528 results about "Partial pressure" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to an aerobic aeration treatment system for plateau domestic sewage treatment, which comprises a pretreatment unit, a biological treatment unit, an advanced treatment unit and a recycling unit which are connected in sequence, the system further comprises a data acquisition module, an aerobic aeration intelligent regulation and control module, a biochemical environment constant-temperature maintenance module, a carbon-nitrogen proportion and backflow dynamic regulation and control module, a digital twinning and sludge characteristic simulation module and an energy collaborative scheduling module. Compared with the prior art which adopts a standard aeration strategy and cannot adapt to the special environment of low air pressure and low oxygen partial pressure of the plateau, the system can accurately adapt to the plateau environment by integrating real-time atmospheric pressure and water temperature monitoring, dynamically calculating the oxygen saturation solubility and correcting the aeration control target according to the oxygen saturation solubility, so that the aeration control target is optimized. Stable supply of dissolved oxygen required by biochemical reaction is ensured, and the technical bottleneck of low efficiency of traditional sewage treatment in plateau regions is fundamentally overcome.

The invention provides a method for selecting a high-concentration VOCs adsorbent at different temperatures and application, and belongs to the technical field of waste gas governing. According to the method, through testing pore structure parameters of a model adsorption material with concentrated pore size distribution, a static adsorption isotherm and a dynamic penetration curve for VOCs at different temperatures, a high-concentration VOCs adsorbent is obtained; a linear relation equation of the critical aperture and the critical pressure is established through linear fitting, then a correlation equation of the critical aperture, the temperature and the partial pressure is established, and the appropriate aperture distribution range and the model selection standard of the high-concentration VOCs adsorbent at different temperatures are determined by combining dynamic adsorption results. According to the method, the ternary matching relation equation of the VOCs partial pressure, the temperature and the critical aperture is constructed, accurate type selection of the high-concentration VOCs adsorbent at different temperatures is achieved, the pore volume utilization rate and the adsorption capacity can be improved, meanwhile, desorption energy consumption and the VOCs pyrolysis risk are reduced, and a theoretical basis is provided for adsorbent type selection and technical optimization.

The present invention discloses a pyrolysis oil and gas cutting device and method, comprising a waste rubber pellet pyrolysis module, a pyrolysis oil and gas high-efficiency cutting module, a pyrolysis oil and gas condensation module, a Roots blower, a non-condensable gas pressure-stabilizing and conveying module, and a control module. By spraying cooling water and circulating non-condensable gas onto the high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas, the present invention utilizes the vaporization of the cooling water to absorb a large amount of latent heat of phase change, fully condensing the high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas. Furthermore, the generated water vapor and non-condensable gas reduce the partial pressure of low-flash-point components in the oil and gas, causing them to continuously migrate from the liquid phase to the gas phase. While ensuring that the oil product flash point meets standards, the minimum flash point cutting temperature required for condensation of high-flash-point oil is lowered, thereby increasing the yield of high-flash-point oil.

Flue gas is compressed to high pressures, which raises the partial pressure of carbon dioxide thus facilitating its absorption into physical solvents (e.g., water, salt solutions, methanol). When added onto an existing CO2-producing process, the compression is performed using multiple stages with intercooling. After the high-pressure carbon dioxide dissolves into the physical solvent, it flows through a series of pressure letdowns using turbines that allow the dissolved carbon dioxide to evolve from the solvent. Through a series of multiple compression stages, the evolved gas is compressed for transport, utilization, or storage. The flue gas that has been scrubbed of carbon dioxide flows through a series of expanders with interheating supplied from waste heat, or the heat of compression. The process is enhanced by employing alkalis that chemically react with acid gases, such as carbon dioxide. These same CO2-capture processes can be integrated into processes that produce shaft and / or electrical power.

The invention discloses a high-carbon ferro-chrome smelting control method based on a submerged arc furnace, and relates to the field of high-carbon ferro-chrome smelting control, and the high-carbon ferro-chrome smelting control method comprises the following steps: constructing a three-dimensional temperature measurement network, generating temperature field distribution in the furnace based on three-dimensional space coordinates of all temperature measurement points, and further extracting boundary position coordinates and volume change trend of a molten pool; the method comprises the following steps: performing matching degree calculation on an electrode position impedance gradient curve and a molten pool boundary change trend to diagnose the structural stability of a crucible area, calculating the partial pressure ratio of key components based on hearth pressure, and comprehensively diagnosing the overall health state grade of the furnace condition in the furnace in combination with the structural stability state of the crucible area in the furnace; according to the diagnosed overall health state grade of the furnace condition, the proportion of the chromium ore, the coke and the flux is dynamically adjusted, accurate sensing of the multi-dimensional state in the furnace and grading diagnosis of the furnace condition are achieved, the problems of insufficient reduction of raw materials, waste of the chromium ore and the like can be avoided in time, and the product purity and the smelting stability are guaranteed.

A process of forming a titania-silica glass body, the process including exposing a titania-doped silica soot body to a constant steam pressure step during which the partial steam pressure is at a first partial pressure of steam P1 that is from about 0 Torr to about 760 Torr and exposing the soot body to a ramp-up steam pressure step during which the partial steam pressure increases from the first partial pressure of steam P1 to a second partial pressure of steam P2, the second partial pressure of steam P2 being from about 50 Torr to about 760 Torr. The second partial pressure of steam P2 being greater than the first partial pressure of steam P1. The process further including heating the soot body during the constant steam pressure step and during the ramp-up steam pressure step and increasing the temperature during at least one of the constant steam pressure step and the ramp-up steam pressure step.

The invention provides a high-concentration volatile organic compound shallow cooling adsorption and desorption method based on filling type adsorption, and belongs to the technical field of waste gas treatment. According to the method, the pore structure parameters of a model adsorption material with concentrated pore size distribution and the static adsorption isotherm and dynamic penetration curve of VOCs at different temperatures are tested; a linear relation equation of critical aperture and critical pressure is established through fitting, a correlation equation of the critical aperture, temperature and partial pressure is constructed, dynamic adsorption capacity is calculated, and the low-temperature strengthening method suitable for dynamic adsorption is determined by combining a shallow cold adsorption and desorption strategy. According to the method, a ternary matching relation equation among VOCs partial pressure, adsorbent aperture and adsorption temperature is constructed, the critical aperture under a specific adsorption condition is calculated, a low-temperature enhanced VOCs shallow cold adsorption and desorption technology is developed, the desorption difficulty is reduced while the pore volume utilization rate and the adsorption capacity are improved, and a support is provided for adsorbent type selection and adsorption technology optimization.

The system comprises an absorption tower, a grading flash tank, a desorption tower, a buffer tank and an MVR (mechanical vapor recompression) compressor, a liquid outlet of the absorption tower is connected with the grading flash tank, a gas outlet of a first-stage flash cavity of the grading flash tank is connected with a carbon dioxide recovery unit, gas outlets of other flash cavities are connected with a gas inlet of the absorption tower, and a gas inlet of the absorption tower is connected with a gas outlet of the desorption tower. A liquid outlet of the grading flash tank is connected with a desorption tower, and a regenerated gas outlet of the desorption tower is connected with a buffer tank through an MVR compressor, so that regenerated gas is pressurized and then conveyed into the buffer tank; a gas outlet of the buffer tank is connected with the carbon dioxide recovery unit, and a steam outlet of the buffer tank is respectively connected with the grading flash tank and a reboiler of the desorption tower. The regeneration energy consumption can be reduced, and the equipment size can be reduced.

The invention relates to a vehicle-mounted screw air compressor oil emulsification prevention method and system, a medium and a program product, and in the method, the running state parameters of a screw air compressor are monitored in real time, and a water vapor saturation pressure formula and a temperature and pressure coupling mathematical model are used for calculating saturation water vapor pressure and actual water vapor partial pressure respectively. When the actual water vapor partial pressure is larger than the saturated water vapor pressure force corrected by the safety coefficient, the system adjusts the oil way temperature control valve to reduce the lubricating oil flow of the oil cooler so as to increase the exhaust temperature. If the condensation risk still exists and the exhaust temperature does not reach the shutdown protection threshold value, the oil way temperature control valve continues to be adjusted; if the exhaust temperature reaches the shutdown protection threshold value, the actual water vapor partial pressure is reduced by reducing the rotating speed of the frequency converter. And after the condensation risk is eliminated, the current operation parameters are maintained. The method is used for reducing the possibility that water vapor reaches saturation in the compression system and liquid water is separated out, and the accuracy and stability of lubricating oil emulsification risk control of the air compressor under the variable load working condition are improved.

The invention discloses a numerical simulation method for oil product evaporation and oil gas concentration distribution prediction in a confined space, and belongs to the technical field of oil product evaporation simulation in the confined space, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: constructing an oil product evaporation multiphase flow model of the confined space; the Lee phase change model is improved through a user-defined function UDF, and the difference value between the vapor partial pressure and the saturated vapor pressure is dynamically calculated to trigger the evaporation process; performing CFD simulation on an oil and gas distribution rule in the confined space; performing comparison verification on the CFD simulation result and experimental data; and predicting the time-varying concentration gradient distribution rule of oil and gas in the limited space based on the Lee phase change model. According to the numerical simulation method for oil product evaporation and oil gas concentration distribution prediction in the limited space, the concentration gradient distribution rule of oil gas in the limited space can be accurately predicted, an important reference basis is provided for an oil product leakage emergency disposal strategy, and the prevention and control capacity and the emergency disposal efficiency of oil product leakage accidents can be improved.

The application discloses a method for constructing oxygen defect regulation of hafnium dioxide 5d track electron, comprising the following steps: S1, using a hydrothermal method, by regulating the oxygen partial pressure in the preparation process, preparing hafnium oxide nanocrystals with different oxygen defects and calculating the oxygen defect concentration; S2, according to the first principle, calculating and constructing a hafnium dioxide crystal model under a microstructure, and modifying the corresponding model according to the experimental results of step S1; S3, according to the hafnium dioxide with oxygen defects obtained in step S2, calculating the total state density and the partial state density of the near-oxygen vacancy end hafnium atom and the far-oxygen vacancy end hafnium atom, respectively, calculating the proportion of the d atom track, and establishing a method for regulating the hafnium dioxide 5d track electron.

The invention provides a sterile filling process control method and system for midazolam oral liquid nitrogen charging protection, and relates to the technical field of medicine filling process control. After midazolam oral liquid is subjected to nitrogen charging, a headspace gas multispectral image sequence in a bottle before sealing is collected through a transmission imaging system integrated with a filling line; extracting oxygen characteristic absorption wave band light intensity attenuation data through spectrum separation, and generating a bottleneck plane oxygen two-dimensional concentration diagram; calculating the local oxygen partial pressure of the pixel, and constructing a three-dimensional oxygen concentration field and marking an oxygen-enriched area by combining pre-stored geometric parameters of the bottle body; and then the model reference adaptive controller is used for comparing the model with an ideal nitrogen model to generate supplementary parameters containing purging angle, intensity and time, an execution mechanism is driven to perform fixed-point pulse purging, and after verification reaches the standard, a screw cap is used for sealing, so that accurate detection, directional processing and standard verification of the headspace oxygen-enriched area in the midazolam oral liquid bottle can be realized, and the safety of the midazolam oral liquid bottle is ensured. And the oxygen concentration before sealing meets the standard.

The invention discloses a zero-carbon method for strengthening coal seam gas recovery and CO2 storage by using flue gas residual heat in the technical field of residual heat utilization, gas extraction and carbon emission reduction. The zero-carbon method comprises the following steps: step 1, collecting high-temperature flue gas in a power plant; step 2, performing high-temperature CO2 concentration-compression; step 3, reservoir evaluation and area selection; 4, designing and constructing a horizontal well; 5, high-temperature CO2 injection and joint control energy increasing are conducted, specifically, high-temperature CO2 is injected into a preset section through a pump, the injection pressure and the injection speed are adjusted through the joint control energy increasing technology, and the diffusion range and the diffusion speed of CO2 are controlled; 4, gas recovery and CO2 storage: high-temperature CO2 is used for providing energy to promote gas desorption on one hand, and the high-temperature CO2 and CH4 in the adsorption state are subjected to competitive adsorption on the other hand. The method is simple and easy to operate, the coal seam gas partial pressure is reduced through CO2 injection, the recovery efficiency is improved, CO2 can be adsorbed by a coal seam and stored in a reservoir, and geological storage of CO2 is achieved.

The invention relates to core-shell structure ceramic powder as well as a preparation method and a preparation system thereof. According to the preparation method, a SiO2 core-containing suspension system is formed under stirring and heating conditions. And dropwise adding a pH regulator into the reaction cavity, guiding a reaction product of the ytterbium source solution and the silicon source solution to deposit and grow on the surface of the SiO2 core to form a core-shell structure precursor, and treating the core-shell structure precursor to obtain the core-shell structure ceramic powder comprising SiO2 (at) Yb2Si2O7. The material of the core of the core-shell structure ceramic powder is SiO2, the material of the shell is Yb2Si2O7, and the SiO2 core is used as a built-in silicon source library, so that the in-situ self-compensation function of the material in a high-temperature environment is realized, the stability of Yb2Si2O7 is ensured, and the problem of irreversible deoxidization decomposition of a Yb2Si2O7 phase can be avoided when the ceramic powder serves in an extreme environment with high temperature, high pressure and high water oxygen partial pressure for a long time.

The invention discloses a high-stability hydrated covalent organic framework membrane which comprises an ionic covalent organic framework and a self-supporting flexible substrate and is prepared by a vacuum-assisted self-assembly method, the thickness of the membrane is less than 100nm, and the pore size of the membrane is 2 + / -0.2 nm; the covalent organic framework is a nanosheet formed by polymerizing an aldehyde monomer 1, 3, 5-triformyl phloroglucinol and an amino monomer 4, 4 '-diamino-3. 3'-biphenyl disulfonic acid through a phase transfer method. According to the application of the membrane in natural gas decarburization, the membrane is applied to a wet natural gas purification system, has high flux and high selectivity in a CO2 / CH4 separation process, can tolerate multi-component conditions such as H2S, heavy hydrocarbons (C2H6, C3H8, n-C4H10, n-C6H14 and the like) and pressure as high as 33 bar, also has excellent separation performance on H2S / CH4, and has excellent separation performance in saturated steam of C6H14, C7H8 and C8H10 (hexane partial pressure is greater than or equal to 20 kPa). And the membrane separation performance is not obviously changed.

A stopping method for a separation device is a stopping method for a separation device, which is to be performed after a dehydration step using a separation membrane, the separation device including the separation membrane, the stopping method including: placing the separation membrane under an environment A in which a water vapor partial pressure P(H2O) and a saturation water vapor pressure Psat(H2O) satisfy a relationship of [P(H2O) / Psat(H2O)≥0.001] and a temperature is 100° C. or higher; and decreasing a temperature of the environment A.

The invention discloses a method for stepwise dissolution of copper, selenium and tellurium in copper anode slime and enrichment of precious metals, the method comprises the steps of ball milling and drying, pressure leaching, oxygen pressure conversion and alkaline leaching, in the pressure leaching process, the oxygen partial pressure in a sulfuric acid solution with the concentration of 10-30 g / L is controlled to be 0.05-0.2 MPa at the temperature of 100-120 DEG C, NaCl and HCl are added in the oxygen pressure conversion to improve the Se recovery rate, and the alkaline leaching is carried out at the temperature of 100-120 DEG C; na2S is added in alkaline leaching, so that the tellurium recovery rate is remarkably improved, and the copper-selenium-tellurium leaching efficiency is high.

The invention relates to the technical field of alloy smelting, in particular to a non-vacuum smelting preparation method of Mn-based alloy, which comprises the following steps: smelting a metal material and a covering agent to form a continuous slag layer, and obtaining a plurality of partial pressure ratios of furnace mouth escape gas and a vibration spectrum of a furnace body according to an initial detection period; determining whether the partial pressure ratio and the vibration spectrum meet oxidation judgment conditions and vibration judgment conditions or not; determining a melt state and a slag layer protection state on the basis of an oxidation judgment condition and a vibration judgment condition, adjusting input power and slag layer parameters on the basis of the slag layer protection state in combination with the partial pressure ratio, and adjusting the content of a deoxidizing agent in a pre-deoxidation procedure; and the risk that the final manganese yield is not within the target range is determined based on the risk grade judgment result, the final deoxidation degree and the standing duration are adjusted, the initial detection period is shortened, and the manganese-based alloy is prepared through pouring. The smelting parameters are adjusted by identifying the states of the melt and the slag layer and combining the manganese feedback efficiency, and the manganese yield of the manganese-based alloy smelted under the non-vacuum condition is increased.

The invention provides a manganese zinc ferrite magnetic ring sintering control method and system, and relates to the technical field of magnetic ceramic material preparation, the method comprises the steps of collecting real-time detection data and historical detection data of each collection area in a sintering furnace, constructing a temperature oxygen partial pressure coupling model, training the temperature oxygen partial pressure coupling model by using the historical detection data, and calculating the temperature oxygen partial pressure of the sintering furnace. Inputting real-time detection data into the trained temperature and oxygen partial pressure coupling model, and outputting a prediction result; judging whether the prediction result is consistent with a data range in a preset temperature oxygen partial pressure reference table or not; if yes, no processing is carried out; and if not, performing regulation and control according to the prediction result. According to the method, the temperature and the oxygen partial pressure of each area of the sintering furnace are predicted by building the temperature and oxygen partial pressure coupling model, dynamic adjustment is conducted in time, cooperative control over the temperature and the oxygen partial pressure in the magnet ring sintering process is achieved, the stability of the magnet ring sintering process is improved, and meanwhile the defective rate of the manganese zinc ferrite magnet rings is reduced.

The invention discloses a flue gas NO x The high-efficiency MnO2@Co3O4 composite catalyst and its preparation method are prepared by hydrothermal method, combined with ion implantation of cobalt ions, and then heat treatment. By controlling process parameters such as ion implantation and oxygen partial pressure, the window temperature of 90-350℃ and catalytic conversion efficiency of more than 90% at 200-250℃ are obtained, and good catalytic activity is also shown at low and high temperatures. The structure of the MnO2@Co3O4 composite catalyst is that Co3O4 nanoparticles are loaded on the surface of MnO2 nanospheres, and the specific surface area of ​​the MnO2@Co3O4 composite catalyst is 115-135m 2 ·g ‑1 The loading rate of Co3O4 nanoparticles is 30-40%, which has a large specific surface area and many catalytic active sites, which is beneficial to improve the catalytic activity. x The tail gas has good catalytic activity and can also effectively reduce the catalytic cost.

This invention belongs to the field of semiconductor optoelectronic device manufacturing technology and discloses a multi-stage annealing process for ITO thin films, including the following steps: Step 1: Under high vacuum protection, the furnace temperature is raised from room temperature to a first temperature T1 and held for a first time; Step 2: The furnace temperature is raised to a higher second temperature T2 and held for a second time, without the need for oxygen introduction during the second holding stage; Step 3: While maintaining the second temperature T2, a third holding stage is performed, and oxygen is introduced during the third holding stage; Step 4: A controllable cooling process is performed, which includes at least a slow cooling stage under the oxygen atmosphere and a rapid cooling stage under an inert gas or extremely low oxygen concentration atmosphere. This invention achieves precise staged control of the ITO thin film crystallization process, oxygen vacancy filling, and interfacial reactions by precisely controlling the oxygen partial pressure and cooling rate at different temperature stages.

The invention relates to a liquid metal oxygen sensor reference electrode system and method with both precision and safety, which can provide stable oxygen partial pressure when a probe works normally and actively prevent harmful substances from leaking when the probe is damaged, so that the measurement precision of a liquid metal oxygen sensor is ensured, and the safety and the reliability are improved at the same time. Comprising a sensor, a gas micro-flow controller, a reference gas cylinder, an inert gas cylinder, a gas fan and a waste gas treatment system, the sensor is connected with a signal measuring instrument through a cable; the sensor is connected with a reference gas cylinder and an inert gas cylinder through a gas supply pipeline; the sensor is sequentially connected with a back pressure valve, a pressure measuring instrument, a gas component measuring instrument, a gas fan, a check valve and a waste gas treatment system through an exhaust pipeline. The long-term measurement accuracy and stability can be improved, and the system misoperation probability is reduced; meanwhile, the safety of the reference electrode powder is ensured.

A process of forming a titania-silica glass body, the process including exposing a titania-doped silica soot body to a constant steam pressure step during which the partial steam pressure is at a first partial pressure of steam P1 that is from about 0 Torr to about 760 Torr and exposing the soot body to a ramp-up steam pressure step during which the partial steam pressure increases from the first partial pressure of steam P1 to a second partial pressure of steam P2, the second partial pressure of steam P2 being from about 50 Torr to about 760 Torr. The second partial pressure of steam P2 being greater than the first partial pressure of steam P1. The process further including heating the soot body during the constant steam pressure step and during the ramp-up steam pressure step and increasing the temperature during at least one of the constant steam pressure step and the ramp-up steam pressure step.

The invention relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide capture, in particular to a method for rapidly evaluating the stability of a CO2 absorbent. The method comprises the following steps: putting 50-200g of an absorbent to be detected into a high-pressure reaction kettle, and enabling the absorbent to be detected to load a certain amount of CO2; nitrogen is opened, and purging is conducted for 2-5 min; oxygen is introduced, the pressure is increased to 0.5 MPa to 2 MPa, the temperature is increased to 80 DEG C to 150 DEG C, and meanwhile the rotating speed is adjusted to 300 rpm to 800 rpm; the change of the oxygen concentration in the reaction kettle along with time is monitored in real time, and the oxidative degradation resistance stability of the absorbent is evaluated by comparing the time required by the same oxygen reduction amount. According to the invention, an accelerated oxidation experiment system for simulating industrial harsh conditions is constructed, and through the synergistic effect of high temperature, high pressure and specific oxygen partial pressure, rapid evaluation of the stability of the absorbent is realized in a short time, and the problems of long period and high cost of a traditional absorbent stability experiment are solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of metal material preparation, in particular to a multi-stage regulation and control aluminum-lithium-magnesium-zinc system additive manufacturing alloy which is prepared through the following steps that vacuum induction smelting is conducted, specifically, weighed raw materials are smelted under the oxygen partial pressure smaller than or equal to 10 <-3 > Pa, and 0.1-0.3% O2 / Ar mixed gas is introduced for 3-8 min before pouring; homogenizing treatment is conducted, specifically, the temperature is increased to 300 + / -5 DEG C and kept for 1-3 h, then the temperature is increased to 470 + / -5 DEG C and kept for 10-14 h, and argon protection is conducted in the whole process; thermomechanical processing is conducted, multi-directional forging is conducted firstly, the total deformation is 55%-65%, and the temperature is gradually reduced to 250 + / -5 DEG C from 350 + / -5 DEG C; then hot rolling is conducted to obtain a plate with the thickness being 6 mm, the pass deformation is 12-18%, then cold rolling is conducted to obtain the plate with the thickness being 2 mm, and the total deformation is 60-70%; wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 9.0 to 10 percent of Li, 3.5 to 5 percent of Al, 1.0 to 2.5 percent of Zn, 0.2 to 0.6 percent of Sc, 0.4 to 0.8 percent of Zr, 0.3 to 0.7 percent of Mn and the balance of Mg and inevitable impurities; wherein the molar ratio of Sc to Zr is (1: 1.4)-(1: 1.6). According to the technical scheme, the molar ratio of Sc to Zr is strictly controlled to range from 1: 1.4 to 1: 1.6, and balance of high strength and good plasticity is achieved.

A sorptive gas separation process employing a pre-concentration and purification process and systems thereof. Sorptive gas separation processes using partial pressure swing with a solid sorbent for separation of a target component from a multi-component gas stream are provided, along with systems thereof.

The invention relates to the technical field of sputter coating, in particular to a VOx thin film steady-state growth gas inlet device based on quick response gas control, which is used for injecting reaction gas into a reaction cavity in a VOx thin film sputtering system, a base and a heater arranged in the base are arranged in the reaction cavity, the gas inlet device comprises a reaction gas conveying channel and a gas inlet hole, the conveying channel is connected with an external gas source and conveys reaction gas to the reaction cavity, and the conveying channel is arranged below the base; the air inlet holes are formed in the base table top and communicated with the conveying channel, and the distribution of the air inlet holes in the base table top is that the density of an edge area below a wafer is larger than that of a central area. According to the invention, the inherent deposition non-uniformity of the edge and the center of the wafer is compensated through the non-uniform air inlet holes, so that the uniformity of the film is improved on the whole; the oxygen partial pressure adjusting rate is increased through a shortened gas conveying path, the target voltage fluctuation range is narrowed, and finally steady-state control is achieved.

The invention provides a method for preparing alpha, omega-binary acid by decommissioning polyolefin cracking based on stage oxidation, which comprises the following steps: in the absence of a catalyst or in the presence of a catalyst, mixing decommissioning polyolefin with water to form a dispersion system, and reacting at the temperature of 100-200 DEG C and the partial pressure of oxidant gas of 0.1-5.0 MPa to prepare alpha, omega-binary acid. The method comprises the following steps: introducing oxidant gas into a high-pressure closed reactor, carrying out a stirring reaction to obtain small-molecular carboxylic acid, carrying out oxidation treatment on the small-molecular carboxylic acid by using nitric acid to obtain alpha, omega-dibasic acid with a carbon atom number of 4-10, and efficiently preparing high-purity alpha, omega-dibasic acid with a carbon atom number of 4-10. And [omega]-binary acid.

This invention belongs to the field of solid oxide fuel cell control and optimization technology, and particularly to a dual-input model predictive control method for solid oxide fuel cells with carbon deposition constraints. It includes the following steps: S1: Constructing a DIR-SOFC controlled object model with 11 state variables; S2: Solving for the optimal control increment through sequential quadratic programming; S3: Constructing a constraint system; S4: Introducing an adaptive setpoint for the output voltage that adjusts linearly with the load current density. The model dimension of this invention is expanded from the existing 3 states to 11 states, fully covering six gas phase partial pressures, bilinear coupling of carbon accumulation and catalyst activity, and three-zone thermal dynamics. The ODE white-box prediction engine accurately reflects MSR nonlinearity and positive feedback of carbon deposition. Compared with ARMAX black-box prediction, the error is reduced from approximately 3% to less than 0.8%, with an average single-step calculation time of 133ms, meeting the real-time constraint of a 1s sampling time.

This disclosure includes the following steps: (a) forming an oxide SiGe film on the first side and an oxide Si film on the second side by oxidizing a first side of the SiGe layer and a second side of the Si layer respectively using a gas containing free radicalized oxygen; and (b) selectively etching the oxide SiGe film using hydrogen fluoride or a mixture of hydrogen fluoride and an inactive gas while maintaining the temperature of the semiconductor substrate above TL (°C) and below TH (°C). When the atomic ratio of Ge to Si in the SiGe layer is set to C (%) and the pressure or partial pressure of hydrogen fluoride in step (b) is set to P (Pa), C (%) < 25%, 50Pa ≤ P (Pa) ≤ 1000Pa, TL = 11.3 × LN (P) + 0.23 × C - 97.4, TH = 13 × LN (P) + C - 102.