1134results about How to "High selectivity" patented technology

Catalysts and processes for forming catalysts for use in hydrogenating acetic acid to form ethanol. In one embodiment, the catalyst comprises a first metal, a silicaceous support, and at least one metasilicate support modifier. Preferably, the first metal is selected from the group consisting of copper, iron, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum, titanium, zinc, chromium, rhenium, molybdenum, and tungsten. In addition the catalyst may comprise a second metal preferably selected from the group consisting of copper, molybdenum, tin, chromium, iron, cobalt, vanadium, tungsten, palladium, platinum, lanthanum, cerium, manganese, ruthenium, rhenium, gold, and nickel.

A structure of a micro electro mechanical system and a manufacturing method are provided, the structure and manufacturing method is adapted for an optical interference display cell. The structure of the optical interference display cell includes a first electrode, a second electrode and posts. The second electrode comprises a conductive layer covered by a material layer and is arranged about parallel with the first electrode. The support is located between the first plate and the second plate and a cavity is formed. In the release etch process of manufacturing the structure, the material layer protects the conductive layer from the damage by an etching reagent. The material layer also protects the conductive layer from the damage from the oxygen and moisture in the air.

The present invention provides a plasma processing method and a plasma processing apparatus. The plasma processing method enables consistent processing by realizing a high selectivity and a high etching rate when etching a laminated film using a boron-containing amorphous carbon film, realizes high throughput including prior and post processes by simplifying a mask forming process, and has shape controllability of vertical processing. In the present invention, in a plasma processing method for forming a mask by plasma-etching a laminated film including an amorphous carbon film containing boron, the boron-containing amorphous carbon film is plasma-etched by using a mixed gas of an oxygen gas, a fluorine-containing gas, a halogen gas, and a silicon tetrafluoride gas, or a mixed gas of an oxygen gas, a fluorine-containing gas, a halogen gas, and a silicon tetrachloride gas.

A method of etching exposed silicon oxide on patterned heterogeneous structures is described and includes a remote plasma etch formed from a fluorine-containing precursor. Plasma effluents from the remote plasma are flowed into a substrate processing region where the plasma effluents combine with a nitrogen-and-hydrogen-containing precursor. Reactants thereby produced etch the patterned heterogeneous structures with high silicon oxide selectivity while the substrate is at high temperature compared to typical Siconi™ processes. The etch proceeds without producing residue on the substrate surface. The methods may be used to remove silicon oxide while removing little or no silicon, polysilicon, silicon nitride or titanium nitride.

A process for the selective production of ethyl acetate by vapor phase reaction of acetic acid over a hydrogenating catalyst composition to form ethyl acetate is disclosed and claimed. In an embodiment of this invention reaction of acetic acid and hydrogen over platinum and copper supported on silica selectively produces ethyl acetate in a vapor phase at a temperature of about 250° C.

High electron mobility transistors and fabrication processes are presented in which a barrier material layer of uniform thickness is provided for threshold voltage control under an enhanced channel charge inducing material layer (ECCIML) in source and drain regions with the ECCIML layer removed in the gate region.

The invention provides a catalyst for gas phase hydrogenation of acetic acid to prepare ethanol, consisting of three parts: a main active component, an auxiliary agent and a carrier. The main active component is one or two of transition metal W and Mo. The auxiliary agent is one or more of Pd, Re, Pt, Rh, Ru or other noble metals. The carrier is active carbon or graphite or multi walled carbon nanotube. In a fixed bed reactor, at a certain temperature, under the effects of hydrogen pressure and the catalyst, acetic acid can be transformed into a product with ethanol as a major product with high activity and high selectivity.

A system and method of the invention for identity recognition based on the code input pattern are highly secure and simple. The system and the method prevent unauthorized access to a secured system by assuming that prior to the identification there should be a validation process. During the validation process a user inputs one or more times the patterns of the code or password entry, and the system measures and stores parameters of the input pattern that are unique to each user (for example, time delay between inputs of the adjacent symbols, time of holding each key depressed or other specific series of activities). These parameters form the user identity data validation pattern. When the user actually requests access to the secured system and submits the entry code, these parameters are measured again and compared against the previously stored data validation pattern to validate the identity of the user. The access to the secured system is granted or denied depending on the result of this comparison.

Methods and compositions for reactions of hydrogen over a Re-containing catalyst with compositions containing a 5-carbon sugar, sugar alcohol, or lactic acid are described. It has been surprisingly discovered that reaction with hydrogen over a Re-containing multimetallic catalyst resulted in superior conversion and selectivity to desired products such as propylene glycol. A process for the synthesis of PG from lactate or lactic acid is also described.

A compound shown by the following formula:wherein each of R1a, R2a, R3a and R4a represents a substituent selected from a non-reactive atom, a non-reactive group, a hydroxyl group and an amino group, and at least two members selected from R1a, R2a, R3a and R4a are a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group or an amino group; is subjected to an esterification reaction or an amidation reaction with a polymerizable unsaturated compound (e.g., an alcohol, a carboxylic acid, an amine) in the presence of a catalyst comprising an element selected from the Group 3 elements, such as a samarium compound, to obtain a polymerizable adamantane derivative having at least one polymerizable unsaturated group in high yield.

A selective catalytic hydrogenation process able the control the hydroselectivity includes such steps as fixing the selective hydrocatalyst to the rotator of a super-gravitational rotary-bed reactor, rotating to form a rotating catalyst bed, and making the hydrocarbon material and H2 pass through the rotating catalyst bed in parallel mode or opposite mode. Controlling the rotation speed and radial thickness of rotator can control the hydroselectivity.

A method and system for controllably releasing contaminants from a contaminated porous metallic mesh by thermally desorbing and releasing a selected subset of contaminants from a contaminated mesh by rapidly raising the mesh to a pre-determined temperature step or plateau that has been chosen beforehand to preferentially desorb a particular chemical specie of interest, but not others. By providing a sufficiently long delay or dwell period in-between heating pulses, and by selecting the optimum plateau temperatures, then different contaminant species can be controllably released in well-defined batches at different times to a chemical detector in gaseous communication with the mesh. For some detectors, such as an Ion Mobility Spectrometer (IMS), separating different species in time before they enter the IMS allows the detector to have an enhanced selectivity.

Disclosed are processes for the conversion of isomerizable halogenated C2-C6 olefins from one geometric form to a more preferred geometric form. Preferred process aspects involve converting C2-C6 olefin in a cis-form to a trans-form under conditions effective to convert at least about 50 percent, and even more preferably at least about 70 percent, of the cis-form compound to the trans-form compound. In preferred embodiments the C2-C6 olefin comprises tetrafluoropropene, with cis-1,3,3,3 tetrafluoropropene (cis-HFO-1234ze) being converted, preferably at high conversion rates and high selectivity, to trans-1,3,3,3 tetrafluoropropene (trans-HFO-1234ze). In preferred embodiments the conditions effective to achieve the desired high levels of conversion and selectivity include exposing the feed to a metal based catalyst selected from the group consisting of halogentated metal oxides, Lewis acid metal halides, zero-valent metals, and combinations of these, preferably under reaction conditions, including reaction temperature and residence time, effective to convert at least about 5% of the cis-form of the compound to other compounds and to further achieve a selectivity to the trans-form of the compound of at least about 70%.

The invention discloses a non-mercury catalyst used in the acetylene hydrochlorination and preparation method thereof. The method includes the following steps: (1) dissolving noble metal chloride 0.5-3 parts by weight and base metal chloride 1-10 parts by weight into 2-4 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution to obtain a 0.01-0.05mol/L noble metal chloride solution; (2) adding the activated carbon 100 parts by weight into the solution at room temperature for 5-12 hours; (3) evaporating the immersion liquid on the activated carbon at 80-100 DEG C, drying at 70-80 DEG C for 2-4 hours and calcining at 120-140 DEG C for 4-12 hours; (4) and activating in hydrogen chloride atmosphere for 0.5-3 hours. The inventive catalyst can be used for green synthesis of vinyl chloride monomer to reach a conversion rate of acetylene up to 95-98% and selectivity of vinyl chloride greater than 99%.

The present invention is an etching method for performing an etching process in the presence of a plasma on an object to be processed in which a layer to be etched made of a tungsten-containing material is formed on a base layer made of a silicon-containing material in a process vessel capable of being evacuated to create therein a vacuum, wherein a chlorine-containing gas, an oxygen-containing gas, and a nitrogen-containing gas are used as an etching gas for performing the etching process.

The present invention relates to certain new pyridin analogues of Formula (I)

to processes for preparing such compounds, to their utility in medicine in general and especially as P2Y₁₂ inhibitors and as anti-thrombotic agents, etc, their use as medicaments in cardiovascular diseases as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

The invention provides a catalysis conversion method used for preparing propylene and high octane gasoline; raw material which is difficult to be cracked contacts a thermal regeneration catalyst; the cracking reaction is carried out under the conditions of 600-750 DEG C of temperature, 100-800h<-1> of weight hourly space velocity, 0.10-1.0MPa of pressure, 30-150 of weight ratio of catalyst to raw material and 0.05-1.0 of weight ratio of water vapour to raw material; the reaction matter flow is mixed with the raw oil which is easy to be cracked and the cracking reaction thereof is carried out under the condition of 450-620 DEG C of temperature, 0.1-100h<-1> of weight hourly space velocity, 0.10-1.0MPa of pressure, 1.0-30 of weight ratio of catalyst to raw material and 0.05-1.0 of weight ratio of water vapour to raw material; after spent catalyst is separated from reaction oil gas, the spent catalyst enters a stripper and is returned to a reactor after being stripped, burned and regenerated; the reaction oil gas is separated so as to gain the object outcome: propylene, high octane gasoline and re-cracked raw material; the re-cracked raw material comprises distillate with the distillation range of 180-260 DEG C and heavy aromatic raffinate oil. The method greatly increases the yield and selection of propylene, obviously improves the yield and octane of the gasoline and leads the reduction range of yield of the dry gasoline to achieve more than 80% by weight.

A membrane structure is provided. The membrane structure includes a first layer having a plurality of pores; and a second layer disposed on, the first layer. The second layer has a plurality of unconnected pores. At least a portion of the plurality of unconnected pores of the second layer is at least partially filled with a filler such that the first layer is substantially free of the filler. At least a portion of the plurality of unconnected pores of the second layer is in fluid communication with at least one of the pores of the first layer. A method of making a membrane structure is provided. The method includes the steps of providing a first layer having a plurality of interconnected pores; disposing a second layer on the first layer, and filling at least a portion of the unconnected pores of the second layer with a filler such that the first layer is substantially free of the filler. Disposing a second layer includes depositing a metal layer on the first layer; and anodizing the metal layer to convert the metal layer into porous oxide layer.

The invention relates to a method for using a carboxymethyl ion exchange chromatography to purify mussel mucin. Mussel mucin contains a group of L-3,4- -Dihydroxyphenylalanine group (L-DOPA), the lysine thereof has strong positive charges and is capable of forming static bonds. The adoption of CM series which is an ion exchange medium connected with a carboxymethyl group (O-CH2COO<->) for separation and purification of mussel mucin has higher selectivity and higher yielding rate, as compared with other ion exchange media. Extraction with a strong acid is adopted to eliminate small-molecular compounds from a desalting column, a carboxylmethyl ion exchange medium with agar as the matrix is used to combine gel filtering medium to separate and purify mussel mucin, and an acetic acid-urea- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is used to differentiate mussel mucin through a specific chromogenesis with nitro blue tetrazolium, to improve the yielding rate of active mussel mucin.

A semiconductor device includes an active fin formed to extend in a first direction, a gate formed on the active fin and extending in a second direction crossing the first direction, a source/drain formed on upper portions of the active fin and disposed at one side of the gate, an interlayer insulation layer covering the gate and the source/drain, a source/drain contact passing through the interlayer insulation layer to be connected to the source/drain and including a first contact region and a second contact region positioned between the source/drain and the first contact region, and a spacer layer formed between the first contact region and the interlayer insulation layer. A width of the second contact region in the first direction is greater than the sum of a width of the first contact region in the first direction and a width of the spacer layer in the first direction.

A process for controlling the plasma etch of a silicon dioxide layer at a high etch rate and high selectivity with respect to silicon nitride, particularly in a multilayer structure, by (1) maintaining various portions of the etch chamber at elevated temperatures, and/ox (2) using an etch chemistry having a fluorohydrocarbon gas containing at least as many hydrogen atoms as fluorine atoms, preferably CH₂F₂ or CH₃F.

Provided is a method for rapidly synthesizing a silicoaluminophosphate SAPO-34 molecular sieve, wherein triethylamine and/or diethylamine are/is used as templating agents, an organic amine accelerator is added to the initial gel for synthesis at the same time, and the gel mixture is optionally subjected to aging treatment. The method could give SAPO-34 molecular sieves with high crystallization degree in a relative short crystallization period. The SAPO-34 molecular sieve catalysts synthesized by the method can be used in the MTO or DTO reaction, the selectivity of C₂~C₃ olefins in the product could be up to about 90%.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a catalyst for preparing unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated acid in high selectivity. The catalyst is Mo-Bi-Fe-Co composite metal oxide. On the basis of a co-precipitation preparation method, a two-section roasting process is introduced, and simultaneously, a method for adjusting a formula and a method for treating by water solutions of soluble molybdenum, alkali metal and alkali earth metal are combined, so that the selectivity of the catalyst is greatly improved, the yield of the carbon oxide is effectively reduced, and the catalyst can be used for preparing the unsaturated aldehyde and the unsaturated acid in high selectivity, still has very good activity and stability at a high air speed and is suitable for tail gas recycling or non-tail gas recycling processes.

A gas sensor array includes a housing having a gas measuring chamber. A detector at least partially arranged in the gas measuring chamber measures radiation and generates an output signal as a function of the measured radiation. The detector is arranged on a main axis of the housing. Radiation sources are at least partially arranged in the gas measuring chamber and direct radiation toward the detector. The radiation sources are arranged symmetrically to the main axis at a first focal point and have the same effective radiation path length to the detector. The gas measuring chamber has at least one concave mirror formed by inner walls of the housing. The inner walls form a rotational member produced by a conical section and are configured to bundle the radiation emitted from the radiation source at a second focal point proximate the detector.

The present invention discloses an approach for making mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) and methods for using these membranes. These MMMs contain a continuous polymer matrix and dispersed microporous molecular sieve particles. In particular, the present invention is directed to make asymmetric thin-film composite MMMs by coating a thin layer of molecular sieve/polymer mixed matrix solution on top of a porous support substrate followed by controlling the formation of a thin dense selective mixed matrix layer equal or larger in thickness than any of said molecular sieve particles. The MMMs of the present invention are suitable for a variety of liquid, gas, and vapor separations. The MMMs of the present invention have at least 20% increase in selectivity for these separations compared to the polymer membranes prepared from their corresponding continuous polymer matrices.

In a process for producing cyclohexylbenzene, benzene and hydrogen are contacted under hydroalkylation conditions with a catalyst system comprising a MCM-22 family molecular sieve and at least one hydrogenation metal. The conditions comprise a temperature of about 1400C to about 175 DEG C, a pressure of about 135 psig to about 175 psig (931 kPag to 1207 kPag), a hydrogen to benzene molar ratio of about 0.30 to about 0.65 and a weight hourly space velocity of benzene of about 0.26 to about 1.05 hr-l.

The invention discloses a method for continuously preparing epoxy-propane, which is characterized in that a reactant containing propylene and hydrogen peroxide is continuously injected into a reaction system from a feed inlet, the raw powder form titanium silicate molecular sieve as a catalyst and the reactant are mixed uniformly to form slurry for reacting, the molecular sieve and the liquid reactant perform solid-liquid separation in a separation system, the molecular sieve is continuously circulated in a circulation pipeline composed of the reactor and the separation system, and part of liquid product flows out of the reaction system to obtain the objective product. By coupling the reaction and the separation in the method, the liquid product can be effectively discharged from the reaction region in time, the side reaction is reduced, the conversion rate of hydrogen peroxide is higher than 95% and the selectivity of the epoxypropane is higher than 90%.

A method for removal of residues after plasma etching a film stack comprising a first layer and a sacrificial layer. The method treats a substrate containing the film stack after the first layer of the film stack has been etched to remove residue produced during the etching process. The treatment is performed in a buffered oxide etch wet dip solution that removes the residue and the sacrificial layer.

The invention relates to a reaction unit for preparing low-carbon olefins, mainly solving the problem of low yield of low-carbon olefins in the prior art. The reaction unit mainly comprises a rapid fluidized bed reaction zone 2, a rough-cut cyclone 4, a disengager 21, a gas-solid distribution zone 7, a downer reaction zone 9, a regenerator 11, and a riser reaction zone 20, wherein the outlet of the riser reaction zone 20 is connected with the disengager 21, the bottom of the disengager is connected with the regenerator 11 through a regeneration standpipe 26, the regenerator 11 is provided with two catalyst outlets, one catalyst outlet is connected with the riser reaction zone 20, the other catalyst outlet is connected with the downer reaction zone 9, the outlet of the downer reaction zone 9 is connected with the rapid fluidized bed reaction zone 2, the outlet of the rapid fluidized bed reaction zone 2 is connected with the rough-cut cyclone 4, a gas-phase outlet pipeline 5 of the rough-cut cyclone 4 is connected with the disengager 21, the dipleg of the rough-cut cyclone 4 is connected with the gas-solid distribution zone 7, and the gas-solid distribution zone 7 is connected with the downer reaction zone 9. The reaction unit disclosed herein well solves the problems and can be used in the industrial production of low-carbon olefins.

The invention provides a filtering antenna, which comprises an upper medium substrate, a connecting mechanism and a lower medium substrate, wherein the upper medium substrate, the connecting mechanism and the lower medium substrate are sequentially overlapped, a plurality of first metallic through holes are formed in the upper medium substrate, a plurality of second metallic through holes are formed in the lower medium substrate, a first metal layer and a second metal layer are respectively arranged at the upper surface and the lower surface of the upper medium substrate, a third metal layer and a fourth metal layer are respectively arranged at the upper surface and the lower surface of the lower medium substrate, a single-mode rectangular resonance cavity is surrounded by the first metal layer, the second metal layer and the first metallic holes, a double-mode rectangular resonance cavity is coupled and cascaded with the single-mode rectangular resonance cavity, and two parallel irradiating gaps are formed in the first metal layer, and are symmetric to the center of a middle point of a projection of the single-mode rectangular resonance cavity on the first metal layer. The filtering antenna has the beneficial effects of high out-of-band inhibition and low crossing polarization.