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27063 results about "Tin" patented technology

Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn (from Latin: stannum) and atomic number 50. Tin is a silvery metal that characteristically has a faint yellow hue. Tin, like indium, is soft enough to be cut without much force. When a bar of tin is bent, the so-called tin cry can be heard as a result of sliding tin crystals reforming; this trait is shared by indium, cadmium, and frozen mercury. Pure tin after solidifying keeps a mirror-like appearance similar to most metals. However, in most tin alloys (such as pewter) the metal solidifies with a dull gray color. Tin is a post-transition metal in group 14 of the periodic table of elements. It is obtained chiefly from the mineral cassiterite, which contains stannic oxide, SnO₂. Tin shows a chemical similarity to both of its neighbors in group 14, germanium and lead, and has two main oxidation states, +2 and the slightly more stable +4. Tin is the 49th most abundant element on Earth and has, with 10 stable isotopes, the largest number of stable isotopes in the periodic table, thanks to its magic number of protons. It has two main allotropes: at room temperature, the stable allotrope is β-tin, a silvery-white, malleable metal, but at low temperatures, it transforms into the less dense grey α-tin, which has the diamond cubic structure. Metallic tin does not easily oxidize in air.

Barrier material and process for Cu interconnect

A semiconductor diffusion barrier layer and its method of manufacture is described. The barrier layer includes of at least one layer of TaN, TiN, WN, TbN, VN, ZrN, CrN, WC, WN, WCN, NbN, AlN, and combinations thereof. The barrier layer may further include a metal rich surface. Embodiments preferably include a glue layer about 10 to 500 Angstroms thick, the glue layer consisting of Ru, Ta, Ti, W, Co, Ni, Al, Nb, AlCu, and a metal-rich nitride, and combinations thereof. The ratio of the glue layer thickness to the barrier layer thickness is preferably about 1 to 50. Other alternative preferred embodiments further include a conductor annealing step. The various layers may be deposited using PVD, CVD, PECVD, PEALD and / or ALD methods including nitridation and silicidation methods.
Owner:TAIWAN SEMICON MFG CO LTD

Technique for strain engineering in si-based transistors by using embedded semiconductor layers including atoms with high covalent radius

By incorporating an atomic species of increased covalent radius, which may at least partially substitute germanium, a highly efficient strain mechanism may be provided, in which the risk of stress relief due to germanium conglomeration and lattice defects may be reduced. The atomic species of increased radius, such as tin, may be readily incorporated by epitaxial growth techniques on the basis of tin hydride.
Owner:GLOBALFOUNDRIES INC

Memory cell incorporating a chalcogenide element

A memory cell incorporating a chalcogenide element and a method of making same is disclosed. In the method, a doped silicon substrate is provided with two or more polysilicon plugs to form an array of diode memory cells. A layer of silicon nitride is disposed over the plugs. Using a poly-spacer process, small pores are formed in the silicon nitride to expose a portion of the polysilicon plugs. A chalcogenide material is disposed in the pores by depositing a layer of chalcogenide material on the silicon nitride layer and planarizing the chalcogenide layer to the silicon nitride layer using CMP. A layer of TiN is next deposited over the plugs, followed by a metallization layer. The TiN and metallization layers are then masked and etched to define memory cell areas.
Owner:ROUND ROCK RES LLC

Method of epitaxial doped germanium tin alloy formation

A method for forming germanium tin layers and the resulting embodiments are described. A germanium precursor and a tin precursor are provided to a chamber, and an epitaxial layer of germanium tin is formed on the substrate. The germanium tin layer is selectively deposited on the semiconductor regions of the substrate and can include thickness regions of varying tin and dopant concentrations. The germanium tin layer can be selectively deposited by either alternating or concurrent flow of a halide gas to etch the surface of the substrate.
Owner:APPLIED MATERIALS INC

Method of epitaxial germanium tin alloy surface preparation

Methods of preparing a clean surface of germanium tin or silicon germanium tin layers for subsequent deposition are provided. An overlayer of Ge, doped Ge, another GeSn or SiGeSn layer, a doped GeSn or SiGeSn layer, an insulator, or a metal can be deposited on a prepared GeSn or SiGeSn layer by positioning a substrate with an exposed germanium tin or silicon germanium tin layer in a processing chamber, heating the processing chamber and flowing a halide gas into the processing chamber to etch the surface of the substrate using either thermal or plasma assisted etching followed by depositing an overlayer on the substantially oxide free and contaminant free surface. Methods can also include the placement and etching of a sacrificial layer, a thermal clean using rapid thermal annealing, or a process in a plasma of nitrogen trifluoride and ammonia gas.
Owner:APPLIED MATERIALS INC

Methods of forming highly p-type doped germanium tin films and structures and devices including the films

Methods of forming p-type doped germanium-tin layers, systems for forming the p-type doped germanium-tin layers, and structures including the p-type doped germanium-tin layers are disclosed. The p-type doped germanium-tin layers include an n-type dopant, which allows relatively high levels of tin and / or p-type dopant to be included into the p-type doped germanium-tin layers.
Owner:ASM IP HLDG BV

MODULATED DEPOSITION PROCESS FOR STRESS CONTROL IN THICK TiN FILMS

A multi-layer TiN film with reduced tensile stress and discontinuous grain structure, and a method of fabricating the TiN film are disclosed. The TiN layers are formed by PVD or IMP in a nitrogen plasma. Tensile stress in a center layer of the film is reduced by increasing N2 gas flow to the nitrogen plasma, resulting in a Ti:N stoichiometry between 1:2.1 to 1:2.3. TiN films thicker than 40 nanometers without cracks are attained by the disclosed process.
Owner:TEXAS INSTR INC

Direct and selective production of ethanol from acetic acid utilizing a platinum/tin catalyst

A process for the selective production of ethanol by vapor phase reaction of acetic acid over a hydrogenating catalyst composition to form ethanol is disclosed and claimed. In an embodiment of this invention reaction of acetic acid and hydrogen over a platinum and tin supported on silica, graphite, calcium silicate or silica-alumina selectively produces ethanol in a vapor phase at a temperature of about 250° C.
Owner:CELANESE INT CORP

Methods of forming highly p-type doped germanium tin films and structures and devices including the films

Methods of forming p-type doped germanium-tin layers, systems for forming the p-type doped germanium-tin layers, and structures including the p-type doped germanium-tin layers are disclosed. The p-type doped germanium-tin layers include an n-type dopant, which allows relatively high levels of tin and / or p-type dopant to be included into the p-type doped germanium-tin layers.
Owner:ASM IP HLDG BV

Method and apparatus for germanium tin alloy formation by thermal CVD

A method and apparatus for forming semiconductive semiconductor-metal alloy layers is described. A germanium precursor and a metal precursor are provided to a chamber, and an epitaxial layer of germanium-metal alloy, optionally including silicon, is formed on the substrate. The metal precursor is typically a metal halide, which may be provided by evaporating a liquid metal halide, subliming a solid metal halide, or by contacting a pure metal with a halogen gas. A group IV halide deposition control agent is used to provide selective deposition on semiconductive regions of the substrate relative to dielectric regions. The semiconductive semiconductor-metal alloy layers may be doped, for example with boron, phosphorus, and / or arsenic. The precursors may be provided through a showerhead or through a side entry point, and an exhaust system coupled to the chamber may be separately heated to manage condensation of exhaust components.
Owner:APPLIED MATERIALS INC

Methods for depositing a doped germanium tin semiconductor and related semiconductor device structures

A method for depositing a germanium tin (Ge1-xSnx) semiconductor is disclosed. The method may include; providing a substrate within a reaction chamber, heating the substrate to a deposition temperature and exposing the substrate to a germanium precursor and a tin precursor. The method may further include; depositing a germanium tin (Ge1-xSnx) semiconductor on the surface of the substrate, and exposing the germanium tin (Ge1-xSnx) semiconductor to a boron dopant precursor. Semiconductor device structures including a germanium tin (Ge1-xSnx) semiconductor formed by the methods of the disclosure are also provided.
Owner:ASM IP HLDG BV

Porous silicon particulates for lithium batteries

An anode structure for lithium batteries includes nanofeatured silicon particulates dispersed in a conductive network. The particulates are preferably made from metallurgical grade silicon powder via HF / HNO3 acid treatment, yielding crystallite sizes from about 1 to 20 nm and pore sizes from about 1 to 100 nm. Surfaces of the particles may be terminated with selected chemical species to further modify the anode performance characteristics. The conductive network is preferably a carbonaceous material or composite, but it may alternatively contain conductive ceramics such as TiN or B4C. The anode structure may further contain a current collector of copper or nickel mesh or foil.
Owner:TIEGS TERRY N

Parts for deposition reactors

Processing methods and internal reactor parts avoid peeling and particle generation caused by differences in the coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE's) between reactor parts and films deposited on the reactor parts in hot wall CVD chambers. Conventional materials for reactor parts have relatively low CTE's, resulting in significant CTE differences with modem films, which can be deposited on the surfaces of reactor parts during semiconductor processing. Such CTE differences can cause cracking and flaking of the deposited films, thereby leading to particle generation. Reactor parts, such as boats and pedestals, which undergo large thermal cycles even in a hot wall chamber, are made of materials having a CTE greater than about 5×10−6 K−1, in order to more closely match the CTE of deposited materials, such TiN. The decreased CTE differences decrease differences between the expansion and contraction of the reactor parts and deposited films, leading to decreased cracking, flaking and, ultimately, decreased particle generation.
Owner:ASM INTERNATIONAL

Spin-transfer torque magnetic random access memory having magnetic tunnel junction with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy

A spin-torque transfer memory random access memory (STTMRAM) element includes a fixed layer formed on top of a substrate and a a tunnel layer formed upon the fixed layer and a composite free layer formed upon the tunnel barrier layer and made of an iron platinum alloy with at least one of X or Y material, X being from a group consisting of: boron (B), phosphorous (P), carbon (C), and nitride (N) and Y being from a group consisting of: tantalum (Ta), titanium (Ti), niobium (Nb), zirconium (Zr), tungsten (W), silicon (Si), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), tin (Sn), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), hafnium (Hf) and bismuth (Bi), molybdenum (Mo) or rhodium (Ru), the magnetization direction of each of the composite free layer and fixed layer being substantially perpendicular to the plane of the substrate.
Owner:AVALANCHE TECH

Structures and devices including germanium-tin films and methods of forming same

Methods of forming germanium-tin films using germane as a precursor are disclosed. Exemplary methods include growing films including germanium and tin in an epitaxial chemical vapor deposition reactor, wherein a ratio of a tin precursor to germane is less than 0.1. Also disclosed are structures and devices including germanium-tin films formed using the methods described herein.
Owner:ASM IP HLDG BV

Method for forming metal nitride film

A wafer serving as a target substrate to be processed is loaded into a chamber, and an inside of the chamber is maintained under a vacuum level. Then, a TiN film is formed on the wafer by alternately supplying TiCl4 gas and MMH gas into the chamber while heating the wafer. NH3 gas is supplied in conjunction with the supply of the hydrazine compound gas.
Owner:TOKYO ELECTRON LTD

Powder material, electrode structure using the powder material, and energy storage device having the electrode structure

A powder material which can electrochemically store and release lithium ions rapidly in a large amount is provided. In addition, an electrode structure for an energy storage device which can provide a high energy density and a high power density and has a long life, and an energy storage device using the electrode structure are provided. In a powder material which can electrochemically store and release lithium ions, the surface of particles of one of silicon metal and tin metal and an alloy of any thereof is coated by an oxide including a transition metal element selected from the group consisting of W, Ti, Mo, Nb, and V as a main component. The electrode structure includes the powder material. The battery device includes a negative electrode having the electrode structure, a lithium ion conductor, and a positive electrode, and utilizes an oxidation reaction of lithium and a reduction reaction of lithium ion.
Owner:CANON KK

Lead free reduced ricochet limited penetration projectile

A frangible projectile with a specific gravity similar to a lead projectile. The projectile comprises 34-94%, by weight, binder. The binder comprises poly ether block amide resin. The projectile further comprises 6-66%, by weight, ballast. The ballast comprises at least one member selected from a group consisting of tungsten, tungsten carbide, molybdenum, tantalum, ferro-tungsten, copper, bismuth, iron, steel, brass, aluminum bronze, beryllium copper, tin, aluminum, titanium, zinc, nickel silver alloy, cupronickel and nickel. The projectile can be prepared with a particularly preferred specific gravity of 5-14 and more preferably 11-11.5.
Owner:ACCUTEC USA

Process for preparing a polymer having a 2,5-furandicarboxylate moiety within the polymer backbone and such (CO)polymers

A process for preparing a polymer having a 2,5-furandicarboxylate moiety within the polymer backbone and having a number average molecular weight of at least 10,000 (as determined by GPC based on polystyrene standards) includes a first step where a prepolymer is made having the 2,5-furandicarboxylate moiety within the polymer backbone, followed in a second step by a polycondensation reaction. In the first step a 2,5-furandicarboxylate ester is transesterified with a compound or mixture of compounds containing two or more hydroxyl groups, in the presence of a tin(IV) based transesterification catalyst. In the second step at reduced pressure and under melt conditions the prepolymer prepared in the first step is polycondensed in the presence of a tin (II) based polycondensation catalyst until the polymer is obtained. This polymer may then be subjected to Solid State Polycondensation. Polymers so produced may have a 2,5-furandicarboxylate moiety within the polymer backbone, and having a number average molecular weight of at least 20,000 (as determined by GPC based on styrene standards), and an absorbance as a 5 mg / mL solution in a dichloromethane:hexafluoroisopropanol 8:2 at 400 nm of below 0.05.
Owner:FURANIX TECH BV

Noncrystalline oxide semiconductor thin film, process for producing the noncrystalline oxide semiconductor thin film, process for producing thin-film transistor, field-effect-transistor, light emitting device, display device, and sputtering target

This invention provides an amorphous oxide semiconductor thin film, which is insoluble in a phosphoric acid-based etching solution and is soluble in an oxalic acid-based etching solution by optimizing the amounts of indium, tin, and zinc, a method of producing the amorphous oxide semiconductor thin film, etc. An image display device (1) comprises a glass substrate (10), a liquid crystal (40) as a light control element, a bottom gate-type thin film transistor (1) for driving the liquid crystal (40), a pixel electrode (30), and an opposing electrode (50). The amorphous oxide semiconductor thin film (2) in the bottom gate-type thin film transistor (1) has a carrier density of less than 10+18 cm−3, is insoluble in a phosphoric acid-based etching liquid, and is soluble in an oxalic acid-based etching liquid.
Owner:IDEMITSU KOSAN CO LTD

Self-align planerized bottom electrode phase change memory and manufacturing method

A method is described for self-aligning a bottom electrode in a phase change random access memory PCRAM device where a top electrode serves as a mask for self-aligning etching of the bottom electrode. The bottom electrode has a top surface that is planarized by chemical mechanical polishing. The top electrode also has a top surface that is planarized by chemical mechanical polishing. A bottom electrode layer like TiN is formed over a substrate and prior to the formation of a via during subsequent process steps. A first dielectric layer is formed over the bottom electrode layer, and a second dielectric layer is formed over the first dielectric layer. A via is formed at a selected section that extends through the first and second dielectric layers.
Owner:MACRONIX INT CO LTD
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