1168 results about "Low load" patented technology

A content-aware application switch and methods thereof intelligently switch client packets to one server among a group of servers in a server farm. The switch uses Layer 7 or application content parsed from a packet to help select the server and to schedule the transmitting of the packet to the server. This enables refined load-balancing and Quality-of-Service control tailored to the application being switched. In another aspect of the invention, a slow-start server selection method assigned an initially boosted server load metric to a server newly added to the group of servers under load balancing. This alleviates the problem of the new server being swamped initially due to a very low load metric compared to that of others. In yet another aspect of the invention, a switching method dependent on Layer 7 content avoids delayed binding in a new TCP session. Layer 7 content is not available during the initial handshaking phase of a new TCP session. The method uses the Layer 7 content from a previous session as an estimate to help select the server and uses a default priority to scheduling the transmitting of the handshaking packets. Updated Layer 7 content available after the handshaking phase is then used to reset the priority for the transmit schedule and becomes available for use in load balancing of the next TCP session.

DNS name resolution is integrated into each node in a network storage cluster, to allow load balancing of network addresses, using a weighted random distribution to resolve DNS requests. A node in the cluster gathers statistics on utilization of resources, such as CPU utilization and throughput, on nodes in the cluster and distributes those statistics to all other nodes. Each node uses the same algorithm to generate weights for the various IP addresses of the cluster, based on the statistics distributed to it. The weights are used to generate a weighted list of available network addresses. In response to a DNS request, a DNS in a given node randomly indexes into the weighted address list to resolve requests to a network address. The weights are chosen so that the DNS is likely to pick an IP address which has a low load, to balance port and node usage over time.

A cylinder cutoff control apparatus of an engine initiates a cylinder cutoff mode only when two conditions, namely a low load condition such as a vehicle cruising condition and an intake valve closure timing controlled to a given timing value before a bottom dead center, are both satisfied. A fuel cutoff mode is executed prior to the cylinder cutoff mode. During a transition to the cylinder cutoff mode, the control apparatus holds an intake valve open timing at a given timing value substantially corresponding to a top dead center, simultaneously with reducing an intake valve lift amount of each intake valve, subjected to cylinder cutoff control, to a zero lift. Immediately when the intake valve lift amount is reduced to below a lift threshold value, an exhaust valve lift amount of each exhaust valve, subjected to the cylinder cutoff control, is controlled to a zero lift.

A flow responsive dump valve mechanism for a straddle packer tool and has a valve controlled flow passage from which underflushed fluid, typically well treatment slurry, in a conveyance and fluid supplying tubing string can be dumped into a well casing. The dump valve mechanism incorporates a ratcheting power piston, an indexing mechanism and high and low load energy storage systems to accomplish open, closed and intermediate dump valve positions. The intermediate position increases the functionality of the tool by preventing accidental closure either due to the free fall of fluid through the coiled tubing or during flushing of the tool and permits the flow rate to be increased for thorough cleaning of the straddle tool and coiled tubing. For energy storage, a light compression spring provides power to cycle the indexing mechanism. Heavier load disc springs (Bellville Washers) are used to provide power for the ratcheting power piston to open the valve.

A control device for a spark-ignition engine, in which a mixture in a combustion chamber is fired by compression ignition in a part-load range under warm-running conditions, includes an EGR controller incorporating a valve operation controller for controlling internal EGR of hot burned gas and a cold EGR controller for controlling external EGR of cold burned gas. The EGR controller performs EGR control operation to leave the hot EGR gas in the combustion chamber in a lower-load, lower-speed region within a compression ignition combustion range and to introduce the cold EGR gas into the combustion chamber in a higher-load, higher-speed region within the compression ignition combustion range. The control device further includes a firing assist unit for inducing the compression ignition at least when ignitability of the mixture decreases due to introduction of the cold EGR gas in the compression ignition combustion range.

A method is provided for control of transition between combustion modes of a direct-injection engine operable in a homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) mode at lower loads and a spark ignition flame propagation (SI) mode at higher loads. The engine includes a variable valve actuation system including two-step high and low lift valve actuation and separate cam phasing for both intake and exhaust valves. The method includes operating the engine at steady state, with fuel-air-exhaust gas mixtures at predetermined conditions, for each speed and load, and controlling the engine during mode changes between the HCCI mode and the SI mode by switching the exhaust and intake valves between low lift for HCCI operation and high lift for SI operation. High load may be an SI throttled mode with an intermediate unthrottled mode (SI/NTLC} in which transition between HCCI and SI/NTLC modes requires switching only the exhaust valve lift and transition between SI/NTLC and SI throttled modes requires switching only the intake valve lift, with predetermined phase adjustments in the valve timing phasing.

This invention relates to an elasticated materials comprising a stiff carrier material that is satisfactorily elasticated with one or more elastic strands with a low load force, due to the use of a specific bonding pattern, with specific bonding areas. The bonding areas are typically separate bonding areas positioned on separate intervals along the length direction of the carrier material, whereby each bonding area comprises one or more separate bonding zones, extending in the width (X) direction. The invention also relates to absorbent articles comprising this elasticated material and processes for making the elasticated material.

The invention provides low temperature NO₂ trap compositions useful for adsorbing NO₂ from a gas stream at lower temperatures, and releasing the NO₂ at higher temperatures. The low temperature trap compositions are useful for incorporation into a diesel exhaust system equipped with a soot filter. The NO₂ from the diesel exhaust can be stored when the exhaust temperature is cool, e.g., during startup and at times of low load, and released when the exhaust is at higher temperatures. The released NO₂ serves as an effective oxidant for the combustion of soot deposited on the soot filter. These temperatures are significantly lower than those required for the combustion of soot using O₂ as an oxidant. The methods of the invention thereby provide a method for regenerating the soot filter within operating temperature ranges typical of diesel engine exhaust systems.

A USB device for performing communications with a second device through a USB interface while supplying electric power to the second device through a power-source supplying line in the USB interface. The USB device includes a communication unit for communicating with the second device, a power source capable of outputting electric power of a voltage being different from a standard power voltage prescribed in the standards of the USB interface. The power source supplies the electric power to the second device through the power-source supplying line. The second device includes a low load unit and a high load unit The power source supplies the electric power having a power voltage higher than the standard power voltage to the high load unit through the power-source supplying line.

The present invention is a compression ignition internal combustion engine and method of operation which expands the load limit of quietly operating a premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) engine by injecting a secondary fuel B, in ratios lean of stoichiometric, either into the intake air stream or directly into the cylinder to form a homogeneous fuel B and air mixture. Near top dead center of the compression stroke, a PCCI-type direct injection of fuel A event is used to initiate combustion of both fuel A and B at the proper time. At low loads the combustion mode is characterized a PCCI-type with high EGR rates. At medium loads the combustion mode is that of homogeneous combustion of fuel B coupled with PCCI combustion of fuel A. At the highest loads the engine will revert to a conventional diesel combustion mode of fuel A to maintain power density.

In the case where there is a conflict over a band between communication stations that have reserved the band, the communication stations mediate and avoid the conflict of reservation use with low-load processing. In a wireless communication system, band reservation use is permitted, and a plurality of reservation types are provided according to priority of communication. A communication station that performs reservation use describes a reservation type and a rock-paper-scissors value in a beacon. When there occurs a conflict of reservation use at some area, reservation use having higher priority remains, and a communication station that has performed reservation use having a lower priority moves it to another area. In the case where there is a conflict between reservations having the same priority, the communication apparatuses that have performed reservation use perform control by rock-paper-scissors between themselves, and move the reservation of the apparatus that has lost by the judgment.

Implantable medical leads assemblies that are flexible and extensible in a controllable manner with a substantially two-dimensional profile to fit between adjacent tissue layers and to facilitate subject body movements. In particular, implantable medical leads advantageously are able to permit and withstand multiple degree of freedom that are useful for use in the neck region of a subject body and other regions of any subject's body that may benefit from increased flexibility and extensibility. Preferably, features of medical leads are utilized to permit extensibility and are based upon the provision of shaped features that controllably permit lead extension under low load, but that maintain a desired shape under no load. The shaped lead portions provide extensibility to the lead as the shapes elastically deform under load.

A music editing apparatus is provided that uses so-called time line meta data that describe a beat and melody structure of a song to automatically accomplishes an automatic DJ remix play with a low load. The apparatus also includes a synchronous reproduction controlling section which sends a master beat to the remix processing section and reproduces a plurality of songs corresponding to a remix process which the remix processing section designates corresponding to a remix pattern and the meta data and a mixing section which mixes the songs reproduced by the synchronous reproduction controlling section. The synchronous reproduction controlling section also includes a phase comparator which compares a phase of a beat synchronous signal generated from the meta data supplied from the remix processing section with that of the master beat signal; an integrating circuit which integrates a phase compared output of the phase comparator; and a correcting section which corrects a tempo based on an integrated output of the integrating circuit.

A collapsible steering column assembly preferably has a collapsible steering shaft that extends rotatably along a centerline and a collapsible column that houses and co-extends with the shaft. The column preferably has inner and outer jackets that retract axially to collapse the column. An energy absorbing device has a member engaged between the inner and outer jackets and controls the collapse of the column generally via a high load stage and a low load stage of operation. The member is preferably elongated axially having a distal end that is looped over and spaced radially outward from the remainder of the member. The distal end is attached disengagably to the outer jacket via a pin received in a hole in the distal end and a fuse engaged operably to the pin and attached to the outer jacket.

In a load balancer and a load balancing method, if load on a server becomes higher and the server enters a high-load state, processing is transferred from the server to a second server. In a load balancer, for user terminals registered to SIP servers, a server as a register request destination is dynamically changed according to load on the user terminals, which makes it possible to transfer the processing to a low-load SIP server.

The embodiment of the invention discloses clustering method and device, routing method and device of a cluster head and a base station, belonging to the technical field of wireless sensor networks. The clustering method comprises the steps of: carrying out logic region division on a target region and determining a region ID of the target region; selecting one agent node in each region, wherein a node in an agent node notification region is used as an agent; sending node state information by the node in an agent node receiving region; and selecting one node in the region by the agent node according to the information as the cluster head, wherein the region becomes one cluster. The routing method comprises the steps of: selecting one base station in which a link has lower load when transmitting data from two base stations; determining the gradient of the cluster head according to the region ID in the cluster to transmit the data to the selected base station along the diminishing direction of gradient; selecting N cluster heads with gradient less than that of a source cluster head as a next hop cluster head to transmit the data along the direction of the selected base station by the source cluster head; and selecting N cluster heads with gradient less than that of a middle hop cluster head as a next ho cluster head to transmit the data along the direction of the selected base by the middle hop cluster head.

On the premise that a target torque of an engine is equal to 0, that observed catalyst temperature is in a specified temperature range causing deterioration of the catalyst, and that the engine runs idle without a fuel cut regardless of fulfillment of preset fuel cut conditions, the control procedure of the invention determines whether a predetermined engine stop condition is fulfilled (step S300). Upon fulfillment of the predetermined engine stop condition, the control procedure subsequently determines whether a high load is applied to an exhaust catalyst (step S320). The engine runs idle (step S310) when a high load is applied to the exhaust catalyst. The relatively low-temperature exhaust gas from the engine in the idling state forcibly cools down the exhaust catalyst. This prevents the exhaust catalyst from being kept at high temperature. When a low load is applied to the exhaust catalyst at step S320, on the other hand, the engine is stopped (step S330). The stop of the engine cuts off the air flow through the exhaust catalyst. The exhaust catalyst is thus not exposed to the lean exhaust atmosphere and does not significantly deteriorate even at high temperature.

The invention relates to an energy-saving strategy under multi-cell overlapping and covering, comprising the steps of: in a communication system, when in idle communication, firstly switching a part of users in microcells with lower loads into neighbor microcells and macrocells which have an overlapped part with the covering range of the microcells with lower loads, and adopting the remaining resources of the neighbor microcells and the macrocells are utilized to accept all the users of the microcells with lower loads, so that the microcells are closed. The method has the beneficial effects that as the macrocells do not have enough resources to accept all the users of the microcells to be switched, so that the microcells can not be closed and the energy of the system can not be saved. In the energy-saving strategy under multi-cell overlapping and covering, not only are the remaining resources of the neighbor microcells considered, but also all the users of the microcells to be closed can be accepted furthest, so that the microcells can be closed and the energy of the system can be saved.

A fuel cell system comprising a fuel cell stack, a fuel recirculation line provided with a jet pump and a valve controlled by a control unit based on the anode-cathode pressure differential such that the valve is closed to reduce or stop fuel supply when the anode-cathode pressure differential reaches a predetermined value, and opened again to circulate more fuel through the jet pump when the pressure differential is below a predetermined value, to create a pulsed fuel supply that improves the fuel recirculation at low loads and ensures adequate water removal from the anode flow field channels.

A fuel cell includes a stack of unit cells, each including: a hydrogen-ion conductive polymer electrolyte membrane; an anode and a cathode sandwiching the polymer electrolyte membrane; an anode-side conductive separator plate having a gas flow path for supplying and discharging a fuel gas to and from the anode; and a cathode-side conductive separator plate having a gas flow path for supplying and discharging an oxidant gas to and from the cathode. At least one of the anode-side and cathode-side separator plates has, in one face thereof, a plurality of independent gas flow channels, which constitute the gas flow path. When the fuel cell is operated at low load, the fuel gas or the oxidant gas is supplied to one or more of the plurality of independent gas flow channels, so that the fuel cell is capable of securing sufficient gas velocity.

The present invention discloses an Up-flow Multi-stage Anaerobic Reactor (UMAR) used for treatment of medium/high concentration organic wastewater. The stated UMAR with forced internal circulation, improved phase separator and added sludge inlet overcomes the disadvantages of a lower load, a longer hydraulic retention time and a larger dimension in traditional anaerobic reactors. The forced internal circulation increases capacity and cycles of internal circulation thus increased efficiency of contaminant removal. The fast jetting is avoided and efficiency of gas/liquid separation is increased by an improved bending outlet of up flow pipe. The simplified sludge addition and usage are obtained by a sludge inlet. The load of UMAR in this invention can reach about 30 kgCOD/(m³d) for treatment of medium/high concentration of organic wastewater from pulp and paper process and similar wastewater, being about four times of load and capacity of traditional Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Bed (UASB) reactors.

The invention discloses a Brazilian split method for measuring an elastic parameter of a rock under an extension condition, which comprises the steps of: A. horizontally putting a machined disc-shaped sample between the load bearing plates of a press machine by using a Brazilian disc split method, placing a hard steel wire respectively between the upper load bearing plate and the sample and between the lower load bearing plate and the sample, arranging a filler strip perpendicular to the symmetrical surfaces of the sample, and applying pressure on the upper load bearing plate and the lower load bearing plate to make the sample generate tension perpendicular to the action directions of an upper load and a lower load; B. carrying out analysis by using the Hooke's law in classical elasticity mechanics by combining specific conditions of the Brazilian split method; C. analyzing the stress condition of the rock and the measurement principle in the Brazilian disc split method; and D. obtaining the strain in the stress direction according to the Hooke's law from the stress condition sigma3=0, measuring epsilon1 and epsilon2, obtaining the elastic parameter of the rock sample, and arranging a strain gauge in the center position of the rock sample for measurement of epsilon1 and epsilon2. The method has the advantages of easiness for operation and use, clear principle, low material consumption, and the like. The method is suitable for wide popularization and application.

The system of the present invention includes a number of dynamic peers DP between which content items are exchanged, and a center server CS for controlling the exchange of content items. Each dynamic peer DP sends the operation status thereof to the center server CS, and the center server CS calculates and registers the load on the dynamic peer DP based on the operation status. Each dynamic peer DP obtains a content list from the center server CS, searches for other dynamic peers DP having the desired content item stored therein, and downloads the content item from one of the dynamic peers DP with the lowest load. The system further includes a static peer SP for uploading, to the dynamic peers DP, new content items that have not yet been circulating among the dynamic peers DP. Thus, content items originate from the static peer SP, and are then exchanged between the dynamic peers DP.

A DC-DC converter to convert DC power input from an external source into a predetermined DC power required for an electric load. A switch part in which each of a pair of switches that cuts or supplies the input DC power is connected in parallel with at least one other switch. A current sensor senses a load current flowing through the electric load and a controller controls the switch part to enable a number of the switches according to an intensity of the load current sensed by the current sensor. The enabled switches are driven by a PWM signal to cut or supply the input DC power to the load. By changing the number of enabled switches, unnecessary switching is prevented for lower load currents.

A control apparatus/method curbs the degradation of emission gas, for a vehicular driving apparatus including an engine and a second driving power source that assists the engine in the output of driving power. Torque assist is executed by a hybrid controller through the use of a first motor-generator and/or the second motor-generator so that the EGR rate achieved by an EGR device becomes greater than or equal to an EGR rate threshold value (first EGR rate) determined on the basis of the load state of an engine. Therefore, it becomes possible to put the engine in a low load state where the EGR rate, which decreases as the engine shifts to higher load states, is greater than or equal to the EGR rate threshold value.

In accordance with the present invention, a switching converter includes two transistors Q1 and Q2 parallel-connected between two terminals. Transistor Q1 is optimized to reduce the dynamic loss and transistor Q2 is optimized to reduce the conduction loss. Q1 and Q2 are configured and operated such that the dynamic loss of the converter is dictated substantially by Q1 and the conduction loss of the converter is dictated substantially by Q2. Thus, the tradeoff between these two types of losses present in conventional techniques is eliminated, allowing the dynamic and conduction losses to be independently reduced. Further, the particular configuration and manner of operation of Q1 and Q2 enable reduction of the gate capacitance switching loss when operating under low load current conditions.

A series of combustion forms including initial low-temperature combustion, premixed combustion, and diffusive combustion are performed when an engine operates under a low load and a medium load. The initial low-temperature combustion is carried out by performing a small-amount injection while performing an operation for lowering the encounter rate between oxygen and a fuel spray in a cylinder, and thereby the heat generation rate is kept low and the amount of NOx generated is suppressed. The premixed combustion is carried out as fuel receives heat in the initial low-temperature combustion, and the amount of smoke generated is suppressed. The diffusive combustion is accomplished as fuel travels through the combustion field of the premixed combustion, and by controlling the fuel injection timing thereof, it is possible to suitably control the timing at which the heat generation rate reaches its maximum in the aforementioned series of combustion. Thereby, it is possible to concurrently suppress the amount of NOx generated, suppress the amount of smoke generated, and secure the required torque.

The invention discloses a correction method for optimization of sliding pressure of a large steam turbine generator set of a power plant. The current research on optimization of the sliding pressure of the large steam turbine generator set operating under the low load to ensure that the generator set can operate with excellent performance under the sliding pressure during the low-load operation has great significance in improvement of the operating efficiency of the generator set. The correction method is characterized in that correction factors are adopted to correct the sliding pressure control curve of the generator set, that is, the relevance relation of the load of the generator set, the main steam pressure and the opening of the high-pressure regulating valve is expressed as Cn*Ng varies as Cp*P0*Cv. Since the specific correction factors are introduced for control elements, the load of the generator set and the main steam pressure of the control curve of the generator set under the sliding pressure in the sliding pressure deviation factor correction method, the invention ensures that the steam turbine generator is in the mode of operating under the best sliding pressure, andcan maintain the high operating efficiency of the generator set all the time.

The invention discloses a bimetal methanation catalyst for the removal of micro carbon monoxide from a hydrogen-rich gas and a preparation method thereof. The bimetal methanation catalyst contains active components, namely nickel oxide and ferric oxide, loaded on an oxide carrier and an assistant, wherein the assistant is at least one element selected from the main group I, the main group II, the subgroup I, the subgroup III, the subgroup VI and the subgroup VIII of the periodic table, and the oxide carrier is alumina, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide and silicon dioxide or a mixture thereof. The catalyst of the invention can allow the micro carbon monoxide to be removed from the hydrogen-rich gas at a relatively low temperature and has the advantages of low load, high activity, relatively low cost and wide application prospect.

An engine (10, 100) utilizes “regular EGR cooling” when operating in HCCI mode within a low load range and “enhanced EGR cooling” that allows the engine to continue to operate in HCCI mode when engine load increases beyond the low load range. When engine load increases to a high load range, the combustion mode changes over to conventional diesel combustion, and exhaust gas recirculation reverts to “regular EGR cooling”. In a first embodiment, cooling is provided by two heat exchangers, one being a regular EGR cooler always used when cooling is needed and the other, an enhancing EGR cooler that is selectively used. In a second embodiment, cooling is also provided by two heat exchangers, one being an EGR cooler through which liquid coolant always flows when cooling is needed, and the other being a radiator used selectively to cool the liquid coolant before it enters the EGR cooler.