394 results about "Quinone" patented technology

The invention discloses a moisturizer prepared from a lysate extract produced by fermentation of bacillus subtilis. The hydroxydecyl ubiquinone is identified in Y-3FLE, and the yield of the hydroxydecyl ubiquinone is 0.45 mu g / g after the hydroxydecyl ubiquinone is cultured for 4 days, so that the quinone substances are identified in the Halophilic bacteria in the Yuncheng Salt Lake for the first time. The Y-3FLE is prepared by adopting absolute ethyl alcohol as a solvent, the oxidation resistance of the Y-3FLE is investigated through an in-vitro experiment, and a result shows that the Y-3FLE is relatively high in reducing capacity and relatively high in oxidation resistance. A human body closed patch test result shows that the Y-3FLE has no obvious irritation to human skin. The method is applied to the moisturizer, and human body efficacy evaluation is carried out through a multi-probe skin tester. Results show that the moisturizer added with 1% of Y-3FLE has multiple remarkable effects of moisturizing, repairing, nourishing and the like.

The invention discloses a hard carbon material and a preparation method thereof, a negative plate and a battery, at least part of the surface of the hard carbon material comprises oxygen-containing functional groups, the oxygen-containing functional groups comprise first oxygen-containing functional groups and second oxygen-containing functional groups, the molar percentage sigma of the first oxygen-containing functional groups to the oxygen-containing functional groups is 62% lt; sigma < = 95%; wherein the first oxygen-containing functional group is carbonyl and / or hydroxyl; the second oxygen-containing functional group is a quinonyl group and / or an ether bond. The hard carbon material provided by the invention has more reversible sodium storage active sites, so that the specific capacity and the first-circle coulombic efficiency of the battery are favorably improved.

The invention relates to the field of polyimide materials, in particular to a positive photosensitive polyimide photoresist, a polyimide film and application of the positive photosensitive polyimide photoresist and the polyimide film. The positive photosensitive polyimide photoresist with excellent performance can be prepared by taking novel water-soluble polyamic acid ester with good dielectric property, low water absorption, heat resistance and the like as film-forming resin and combining the film-forming resin with the quinonediazide compound photosensitive component, the silane coupling agent and the organic solvent; the main film-forming component polyamic acid ester is a corresponding water-soluble polyimide precursor synthesized by using a series of simple and easily available polymeric monomers, and the realization of the water solubility is not limited to specific groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl and the like in molecules. The photoresist has the advantages of high light sensitivity, high resolution, good thermal stability and chemical resistance, good heat and humidity resistance, good adhesion to various substrates and the like, an alkaline aqueous solution can be used as a developing solution, the loss of a film in a non-exposure area in the developing process is low due to low water absorption of the alkaline aqueous solution, and the developing time is short.

The invention discloses a bacterial strain and a method for producing pyrroloquinoline quinone. The strain is pseudomonas putida N1-1 which is preserved in the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center on January 2, 2025, the preservation number is CGMCC NO.33266, and the preservation address is Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 3, No.1 yard, West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing. The strain is separated from myxomycete. The bacterial strain is inoculated into a fermentation culture medium, standing fermentation culture is carried out for 7 days at room temperature under the dark condition, a fermentation product is obtained and filtered, fermentation filtrate containing pyrroloquinoline quinine is obtained, and the yield of pyrroloquinoline quinine reaches 12.21 mg / L.

The invention belongs to the field of water treatment, and particularly relates to a graphene-based quinone mediator membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The graphene-based quinone mediator membrane comprises a membrane matrix, and graphene, amino imidazopyridine and humus which are dispersed in the membrane matrix, the membrane substrate is made of polyvinylidene fluoride / butadiene, the polyvinylidene fluoride / butadiene is a random copolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride and butadiene, and an anthraquinone modification unit is bonded on a butadiene structural unit of the random copolymer. The graphene-based quinone mediator membrane provided by the invention has very high initial denitrification rate and over-time denitrification rate.

The invention discloses a method for extracting a p-phenylenediamine antioxidant in a liquid sample and application of the p-phenylenediamine antioxidant. The p-phenylenediamine antioxidant comprises N-(1, 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol) the organic solvent is at least one of N, N '-diphenyl-1, 3-dimethyl butyl)-N'-phenyl p-phenylenediamine, N-cyclohexyl-N '-phenyl p-phenylenediamine, N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N '-diphenyl-1, 4-phenylenediamine, N, N'-di-2-naphthyl p-phenylenediamine and 2-((4-methylpentane-2-yl) amino)-5-(phenyl amino) cyclohex-2, 5-diene-1, 4-diketone. According to the method, liquid-liquid extraction which is simple and efficient to operate, low in cost and good in repeatability is adopted as a sample pretreatment method, and is combined with an isotope label method and an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry technology, so that separation and qualitative and quantitative detection of six p-phenylenediamine antioxidants and quinone derivatives in a sample are realized; meanwhile, the sensitivity is high, the quantity of isotope internal standards is small, the solvent loss is small, and the actual detection requirement is met.

The invention discloses a phenanthro [9, 10-d] imidazole quaternary ammonium salt derivative as well as preparation and antibacterial application thereof. According to the series of compounds, phenanthro [9, 10-d] imidazole quaternary ammonium salt derivatives which are novel in structure and good in antibacterial activity are prepared by taking phenanthro quinone as a lead compound and modifying the structure of phenanthro quinone, the structural general formula of the phenanthro [9, 10-d] imidazole quaternary ammonium salt derivatives is shown in the specification, and R is selected from H, C6-C14 alkyl or C3-C8 alkylene. The phenanthro [9, 10-d] imidazole quaternary ammonium salt derivative prepared by the invention has a relatively good antibacterial effect on gram-positive bacteria such as staphylococcus aureus S.aureus ATCC 29213 and various clinical methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), meanwhile, the water solubility is improved, the biotoxicity of a parent body is reduced, and the phenanthro [9, 10-d] imidazole quaternary ammonium salt derivative has relatively high yield and is suitable for industrial production. The compound is expected to be further developed into a clinical candidate antibacterial drug. # imgabs0 #

The invention discloses a quinonyl conjugated organic polymer photocatalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of photocatalyst materials. The quinonyl conjugated organic polymer photocatalyst disclosed by the invention is formed by imine bond connection formed by a phenanthrenequinone group-containing aldehyde monomer and an amine monomer through a Schiff base condensation reaction, and the photocatalytic efficiency is improved by constructing an electron donor block and an electron acceptor block to initiate a push-pull electron effect in a material. According to the photocatalyst, pure water and air are subjected to photocatalysis under the condition that a sacrificial agent is not needed, and hydrogen peroxide can be efficiently generated.

The invention provides alkenyl functionalized polyarylene ether as well as a preparation method and application thereof, the preparation method of the alkenyl functionalized polyarylene ether comprises the following steps: washing a dihydroxy-terminated polyarylene ether reaction solution with an alcohol-water solution, taking an organic phase, mixing the organic phase with a catalyst and an end-capping modifier for reaction, and obtaining the alkenyl functionalized polyarylene ether. And preparing the alkenyl functionalized polyarylene ether. Compared with the prior art, the alkenyl-modified polyarylene ether has the advantages that terminal group modification is directly carried out on the double-terminal hydroxyl polyarylene ether reaction liquid washed by alcohol water, the prepared alkenyl-modified polyarylene ether has better performance, the content of active groups (double bonds) is higher and reaches 1.8-2.1 mmol / g, the residual quantity of polar small molecular substances such as monohydric phenol, dihydric phenol, quinone and amine is lower, the curing and crosslinking density with other resins is higher, and the curing and crosslinking performance is better. And the prepared copper-clad plate has better thermal performance and electrical performance.

The invention relates to the technical field of refined cotton processing, in particular to an efficient and optimized refined cotton processing production method which comprises the following production steps: S1, preparing materials: selecting cotton linters as raw materials; s2, cotton opening is conducted, cotton linters are placed on a feeding port of a cotton opener, and equipment is started for cotton opening treatment; s3, preparation of a cooking agent: taking quinone and 2-methylquinone as assistants, putting the assistants into sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and amino acid salt, and mixing and stirring to prepare the cooking agent; and S4, cooking treatment: putting the cotton linters into the prepared cooking agent, cooking, and reacting sodium hydroxide with cellulose. By regulating and controlling the biological thallus glycolysis process, directional control over the polymerization degree of the product is achieved, the range of the polymerization degree is narrowed, the fiber reaction uniformity is improved, the fluctuation range of the polymerization degree of products of the same specification is smaller than 80, the impurity removal efficiency is improved, the content of impurities, ash and metal ions is reduced, efficient impurity removal and refining are achieved, and the quality of processed refined cotton is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of battery energy storage, in particular to a negative electrode electrolyte of a zinc-iron flow battery and the zinc-iron flow battery. The invention provides a negative electrode electrolyte of a zinc-iron flow battery. The negative electrode electrolyte is prepared from the following raw materials: a zinc-based redox active substance, a supporting electrolyte, a quinone molecular additive and a solvent, wherein the redox potential of the quinone molecular additive is higher than that of the zinc negative electrode under the same condition. According to the negative electrode electrolyte provided by the invention, dead zinc which loses electric contact can be converted into zinc with electrochemical activity again by utilizing the mediation effect of the anthraquinone derivative additive, namely the reutilization of the dead zinc in the zinc-based flow battery and the recovery of the lost capacity are realized through the redox targeting reaction between the anthraquinone derivative and the dead zinc; therefore, the cycle life of the zinc-iron flow battery is obviously prolonged.

According to the cell fixing liquid, phenol oxidase is used for catalyzing phenol to be oxidized into a quinone structure, the quinone structure reacts with protein amido to form light covalent immobilization, cell immobilization is achieved, a stable hydration environment and membrane protection are provided through the ionic liquid solvent choline dihydrogen phosphate, a phosphate-free buffer system is provided, and cell immobilization is achieved. Therefore, a novel cell fixing liquid is obtained, the cell structure integrity required by cell imaging analysis is effectively reserved, meanwhile, cell staining fluorescence signal interference is avoided, and therefore the accuracy of cell counting and cell imaging analysis is ensured.

The invention relates to the technical field of organic photoelectric materials, and particularly discloses a non-condensed ring small molecule acceptor material based on a quinonoid structure as well as a preparation method and application of the non-condensed ring small molecule acceptor material. According to the invention, easily available 1, 4-diacetyl piperazine-2, 5-diketone is used as a center, an alkyl chain and Ar are used for modification, EG is used as an end group, the non-condensed ring A-D-A '-D-A type structure acceptor material based on a quinone structure is constructed, and the general formula is shown in the specification. Wherein the PCE of the acceptor material which is modified by bithiophene and takes 2-(3-ethyl-4-oxothiazolidine-2-subunit) malononitrile as a terminal group reaches 15%. The non-condensed ring small molecule acceptor material based on the quinonoid structure is simple in synthesis process, and an effective strategy is provided for solving the problem of the overall performance of an organic solar cell.

The invention provides a farnesene composite polymerization inhibitor and a use method thereof, and the farnesene composite polymerization inhibitor comprises five components: a quinone methyl compound, a phenolic compound, substituted 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxygen free radical, citric acid and a solvent isopropyl myristate. Wherein the retarder is a quinone methyl compound and a phenolic compound, the true polymerization inhibitor is substituted 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxygen free radical, the synergist is citric acid, the solvent is isopropyl myristate, the quinone methyl compound is small in toxicity, the synergist is low in price, and the environmental protection property and economical efficiency of the polymerization inhibitor can be effectively improved. According to the invention, the induction period of the polymerization inhibitor can be effectively prolonged, farnesene oxides and dimers are reduced, the formation of high polymers is blocked, the rectification yield of farnesene is improved, and the polymerization inhibitor has good polymerization inhibition and environmental protection properties. The composite polymerization inhibitor provided by the invention is used in the rectification process of farnesene, and can be popularized to the transportation, storage and use processes of farnesene so as to improve the purity of farnesene.

The invention discloses a para-substituted heptamethine quinone cyanine dye as well as a synthesis method and application thereof, the structural general formula of the para-substituted heptamethine quinone cyanine dye is shown as I, that is, by introducing a specific quinone structure and a substituent group, the near-infrared light absorption and triplet excited state generation capability is optimized. The dye efficiently absorbs light within the wavelength range of 600-700 nanometers, the intersystem crossing efficiency is remarkably improved, and the photo-initiation effect is enhanced. According to the dye, heavy atoms are not used, and the solubility and the environmental protection property are improved. The synthesis method is simple, low in cost, mild in condition and suitable for large-scale production. The key steps comprise formation of quaternary ammonium salt, preparation of a condensing agent and synthesis of a final product, and parameters of each step are optimized to ensure high yield. The dye is suitable for photodynamic therapy, photoinitiation of photopolymerization materials, biological imaging and the like, and has a wide application prospect.

The present invention discloses an organic electron acceptor containing a carbazole side chain and its application in solar cells. The organic electron acceptor containing a carbazole side chain has a structure shown in the following formula: #imgabs0# wherein R1 and R2 are independently a linear or branched alkyl group containing 1-18 carbon atoms, and A is an electron-withdrawing functional group. The present invention uses a non-fully fused ring structure based on trithiophene as the central conjugated skeleton of the organic electron acceptor, introduces a carbazole group as a side chain, prevents excessive elevation of the molecular HOMO energy level, and inhibits the internal rotation between the trithiophene rings connected by single bonds through its rigid large steric effect, thereby ensuring the planarity of the acceptor molecule, regulating the stacking between molecules, and simultaneously inhibiting the aromatic amine group from inducing the molecular skeleton to form a quinone structure, thereby improving the molecule's resistance to photooxidation.

The invention belongs to the field of microbial fermentation, and particularly discloses a method for fermenting astragalus membranaceus by lactobacillus plantarum. The method comprises the following steps: S1, crushing and sterilizing astragalus membranaceus; s2, inoculating lactobacillus plantarum LP-301; and S3, carrying out fermentation culture. After astragalus membranaceus is fermented by the lactobacillus plantarum LP-301, the contents of substances such as flavonoids, quinones and terpenes in a fermentation product are remarkably increased, so that the lactobacillus plantarum LP-301 can be used for preparing antioxidant products or anti-inflammatory products and has a relatively high application value.

The invention provides a diaphragm and a secondary battery, and belongs to the technical field of secondary batteries, and the diaphragm comprises a base membrane and a coating. Wherein the coating is arranged on one surface, facing the positive pole piece, of the base film, and the coating comprises an electroactive material and a binder; the electroactive material comprises at least one of a quinone derivative, a phenazine derivative, an imide derivative and a phenothiazine derivative. The electroactive material in the diaphragm coating can be dissolved in the electrolyte after the environment temperature reaches the thermal safety critical temperature, and reacts with the positive and negative active materials, so that the charge state of the battery is quickly reduced, and the thermal runaway of the battery is inhibited or even avoided.

The invention relates to the technical field of detection, and discloses a detection method and application of p-phenylenediamine antioxidants and quinone derivatives thereof, and the method comprises the following steps: taking a blood sample or a tissue sample, placing in a centrifuge tube, adding a recovery rate indicator solution and a glutathione solution, adding an extraction solvent, extracting twice, and combining the two solutions; centrifuging for 4-6 minutes at the speed of 3000-4500 rpm after each extraction, and combining the two extracts to obtain an extract to be detected; concentrating the to-be-detected extracting solution to be dry under soft nitrogen to obtain a to-be-detected concentrated dry substance; purifying with / without an HLB column; further concentrating the eluent, adding acetonitrile for redissolving, passing through an organic filter membrane, putting into a small sample injection bottle, and concentrating again; adding an internal standard solution to a constant volume to obtain a to-be-detected sample solution; and finally, detecting the sample solution to be detected by using an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography system and a mass spectrometer. According to the invention, the blank of no corresponding detection method for various PPDs and PPD-Qs in human blood and tissues is filled up.

The embodiment of the invention relates to an off-grid comprehensive energy supply system taking ammonia as an energy carrier. The off-grid comprehensive energy supply system comprises a power generation system and an ammonia synthesis system, wherein the power generation system comprises a main power generation module and a secondary power generation module, the main power generation module at least comprises a wind power generation module and a photovoltaic power generation module, the secondary power generation module at least comprises a nuclear energy power generation module and a biomass power generation module, and the power generation system is used for providing electric energy for the ammonia synthesis system; the ammonia synthesis system at least comprises one of the following devices: an electrochemical ammonia synthesis device and a Harberg method ammonia synthesis device, and the electrochemical ammonia synthesis device is a device which utilizes hydrogen and nitrogen as raw materials and utilizes lithium and quinone organic matters as electron transfer media to realize electrochemical synthesis reaction of ammonia; stable electric energy and heat energy supply is realized by integrating wind, light, core and biomass power generation processes, and is used as an energy source for ammonia preparation, and the prepared ammonia is easy to liquefy, convenient to transport and wide in application.

The application discloses an automatic control method for oxidation flocculation parameters in mancozeb wastewater treatment, and belongs to the technical field of industrial wastewater treatment and automatic control. In view of the problem that the existing process relies on manual experience and the oxidation and flocculation stages are improperly connected, the multifunctional modified material containing dithiocarbamate salt groups, quinone groups and pre-complexed manganese and zinc ions is prepared first; the material and hydrogen peroxide are synchronously added in the acid oxidation stage, and the control system monitors the redox potential change rate in real time; when the redox potential reaches the preset threshold value and the characteristic change point with the first derivative of zero or the change from positive to negative appears and is maintained for the preset maintenance time, the system is automatically adjusted to be alkaline, the modified material triggers the net capture and chelation crosslinking reaction, and finally solid-liquid separation is carried out; the polymer skeleton is protected from indiscriminate attack of free radicals, the problem of drug antagonism is overcome, and the stable and up-to-standard effluent quality is realized.

The invention belongs to the technical field of genetic engineering, and particularly relates to construction and application of genetically engineered bacteria for producing PQQ. According to the invention, Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655 is used as a chassis cell, and genes pqqA and pqqBCDE, which are used for controlling the source of Gluconobacter oxydans 621H by a PT7 promoter, are integrated on a genome; performing copy number and promoter optimization on the pqqA gene, the pqqB gene, the pqqC gene, the pqqD gene and the pqqE gene in the pqq gene cluster; the method comprises the following steps: overexpressing and coding a metalloproteinase subunit TldD gene tlDd, and knocking out a coding DNA (Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid) to combine with a transcription dual-regulatory factor IscR gene iscR; enhancing the coding of the outer membrane protein A gene ompA; overexpressing a quinone protein glucose dehydrogenase coding gene gcd; the S-adenosylmethionine synthetase coding gene metK is integrated, and the efficient synthesis of the PQQ is realized through the method.

Quinones for use in therapeutic recovery, normalization and / or improvement of ATP in mitochondrial deficient cells, such as red blood cells, are disclosed. Particular examples are use in the treatment of erythrocystic diseases, especially in the treatment of erythrocyte metabolic defects, such as erythrocyte glycolysis defects. This treatment increases ATP in non-mitochondrial cells. Thus, the present invention relates to quinones for use in the treatment of diseases or conditions associated with or caused by a glycolytic deficiency in red blood cells.

The invention relates to a process for the production of an organic layer comprising regions with different electronic properties. The process is based on the use of dihydroanthracene, dihydrobenzene, benzol or fluorene precursors functionalised with at least one substituted propargyl alcohol. By subjecting these precursors to a reduction / re-aromatisation reaction and / or to a retro-Favorskii reaction one obtains small organic molecules or polymers having different electronic properties, due to the specific chemical composition generated by the different chemical reactions in which the precursors are involved. Therefore, starting from the same precursor and subjecting it alternatively to the two specified reactions, one obtains products with different electronic properties. i.e. molecules characterised by high energy levels of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), which have at least one aromatic ring substituted with at least one ethynyl group, and molecules characterised by lower energy levels of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), which have at least one carbonyl functionality, preferably at least one quinone ring or at least one phenyl with at least one carbonyl functionality. The reactions are carried out in such a way that the final products are incorporated into a single organic layer.

The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization and building materials, in particular to waste glass fiber reinforced plastic modified concrete and a preparation method thereof. The waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder is directly added into a concrete material system, microcracks are easily caused, and the overall mechanical property of the concrete is remarkably reduced. In order to solve the technical problems, the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic modified concrete is provided, a PTA coating layer rich in high-activity quinonyl is successfully constructed on the surface of glass fiber reinforced plastic powder through alkaline oxidation auto-polymerization of tannic acid, meanwhile, amino at the tail end of m-KH550 reacts with quinonyl on the surface of GF-coated PTA through Schiff base reaction, a firm imine covalent bond is formed, and therefore the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic modified concrete is obtained. Covalent crosslinking is formed between the glass fiber reinforced plastic powder and the active metakaolin. By introducing the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder into a concrete system, the overall mechanical property of the concrete can be remarkably improved.

The invention discloses a synthesis method of a 1, 3-benzoxazine compound. Belongs to the technical field of organic compound process application. 1, 3-benzoxazine is a key skeleton structure of many drug molecules and has a wide application prospect. Specifically, a series of 1, 3-benzoxazine compounds are obtained by catalyzing o-hydroxyphenyl substituted p-methylene quinone and ketimine to react in a solvent by taking binaphthol phosphate as a catalyst through a Diels-Alder hybrid reaction. According to the method, the product with high yield is rapidly obtained from cheap raw materials through simple operation under mild reaction conditions, and the method is suitable for industrial large-scale production.

The invention belongs to the technical field of melamine resin preparation, and provides yellowing-resistant antioxidant melamine resin and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, by taking melamine, formaldehyde and a modifying reagent as raw materials, preparing a melamine prepolymer by adjusting reaction conditions; secondly, a quinone-phenol hybrid antioxidant is designed and prepared, and through introduction of a hybrid molecular structure, the quinone-phenol hybrid antioxidant has excellent free radical capture ability and oxidation inhibition effect; then, a multifunctional light stabilizer containing hindered amine, phosphine and triazine groups is synthesized, and the light stability and weather resistance of the material are remarkably improved by utilizing an intermolecular synergistic effect; and finally, uniformly dispersing and curing the melamine prepolymer, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer and other auxiliaries, and carrying out multi-step temperature regulation and curing treatment to prepare the melamine resin material with excellent performance.

The present invention relates to the technical field of extracting active ingredients from medicinal plants. Specifically, a method for separating and extracting tripterygium wilfordii quinone A from the root of the Chinese herb "Torreya grandis" is disclosed. The method uses the root of the Chinese herb "Torreya grandis" as the raw material and obtains tripterygium wilfordii quinone A monomer through pulverization, reflux extraction, extraction, reverse-phase medium-pressure C18 column chromatography, and reverse-phase high-pressure C18 column chromatography. The method is simple, rapid, and has high socioeconomic value. The obtained tripterygium wilfordii quinone A has a high purity (99.72%), laying the foundation for subsequent research on its pharmacological activity and the development of new immunotherapy drugs.

The bioplastic additives and antimicrobial plastics include polyphenols and organic polymers. The polyphenol can be a phenol, a polyphenol, a bioflavonoid, a flavonoid, a tannin, a coumarin, a lagman, a quinone, a stilbene, or a qurcuminoidenin. The organic polymer may be chitosan, chitin, cellulose, and keratin. In an advantageous form, the polyphenol is hesperidin, and the organic biopolymer is chitosan.

The present invention discloses polycyclic condensed-ring conjugated macromolecules based on quinone-type end groups, intermediates thereof, and methods for preparing and applying the same. The polycyclic condensed-ring conjugated macromolecules based on quinone-type end groups of the present invention are compounds represented by the following formula (1). The polycyclic condensed-ring conjugated macromolecules based on quinone-type end groups provided by the present invention have strong near-infrared light absorption and a suitable energy level structure, making them suitable for use as light detection materials or photovoltaic materials in the preparation of light detectors or solar cells. #imgabs0#