782 results about "Reaction layer" patented technology

A biosensor for rapid quantification of a specific component contained in various biological samples with high accuracy has an electrically insulating base, an electrode system including a working electrode and a counter electrode formed on one face of the insulating base, and a reaction layer formed on the insulating base in close contact with the electrode system. The reaction layer contains at least a hydrophilic polymer, a buffer and an enzyme which is separated from the buffer.

The present invention provides a high-performance glucose sensor having excellent storage stability and an improved response characteristic. This sensor comprises: an electrically insulating base plate; an electrode system including at least a working electrode and a counter electrode formed on the base plate; and a reaction layer containing at least pyrrolo-quinoline quinone dependent glucose dehydrogenase, formed in contact with or in the vicinity of the electrode system, and the reaction layer contains at least one kind of additive selected from the group consisting of gluconic acid and salts thereof.

A biosensor for detecting contents of biochemical components in a sample, comprising an electrically insulating substrate, a working electrode disposed on said substrate, a reference electrode disposed on said substrate, which is spaced from said working electrode, a reaction layer disposed on said working electrode and said reference electrode, wherein said reaction layer and said electrodes form a reaction area for reacting with the sample, an electrically insulating layer disposed on said substrate and having an opening for receiving the sample, wherein said opening exposes a portion of said reaction area and the end of said opening is located at the edge of the biosensor; and a reticular covering layer which covers said opening and the end of said opening of said insulating layer wherein said reticular layer and said insulting layer form a sampling area from said reticular covering area to the edge of said biosensor.

A method and processing tool are provided for trimming a gate electrode structure containing a gate electrode layer with a first dimension. A reaction layer is formed through reaction with the gate electrode structure. The reaction layer is the selectively removed from the unreacted portion of the gate electrode structure by chemical etching, thereby forming a trimmed gate electrode structure with a second dimension that is smaller than the first dimension. The trimming process can be carried out under process conditions where formation of the reaction layer is substantially self-limiting. The trimming process can be repeated to further reduce the dimension of the gate electrode structure.

In order to provide a biosensor with high accuracy and excellent response where plasma obtained by filtration of blood rapidly arrives at an electrode system, in a biosensor comprising: an insulating base plate; an electrode system having a working electrode and a counter electrode which are provided on the base plate; a reaction layer including at least oxidoreductase and an electron mediator; a sample solution supply pathway which includes the electrode system and the reaction layer and has an inlet and an air aperture; a sample solution supply part for introducing a sample solution, which is in position apart from the sample solution supply pathway; and a first filter which is disposed between the sample solution supply pathway and the sample solution supply part for filtering the sample solution, where the filtrate filtered with the first filter is supplied into the sample solution supply pathway due to capillary action, the direction in which the sample solution passes through the first filter and the direction in which the filtrate passes through the sample solution supply pathway are made cross at right angles.

A coating applied as a two layer system. The outer layer is an oxide of a group IV metal selected from the group consisting of zirconium oxide, hafnium oxide and combinations thereof, which are doped with an effective amount of a lanthanum series oxide. These metal oxides doped with a lanthanum series addition comprises a high weight percentage of the outer coating. As used herein, lanthanum series means an element selected from the group consisting of lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), lutetium (Lu) and combinations thereof, and lanthanum series oxides are oxides of these elements. When the zirconium oxide is doped with an effective amount of a lanthanum series oxide, a dense reaction layer is formed at the interface of the outer layer of TBC and the CMAS. This dense reaction layer prevents CMAS infiltration below it. The second layer, or inner layer underlying the outer layer, comprises a layer of partially stabilized zirconium oxide.

MOSFETs having localized stressors are provided. The MOSFET has a stress-inducing layer formed in the source/drain regions, wherein the stress-inducing layer comprises a first semiconductor material and a second semiconductor material. A treatment is performed on the stress-inducing layer such that a reaction is caused with the first semiconductor material and the second semiconductor material is forced lower into the stress-inducing layer. The stress-inducing layer may be either a recessed region or non-recessed region. A first method involves forming a stress-inducing layer, such as SiGe, in the source/drain regions and performing a nitridation or oxidation process. A nitride or oxide film is formed in the top portion of the stress-inducing layer, forcing the Ge lower into the stress-inducing layer. Another method embodiment involves forming a reaction layer over the stress-inducing layer and performing a treatment process to cause the reaction layer to react with the stress-inducing layer.

Provided herein are devices, systems, and methods of employing the same for the performance of bioinformatics analysis. The apparatuses and methods of the disclosure are directed in part to large scale graphene FET sensors, arrays, and integrated circuits employing the same for analyte measurements. The present GFET sensors, arrays, and integrated circuits may be fabricated using conventional CMOS processing techniques based on improved GFET pixel and array designs that increase measurement sensitivity and accuracy, and at the same time facilitate significantly small pixel sizes and dense GFET sensor based arrays. Improved fabrication techniques employing graphene as a reaction layer provide for rapid data acquisition from small sensors to large and dense arrays of sensors. Such arrays may be employed to detect a presence and/or concentration changes of various analyte types in a wide variety of chemical and/or biological processes, including DNA hybridization and/or sequencing reactions. Accordingly, GFET arrays facilitate DNA sequencing techniques based on monitoring changes in hydrogen ion concentration (pH), changes in other analyte concentration, and/or binding events associated with chemical processes relating to DNA synthesis within a gated reaction chamber of the GFET based sensor.

In order to provide a cholesterol sensor capable of measuring whole blood with high accuracy and excellent response, where plasma with hemocytes therein filtered promptly reaches an electrode system, in a biosensor comprising: an insulating base plate; an electrode system which is provided on the base plate and has a measurement electrode and a counter electrode; a reaction layer including at least oxidoreductase and an electron mediator; a sample solution supply pathway which includes the electrode system and the reaction layer and has an air aperture on the termination side thereof; a sample supply portion; and a filter which is disposed between the sample solution supply pathway and the sample supply portion and filters hemocytes, where plasma with the hemocytes therein filtered with the filter is sucked into the sample solution supply pathway due to capillarity, the central part of a secondary side portion of the filter is protruded into the sample solution supply pathway more than both the right and left ends thereof.

A method for forming a light emitting diode includes forming a first stack, forming a second reaction layer over the first stack, forming a second stack, forming a first reaction layer over the second stack, and holding together the first reaction layer and the second reaction layer by means of a transparent adhesive layer. The transparent adhesive layer is formed between the first and second reaction layer, therefore the second reaction layer of the first stack will not come off the first reaction layer of the second stack.

The present invention provides a so improved biosensor that a whole blood is allowed to be an object to be measured, and that plasma of a blood, with hemocytes thereof having been filtered out, is allowed to quickly reach an electrode system. This sensor comprises: an insulating base plate; an electrode system, provided on the base plate, having a measuring electrode and a counter electrode; a reaction layer comprising at least an oxidoreductase and an electron mediator; a sample solution supply pathway including the electrode system and the reaction layer; and a sample supply unit, wherein the sensor is so structured that, between the sample supply unit and the sample solution supply pathway, there is provided a filter having a function to filter out hemocytes and having a cross-sectional area larger than an opening of the sample solution supply pathway, and that plasma of a blood with hemocytes thereof having been filtered out is sucked into inside of the sample solution supply pathway owing to capillary phenomena.

The invention discloses analyte measuring electrochemical bio-sensing test paper with a blood volume ratio correcting function, a biosensor device, a system and a method. The test paper comprises a first group of electrodes for detecting the concentration of an analyte and a second group of electrodes for detecting a blood volume ratio concentration, wherein the first group of electrodes and the second group of electrodes correspond to different reaction regions respectively; a reaction layer reacting with a substance to be measured is only covered on the first group of electrodes; and first signals including a direct current signal are supplied to the first group of electrodes and second signals including a fixed-frequency alternating current signal are supplied to the second group of electrodes, so that an analyte concentration and a blood volume ratio which are not corrected are further measured respectively and a more accurate analyte concentration corrected by a blood volume ratio is obtained.

To provide a joint product of a steel product and an aluminum material, and a spot welding method for the joint product, ensuring that spot welding with high bonding strength can be performed. In one embodiment, a steel product 1 having a sheet thickness t₁ of 0.3 to 3.0 mm and an aluminum material 2 having a sheet thickness t₂ of 0.5 to 4.0 mm are joined together by spot welding to form a joint product of a steel product and an aluminum produce. In this joint product, the nugget area in the joint part is from 20×t₂^0.5 to 100×t₂^0.5 mm², the area of a portion where the thickness of the interface reaction layer is from 0.5 to 3 μm is 10×t₂^0.5 mm² or more, and the difference between the interface reaction layer thickness at the joint part center and the interface reaction layer thickness at a point distant from the joint part center by a distance of one-fourth of the joint diameter D_c is 5 μm or less. According to this construction, there can be provided a dissimilar material joint product with excellent bonding strength, which can be formed by an existing spot welding apparatus at a low cost without newly using other materials such as clad material or without newly adding a separate step, and a spot welding method for the dissimilar material joint product.

A multilayer test strip and method of using the test strip for determining concentration of HDL cholesterol in a whole blood sample. The inventive test strip includes a two-stage blood separation mechanism, including a first glass fiber matrix which separates most of the blood cells and an adjacent, second matrix preferably also containing glass fibers that separates the remainder of the blood cells. The second layer also precipates and retains non-HDL cholesterol, thereby providing plasma that is substantially free of red blood cells and substantially free of non-HDL cholesterol to a reaction layer. Precipitation and retention on non-HDLs takes place by a vertical or dead-end filtration in a single layer. The reaction layer produces a color, the intensity of which is proportional to the concentration of HDL cholesterol in the blood sample which is applied to the test strip. Advantageously, the inventive test strip is a vertical flow device, which can be made more compact and operates more efficiently than a lateral flow device.

The invention relates to a method for connecting a Cf/SiC composite material and an Ni-based high-temperature alloy, belonging to the field of heterologous material connecting. The technical process comprises the following steps of: (1) carrying out reaction pretreatment on the welding surface of a composite material by utilizing alloying metal liquid; and (2) vacuum brazing connecting. The method is characterized in that the pre-reaction is carried out by applying the welding surface of the titanium-contained metal liquid and the composite material to form a welding surface with raised carbon fibers so as to improve the bonding strength of a subsequent brazing connected interface, and a stable reaction layer containing Ti is formed on the welding surface SiC of the composite material so as to prevent the graphitization reaction of SiC and Ni in the composite material in the subsequent brazing connecting process. A powder containing W and SiC is added to a brazing material, which can prevent the Ni element from diffusing to the composite material in the brazing connecting process, reduce the thermal stress of joints and strengthen the joints. The invention can be conveniently applied to practical work; and the joints have good high-temperature strength and gas tightness. The invention is also suitable for connecting carbon fiber reinforced SiC composite materials and other metals.

Provided herein are devices, systems, and methods of employing the same for the performance of bioinformatics analysis. The apparatuses and methods of the disclosure are directed in part to large scale graphene FET sensors, arrays, and integrated circuits employing the same for analyte measurements. The present GFET sensors, arrays, and integrated circuits may be fabricated using conventional CMOS processing techniques based on improved GFET pixel and array designs that increase measurement sensitivity and accuracy, and at the same time facilitate significantly small pixel sizes and dense GFET sensor based arrays. Improved fabrication techniques employing graphene as a reaction layer provide for rapid data acquisition from small sensors to large and dense arrays of sensors. Such arrays may be employed to detect a presence and/or concentration changes of various analyte types in a wide variety of chemical and/or biological processes, including DNA hybridization and/or sequencing reactions. Accordingly, GFET arrays facilitate DNA sequencing techniques based on monitoring changes in hydrogen ion concentration (pH), changes in other analyte concentration, and/or binding events associated with chemical processes relating to DNA synthesis within a gated reaction chamber of the GFET based sensor.