2458 results about "Glycemic" patented technology

A system and method for continuous non-invasive glucose monitoring is disclosed. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the method includes the steps of (1) contacting a remote device to an area of biological membrane having a permeability level, the remote device comprising a sensor and a transmitter; (2) extracting the at least one analyte through and out of the area of biological membrane and into the sensor; (3) generating an electrical signal representative of a level of the at least one analyte; (4) transmitting the electrical signal to a base device; (5) processing the electrical signal to determine the level of the at least one analyte; and (6) displaying the level of the at least one analyte in real time. The system includes a remote device that includes a sensor that generates an electrical signal representative of the concentration of the at least one analyte; and a transmitter that transmits the electrical signal. The system further includes a base device that includes a receiver that receives the electrical signal; a processor that processes the electrical signal; and a display that displays the processed signal in real time.

A system to assist an individual in developing a therapy in diabetes treatment of a patient includes a user interface control module, a simulation engine, a charting and display module. The user interface control module receives an input related to the patient and captures a current time of the simulation. The simulation engine receives the input, generates a plurality of blood glucose readings for the patient up to the current time of the simulation based on the input, and to transfers the plurality of blood glucose readings. The charting and display module receives the plurality of blood glucose readings and display the plurality of blood glucose readings. The simulation engine receives patient parameters from a patient parameter library based on a selected patient model.

A method, system, and computer program product related to the maintenance of optimal control of diabetes, and is directed to predicting the long-term exposure to hyperglycemia, and the long-term and short-term risks of severe or moderate hypoglycemia in diabetics, based on blood blucose readings collected by a self-monitoring blood glucose device. The method, system, and computer program product pertain directly to the enhancement of existing home blood glucose monitoring devices, by introducing an intelligent data interpretation component capable of predicting both HbA1c and periods of increased risk of hypoglycemia, and to the enhancement of emerging continuous monitoring devices by the same features. With these predictions the diabetic can take steps to prevent the adverse consequences associated with hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia.

An apparatus and method are provided for determining a patient's carbohydrate to insulin ratio (CIR) and insulin sensitivity factor (ISF), and using these values, along with values for current blood glucose level and deviation from target blood glucose level, for determining insulin dose in view of carbohydrate intake during a particular time period. The apparatus and method employ algorithms that can be implemented in any of a personal computer, personal data assistant, hand held computing device, blood glucose monitor, infusion pump, medication delivery pen, meter, calculator, among other therapeutic, diagnostic or informational devices used for managing a patient's blood glucose levels.

A computer implemented method and associated apparatus for the combined control of insulin bolus dosing and basal delivery for the goal of achieving normal glycemic response to meals, exercise, stressors, and other perturbations to blood glucose levels. A run-to-run algorithm is used to monitor blood glucose levels and adjust insulin delivery as conditions are varied.

The present invention relates to novel peptide conjugates which have increased stability and are useful in the treatment of excess levels of blood glucose.

FBPase inhibitors of the formula I and Xare useful in the treatment of diabetes and other conditions associated with elevated blood glucose or excess glycogen storage.

Method and calculations determine an individual's, or several individuals' simultaneous rates of oxygen consumption, maximum rates of oxygen consumption, heart rates, calorie expenditures, and METS (multiples of metabolic resting rate) in order to determine the amounts of work that is performed by the individual's body. A heart monitor measures the heart rate, and an accelerometer measures the acceleration of the body along one or more axes. An altimeter measures change in altitude, a glucose monitor measures glucose in tissue and blood, and thermometers, thermistors, or thermocouples measure body temperature. Data including body fat and blood pressure measurements are stored locally and transferred to a processor for calculation of the rate of physiological energy expenditure. Certain cardiovascular parameters are mathematically determined. Comparison of each axis response to the individual's moment can be used to identify the type of activity performed and the information may be used to accurately calculate total energy expenditure for each physical activity. Energy expenditure may be calculated by assigning a separate proportionality coefficient to each axis and tabulating the resulting filtered dynamic acceleration over time, or by comparison with previously predetermined expenditures for each activity type. A comparison of total energy expenditure from the current activity is compared with expenditure from a previous activity, or with a baseline expenditure rate to assess the level of current expenditure. A measure of the individual's cardio-vascular health may be obtained by monitoring the heart's responses to various types of activity and to total energy expended.

A noninvasive or minimally invasive procedure and system for measuring blood glucose levels is disclosed. A set of photodiodes detects the fluorescence and reflectance of light energy emitted from one or more emitters, such as LEDs, into a patient's skin. In an embodiment, small molecule metabolite reporters (SMMRs) that bind to glucose are introduced to the measurement area to provide more easily detected fluorescence.

Methods and apparatus are provided for determining a diabetic patient's carbohydrate to insulin ratio (CIR), carbohydrate to blood glucose ratio (CGR), and insulin sensitivity factor (ISF) using the patient's record of blood glucose readings, carbohydrate consumption and insulin doses. The method provides the sensitivity factors that best account for the patient's observed blood glucose changes by linear regression of appropriately transformed variables. An apparatus that can collect and store the blood glucose readings, insulin dosages, and carbohydrate intake data and process these data according to this invention can generate statistically characterized sensitivity factors to advise the diabetic patient on optimal bolus insulin dosages.

A blood glucose maintenance system for use by hyperglycemic individuals measures their blood glucose level and calculates an appropriate glucose or insulin dosage based on the measurement. Recheck intervals responsive to dosage history are determined. Warning or alert messages or signals are produced if certain measurements or calculations fall outside established normal ranges. It is particularly useful for patients in a hospital or in-patient environment.

Various methods for improving the use of model based prediction of future blood glucose control in a patient having diabetes are described. A system for processing diabetes related information, including glucose information, for accurately predicting future glucose levels as a function of glucose data, carbohydrate intake, insulin delivery history and exercise history and then providing recommendations related to the predicted future glucose levels, is also described.

A pancreatic controller (102), comprising: a glucose sensor (118), for sensing a level of glucose or insulin in a body serum; at least one electrode (110, 112), for electrifying an insulin producing cell or group of cells; a power source (104) for electrifying said electrode with a pulse that does not initiate an action potential in said cell and has an effect of increasing insulin secretion; and a controller (106) which receives the sensed level and controls said power source to electrify said electrode to have a desired effect on said level.

A method of displaying medical data, particularly data representative of the condition of patients suffering from chronic medical conditions such as asthma, diabetes and hypertension. The display consists of two graphical elements, one of which indicates the current value of a parameter indicative of the patient's condition, this being displayed against another graphical element which represents a model of normality for that patient. The graphical element indicating the current condition may be, for example, a needle, against a scale which is constructed according to the patient-specific model of normality. This is particularly advantageous in the case of displays which have a small display area, such as mobile telephones and PDAs. Other forms of display are disclosed, such as histograms with the display being dynamically colour-coded and auto-scaled, or displays including limits which may vary. Another form of display is also disclosed which illustrates administrations of a pharmacological agent and corresponding measurements of the patient's condition, with a visual link such as colour-coding linking the administration to the corresponding condition measurement. For example several days of insulin administration dosages may be displayed alongside several days of blood glucose measurements, with the administrations colour-coded to the corresponding blood glucose measurement, to assist the patient in determining whether the insulin administration is stably controlling their condition.

Reducing the digestion of digestible carbohydrates in a digestible carbohydrate-based material, and reducing the absorption of the digestion product(s) of digestible carbohydrates (that is, simple sugars) within the small intestine. The undigested digestible carbohydrate and the unabsorbed digestion products pass through the small intestines and into the colon, where they are fermented. In effect, the food materials made by practicing the present invention cause a controlled amount of digestible carbohydrate to by-pass the small intestine, resulting in the fermentation of digestible carbohydrates in the colon. The invention also provides for processing of a digestible carbohydrate-based ingredient with a non-digestible food film material, to form a reduced digestible carbohydrate food having a protective food film network, which can inhibit or prevent digestion of the digestible carbohydrate. The present invention also provides for processing of a digestible carbohydrate-based ingredient with a non-digestible food film material, to provide a resulting reduced digestible carbohydrate food containing a viscosity-building component that contributes to the formation of a viscous intestinal chyme that can inhibit or prevent digestion of the digestible carbohydrate and can inhibit adsorption of digestion products of digestible carbohydrates in the small intestine.

An apparatus carries out measurements of blood glucose in a repeatable, non-invasive manner by measurement of the rate of regeneration of retinal visual pigments, such as cone visual pigments. The rate of regeneration of visual pigments is dependent upon the blood glucose concentration, and by measuring the visual pigment regeneration rate, blood glucose concentration can be accurately determined. This apparatus exposes the retina to light of selected wavelengths in selected distributions and subsequently analyzes the reflection (as color or darkness) from a selected portion of the exposed region of the retina, preferably from the fovea.

A controller for an insulin infusion device includes a processor device and a memory element that cooperate to provide a processor-implemented closed-loop insulin limit module. The insulin limit module is operated to obtain: a fasting blood glucose value of a user; a total daily insulin value of the user; and fasting insulin delivery data that is indicative of insulin delivered to the user during a fasting period. The insulin limit module calculates a maximum insulin infusion rate for the user based on the fasting blood glucose value, the total daily insulin value, and the fasting insulin delivery data. The maximum insulin infusion rate is applicable during a period of closed-loop operation of the insulin infusion device.