26207 results about "Graphite" patented technology

A process for the selective production of ethanol by vapor phase reaction of acetic acid over a hydrogenating catalyst composition to form ethanol is disclosed and claimed. In an embodiment of this invention reaction of acetic acid and hydrogen over either cobalt and palladium supported on graphite or cobalt and platinum supported on silica selectively produces ethanol in a vapor phase at a temperature of about 250° C.

Graphitic nanotubes, which includes tubular fullerenes (commonly called "buckytubes") and fibrils, which are functionalized by chemical substitution or by adsorption of functional moieties. More specifically the invention relates to graphitic nanotubes which are uniformly or non-uniformly substituted with chemical moieties or upon which certain cyclic compounds are adsorbed and to complex structures comprised of such functionalized fibrils linked to one another. The invention also relates to methods of introducing functional groups onto the surface of such fibrils.

The present invention relates to a system for managing the heat from a heat source like an electronic component. More particularly, the present invention relates to a system effective for dissipating the heat generated by an electronic component using a thermal management system that includes a thermal interface formed from a flexible graphite sheet and/or a heat sink formed from a graphite article.

A process for the selective production of ethanol by vapor phase reaction of acetic acid over a hydrogenating catalyst composition to form ethanol is disclosed and claimed. In an embodiment of this invention reaction of acetic acid and hydrogen over a platinum and tin supported on silica, graphite, calcium silicate or silica-alumina selectively produces ethanol in a vapor phase at a temperature of about 250° C.

A heat sink assembly for an electronic device or a heat generating device(s) is constructed from an ultra-thin graphite layer. The ultra-thin graphite layer exhibits thermal conductivity which is anisotropic in nature and is greater than 500 W/m° C. in at least one plane and comprises at least a graphene layer. The ultra-thin graphite layer is structurally supported by a layer comprising at least one of a metal, a polymeric resin, a ceramic, and a mixture thereof, which is disposed on at least one surface of the graphite layer.

A golf club head is formed of a hollow body, the rear body portion of which includes a metallic stringer that extends along the crown-skirt interface and a plurality of ribs intersecting the metallic stringer to form a lattice frame, the openings of which are filled with an organic composite material such as graphite epoxy. An additional aperture formed in the skirt is also filled with the same graphite epoxy material. Because the graphite epoxy is lighter than the surrounding metal frame, the rear body portion of the golf club head is lighter than a comparable all metal club head. Yet, the presence of the metallic stringer and frame renders the metal-organic composite rear body portion substantially stiffer than a comparable all-composite rear body portion.

The present invention provides an exfoliated graphite-based hybrid material composition for use as an electrode, particularly as an anode of a lithium ion battery. The composition comprises: (a) micron- or nanometer-scaled particles or coating which are capable of absorbing and desorbing alkali or alkaline metal ions (particularly, lithium ions); and (b) exfoliated graphite flakes that are substantially interconnected to form a porous, conductive graphite network comprising pores, wherein at least one of the particles or coating resides in a pore of the network or attached to a flake of the network and the exfoliated graphite amount is in the range of 5% to 90% by weight and the amount of particles or coating is in the range of 95% to 10% by weight. Also provided is a lithium secondary battery comprising such a negative electrode (anode). The battery exhibits an exceptional specific capacity, excellent reversible capacity, and long cycle life.

A lubricant composition having improved lubricant properties, comprising:

(a) a lubricating fluid; and (b) nano graphene platelets (NGPs) dispersed in the fluid, wherein nano graphene platelets have a proportion of 0.001% to 60% by weight based on the total weight of the fluid and the graphene platelets combined. Preferably, the composition comprises at least a single-layer graphene sheet. Preferably, the lubricating fluid contains a petroleum oil or synthetic oil and a dispersant or surfactant. With the addition of a thickener or a desired amount of NGPs, the lubricant becomes a grease composition. Compared with graphite nano particle- or carbon nanotube-modified lubricants, NGP-modified lubricants have much better thermal conductivity, friction-reducing capability, anti-wear performance, and viscosity stability.

In an electrode structure for a lithium secondary battery including: a main active material layer formed from a metal powder selected from silicon, tin and an alloy thereof that can store and discharge and capable of lithium by electrochemical reaction, and a binder of an organic polymer; and a current collector, wherein the main active material layer is formed at least by a powder of a support material for supporting the electron conduction of the main active material layer in addition to the metal powder and the powder of the support material are particles having a spherical, pseudo-spherical or pillar shape with an average particle size of 0.3 to 1.35 times the thickness of the main active material layer. The support material is one or more materials selected from a group consisting of graphite, oxides of transition metals and metals that do not electrochemically form alloy with lithium. Organic polymer compounded with a conductive polymer is used for the binder. There are provided an electrode structure for a lithium secondary battery having a high capacity and a long lifetime, and a lithium secondary battery using the electrode structure and having a high capacity, a high energy density and a long lifetime.

A low temperature chemical route to efficiently produce nanomaterials is described. The nanomaterials are synthesized by intercalating ions into layered compounds, exfoliating to create individual layers and then sonicating to produce nanotubes, nanorods, nanoscrolls and/or nanosheets. It is applicable to various different layered inorganic compounds (for example, bismuth selenides/tellurides, graphite, and other metal complexes, particularly transition metal dichalcogenides compounds including oxygen, sulfur, tellurium or selenium).

Disclosed is a hybrid fiber tow that comprises multiple continuous filaments and nanoscale fillers embedded in the interstitial spaces between continuous filaments. Nanoscale fillers may be selected from a nanoscale graphene plate, non-graphite platelet, carbon nano-tube, nano-rod, carbon nano-fiber, non-carbon nano-fiber, or a combination thereof. Also disclosed are a hybrid fiber tow impregnated with a matrix material and a composite structure fabricated from a hybrid fiber tow. The composite exhibits improved physical properties (e.g., thermal conductivity) in a direction transverse to the continuous fiber axis. A roll-to-roll process for producing a continuous fiber tow or matrix-impregnated fiber tow and an automated process for producing composite structures containing both continuous filaments and nanoscale fillers are also provided.

This invention is directed to a composition comprising: (a) platinum group metal powder, alloys, or mixtures thereof as a powder or deposited on graphite supports; (b) poly(glycol ether), derivatives, or mixtures thereof; (c) carbon-based electrically conductive filler; and (d) thermoplastic polymer or mixtures thereof. The invention is further directed to a process for dispersing platinum group metal powder, alloys, or mixtures thereof in poly(glycol ether), derivatives, or mixtures thereof. The invention is further directed to the above composition wherein the platinum group metal powder has been dispersed according to the above process.

The invention provides a comprehensive recovering method of waste lithium iron phosphate batteries, which has simple and reasonable process, low recovering cost and high added value. The method comprises the following steps: utilizing an organic solvent to dissolve an adhesive on battery cell fragments, and realizing the separation of lithium iron phosphate material and clean aluminum and copper foils through screening, wherein the aluminum and copper foils are recovered by smelting; utilizing a NaOH solution to remove residual aluminum foil scraps in the lithium iron phosphate material, and removing graphite and remaining adhesive by heat treatment; after dissolving the lithium iron phosphate with acid, utilizing sodium sulphide to remove copper ions, and utilizing the NaOH solution or ammonia solution to allow iron, lithium and phosphorus ions in the solution to generate sediments; adding iron source, lithium source or phosphorus source compounds to adjust the molar ratio of iron, lithium and phosphorus; and finally adding a carbon source, and obtaining a lithium iron phosphate cathode material through ball milling and calcination in inert atmosphere. After the treatment of the steps, the recovery rate of valuable metals in the batteries is more than 95%, and the comprehensive recovery rate of the lithium iron phosphate cathode material is more than 90%.

High electron mobility transistors are provided that include a non-uniform aluminum concentration AlGaN based cap layer having a high aluminum concentration adjacent a surface of the cap layer that is remote from the barrier layer on which the cap layer is provided. High electron mobility transistors are provided that include a cap layer having a doped region adjacent a surface of the cap layer that is remote from the barrier layer on which the cap layer is provided. Graphitic BN passivation structures for wide bandgap semiconductor devices are provided. SiC passivation structures for Group III-nitride semiconductor devices are provided. Oxygen anneals of passivation structures are also provided. Ohmic contacts without a recess are also provided.

The invention provides crystalline nanoscale particles and tubes made from a variety of stoichiometries of BxCyNz where x, y, and z indicate a relative amount of each element compared to the others and where no more than one of x, y, or z are zero for a single stoichiometry. The nanotubes and nanoparticles are useful as miniature electronic components, such as wires, coils, schotky barriers, diodes, etc. The nanotubes and nanoparticles are also useful as coating that will protect an item from detection by electromagnetic monitoring techniques like radar. The nanotubes and nanoparticles are additionally useful for their mechanical properties, being comparable in strength and stiffness to the best graphite fibers or carbon nanotubes. The inventive nanoparticles are useful in lubricants and composites.

An electronic device comprises a body including a single crystal region on a major surface of the body. The single crystal region has a hexagonal crystal lattice that is substantially lattice-matched to graphene, and a at least one epitaxial layer of graphene is disposed on the single crystal region. In a currently preferred embodiment, the single crystal region comprises multilayered hexagonal BN. A method of making such an electronic device comprises the steps of: (a) providing a body including a single crystal region on a major surface of the body. The single crystal region has a hexagonal crystal lattice that is substantially lattice-matched to graphene, and (b) epitaxially forming a at least one graphene layer on that region. In a currently preferred embodiment, step (a) further includes the steps of (a1) providing a single crystal substrate of graphite and (a2) epitaxially forming multilayered single crystal hexagonal BN on the substrate. The hexagonal BN layer has a surface region substantially lattice-matched to graphene, and step (b) includes epitaxially forming at least one graphene layer on the surface region of the hexagonal BN layer. Applications to FETs are described.

A showerhead for use in a capacitively-coupled plasma chamber and made of low resistivity bulk layer coated with CVD SiC. The bulk low resitivity material may be, for example, graphite, Silicon Carbide (SiC), converted graphite, SiC+C, etc. Sintered SiC may be used as the bulk material coated with CVD SiC to provide a showerhead that is suitable for use in a capacitively-coupled plasma chamber.

A multilayer plastic composition having (I) an outer layer of a thermoplastic molding composition and (II) an inner layer of an electrically conductive thermoplastic molding composition containing graphite fibrils, which are useful for the transport of (petro)chemical materials and also in the motor vehicle sector for conveying brake, cooling and hydraulic fluid and also fuel.

The carbon electrode material of the present invention is used for a vanadium redox-flow cell. The carbon electrode material has quasi-graphite crystal structure in which <002> spacing obtained by X-ray wide angle analysis is 3.43 to 3.60 Å, size of a crystallite in c axial direction is 15 to 33 Å and size of crystallite in a axial direction is 30 to 70 Å. In addition, an amount of surface acidic functional groups obtained by XPS surface analysis is 0.1 to 1.2% and total number of surface bound-nitrogen atoms is 5% or smaller relative to total number of surface carbon atoms. The carbon electrode materials formed of a non-woven fabric of a carbonaceouss fiber is preferable.

Carbon nanostructures are mass produced from graphite. In particularly preferred aspects, graphene is thermo-chemically derived from graphite and used in numerous compositions. In further preferred aspects, the graphene is re-shaped to form other nanostructures, including nanofractals, optionally branched open-ended SWNT, nanoloops, and nanoonions.

A temporary shaft-component connection for assembling a selected golf club shaft with a club head and/or hand grip segment, to facilitate custom club design and fitting to suit the needs and preferences of an individual golfer. The temporary shaft-component connection is particularly designed for use with nonmetallic club shafts formed from a graphite-based composite material or the like having a range of different lengths and stiffness (whip) characteristics. In a shaft-head connection, a metal adapter insert is mounted onto a lower end of the club shaft and includes one or more flat surfaces for reception into a matingly shaped socket in the hosel of a selected club head to prevent relative rotation between the club shaft and head. A compression nut carried on the shaft is threaded onto the hosel to axially engage and retain a thrust flange on the shaft or adapter or adapter insert, to prevent axial separation of the club head and shaft.

A nanographitic composite for use as an anode in a lithium ion battery includes nanoscale particles of an electroactive material; and a plurality of graphene nanoplatelets having a thickness of 0.34 nm to 5 nm and lateral dimensions of less than 900 nm, wherein the electroactive particle has an average particle size that is larger than the average lateral dimension of the graphene nanoplatelets, and the graphene nanoplatelets coat at least a portion of the nanoscale particles to form a porous nanographitic layer made up of overlapping graphene nanoplatelets.

Surface films, paints, or primers can be used in preparing aircraft structural composites that may be exposed to lightning strikes. Methods for making and using these films, paints or primers are also disclosed. The surface film can include a thermoset resin or polymer, e.g., an epoxy resin and/or a thermoplastic polymer, which can be cured, bonded, or painted on the composite structure. Low-density electrically conductive materials are disclosed, such as carbon nanofiber, copper powder, metal coated microspheres, metal-coated carbon nanotubes, single wall carbon nanotubes, graphite nanoplatelets and the like, that can be uniformly dispersed throughout or on the film. Low density conductive materials can include metal screens, optionally in combination with carbon nanofibers.

Disclosed herein is an acoustic diaphragm for converting electrical signals into mechanical signals to produce sounds. The acoustic diaphragm comprises carbon nanotubes or graphite nanofibers as major materials. Preferably, the carbon nanotubes or graphite nanofibers are included or dispersed in the acoustic diaphragm. Since the acoustic diaphragm has excellent physical properties in terms of elastic modulus, internal loss and strength, it can effectively achieve superior sound quality and high output in a particular frequency band as well as in a broad frequency band.

The invention relates to a graphene composite material and a preparation method thereof. The graphene composite material provided by the invention is characterized in that a graphene material plate fixed on a metallic matrix serves as a carrier, and the elementary substance and/or a compound are compounded on the graphene surface. Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a method for preparing the graphene composite material. The graphene composite material prepared by the invention is opened between graphene sheets and is compounded with a chemical substance under the condition that a space body structure is formed, and the obtained material has high conductivity, high specific surface area and excellent performance of low electrical resistivity between the sheets, and can be widely applied to the fields of energy storage materials such as lithium ion batteries, super-capacitors, super lead carbon batteries, super nickel-carbon electrodes, solar energy and fuel cells, the field of heat dissipation materials, the field of environment-friendly adsorbing materials, the field of sea water desalination materials, the field of photoelectric sensor materials, the biological relevance field, the field of catalyst materials and the fields of conductive ink and coating materials.

Disclosed herein is an acoustic diaphragm for converting electrical signals into mechanical signals to produce sounds. The acoustic diaphragm comprises carbon nanotubes or graphite nanofibers as reinforcing agents. Preferably, the carbon nanotubes or graphite nanofibers are included or dispersed in the acoustic diaphragm or coated on the surface of the acoustic diaphragm. Since the acoustic diaphragm has excellent physical properties in terms of elastic modulus, internal loss, strength and density, it can effectively achieve superior sound quality and a high output in a particular frequency band as well as in a broad frequency band.

A piston ring has a diamond-like carbon film formed in a thickness of 0.5 to 30 micrometers over an under film on the upper and lower surfaces. The under film is directly formed on the surfaces, or formed on a hard surface treatment layer consisting of a gas nitrided layer or a chromium plating film. The diamond-like carbon is configured with any one of an amorphous carbon structure, an amorphous carbon structure having partly a diamond structure, or an amorphous carbon structure having partly a graphite structure. The under film is comprised of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of silicon, titanium, tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, niobium and vanadium in an atomic content of 70 percent or more and below 100 percent, and the remaining content consisting of carbon, or one or more of said elements in an atomic content of 100 percent. The films may also be formed in the same way on the outer circumferential surface of the piston ring.

In a method of making graphite devices, a preselected crystal face of a crystal is annealed to create a thin-film graphitic layer disposed against selected face. A preselected pattern is generated on the thin-film graphitic layer. A functional structure includes a crystalline substrate having a preselected crystal face. A thin-film graphitic layer is disposed on the preselected crystal face. The thin-film graphitic layer is patterned so as to define at least one functional structure.

High electron mobility transistors are provided that include a non-uniform aluminum concentration AlGaN based cap layer having a high aluminum concentration adjacent a surface of the cap layer that is remote from the barrier layer on which the cap layer is provided. High electron mobility transistors are provided that include a cap layer having a doped region adjacent a surface of the cap layer that is remote from the barrier layer on which the cap layer is provided. Graphitic BN passivation structures for wide bandgap semiconductor devices are provided. SiC passivation structures for Group III-nitride semiconductor devices are provided. Oxygen anneals of passivation structures are also provided. Ohmic contacts without a recess are also provided.

A zinc ion-exchanging battery device comprising: (A) a cathode comprising two cathode active materials (a zinc ion intercalation compound and a surface-mediating material); (B) an anode containing zinc metal or zinc alloy; (C) a porous separator disposed between the cathode and the anode; and (D) an electrolyte containing zinc ions that are exchanged between the cathode and the anode during battery charge/discharge. The zinc ion intercalation compound is selected from chemically treated carbon or graphite material having an expanded inter-graphene spacing d₀₀₂ of at least 0.5 nm, or an oxide, carbide, dichalcogenide, trichalcogenide, sulfide, selenide, or telluride of niobium, zirconium, molybdenum, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, titanium, vanadium, chromium, cobalt, manganese, iron, nickel, or a combination thereof. The surface-mediating material contains exfoliated graphite or multiple single-layer sheets or multi-layer platelets of a graphene material.