6204 results about "Sulfide" patented technology

A vegetable oil hydroconversion process is described for hydroconverting a mixture between 1 to 75% in mass of oil or natural fat (1) and the rest mineral oil (2), hydroconverted in a reactor (205) under conditions of pressure, temperature, hydrogen (flow 119) and sulfide catalyst of Groups VIII and VIB, obtaining, after sour water separation (flow 111) and rectification (flow 112), a specified diesel product (4). The product (4) has an ITQ/DCN (cetane number) higher than a product obtained from a pure mineral based oil would have, lower density than from a base oil and a plugging point depending on the mineral oil flow, as well as greater oxidation stability than the base oil.

The present invention relates to a pre-passivation process for a continuous reforming apparatus prior to the reaction, or a passivation process for a continuous reforming apparatus during the initial reaction, comprising loading a reforming catalyst into the continuous reforming apparatus, starting the gas circulation and raising the temperature of a reactor, injecting sulfide into the gas at a reactor temperature ranging from 100-650° C., controlling the sulfur amount in the recycle gas within a range of 0.5-100×10⁻⁶ L/L so as to passivate the apparatus.

The process of the present invention may also comprise the following steps:

• • (1) loading a reforming catalyst into the continuous reforming apparatus, starting the gas circulation and raising the temperature of a reactor, feeding the reforming feedstock into the reaction system when the temperature of the reactor is increased to 300-460° C., introducing sulfide into the reaction system while or after the reforming feedstock is fed, controlling the ratio of the total sulfur amount introduced into the system to the reforming feedstock within the range of 0.5 μg/g-50 μg/g, reducing the content of sulfide introduced into the system when hydrogen sulfide concentration in the recycle gas reaches to 2.0 μL/L˜30 μL/L; and
  • (2) maintaining the reforming reactor at a temperature of 460-490° C., controlling the ratio of the total sulfur amount introduced into the system to the reforming feedstock within the range of 0.2 μg/g-0.5 μg/g, adjusting the amount of the reforming feedstock to the design value of the apparatus, increasing the reforming reaction temperature to 490-545° C. according to the requirements on the octane number of the liquid product, and letting the reforming apparatus run under normal operating conditions.

An all-solid lithium secondary battery has excellent reliability including safety. However, in general, its energy density or output density is lower than that achieved by liquid electrolyte systems.

The all-solid lithium battery includes a lithium ion-conducting solid electrolyte as an electrolyte. The lithium ion-conducting solid electrolyte is mainly composed of a sulfide, and the surface of a positive electrode active material is coated with a lithium ion-conducting oxide. The advantages of the present invention are particularly significant when the positive electrode active material exhibits a potential of 3 V or more during operation of the all-solid lithium battery, i.e., when redox reaction occurs at a potential of 3 V or more.

A zinc ion-exchanging battery device comprising: (A) a cathode comprising two cathode active materials (a zinc ion intercalation compound and a surface-mediating material); (B) an anode containing zinc metal or zinc alloy; (C) a porous separator disposed between the cathode and the anode; and (D) an electrolyte containing zinc ions that are exchanged between the cathode and the anode during battery charge/discharge. The zinc ion intercalation compound is selected from chemically treated carbon or graphite material having an expanded inter-graphene spacing d₀₀₂ of at least 0.5 nm, or an oxide, carbide, dichalcogenide, trichalcogenide, sulfide, selenide, or telluride of niobium, zirconium, molybdenum, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, titanium, vanadium, chromium, cobalt, manganese, iron, nickel, or a combination thereof. The surface-mediating material contains exfoliated graphite or multiple single-layer sheets or multi-layer platelets of a graphene material.

A process for leaching a value metal from a base metal sulfide ore, comprising the step of leaching the ore with a lixiviant comprising a chloride, an oxidant and hydrochloric acid is disclosed. The leaching is controlled, by use of low concentrations of hydrochloric acid and a redox potential, to effect formation of hydrogen sulfide from the base metal sulfide ore. The hydrogen sulfide is stripped from the leach solution, thereby reducing the amount of sulfate generated in the leach to very low levels. The leaching may also be conducted to limit the co-dissolution of platinum group metals and gold with the base value metals. The leach forms a value metal-rich leachate and a solids residue. The solids residue may be subsequently leached to recover the platinum group metals and gold. The value metal-rich leachate can be is oxidized and neutralized to recover the value base metals. In an embodiment, the chloride is magnesium chloride and lixiviant solution is regenerated.

A device and method for emitting output light of a desired color utilizes green-emitting Thiogallate phosphor material and red-emitting SrCaS:Eu phosphor material to convert some of the original light emitted from a light source of the device to a longer wavelength light in order to produce the desired output light. The green-emitting Thiogallate phosphor material includes at least one of CaGa₂S₄:Ce phosphor and BaGa₄S₇:Eu phosphor. The device and method can be used to produce white light or other mixed color light using the light source, which may be a blue-green light emitting diode (LED) die.

A method for synthesizing and producing natural gas by hydrogen of coal gas and its synthesizer are disclosed. The process is carried out by purifying tar, crude removing sulfur, ammonia, benzene and naphthalene, compressing to 0.5-5.0 MPa, removing sulfur impurities, supplementing carbon 5-20 wt%, and methanation reacting to obtain final product. It saves energy resources and has no environmental pollution.

A two-step chemical precipitation process involving hydroxide precipitation and sulfide precipitation combined with “field separation ” technology such as magnetic separation, dissolved air flotation, vortex separation, or expanded plastics flotation, effectively removes chelated and non-chelated heavy metal precipitates and other fine particles from water. In the first-step, the non-chelated heavy metals are precipitated as hydroxides and removed from the water by a conventional liquid/solids separator such as an inclined plate clarifier to remove a large percentage of the dissolved heavy metals. The cleaned water is then treated in a second precipitation step to remove the residual heavy metals to meet discharge limits. In the second precipitation step, any metal precipitant more effective than hydroxide for metal precipitation can be used. The invention improves metal removal, lowers cost because fewer chemicals are used, produces less sludge, and reduces the discharge of toxic metals and metal precipitants to the environment. Magnetic separation is preferred for the separation of particles precipitated in the second stage. Similar methods can be employed for separation of other particulates from water. Particulates can also be removed by causing them to adhere to particles of expanded plastic, forming a floc lighter than water, so that the floc can be removed by flotation.

The invention discloses lithium-enriched anti-perovskite sulfides and a solid electrolyte material. The general formula of the lithium-enriched anti-perovskite sulfides is (LimMn)3-xS1-y(XaYb)1-z, wherein m is more than 0 and less than or equal to 1, n is more than or equal to 0 and less than to 0.5, (m+n) is less than or equal to 1, a is more than 0 and less than or equal to 1, b is more than or equal to 0 and less than 1, (a+b) is less than or equal to 1, x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.5, y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.5, z is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.5 and x=2y+z; M is H, Na, K, Rb, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Y, La, Ti, Zr, Zn, B, Al, Ga, In, C, Si, Ge, P, S or Se; and X is Fe, Cl, Br or I, and Y is a negative ion. The solid electrolyte material has high ion conductivity and thermal stability and a wide working temperature range, and can be applied to lithium ion batteries, rechargeable metal lithium batteries, lithium liquid flow batteries or lithium ion capacitors.

An electrode includes an electrically conductive matrix containing a disulfide group, wherein an S-S bond of the disulfide group is cleaved by electrochemical reduction and reformed by electrochemical oxidation. A plurality of carbon nanotubes is dispersed in the electrically conductive matrix. The electrode can be used as a cathode of a lithium battery.

The invention discloses a passivating agent for governing heavy metal contaminated soil and a preparation and use method of the passivating agent. The passivating agent comprises, in weight percent, 30%-50% of clay minerals, 10%-20% of phosphate, 10%-15% of reducing agents, 10%-15% of sulfide and 15%-20% of alkaline substances. The preparation method includes a step: mixing the clay minerals, the phosphate, the reducing agents, the sulfide and the alkaline substances to mix to obtain the passivating agent. The use method includes the steps: firstly, crushing the heavy metal contaminated soil; secondly, adding the passivating agent into the crushed heavy metal contaminated soil; thirdly, adding water into the crushed heavy metal contaminated soil added the passivating agent to uniformly mix, maintaining the uniformly mixed soil on site, and enabling the passivating agent and heavy metal in the soil to sufficiently react. The passivating agent can effectively meet the urgent requirements of current Chinese heavy metal contaminated soil for high stability, no secondary pollution, durable and stable effect and low cost.

A two-step chemical precipitation process involving hydroxide precipitation and sulfide precipitation combined with “field separation” technology such as magnetic separation, dissolved air flotation, vortex separation or expanded plastics flotation, effectively removes chelated and non-chelated heavy metal precipitates and other fine particles from water. In the first-step, the non-chelated heavy metals are precipitated as hydroxides and removed from the water by a conventional liquid/solids separator such as an inclined plate clarifier to remove a large percentage of the dissolved heavy metals. The cleaned water is then treated in a second precipitation step to remove the residual heavy metals to meet discharge limits. In the second precipitation step, any metal precipitant more effective than hydroxide for metal precipitation can be used. The invention improves metal removal, lowers cost because fewer chemicals are used, produces less sludge, and reduces the discharge of toxic metals and metal precipitants to the environment.

The liquefied petroleum gas deep desulfurizing process includes the following steps: mixing alcohol amine treated liquefied petroleum gas with desulfurizer aqua, feeding the mixture into a reactor with carbonyl sulfide hydrolyzing catalyst for hydrolyzing carbonyl sulfide into hydrogen sulfide and CO2 and eliminating hydrogen sulfide, regenerating the used desulfurizer, water washing the liquefied petroleum gas to eliminate residual desulfurizer with water containing dissolved oxygen or hydrogen peroxide in a water washing tower with hydrogen peroxide decomposing catalyst in the stuffing layer, eliminating mercaptan from the liquefied petroleum gas through oxidizing mercaptan into disulfide in a mercaptan eliminating reactor with catalyst, and final rectifying in a rectifying tower to eliminate disulfide. The process is simple and practical, and can lower the total sulfide content in liquefied petroleum gas to below 5 ppm.

The present invention relates to a process for producing sulfide glass or sulfide glass ceramic each capable of conducting a lithium ion, comprising subjecting metallic lithium, sulfur as a simple substance and phosphorus as a simple substance as starting raw materials, which constitute the sulfide glass and sulfide glass ceramic, to mechanical milling to thereby convert them into sulfide glass or sulfide glass ceramic; and a whole solid type cell using the above-mentioned sulfide glass ceramic as a solid electrolyte. According to the present invention, it is made possible to produce sulfide glass and sulfide glass ceramic which are each capable of conducting a lithium ion and which have high electroconductivity at room temperature by a simple and advantageous process from starting raw materials being easily available and inexpensive.

A composition and method of making a high-strength low-alloy hot-rolled steel sheet, strip, or plate bearing titanium as the principal or only microalloy strengthening element. The steel is substantially ferritic and has a microstructure that is at least 20% acicular ferrite. The steel has a minimum yield strength of at least 345 MPa (50 ksi) and even over 621 MPa (90 ksi) adding titanium as the lone microalloy element for strengthening, with elongation of 15% and more. Addition of vanadium, niobium, or a combination thereof can result in yield strengths exceeding 621 MPa (90 ksi). Effective titanium content, being the content of titanium in the steel not in the form of nitrides, oxides, or sulfides, is in the range of 0.01 to 0.12% by weight. The manufacturing process includes continuously casting a thin slab and reducing the slab thickness using thermomechanical controlled processing, including dynamic recrystallization controlled rolling.

A lithium battery includes a substrate, a positive electrode layer, a negative electrode layer, and a sulfide solid electrolyte layer disposed between the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer, the positive electrode layer, the negative electrode layer, and the sulfide solid electrolyte layer being provided on the substrate. In this lithium battery, the positive electrode layer is formed by a vapor-phase deposition method, and a buffer layer that suppresses nonuniformity of distribution of lithium ions near the interface between the positive electrode layer and the sulfide solid electrolyte layer is provided between the positive electrode layer and the sulfide solid electrolyte layer. As the buffer layer, a lithium-ion conductive oxide, in particular, Li_xLa_(2-x)/3TiO₃ (x=0.1 to 0.5), Li_7+xLa₃Zr₂O_12+(x/2) (−5≦×≦3, preferably −2≦×≦2), or LiNbO₃ is preferably used.

The invention relates to a gel-type polymer electrolyte used for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery system, consisting of a polymer support body, an ionic liquid, an organic solvent, a mixed lithium salt and dioxide silicon particles. A preparation method comprises the following steps of: preparing an imidazolium-based ionic liquid, dioxide silicon and composite lithium salt into a gel liquid in a carbonic ester solution dissolved with macromolecular polymers, then coating, drying and obtaining the gel-type polymer electrolyte film. In the gel-type polymer electrolyte prepared by the invention, sulfides in the lithium-sulfur battery system can be effectively prevented from dissolving in a liquid electrolyte solution, the ionic conductivity is high, and noninflammability and no leakage are achieved; and for the polymer electrolyte, the preparation process is simple, and the raw material source is wide, so that the gel-type polymer electrolyte is suitable for industrial production.

The invention relates to a production method for ultra-low sulfur and high-octane number gasoline. The method comprises the following steps of: filling a poor-quality full range gasoline raw material in a reaction distillation column to contact the material with a sulfoether catalyst to perform a sulfur ether reaction and fraction cutting so that low-boiling point sulfides, such as thiol and thiophene, are converted into high-boiling point sulfoether which is then transferred into heavy fraction gasoline, wherein the cutting fractionation temperature of light fraction gasoline and the heavy fraction gasoline is 50 to 90 DEG C; contacting the light fraction gasoline with a hydrocarbon highly branched isomerization catalyst; contacting the heavy fraction gasoline with a selective hydrodesulfurization catalyst and a desulfurization-hydrocarbon isomerization/aromatization catalyst; and mixing the treated light fraction gasoline and the heavy fraction gasoline to obtain the ultra-low sulfur and high-octane number gasoline. The method is suitable for modifying poor-quality gasoline, can reach better desulfurization and olefin reduction effects on ultra-high sulfur and high-olefin poor-quality catalytic gasoline, and can maintain or increase the octane number of the product and keep a higher product yield after reaction.

The invention discloses a method for treating mercury-containing wastewater during PVC (Polyvinyle Chloride) production through a two-step process. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, completing primary removal of mercury, copper, ferrous and ferric iron, cadmium, zinc, manganese, lead and suspending impurities of above 10mg/l by using a precipitator and a flocculating agent, regulating PH to 6-8 and then adding the flocculating agent and stirring for 30 minutes, standing for above 1 hour, discharging slag and aerating, absorbing mercury carried away by a gas phase through a sulfide adsorber, purifying water by using a plate type kieselguhr filter, removing residual suspended matters; and 2, carrying out complete reaction on the mercury in the wastewater by using an active carbon and a mercaptan and thiourea resin combining method again for being removed, and finally reaching the standard that the content of the mercury is less than 0.005mg/l. The treated wastewater can be recycled to salt melting or an acetylene generator, so that zero emission of the treated wastewater is achieved; and the mercury-containing waste acid water of hydrochloric acid desorption in the industry of chlor-alkali can be treated, the consumption of acid is reduced, and the great popularization significance is achieved in the industry of chlor-alkali.

A method for forming a thin film photovoltaic device. The method includes providing a transparent substrate comprising a surface region, forming a first electrode layer overlying the surface region, forming a copper layer overlying the first electrode layer and forming an indium layer overlying the copper layer to form a multi-layered structure. The multi-layered structure is subjected to a thermal treatment process in an environment containing a sulfur bearing species to forming a copper indium disulfide material. The copper indium disulfide material comprising a copper-to-indium atomic ratio ranging from about 1.2:1 to about 2:1 and a thickness of substantially copper sulfide material having a copper sulfide surface region. The thickness of the copper sulfide material is selectively removed to expose a surface region having a copper poor surface comprising a copper to indium atomic ratio of less than about 0.95:1. The method subjects the copper poor surface to a sulfide species to convert the copper poor surface from an n-type semiconductor characteristic to a p-type semiconductor characteristic. A window layer is formed overlying the copper indium disulfide material.

Embodiments presented herein provide a new approach for high-performance lithium-sulfur battery by using novel carbon-metal oxide-sulfur composites. The composites may be prepared by encapsulating sulfur particles in bifunctional carbon-supported metal oxide or other porous carbon-metal oxide composites. In this way, the porous carbon-metal oxide composite confines sulfur particles within its tunnels and maintain the electrical contact during cycling. Furthermore, the uniformly embedded metal oxides in the structure strongly adsorb polysulfide intermediates, avoid dissolution loss of sulfur, and ensure high coulombic efficiency as well as a long cycle life.

An electrode active material layer includes an electrode active material and a sulfide solid state electrolyte material which is fused to a surface of the electrode active material and is substantially free of bridging sulfur.