45522results about How to "Emission reduction" patented technology

An amplifier system is provided that switches between a linear mode of operation, an envelope tracking mode of operation and a polar mode of operation. The amplifier system switches between modes of operation based upon a characteristic of an input signal relative to a first threshold level and a second threshold level. A mode selector selects the operation mode by transmitting an amplitude modulated signal plus a variable headroom voltage to a supply terminal of a power amplifier during the envelope tracking mode, an amplitude modulated signal to the supply terminal and phase modulated input signal during the polar mode and a substantially constant amplitude signal to the supply terminal during the linear mode.

The communication hardware of the system is controlled by software processes that are preferably grouped as engines that also retrieve process and store data using system hardware. The engines control the communication system hardware to send and receive signals to and from users of the system. The communication signals may include data and control signals for exchanging information and also control signals for remote hardware that, for example, generate displays on user hardware such as smart devices. The communications system allows coordination of segmented order deliveries in a segmented order distributed distribution system. The infrastructure described supports efficient communication to a network of couriers and smart device APPS. Systems, methods and applications for using electronic lists to facilitate commerce, excursion organization and political discourse are also described. Lists stored within the system may be used to facilitate a distributed distribution system using trusted drivers and authorized affiliates.

A low or no pollution engine is provided for delivering power for vehicles or other power applications. The engine has an air inlet which collects air from a surrounding environment. At least a portion of the nitrogen in the air is removed. The remaining gas is primarily oxygen, which is then routed to a gas generator. The gas generator has inputs for the oxygen and a hydrocarbon fuel. The fuel and oxygen are combusted within the gas generator, forming water and carbon dioxide. The combustion products are then expanded through a power generating device, such as a turbine or piston expander to deliver output power for operation of a vehicle or other power uses. The combustion products are then passed through a condenser where the steam is condensed and the carbon dioxide is collected or discharged. A portion of the water is routed back to the gas generator. The carbon dioxide is compressed and delivered to a terrestrial formation from which return of the CO2 into the atmosphere is inhibited.

A filter, system and method is provided for filtering nanoparticles in a hot gas, namely particles <about 1 micron in a gas >about 200° C. and further particularly >about 450° C. including diesel exhaust. The filter includes filter media material composed of fibrous filter media having a plurality of fibers and granular filter media having a plurality of granules extending from the surfaces of the fibers. The filter is characterized by a permeability >about 3×10−12 m2 and an inertial resistance coefficient <about 1×106 m−1. The filter captures particles in the Most Penetrating Region (MPR). A filter system includes a nanoparticle filter in series with a diesel exhaust treatment element.

Systems, methods and applications for using electronic lists to facilitate commerce, excursion organization and political discourse are described. The cloud based infrastructure described supports smart device APPS that encourage users to create electronic lists that include information that can be searched and used for targeted marketing without compromising the anonymity of the users. By providing IT infrastructure that facilitates and encourages users to create and share multiple lists, the system makes it possible to provide vendors, suppliers, marketers and interest organizations with direct information that is more valuable that information inferred from web browsing or other indirect acts. The information obtained directly from the users can then be used to facilitate commercial and other transactions. Lists stored within the system may be used to facilitate a distributed distribution system using trusted drivers and authorized affiliates.

A method of operating an engine for a vehicle having at least a first cylinder, the method comprising of operating the first cylinder to provide at least one of compression braking and expansion braking by holding one of an intake valve and an exhaust valve of the first cylinder closed while opening, closing, and opening the other of the intake valve and the exhaust valve during a cycle of the first cylinder and during a first vacuum level of an intake manifold upstream of the first cylinder; and operating the first cylinder to provide at least one of compression braking and expansion braking by operating both the intake valve and the exhaust valve of the first cylinder during a cycle of the first cylinder to allow at least some air to flow through the first cylinder during a second vacuum level of the intake manifold.

A battery pack for an electronic device comprises battery cells, a battery charging circuit, and an energy receiving element adapted to receive power from a planar inductive charging system. The energy receiving element has an inductance and a capacitor is connected to the energy receiving element and forms a resonant tank therewith. A diode rectifier and a DC capacitor are connected to the energy receiving element to provide a rectified DC voltage that can be fed from the energy receiving element to said battery charging circuit. The energy receiving element may comprise a soft magnetic sheet with a coil wound around its edges, or a coil formed on a printed circuit board, or a combination of the two. The energy receiving element may be formed integrally with the battery pack, or may be provided as a separate component that can be added to an existing battery.

Methods for preparing polyurethane flexible foam are described, wherein an organic polyisocyanate is reacted with an active hydrogen-containing component such as an organic polyol, in the presence of a urethane catalyst, a blowing agent, optionally a cell opener, and a siloxane-based surfactant composition as a stabilizer for the foam. The siloxane-based surfactant composition comprises a silanol-functionalized organosiloxane having general formula (I), wherein: the R groups are independently a C1-C3 alkyl, phenyl, or —OSi(R)3; provided that at least one R group is a hydroxyl (—OH) bonded directly to any silicon atom and X is an integer from 0-200.

Disclosed is a method for sharply reducing diurnal breathing loss emissions from automotive evaporative emissions control systems by providing multiple layers, or stages, of adsorbents. On the fuel source-side of an emissions control system canister, high working capacity carbons are preferred in a first canister (adsorb) region. In subsequent canister region(s) on the vent-side, the preferred adsorbent should exhibit a flat or flattened adsorption isotherm on a volumetric basis and relatively lower capacity for high concentration vapors as compared with the fuel source-side adsorbent. Multiple approaches are described for attaining the preferred properties for the vent-side canister region. One approach is to use a filler and / or voidages as a volumetric diluent for flattening an adsorption isotherm. Another approach is to employ an adsorbent with the desired adsorption isotherm properties and to process it into an appropriate shape or form without necessarily requiring any special provision for dilution. The improved combination of high working capacity carbons on the fuel source-side and preferred lower working capacity adsorbent on the vent-side provides substantially lower diurnal breathing emissions without a significant loss in working capacity or increase in flow restriction compared with known adsorbents used in canister configurations for automotive emissions control systems.

The invention relates to a process for producing a new type of high-quality hydrocarbon base oil of biological origin. The process of the invention comprises ketonisation, hydrodeoxygenation, and isomerization steps. Fatty acids and / or fatty acid esters based on a biological raw material are preferably used as the feedstock.

Methods and systems are provided for operating an engine fuel system including fuels of different fuel types. A first fuel type is delivered for port injection upon circulation through a high pressure pump when direct injection of a fuel is not requested to cool and / or lubricate the high pressure pump.

A method and apparatus for boosting the performance of gas turbine engines, pipelines, and other applications using gas turbine engine systems. A pressurizing device or other source is preferably used to deliver an intake air stream to the gas turbine engine at at least 2% above atmospheric pressure. The pressurizing device of other source is preferably not mechanically driven by the gas turbine engine itself.

A DC-DC converter includes a variable frequency oscillator, a control system and a power train. The DC-DC converter is well suited for use in a cell phone. The control system uses the output of the oscillator to control the power train. The oscillator varies its frequency as a function of a pseudo random number generator, thereby reducing electromagnetic interference caused by ripple in the output of the DC-DC converter.

An EL display device which can display vivid images with a good balance of the brightnesses of emitted red color, blue color, and green color light is provided. The EL display device has a plurality of pixels each containing EL elements respectively, and the EL display device performs gradation display by controlling the time during which the plurality of EL elements emit light. The EL display device is characterized in that a voltage applied to each of the EL elements differs depending upon the color displayed by the plurality of pixels each containing the EL elements respectively.

A low or no pollution power generation system is provided. The system has an air separator to collect oxygen. A gas generator is provided with inputs for the oxygen and a hydrocarbon fuel. The fuel and oxygen are combusted within the gas generator, forming water and carbon dioxide. Water or other diluents are also delivered into the gas generator to control temperature of the combustion products. The combustion products are then expanded through at least one turbine or other expander to deliver output power. The combustion products are then passed through a separator where the steam is condensed. A portion of the water is discharged and the remainder is routed back to the gas generator as diluent. The carbon dioxide can be conditioned for sequestration. The system can be optimized by adding multiple expanders, reheaters and water diluent preheaters, and by preheating air for an ion transfer membrane oxygen separation.

A thermodynamic system that produces mechanical, electrical power, and / or fluid streams for heating or cooling. The cycle contains a combustion system that produces an energetic fluid by combustion of a fuel with an oxidant. A thermal diluent may be used in the cycle to improve performance, including but not limited to power, efficiency, economics, emissions, dynamic and off-peak load performance, and / or turbine inlet temperature (TIT) regulation and cooling heated components. The cycle preferably includes a heat recovery system and a condenser or other means to recover and recycle heat and the thermal diluent from the energetic fluid to improve the cycle thermodynamic efficiency and reduce energy conversion costs. The cycle may also include controls for temperatures, pressures, and flow rates throughout the cycle, and controls power output, efficiency, and energetic fluid composition.

The present invention relates to no-phosphate corrosion and scale inhibitor and its application. The no-phosphate corrosion and scale inhibitor consists of polyaspartic acid and / or polyepoxy succinic acid 10-20 wt%, polymaleic anhydride 20-30 wt%, copolymer of acrylic acid and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propenyl sulfonic acid 15-20 wt%, zinc salt 3-5 wt%, natural organic high molecular compound 5-12 wt%, molybdate 5-8 wt%, and other components 5-20 wt%. It has excellent corrosion retarding performance, high scale inhibiting performance and environment friendship.

An area mixed traffic self-adapting signal coordinated control method relates to the technical field of the automatic control, wherein the vehicle information for entering the control junction is detected through a detector, and the vehicle information is transmitted to the traffic signal controller; the traffic signal controller performs the preheating on the traffic flow data, while the area coordinated control computer analyzes the traffic flow operation state of each inlet section of the junction, to perform the realtime analysis forecast, provides the optimized traffic signal project timing parameters to the traffic signal controller. The method of the invention divided the city road net into a plurality of subareas, adopts the layer net working to coordinated control the duration time of the traffic light at each junction, advances the traffic capacity, prevents the traffic congestion, reduces the off gas, ensures the traffic safety.

Provided is an emissions treatment system for an exhaust stream, having a NOx storage reduction (NSR) catalyst with a NOx sorbent at a concentration of at least 0.1 g / in3 and a platinum group metal component dispersed on a refractory metal oxide support; and, an SCR catalyst disposed downstream of the NSR catalyst. The emissions treatment system is advantageously used for the treatment of exhaust streams from diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines.

Combined thermal and compressed air storage systems are provided that utilize an exhaustless heater, such as a thermal storage unit, to provide power with enhanced efficiency. Compressed air is heated by the thermal storage unit prior to entering a turbine, which powers an electrical generator. In various embodiments, ambient air temperature, turbine exhaust or other types of waste heat are used to preheat the compressed air prior to the compressed air entering the thermal storage unit, thereby further increasing system efficiency.

The present invention provides systems and methods to improve the performance and emission control of internal combustion engines equipped with nitrogen oxides storage-reduction (“NSR”) emission control systems. The system generally includes a NSR catalyst, a fuel processor located upstream of the NSR catalyst, and at least one fuel injection port. The fuel processor converts a fuel into a reducing gas mixture comprising CO and H2. The reducing gas mixture is then fed into the NSR catalyst, where it regenerates the NSR adsorbent, reduces the NOx to nitrogen, and optionally periodically desulfates the NSR catalyst. The fuel processor generally includes one or more catalysts, which facilitate reactions such as combustion, partial oxidation, and / or reforming and help consume excess oxygen present in an engine exhaust stream. The methods of the present invention provide for NSR catalyst adsorbent regeneration using pulsed fuel flow. Control strategies are also provided.

The disclosure relates to fluid working devices including reciprocating internal combustion engines, compressors and pumps. A number of arrangements for pistons and cylinders of unconventional configuration are described, mostly intended for use in reciprocating internal combustion IC engines operating without cooling. Included are toroidal combustion or working chambers, some with fluid flow through the core of the toroid, pistons reciprocating between pairs of working chambers, tensile valve actuation, tensile links between piston and crankshaft, energy absorbing piston-crank links, crankshafts supported on gas bearings, cylinders rotating in housings, injectors having components reciprocate or rotate during fuel delivery. In some embodiments pistons mare rotate while reciprocating. High temperature exhaust emissions systems are described, including those containing filamentary material, as are procedures for reducing emissions during cold start by means of valves at reaction volume exit. Compound engines having the new engines as a reciprocating stage are described. Improved vehicles, aircraft, marine craft and transmissions adapted to receive or be linked to the improved IV engines are also disclosed.

A method of operating a gas turbine engine combustion system at lower load conditions while maintaining required emissions levels is disclosed. The present invention includes multiple embodiments of axial, radial, and circumferential fuel staging within a can-type combustor having alternate ignition techniques of spark ignition or torch ignition.

A turbine system is provided. The turbine system includes a compressor configured to compress ambient air and a combustor configured to receive compressed air from the compressor, and to combust a fuel stream to generate an exhaust gas. The turbine system also includes a turbine for receiving the exhaust gas from the combustor to generate electricity; wherein a first portion of the exhaust gas is mixed with the ambient air to form a low-oxygen air stream, and wherein the low-oxygen air stream is compressed using the compressor, and is directed to the combustor for combusting the fuel stream to generate a low-NOx exhaust gas.

A fan assembly for creating an air current includes an air inlet, an air outlet, an impeller and a motor for rotating the impeller to create an air flow passing from the air inlet to the air outlet. The air outlet includes an interior passage for receiving the air flow and a mouth for emitting the air flow. The air outlet defines an opening through which air from outside the fan assembly is drawn by the air flow emitted from the mouth. The motor has a rotor which, in use, is capable of rotating at a speed of at least 5,000 rpm.

A method includes determining an operational parameter of a first vehicle traveling with a plurality of vehicles in a transportation network and / or a route in the transportation network, identifying a failure condition of the first vehicle and / or the route based on the operational parameter, obtaining plural different sets of remedial actions that dictate operations to be taken based on the operational parameter, simulating travel of the plurality of vehicles in the transportation network based on implementation of the different sets of remedial actions, determining potential consequences on travel of the plurality of vehicles in the transportation network when the different sets of remedial actions are implemented in the travel that is simulated, and based on the potential consequences, receiving a selection of at least one of the different sets of remedial actions to be implemented in actual travel of the plurality of vehicles in the transportation network.