27 results about "Stoichiometry" patented technology

A system and method for optimizing combustion in boiler. The optimization of the combustion in the boiler involves obtaining various data relating to the flow of fuel and air to burners of the boiler and the flame in the burner zone of the boiler that is generated from the introduction of the fuel and air into the burner zone. The data is used to determine air flows to the burners. The data and air flows are used to balance air and fuel at individual burners by manipulating air to match the fuel flow. The balancing of air and fuel at individual burners by manipulating air to match the fuel flow uses a guided search optimization algorithm that mixes stoichiometry determinations with a custom search algorithm that accounts for measurement inaccuracies and unexpected interactions between burners.

A 2-bromoacrylamide assisted cyclization sequencing (BACS) method allows quantitative profiling of pseudouridine (psi) at single base resolution. Based on bromoacrylamide cyclization chemistry, BACS induces psi-to-C mutations during reverse transcription (RT) instead of truncation or deletion of features, thus providing higher resolution and enabling more accurate quantification of psi stoichiometry compared to CMC and BS based methods. The BACS of the invention allows for precise identification of psi positions, in particular in densely modified psi regions and continuous uridine sequences, compared to known methods. Accordingly, methods, compositions, and kits for detecting psi are possible. In the case of RNA molecules, this allows psi to be detected and sequenced in such sequences.

A method for large-scale synthesis of calcium lanthanum sulfide (CLS) powders and the resulting optical-grade materials are disclosed. The CLS powders, including compositions such as CaLa2S4, CaLa2.0-2.7S4.0-5.05, and CaLa18S28, are produced via an aqueous combustion process utilizing lanthanum nitrate, calcium nitrate, and thioacetamide as a sulfur donor. The exothermic combustion step generates localized high temperatures, forming nanostructured CLS powders with uniform stoichiometry and phase purity without the need for prolonged calcination. The powders exhibit excellent sinterability and can be consolidated by hot isostatic pressing into windows, domes, and lenses with infrared transmittance exceeding 50% in the 8-14 μm range and high mechanical strength. The process is scalable, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly, enabling cost-effective production of infrared optical components for missile and defense applications.

The invention discloses a device and a method for analyzing, tracing and calibrating a natural gas detection pipe. The method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing a quantitative detection pipe indicator which can be subjected to color change reaction with a component to be detected with a carrier; (2) the carrier is divided into n parts, n detection tubes are filled with the carrier, the indicator in each detection tube is m / n (mol), the stoichiometric coefficient of the indicator of a to-be-detected component is k, and the to-be-detected component consumed by full and complete reaction with the indicator is km / n (mol); (3) determining the ratio r of the color change length in the detection tube to the total filling length of the detection tube carrier, wherein the molar weight of the corresponding calibration target component to be detected is rkm / n (mol); and (4) measuring the natural gas sample size v (L), and detecting the concentration rkm / nv (mol / L) of the component to be measured. According to the invention, a mode of performing stoichiometry on the indicator which is subjected to color change reaction with the to-be-detected component is adopted, and calibration by adopting standard gas is not needed during measurement, so that the problems that the traceability uncertainty is high when the standard gas is adopted for calibration and the accuracy is poor when a detection tube is influenced by temperature, pressure and manual operation can be avoided.

The application discloses a nitrogen and phosphorus synergic management method of river-estuary continuum, and belongs to the technical field of ecological management, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, using the coastal eutrophication potential index to diagnose the key nutrient elements affecting the stoichiometry of nutrient salts and flux; S2, determining the ecological threshold values of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, dissolved inorganic nitrogen and dissolved inorganic phosphorus in different zones of the estuary according to the relationship between the nutrient concentration and the ecological response index; S3, comprehensively diagnosing the eutrophication risk based on the coastal eutrophication potential index and the ecological threshold value, and judging whether to select the basin management or the estuary management; S4, identifying the key source area of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution which substantially limits the water quality target of the downstream under the water function zoning and the environmental capacity limitation; and S5, putting forward the nitrogen and phosphorus synergic management strategy based on the cost-benefit analysis; the application realizes the whole-chain nitrogen and phosphorus synergic management and control of land-sea overall planning, zoning refinement, accurate tracing, and economic efficiency, and is popularized and applied to the comprehensive treatment of eutrophication of river-estuary continuum.

This disclosure provides a method for determining the critical moment and thermodynamic state parameters of a chemical reaction containing a gaseous component. The method for determining the critical moment of a chemical reaction containing a gaseous component includes determining a first stoichiometric coefficient and a first mass change of a first substance in the chemical reaction, and a second stoichiometric coefficient and a second mass change of a second substance. Both the first and second substances include at least one of the following: a gaseous component in the chemical reaction, a solid component in the chemical reaction, and a liquid component in the chemical reaction; determining a first reaction execution rate based on the first mass change and the first stoichiometric coefficient; determining a second reaction execution rate based on the second mass change and the second stoichiometric coefficient; obtaining a stoichiometric window function to characterize the critical moment of the chemical reaction containing a gaseous component based on the first and second reaction execution rates; and determining the critical moment of the above reaction based on the stoichiometric window function.

A vacuum insulating panel includes first and second substrates (e.g., glass substrates), a hermetic edge seal, a pump-out port, and spacers sandwiched between at least the two substrates. The gap between the substrates may be at a pressure less than atmospheric pressure to provide insulating properties. The vacuum insulating panel may include a multi-layer edge seal structure, including at least one layer including boron oxide (e.g., B2O3 or any other stoichiometry).

This invention discloses a method and application for synergistic modification of sulfide electrolytes through doping and coating. The technical solution includes: step (1), mixing LiCl, P2S5, Li2S, and LiX according to Li 6‑a PS 5‑ a Cl 1+a‑b X b After weighing according to stoichiometry, ball milling is performed, where 0 < a < 0.8, 0 < b < 0.5, and X is one or more of F (fluorine), Br (bromine), and I (iodine); Step (2): After pressing the raw material obtained in step (1) into tablets, it is sealed in a sintering container and subjected to a first-stage high-temperature sintering at 450~600℃ for 1~15 h to form an F, Br, or I doped modified sulfide electrolyte; Step (3): After adding 0~20% by mass of one or more of AlCl3, NbCl5, and BiCl3 to the electrolyte obtained after sintering in step (2), ball milling is performed; Step (4): After pressing the raw material obtained in step (3) into tablets, it is sealed in a sintering container and subjected to a second-stage low-temperature sintering at 200~450℃ for 1~8 h, utilizing the low melting point characteristics of the surface coating compounds AlCl3, NbCl5, and BiCl3, to achieve Li 6‑a PS 5‑a Cl 1+a Synergistic modification of electrolyte bulk phase doping and surface coating.

One example of a method includes a step of loading a model associated with a first organism. The method further comprises a step of defining a molar relationship, wherein the molar relationship comprises stoichiometry between the one or more intermediate metabolites and the target substance; a step for defining, on the basis of the molar relationship and one or more reaction pathways from the plurality of reaction pathways, a coefficient based on a first ratio establishing a relationship between the production rate of the target substance and the consumption rate of the consumed substance; a step for performing a first bi-clustering operation to group two or more reaction pathways from among a plurality of reaction pathways associated with the target substance; and a step for optimizing a coefficient based on the first ratio by applying one or more constraints to the production of the target substance on the basis of the first biclustering operation.

The invention discloses an Nb-doped N-type bismuth-antimony alloy ultralow-temperature thermoelectric material and a preparation method, and belongs to the technical field of thermoelectric materials, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: taking Bi block, Sb block and Nb block materials as initial raw materials, weighing the raw materials according to the element stoichiometry of Bi85Sb15-xNbx, and putting the raw materials into a graphite crucible, x = 0.5-1.5; putting the graphite crucible into a high-frequency smelting furnace, vacuumizing, and starting smelting under the protection of inert gas; carrying out ball milling on the smelted alloy in an argon atmosphere; filling the ground powder into a hot pressing mold, and carrying out hot pressing in a vacuum environment; and annealing the hot-pressed material ingot in a tubular furnace to obtain the Nb-doped N-type bismuth-antimony alloy ultralow-temperature thermoelectric material. The maximum ZT value of the Bi85Sb15-xNbx alloy prepared through the method reaches 0.477 at the temperature of-123 DEG C, meanwhile, composition segregation can be effectively restrained through the method, and the uniformity of material compositions is improved.

The invention discloses an activation analysis-based on-line detection method for the quality of coal per ton, and relates to the technical field of quality detection. Comprising the following steps executed in sequence: step 1, constructing a mixed gamma-ray energy spectrum data stream and generating an original mixed gamma-ray energy spectrum vector; 2, performing spectral line iteration stripping analysis based on non-negative physical constraint on the original mixed gamma-ray spectrum vector, and outputting a final total abundance count value; 3, executing all-element stoichiometry and industrial index conversion based on the final total abundance count value, and obtaining an ash content yield index, a total sulfur content index and a low calorific value index; and 4, on the basis of the ash content yield index, the total sulfur content index and the low calorific value index, executing the ton coal net profit dynamic settlement based on the actual measurement index, obtaining the real-time ton coal net profit, and generating a coal flow separation diversion instruction according to the real-time ton coal net profit. The real-time performance, the accuracy and the overall economic benefit of coal flow online management are remarkably improved.

The application relates to the field of proton ceramic fuel cells, and provides a high-performance proton ceramic fuel cell heterogeneous structure cathode material and a preparation method thereof. 2‑ x Zr x O 5+δ , wherein Ln=La, Pr, Sm, Gd or Eu, 0.04<=x<=0.5, and delta is the non-stoichiometry of oxygen. The cathode material provided by the application comprises: a substrate (Ln 1 / (2‑x) Ba (1‑x) / (2‑x) )2Co2O 5+δ and BaZrO3 nanoparticles precipitated and anchored on the surface of the substrate. The material LnBaCo2O 5+δ is doped with element Zr at the B site, so that the BaZrO3 nanoparticles are in-situ desolvated and anchored on the surface of the substrate in a high-temperature oxidizing atmosphere, forming an ion-electron mixed conductor and a proton conductor heterogeneous structure, which makes the nano-composite cathode material have a triple electric conduction (oxygen ion-proton-electron) reaction region, also has good oxygen reduction catalytic activity, excellent chemical and structural stability, and is a universal method for preparing excellent proton ceramic fuel cell cathode materials.

The invention discloses a novel wheat breeding method and a product thereof, and relates to the technical field of modern agricultural seeds. The invention provides a non-transgenic and chemically oriented seed treatment technology for the first time, directly aims at and aims at optimizing the core nutritional quality (protein) of wheat, and breaks through the bottleneck of traditional breeding in quality improvement; extrinsic potential protein optimization is creatively associated with intrinsic potential protein optimization. As a stable and easy-to-detect biomarker, the black green leaf provides an industrialized rapid judgment basis for'possible optimization of protein properties'; the whole process is based on accurate stoichiometry, pH control and temperature management, the result is stable and repeatable, and qualitative change from random mutagenesis to directional chemical induction is realized; the obtained seeds not only can be used as unique high-quality germplasm resources, but also can be directly used as special commercial food or food processing raw materials with high protein potential, and the commercial value is clear.

The invention discloses a tin telluride-based thermoelectric material with low lattice thermal conductivity and a preparation method thereof, the tin telluride-based thermoelectric material with low lattice thermal conductivity has a chemical formula of Sn < 0.88 > Sb < 0.04 > Mn < 0.08 > Ge < 0.05 > Te-x% Cu < 2 > Te, and x < = 7. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing raw materials Sn, Te, Sb, Mn, Ge and Cu according to stoichiometry; the raw materials are transferred into a quartz tube after being mixed, vacuumized and sealed by oxyhydrogen flame; heating a quartz tube filled with the mixture, carrying out a melting reaction, and quenching in water after the reaction is finished to obtain a SnTe cast ingot; the SnTe cast ingot is ground into powder, the powder is put into a mold to be sintered, and the tin telluride-based thermoelectric material with the low lattice thermal conductivity is obtained. Non-toxic raw materials are adopted, the environmental protection property of the tin telluride-based thermoelectric material is guaranteed, meanwhile, a nano core-shell structure is formed in tin telluride through multi-element regulation and control doping and a proper process, and phonon scattering is greatly enhanced.

A material synthesis method may comprise: obtaining at least one liquid precursor solution comprising one or more solutes determined based on atomic stoichiometry of target particles; adding the at least one liquid precursor solution to an atomizer device; generating at the atomizer device an aerosol; transporting the aerosol to a reactive zone of a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time; and obtaining synthesized particles by evaporating one or more solvents from the aerosol in the reactive zone.

The invention relates to the technical field of enterprise digital management and intelligent decision making, in particular to an administrative process management system based on a supply chain. The system comprises a dynamic mapping module, a flux constraint solving module, a shadow price analysis module and an adaptive routing control module. The system constructs a dynamic stoichiometric matrix by collecting supply and demand data; the core of the method is that administrative nodes and resources are mapped into enzyme and substrate variables in a biochemical reaction, a flux balance equation is solved by using linear programming to obtain an optimal flux, and a shadow price for quantifying congestion cost is calculated based on a duality principle; when the shadow price triggers a threshold value, the system adaptively generates a bypass metabolism or standard queuing instruction; according to the method, the BPM and the SCM are unified on the mathematical model level, and cross-domain process collaboration and optimal configuration based on global cost minimization are realized.

This invention discloses an SCR ammonia injection control method and system. First, a PLS regression is constructed by collecting signals such as inlet / outlet NOx, flue gas volume, temperature, oxygen content, and ammonia flow rate. The regression coefficients are then used as state variables and updated online adaptively by Kalman filtering. Next, the ammonia injection quantity is calculated using SCR stoichiometry as feedforward, and model-based feedback correction and inlet NOx slope disturbance feedforward are introduced. Combined with operating condition fluctuation detection, valve smoothing, and amplitude limiting, ammonia injection valve commands are generated, achieving stable control of outlet NOx near a narrow-band setpoint, reducing ammonia consumption and valve adjustment frequency.

The invention is applicable to the technical field of food quality analysis and machine learning, and provides a pyrazine fingerprint coupled stoichiometry and machine learning coffee origin tracing method, which sequentially comprises the following steps: pretreating coffee samples from different origins, and collecting chromatographic data of pyrazine compounds by adopting high performance liquid chromatography; establishing a fingerprint spectrum and carrying out similarity analysis; carrying out preliminary identification by utilizing a chemometrics method, exploring sample differences through clustering analysis and principal component analysis, and screening out five key chromatographic peaks with variable importance projection values greater than 1 based on an orthogonal partial least square method; and finally, by taking the key chromatographic peak data as input, constructing a coffee producing area classification model by utilizing a machine learning algorithm to realize accurate identification of the to-be-detected coffee producing area. Therefore, the defects of the traditional method in the aspects of accuracy and intelligence are overcome, and reliable technical support is provided for coffee quality control and origin traceability.

The invention relates to the technical field of electrolyte materials, in particular to an Mg, O and Br three-element co-doped Li-(Y / Zr)-Cl-S series solid electrolyte material as well as preparation and application thereof, the Mg, O and Br three-element co-doped Li-(Y / Zr)-Cl-S series solid electrolyte material is of an amorphous or microcrystalline structure, and the Mg, O and Br three-element co-doped Li-(Y / Zr)-Cl-S series solid electrolyte material is of an amorphous or microcrystalline structure. The general formula of the chemical composition is as follows: Lia-2kMgk (YxZr1-x) bSd-zOzClc-yBry, wherein 0 lt, 0 lt, 0 lt, 0 lt, 0 lt, 0 lt, 0 lt and 0 lt; xlt; 1; a, b, c and d are stoichiometric numbers enabling charge balance of the base material, k is the doping amount of Mg, and Mg replaces part of Li < + > in the form of Mg < 2 + >; z is the doping amount of O, and O replaces part of S < 2-> in the form of O < 2->; y is the doping amount of Br, and Br replaces part of Cl <-> in the form of Br <->. Compared with an undoped Li-Y / Zr-Cl-S matrix, the electrolyte material subjected to ternary co-doping modification of Mg, O and Br has remarkable advantages in the three aspects of ionic conductivity, interface stability and environmental stability.

The present invention concerns a process for the sorption-enhanced synthesis of dimethyl ether (DME) from a feedstock comprising sub-stoichiometric amounts of H2, which was found to reduce the formation of the undesirable by-product MeOH. The feedstock comprises H2 and COx, wherein x in the range of 1.0 – 2.0 and the stoichiometry factor M in the range of 0.05 – 1.7, wherein M is defined as: M = [H2] – [CO2] [CO] + [CO2] The process of the invention includes a step (a) wherein the feedstock is subjected to separation- enhanced DME synthesis by contacting it with one or more catalysts together capable of converting synthesis gas to DME, to obtain a product mixture comprising DME.

The invention belongs to the technical field of perovskite film or crystal growth, and particularly relates to a chemical potential and thermodynamic coordinated regulation method for realizing on-demand controllable preparation of a perovskite phase and a non-perovskite phase. Fixing the main stoichiometric ratio of A-site cations and B-site cations of perovskite, and regulating and controlling the composition and content of two phase components of a precursor solution at normal temperature by adjusting the content of halogen acid as a thermodynamic perturbing agent; thermodynamic induction parameters, namely temperature T and time t, are adopted to synergistically induce phase transformation; separating the obtained precipitated phase particles from the solution, and drying at low temperature to obtain a perovskite main phase pure material and a non-perovskite second phase pure material; the problems that second-phase impurities are easily mixed in the preparation process of the perovskite main phase and second-phase by-products are difficult to prepare are solved at the same time. The pure material prepared by using the two-phase conversion process can be used for manufacturing a thin film or crystal perovskite detector, so that the defect density of the device is remarkably reduced, the non-radiative recombination is inhibited, the energy band structure is optimized, and the charge transport is promoted, thereby improving the performance of the device.

The invention relates to the field of ceramic powder preparation, in particular to a preparation method of multi-element oxide powder. The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a single-element precursor solution by using a magnetic stirrer; (2) uniformly mixing the single-element precursor solution to obtain a multi-element precursor solution; (3) heating and evaporating the solution to dryness under the assistance of oil bath to obtain a multi-component oxide powder precursor; and (4) performing high-temperature heat treatment on the multi-element oxide powder precursor to quickly synthesize the multi-element oxide powder with ideal stoichiometric ratio and uniform particle size distribution. According to the method, the multi-element precursor solution is obtained in a liquid phase environment, atomic-scale mixing can be realized, so that particles with small sizes and uniform particle size distribution are more favorably generated, a high-purity multi-element oxide powder precursor is quickly synthesized by combining a solvent evaporation way, and finally, the multi-element oxide powder is obtained through a high-temperature reaction; and the problem of deviation of stoichiometric ratio caused by the traditional solid phase, hydrothermal and other synthesis methods is solved.

The application discloses a kind of low dielectric ultra-low loss temperature stable LTCC materials and preparation method thereof, LTCC material chemical general formula is Li 3+x Mg 2‑x NbO 6‑x F x ,0.02≤x≤0.1, crystal phase is pure phase Li3Mg2NbO6.This ceramic material is by Li 3+x Mg 2‑x NbO 6‑x F x Chemical stoichiometry ratio is dosed, 0.02≤x≤0.1, after first ball milling mixing, pre-sintering 3~5 hours at 700~800 DEG C temperature, after second ball milling mixing, granulation, shaping is carried out, and sintering 3~5 hours at 820~900 DEG C temperature is made.The application simultaneously adopts anion / cation to Li3Mg2NbO6 crystal structure and carries out fine tuning, reduces sintering temperature, improves lattice energy and order degree, to improve the quality factor and temperature stability of ceramic material.

The application discloses a self-diverting acid viscosity equation establishment method for reservoir acidification numerical simulation, and steps are as follows: selecting a viscoelastic surfactant; based on the viscoelastic surfactant, adding CaCl2 and HCl solution with a proportion determined according to the stoichiometric number of HCl and CaCO3 reaction, and determining the viscosity of the mixed system; adding H + and Ca 2+ concentration into equivalent pH value C pH , fitting the change of the self-diverting acid viscosity with C pH into a linear combination of exponential function and error function, and establishing the self-diverting acid viscosity equation; listing the self-diverting acid acidification numerical simulation model; setting the model condition, and simulating the acidification effects of the conventional acid and the self-diverting acid. The self-diverting acid viscosity equation considers the synergistic effect of H + and Ca 2+ concentration on the viscosity, converts the binary influence of pH value and Ca 2+ into the unary influence of C pH , and when used for numerical simulation, the difference between the self-diverting acid and the conventional acid acidification effects can be accurately simulated.

A method for making a material of formula LixM1-zDzPO4, where M is one or more transition metals, D represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ti, Zn, B, Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge, Sc, Y, and rare earth elements, 0.8≤x≤1.2 and 0≤z≤0.2, the method comprising the steps of: a) forming a mixture comprising a source of the one or more transition metals, a source of phosphorus, a source of lithium and a surfactant, and optionally a source of D, wherein (i) a ratio of Li:PO4:(M+D) relative to the stoichiometry required to form the material is within the range of 1.04-1.10:1.00-1.05:1, or (ii) a ratio of (Li+PO4):(M+D) relative to the stoichiometry required to form the material is greater than 2.05; b) drying the mixture from step (a) to form particles or a powder; and c) thermally treating the particles or powder from step (b) to form the material.

The invention discloses an evaluation method for different grassland type soil microbial metabolism resource limitation and application, and belongs to the technical field of ecology. The evaluation method comprises the following steps: collecting soil samples of different grassland types, measuring the soil extracellular enzyme activity of the soil samples, and calculating the stoichiometric ratio of the soil extracellular enzyme; analyzing the correlation between the soil extracellular enzyme activity, the soil extracellular enzyme stoichiometric ratio and the soil physicochemical property; a soil enzyme stoichiometric vector analysis method is adopted to obtain a soil microbial nutrient utilization strategy; performing regression analysis on the stoichiometric ratio of the soil extracellular enzyme; constructing a random forest model; performing unary linear regression analysis on the first five core variables of the contribution degree; and constructing a partial least square path model. The evaluation method provided by the invention can accurately reveal the restriction difference rule of soil enzyme activity and microbial nutrients of different grassland types in Qilian Mountain, and provides a scientific basis for understanding a regional nutrient circulation mechanism and optimizing a grassland protection and management mode.

Disclosed is a catalyst mixture that includes a mixture of a metal oxide catalyst and an iron-based catalyst. The metal oxide catalyst has a chemical formula of Fe1MnaMbOx, wherein M is Ce or La, a is 0.1 to 0.5, b is 0.1 to 0.3, and x is chemical stoichiometry. The iron-based catalyst includes 70 mol % to 97 mol % of porous FeO(OH)c, wherein 1<c<2, and 3 mol % to 30 mol % of an alkaline metal compound loaded onto the porous FeO(OH)c.