3476 results about "Diabetic patient" patented technology

A glucose measuring system includes a glucose meter that incorporates wireless communication capabilities. The meter can advantageously be a low cost meter by eliminating expensive components, such as the display. The user nevertheless is able to retrieve and view his or her glucose values by referring to displays within the glucose measuring local area network. Feedback via these displays can advantageously be used by the diabetic to create a higher level of confidence and safety.

A system to assist an individual in developing a therapy in diabetes treatment of a patient includes a user interface control module, a simulation engine, a charting and display module. The user interface control module receives an input related to the patient and captures a current time of the simulation. The simulation engine receives the input, generates a plurality of blood glucose readings for the patient up to the current time of the simulation based on the input, and to transfers the plurality of blood glucose readings. The charting and display module receives the plurality of blood glucose readings and display the plurality of blood glucose readings. The simulation engine receives patient parameters from a patient parameter library based on a selected patient model.

Method for digitally determining the daily insulin regimen for a diabetic patient. The invention divides the patient's day into adjustable time intervals containing basal insulin dosage rates and Carbohydrate-to-Insulin Ratio(s) (for determining meal insulin doses). The invention identifies the Corrective Insulin doses over a time interval as an “error” in the Prescription Insulin (Basal Insulin+Meal Insulin). Methods involve first estimating the change to one of these two components of Prescription Insulin, and then determining the change to the other by subtracting from the error. One method estimates Change in Meal Insulin distributed among intervals proportional to old Meal Insulin. Another method lumps After-Meal Corrective Insulin together with Meal Insulin. Another method splits the interval at the After-Meal Corrective Dose and determines Basal from Time-Boundary Corrective Dose. Data may be obtained from the previous day, and a small fraction of error applied, leading to asymptotic reduction of error. Data may be obtained from recent history, and a larger fraction of error applied by doctor or automatic method.

A system is provided including a continuous analyte sensor that produces a data stream indicative of a host's analyte concentration and a device that receives and records data from the data stream from the continuous analyte sensor. The data received from the continuous analyte sensor may be used to provide alarms to the user when the analyte concentration and/or the rate of change of analyte concentration, as measured by the continuous analyte sensor, is above or below a predetermined range. Data received from the continuous analyte sensor may also be used to prompt the diabetic or caregiver to take certain actions, such as to perform another single point blood glucose measurement. The device may provide for toggling between modes that allow or prevent the display of glucose concentration values associated with the continuous glucose sensor.

A computer implemented method and associated apparatus for the combined control of insulin bolus dosing and basal delivery for the goal of achieving normal glycemic response to meals, exercise, stressors, and other perturbations to blood glucose levels. A run-to-run algorithm is used to monitor blood glucose levels and adjust insulin delivery as conditions are varied.

The invention provides nutritional supplements for an oral or enteral administration to humans, whether in satisfactory health, or having a medical condition. These supplements can provide humans with a complete, balanced nutrition in a bioavailable form, either as a food supplement or as a meal replacement, and preferably includes one or more slow-digesting carbohydrates that renders them effective in maintaining blood glucose levels at, or returning abnormal blood glucose levels to, normal blood glucose levels. Nutritional supplements within the invention can be employed with humans that are diabetic, borderline diabetic, pregnant and/or lactating, geriatric humans and humans that have, are at risk for, or develop other glucose intolerance or cardiovascular disease.

A test apparatus having a base which performs a plurality of tests for different analytes in body fluids. A portable tester, such as a glucose meter, is detachably mounted to the base and provides a convenient and ergonomic hand-held instrument which a diabetic may carry to frequently monitor blood glucose levels. When mounted or docked to the base, the portable tester is data linked to the base. The invention provides a communications network among the base, the portable tester and another device such as a PC. The portable tester can therefore be kept small and inexpensive since advanced computing and data storage capabilities are provided in the base or a PC.

Microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus are closely related to blood glucose levels and fluctuations. The Glycostator statistical package was created to allow patients and health care providers simple access to “glycemic indicators” which permit a “snapshot view” of the effectiveness of the patient's diabetes management program. Glycostator functions provide a simple way of enhancing the information already provided by home blood glucose monitoring devices. To this end, a set of new indices, including one called the Virtual A1c, are computed in a recursive fashion from blood glucose test results to provide a more meaningful day-to-day assessment of glycemic control. All indices can be made available at the meter user interface on request. The displayed indices allow patients to improve glycemic control by identifying problems with blood glucose control and lability that are less easily recognized in traditional blood glucose meter statistical packages. Virtual A1c emulates hemoglobin A1c continuously and provides better day-to-day assessment of long term glycemic control than does the traditional average blood glucose report. The method for computing each of these indices, including the Virtual A1c, allows for their implementation in commercial blood glucose monitors.

Methods and apparatus are provided for determining a diabetic patient's carbohydrate to insulin ratio (CIR), carbohydrate to blood glucose ratio (CGR), and insulin sensitivity factor (ISF) using the patient's record of blood glucose readings, carbohydrate consumption and insulin doses. The method provides the sensitivity factors that best account for the patient's observed blood glucose changes by linear regression of appropriately transformed variables. An apparatus that can collect and store the blood glucose readings, insulin dosages, and carbohydrate intake data and process these data according to this invention can generate statistically characterized sensitivity factors to advise the diabetic patient on optimal bolus insulin dosages.

The present invention provides contact lens with integrated biosensor for the continuous, non-invasive monitoring of physiological glucose by employing biocompatible nanostructure-laden lens materials. These contact lenses can be worn by diabetics who can colorimetrically see changes in their contact lens color or other fluorescence-based properties, giving an indication of tear and blood glucose levels. This invention for the glucose biosensor based on the new disposal contact lens provides a safe, convenient and non-expensive glucose sensing device. The sensing device disclosed herein provides an efficient and noninvasive solution for monitoring blood glucose.

Provided are a measurement device by which the blood-sugar level or the like associated with the living activity of a diabetic patient can be measured easily and precisely and the measured valued associated with the living activity can be clinically applied easily, and an insulin infusion device, a measurement method, a method for controlling an insulin fusion device, and a program. A blood-sugar level measurement device (100) is provided with a blood-sugar level sensor (200) and an acceleration sensor (112) for measuring movement information associated with human body activity, wherein a CPU (110 controls, on the basis of the measured movement information, whether or not the measurement operation of a blood-sugar measurement circuit (113) can be executed. The CPU (110) further associates and records in a recording unit (111) the measured blood-sugar level and the movement information measured by the acceleration sensor (112), and displays the associated blood-sugar level and movement information on a display unit (102). The CPU (110) further combines the blood-sugar level measured by the blood-sugar level sensor (200) and the data detected by the acceleration sensor (112) and executes each mode processing.

The invention disclosed herein provides methods and materials for observing the state of a sensor, for example those used by diabetic patients to monitor blood glucose levels. Typically a voltage such as a voltage pulse is applied to the sensor in order to solicit a current response from which for example, factors such as impedance values can be derived. Such values can then be used as indicators of a sensor's state, for example the state of sensor hydration, sensor noise, sensor offset, sensor drift or the like.

A substantially moisture-proof, airtight dispenser for both storing and dispensing several flattened articles such as diagnostic test strips. The inventive dispenser includes a novel pivotable housing that a user need merely grab and squeeze to eject a test strip. Independent movement of the user's fingers to push a button or turn a knob is unnecessary to dispense a strip, which makes the present invention well suited for diabetics suffering from nerve damage in their extremities and other complications resulting from the disease. The invention includes a novel flexible arm member and pusher head that engage and push an article from the dispenser as the two parts of the housing are pivoted together. The articles are dispensed through an exit that is configured with a novel flexible seal that maintains the dispenser substantially airtight. Several inventive seal embodiments and methods of making the same are disclosed.

A method for individualized management of diabetes in insulin-dependent patients provides a period of evaluation as the patient adheres to a structured pattern of eating, sleeping, and physical activity. Glucose is monitored with a continuous glucose monitoring system, insulin doses are metered, carbohydrate consumption is quantified, and glucose, carbohydrate, and insulin data are collected and analyzed. Insulin dosage is adjusted in three steps: (1) an insulin dosage is estimated from conventional formulas, (2) adjustments are made according to the patient's clinical specifics, and (3) further insulin dose adjustments are made according to glucose data obtained during the evaluation period. By the end of the evaluation period, substantially normal glucose values are achieved, and quantitative relationships from data are calculated that are then applied to determine insulin dosages for an ensuing period of therapy. By this method, diabetic patients achieve a near normal glycemic profile, and without significant occurrence of hypoglycemic episodes.

A method is provided for the determination of the concentration of compounds in body tissue and fluids. The method utilises two compartments containing reference solutions, which are separated from the sample by two different semi-permeable membranes, in a serial manner, whereby a difference in osmotic pressure occurs in the two compartments due to compounds, which can permeate one of the membranes, but not the other. The difference in osmotic pressure reflects the concentration of these compounds. The method is especially suited for analysis of the concentration of glucose in blood or tissue of diabetic patients, where a device is implanted underneath the skin of the patient and where the method is carried out by using the implanted device.

A method and device are provided for the determination of the concentration of compounds in body tissue. The method utilises optical methods based on the interaction of light with compounds, whereby the concentration of the compound under analysis is determined. The method is especially suited for analysis for the concentration of glucose in blood or tissue of diabetic patients, a device being implanted underneath the skin of the patient and the method being carried out by using the implanted device. The device contains photo detectors at different levels connected by wires to an electronic circuit device. A differential analysis is performed on the signals from the detectors to reduce the effect of skin on the analysis.

A micro-pump that supplies medication from a reservoir to a patient through a flexible tube is disclosed. The pump, which is especially suitable but not confined to delivering insulin to diabetic patients, is small and light enough to be attached to the body using adhesive plaster or to be strapped to the body in any other manner. In the preferred embodiment the pump mechanism comprises a lead screw, a weak force rotating element, an actuator, and a high force holding element. The device also includes a processing circuitry for controlling and monitoring the drive mechanism, a force sensor to measure medication pressure which generates indicative signals to the processing circuitry, a sensor for tracking the position of the syringe plunger, and a remote control unit.

A flexible system capable of utilizing data from different monitoring techniques and capable of providing assistance to patients with diabetes at several scalable levels, ranging from advice about long-term trends and prognosis to real-time automated closed-loop control (artificial pancreas). These scalable monitoring and treatment strategies are delivered by a unified system called the Diabetes Assistant (DiAs) platform. The system provides a foundation for implementation of various monitoring, advisory, and automated diabetes treatment algorithms or methods. The DiAs recommendations are tailored to the specifics of an individual patient, and to the patient risk assessment at any given moment.