 to 14.0 in terms of the pH as measured at a liquid temperature of 25° C. as a standard; and a particle growth step of growing nuclei by controlling a pH of an aqueous solution for particle growth containing nuclei formed in the nucleation step to 10.5 to 12.0 in terms of the pH as measured at a liquid temperature of 25° C. as a standard.

A curable binder composition consisting essentially of one or more ammonium salt of an inorganic acid and at least one carbohydrate, and the use thereof as a thermosetting binder. Also described are composite materials comprising the curable binder composition, and methods of application.

The present invention provides lysine based compounds of the formula;

and when the compound of formula I comprises an amino group, pharmaceutically acceptable ammonium salts thereof, wherein R₁ may be, for example, (HO)₂P(O)—, (NaO)₂P(O)—, alkyl-CO— or cycloalkyl-CO—, wherein X may be, for example, F, Cl, and Br, and wherein R₂ and R₃ are as defined herein.

The invention discloses a method for extracting tungsten, titanium and vanadium from a waste SCR (selective catalytic reduction) catalyst, which comprises the following steps: crushing the waste SCR catalyst, adding a strongly alkaline solution, and reacting; filtering, separating, then adding strong acid into the sodium tungstate and sodium vanadate mixed solution, and reacting to obtain tungstic acid and a sodium salt and vanadic acid mixed solution; regulating the pH value of the sodium salt and vanadic acid mixed solution until precipitate is separated out, thus obtaining ammonium vanadate; then adding sulfuric acid into the tungsten-and-vanadium-removed SCR catalyst, and reacting to obtain a titanyl sulfate solution and solids such as aluminum slag and the like; then adding water into the titanyl sulfate solution, and hydrolyzing to obtain titanic acid and a waste acid solution; and finally, respectively calcining the obtained ammonium vanadate, tungstic acid and titanic acid to obtain vanadium pentoxide, tungsten trioxide and titanium dioxide. According to the invention, tungsten, titanium and vanadium can be extracted from the SCR catalyst through the reaction with strong alkali and strong acid at a low temperature, the equipment requirement is low, the energy consumption is low, some products having added values can be coproduced, and no secondary pollution is generated, thereby facilitating popularization and application.

The invention provides an alkali treatment modifying method of a Y-shaped molecular sieve, which comprises the following steps of: beating and uniformly mixing the Y-shaped molecular sieve and a strong alkali aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of the molecular sieve, a strong alkali and distilled water as (0.1-2): (0.05-2): (4-15), and carrying out alkali treatment for 0.1-24 hours at the temperature of 0-120 DEG C; compared with a parent Y-shaped molecular sieve, the obtained molecular sieve has the advanced performance of higher N2 adsorptive capacity, larger water absorbing capacity and the like. On the basis of modified treatment, the invention also provides a preparation method of an NH4 molecular sieve and an ultrastable Y-shaped molecular sieve, which comprises ammonium exchange treatment and hydrothermal ultrastable treatment implemented for a modified NaY molecular sieve after alkali treatment, and the obtained NH4 molecular sieve has lower metallic ion residues; an obtained USY molecular sieve has more abundant secondary holes while keeping high degree of crystallinity, thereby improving the catalytic activity of the USY molecular sieve.

The invention discloses a process for producing vanadic anhydride by vanadium slag. The steps of the process comprise as follows: a, adding alkali metal salt in the vanadium slag, and mixing with each other uniformly, a mixture is obtained. b, laying the mixture obtained by step a into a calcining furnace to oxidize and calcine, vanadium slag grog is obtained. c, the calcined vanadium slag is discharged out of the furnace, fast cooling and performing water immersion. d, filtering the mixture obtained by step c, filter liquor is obtained. e, removing impurities in the filter liquor. f, adjusting the pH value of the filter liquor obtained by step e, adding ammonium salt to precipitate vanadium and filtering the filter liquor, then, ammonium peroxovanadate filter cake and ammonium metavanadate filter cake are obtained. g, calcining the filter cake after vanadium precipitation obtained by step f, and vanadic anhydride is obtained, wherein the content of the vanadic anhydride in the vanadium slag used in step a is 2.0%-8.0%. The invention has the advantages of simple and easy, low facility request, convenient operation and low cost, further, the residual quantity of the vanadic anhydride in waste slag is 0.55%-1.0%, which has fine economic benefit and social benefit.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a skeleton silicon-rich Y-shaped molecular sieve, comprising the following steps of: firstly, carrying out desiliconizing pretreatment on a NaY molecular sieve with alkali lye and secondly carrying out ammonium exchange and dealumination and silicon reinsertion on the molecular sieve treated with alkali. The alkali treatment condition is to pulp and evenly mix the NaY molecular sieve and an alkali liquor in the mass ratio of NaY (dry basis): alkali: H2O being (0.1-2): (0.05-2): (4-15) and carry out alkali treatment at 0-120 DEG C for 0.1-24h. Compared with a product obtained by carrying out ammonium exchange and silicon-rich treatment on the NaY molecular sieve, the skeleton silicon-rich Y-shaped molecular sieve subject to the desiliconizing pretreatment has higher infrared acid quantity, B acid quantity and secondary pore content. A catalyst prepared from an active component which is the skeleton silicon-rich Y-shaped molecular sieve prepared by the method has stronger heavy oil transformation capability and higher light oil recovery rate when being used for a heavy oil cracking reaction.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical layered body which is produced at low cost and is superior in all an antistatic property, hardness and optical properties such as haze and a total light transmittance.

An optical layered body comprising a light-transmitting substrate and a hard coat layer formed on the light-transmitting substrate,

• • wherein the hard coat layer is a resin layer formed from a hard coat layer-forming composition containing a quaternary ammonium salt having a weight average molecular weight of 1000 to 50000, a tri- or morefunctional (meth)acrylate compound having a weight average molecular weight of 700 or less, and a permeable solvent; and
  • a content of the quaternary ammonium salt in the hard coat layer is 0.5 to 18% by weight.

Extrusion of a mix containing a pharmaceutically active agent can be achieved using a plasticising excipient in an amount sufficient to act as plasticiser and also act as lubricant, thereby avoiding the need for inclusion of a lubricant. The invention provides multiparticulates with controlled release properties, substantially free of lubricant. The present invention is preferably directed to extruded multiparticulates containing an opioid such as oxycodone, an ammonium methacrylate copolymer such as Eudragit® RSPO, a plasticising excipient such as preferably stearyl alcohol and a water permeability modifier such as preferably Eudragit® RLPO. The obtained multiparticulates show a release rate profile which is pH-independent.

The present method provides tools for growing conformal metal nitride, metal carbide and metal thin films, and nanolaminate structures incorporating these films, from aggressive chemicals. The amount of corrosive chemical compounds, such as hydrogen halides, is reduced during the deposition of transition metal, transition metal carbide and transition metal nitride thin films on various surfaces, such as metals and oxides. Getter compounds protect surfaces sensitive to hydrogen halides and ammonium halides, such as aluminum, copper, silicon oxide and the layers being deposited, against corrosion. Nanolaminate structures (20) incorporating metal nitrides, such as titanium nitride (30) and tungsten nitride (40), and metal carbides, and methods for forming the same, are also disclosed.

The invention relates to an antimicrobial skin treatment composition and methods for producing and using an antimicrobial skin treatment composition. The antimicrobial skin treatment composition includes an antimicrobial package that can provide extended protection against germs and bacteria. The antimicrobial package can include any of the following: a quaternium ammonium antimicrobial agent, a protease enzyme, a preservative, a natural antimicrobial agent, or a lower alcohol. The composition can also include, among other ingredients, a thickening agent, a skin healing ingredient, a humectant, an emollient, a skin moisturizer, or water.

Methods for etching a material layer disposed on the substrate using a combination of a main etching step and a cyclical etching process are provided. The method includes performing a main etching process in a processing chamber to an oxide layer, forming a feature with a first predetermined depth in the oxide layer, performing a treatment process on the substrate by supplying a treatment gas mixture into the processing chamber to treat the etched feature in the oxide layer, performing a chemical etching process on the substrate by supplying a chemical etching gas mixture into the processing chamber, wherein the chemical etching gas includes at least an ammonium gas and a nitrogen trifluoride, wherein the chemical etching process further etches the feature to a second predetermined depth, and performing a transition process on the etched substrate by supplying a transition gas mixture into the processing chamber.

An antimicrobial substrate is disclosed, having adhered to at least a part of its surface an organosilicon quaternary ammonium salt compound, such as 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl-dimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride for example, and having a cationic, preferably hydrophilic, polymer, such as a polyethylene imine or polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride. A method is further disclosed for producing the substrate, as well as a composition for use in the production of the substrate.

A treatment for autism in which an effective amount of lactulose is administered in order to bind excess ammonia in the gastrointestinal tract, the bloodstream, and the nervous system in order to prevent or reverse ammonia poisoning caused by the administration of certain antibiotics. Lactulose molecules in the colon are fermented by certain bacteria. The fermentation process lowers the colonic pH, and ammonia, in the form of ammonium ions, is used by the bacteria for amino acid and protein synthesis. This lowers the serum ammonia levels and reduces neurotoxicity.

The invention describes a new method for treating sludge, which can result in the production of high nitrogen organically-augmented inorganic fertilizer that incorporates municipal sludges or biosolids or organic sludges that can compete with traditional fertilizers such as ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate and urea on the commodity fertilizer marketplace. The method takes advantage of the thixotropic property of dewatered biosolids or organic sludge to create a pumpable paste-like material from the biosolids or organic sludge that is then treated with an oxidizer to reduce odorant effects and an acid. This mix is then interacted with concentrated sulfuric and or phosphoric acids and an ammonia source or alternatively a hot or molten melt or salt of ammonium sulfate/phosphate to form a fertilizer mix. The present invention controls the heat, atmospheric pressure and retention time of the fertilizer mix in the reaction vessel. When a fertilizer melt is formed ammoniation is subsequently completed by the specific use of vaporized ammonia. The invention can also be an add-on to commercial production of ammonium salts. The fertilizer produced by the present invention contains more than 8 wt. % nitrogen and preferably 15 wt. % nitrogen. The invention is oriented to be tailored to the biosolids production for individual municipal waste treatment plants in order to keep the fertilizer manufacturing plants of the present invention small with a minimization of logistics and liability.

The invention discloses a fertilizing and conditioning agent for improving the saline alkali soil, and the fertilizing and conditioning agent includes an organic material, an inorganic material and a regulator for the plant growth, wherein, the weight proportion between the organic material and the inorganic material is 3:2 to 1:1. The organic material is fermented and maturated by one or a plurality of such organic matters as town living sludge, excrements of livestock and poultry, and furfural slag; and the inorganic material is formed by one or a plurality of such industrial waste and materials as desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum, and ammonium sulphate. Moreover, appropriate growth regulator for plant which is added according to the growing requirements can not only improve the saline alkali soil and fertilize the soil, but also can improve the plant growth and promote the plant to grow well as well as providing an effective path for promoting the recycling of the waste resources and reducing the secondary pollution to the town and the country.

An aqueous polishing composition comprises a corrosion inhibitor for limiting removal of an interconnect metal with an acidic pH. The composition includes an organic-containing ammonium salt formed with

R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ are radicals, R₁ has a carbon chain length of 2 to 15 carbon atoms. The organic-containing ammonium salt has a concentration that accelerates TEOS removal and decreases removal of at least one coating selected from the group consisting of SiC, SiCN, Si₃N₄ and SiCO.