148 results about "Fractionation" patented technology

Extraction media for removal, concentration, and recovery of PEAS from contaminated materials in fluorous biphasic and / or multiphasic systems and related methods. The systems may include a fluorous functionalized solid support and a fluorous fractionation reactor permitting PFAS separation for targeted recovery. Extraction mediums comprise a polyelectrolyte with carbon dioxide / supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2 / SCCO2) with additional possible reagent modifiers that permit miscibility switches and compatibility with NSF / ANSI certifications. The extraction medium may include modifiers to enhance targeted recovery, such as F -solvents and / or organic carrier solvents. The disclosed systems and methods permit advantages such as 1 ) reduced sensitivity to PFAS-impacted phase co-contam inants such as competing anionic species and / or organic contaminants, 2) simple contact reactor retrofits, 3) enhanced removal of ultra- and / or short chain PFAS, 4) enhanced uniformity of matrix chemistry for downstream waste / wastewater management processes, and 5) the ability to recover valuable PFAS from waste / wastewater for processes that are dependent on their chemistry.

The invention discloses a fluid inclusion standard sample for in-situ isotope analysis as well as preparation and application of the fluid inclusion standard sample. The preparation method comprises the following steps: obtaining silicate glass powder with uniform components, carrying out high-temperature and high-pressure reaction on the glass powder and a fluid salt solution with the same mass in a closed Cu-Au tube, taking out a reaction product after the reaction, and drying to obtain the fluid inclusion standard sample for isotope analysis. According to the method, the silicate glass with uniform components can rapidly capture the fluid inclusion, and the Cu isotope in the fluid inclusion is accurately measured and controlled according to the fractionation degree of the Cu isotope between the acid salt melt and the fluid.

Disclosed herein are systems and methods delignifying and depolymerizing lignocellulosic biomass into an aromatic species-rich fraction and a carbohydrate-rich fraction. The resultant fractions can be used as raw materials to produce value-added goods from biogenic carbon.

A method can include receiving an oxygenate sample, fractioning the oxygenate sample into one or more fractions, and separating the fractions (e.g. using FAME fractionation, FAEE fractionation, crystallization, solvent extraction, or other similar methods). The fractions can optionally be separated independently. The method can optionally include esterifying carboxylic acids separated from the fractions with glycerol and deodorizing the glycerides.

According to the quantitative evaluation method for the dynamic output of the adsorbed gas and the free gas of the deep coal bed gas, the gas released by the coal bed rock core sample in the experiment process and the corresponding rock core experiment data are firstly obtained, and a basic data source fitting the actual reservoir characteristics of the deep coal bed is provided for subsequent evaluation. Then isotope value testing is conducted on the gas, a first methane carbon isotope value is obtained, and the fractionation characteristics of the methane gas in matrix holes and cracks are accurately reflected. First gas pressure and first core temperature of the coal bed gas in the matrix hole are calculated, second gas pressure and second core temperature of the coal bed gas in the fracture are obtained through calculation, and accurate characterization of the temperature and pressure field in the reservoir is achieved. Finally, the gas quantity of the adsorbed gas and the free gas of the coal bed gas is obtained through calculation by means of the gas state equation and the isothermal adsorption equation, and the accuracy of quantitative evaluation of the output of the adsorbed gas and the free gas of the coal bed gas is greatly improved through multi-source fitting of simulation experiment data and preset control equation calculation data.

Extraction media for removal, concentration, and recovery of PFAS from contaminated materials in fluorous biphasic and / or multiphasic systems and related methods. The systems may include a fluorous functionalized solid support and a fluorous fractionation reactor permitting PFAS separation for targeted recovery. Extraction mediums comprise a polyelectrolyte with carbon dioxide / supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2 / scCO2) with additional possible reagent modifiers that permit miscibility switches and compatibility with NSF / ANSI certifications. The extraction medium may include modifiers to enhance targeted recovery, such as F-solvents and / or organic carrier solvents. The disclosed systems and methods permit advantages such as 1) reduced sensitivity to PFAS-impacted phase co-contaminants such as competing anionic species and / or organic contaminants, 2) simple contact reactor retrofits, 3) enhanced removal of ultra- and / or short chain PFAS, 4) enhanced uniformity of matrix chemistry for downstream waste / wastewater management processes, and 5) the ability to recover valuable PFAS from waste / wastewater for processes that are dependent on their chemistry.

The invention relates to the technical field of liquid chromatography fractionation, in particular to a full-automatic liquid chromatography fractionation device, which comprises a fractionation support, a chromatography column bracket and a fractionation chromatography column, and is also provided with an annular ultrasonic array module formed by combining a semi-ring diagnosis probe I and a semi-ring diagnosis probe II, an adjustable sieve plate, a multi-zone differential compensation assembly and a control module, a liquid inlet pipe, a liquid outlet and a detection sensor are additionally arranged; the annular ultrasonic array module detects the compactness of packing in the column and the axial and radial uniformity of pore distribution, the control module controls the multi-area differential compensation assembly to apply differential compensation pressure to different axial sections of a column bed after receiving data, and the detection sensor monitors fluid parameters; the device realizes accurate monitoring and targeted regulation and control of the column bed state, ensures uniform filler compactness, avoids flow state abnormity and bubble interference, remarkably improves fractionation separation efficiency and product purity, is convenient to operate and stable in operation, and is suitable for high-precision separation scenes.

The invention belongs to the technical field of deep-time atmosphere carbon dioxide isotope composition estimation, and particularly relates to a high-resolution deep-time atmosphere carbon dioxide isotope composition estimation method and system, and the method comprises the steps: S100, reconstructing the global surface average temperature based on the atmosphere carbon dioxide concentration pCO2; s200, calculating the relative content of carbonate ions and bicarbonate radical ions in the marine carbonate system; s300, determining a fractionation coefficient; s400, determining a difference value V of carbon isotopes of the carbonatite and surrounding seawater in the carbonatite deposition process on the basis of the carbon isotope difference of the carpopods and the carbonatite; according to the method, carbonate rocks which generally exist in geological history and are continuously deposited on time are selected as a tool for atmospheric carbon dioxide isotope reconstruction, and the atmospheric carbon dioxide isotope is reconstructed through quantitative evaluation of the geological history ocean surface layer temperature, the ocean carbonate rock salt content and the fractionation effect during formation of the carbonate rocks. And the atmospheric carbon dioxide isotope composition in the deep-time geological historical evolution process can be accurately calculated.

The invention belongs to the field of spectrum chemical analysis, and particularly relates to a detection method for measuring the silver content in crude copper through atomic absorption spectrometry. The method comprises the following specific steps: dissolving with nitric acid, adding bromine water and hydrochloric acid, steaming to be nearly dry, and leaching with hydrochloric acid; if particles which are not completely dissolved exist only by using nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, filtering, adding a saturated ammonium bifluoride solution, nitric acid-sulfuric acid mixed acid and perchloric acid, heating and dissolving, smoking until smoke is exhausted, adding hydrochloric acid for leaching, transferring into a volumetric flask (not separately taken), taking hydrochloric acid as a medium, matching a copper matrix with a silver standard solution, acetylene as fuel gas and air as combustion-supporting gas, and performing gradient elution to obtain the copper-silver alloy. And measuring the silver content on an atomic absorption spectrometer. The method has the characteristics of simplicity in sample pretreatment, high detection result accuracy, good precision, simplicity in operation, high practicability and the like.

A method can include receiving an oxygenate sample, fractioning the oxygenate sample into one or more fractions, and separating the fractions (e.g. using FAME fractionation, FAEE fractionation, crystallization, solvent extraction, or other similar methods). The fractions can optionally be separated independently. The method can optionally include esterifying carboxylic acids separated from the fractions with glycerol and deodorizing the glycerides.

The invention discloses a method for simulating phosphorus and chromium migration during farmland irrigation with acid mine wastewater, which comprises the following steps: mixing a plant-derived organic material with deionized water to obtain a soluble organic matter; h2O2 oxidizes Fe < 2 + > to prepare pure Schwertmannite, and the pure Schwertmannite is placed in a phosphate solution to obtain phosphorus-loaded Schwertmannite; mixing the phosphorus-loaded Schwertmannite and the soluble organic matter with a chromate solution, carrying out oscillation adsorption, carrying out solid-liquid separation after adsorption, carrying out CrO and POconcentration change test on filtrate, and carrying out mineral characterization on separated solids; a three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum is adopted to track composition conversion of the soluble organic matter in the reaction process; and analyzing the component change of the supernate before and after the reaction by adopting Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. The influence mechanism of DOM on phosphorus and chromium fate in mineral / water interface molecular fractionation is disclosed from the molecular level, and a scientific basis is provided for collaborative migration risk assessment of phosphorus and heavy metal in acid mine wastewater irrigation area farmland.

This invention provides a method for detecting dichloronaphthalene, a persistent organic pollutant in soil sediments. The method includes: collecting soil sediment samples, pre-treating them by freeze-drying, grinding, and sieving to obtain a sample; extracting and purifying the sample using an organic solvent to prepare a test solution; analyzing and detecting the sample using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (UPLC-APCI-MS / MS), and calculating the measured value of dichloronaphthalene in the test solution by substituting the obtained peak area and fractionation ratio into a specific formula. This invention fills the gap in my country's technology for detecting dichloronaphthalene-type persistent organic pollutants in soil sediments. This method can effectively eliminate interference from complex matrices, accurately determine trace amounts of six dichloronaphthalene isomers, and has the advantages of high sensitivity, strong anti-interference ability, simple operation, and high detection accuracy.

The invention relates to the field of organic compound synthesis, and more particularly to the production of valuable compounds for use in organic synthesis, and even more particularly to a method of producing O-methyl-N-phenyl carbamate of the formula shown. What is proposed is a method of producing O-methyl-N-phenyl carbamate of the given formula, which comprises reacting methanol with diphenylurea, wherein methanol is reacted with diphenylurea at a molar ratio of the reagents diphenylurea:methanol of 1:(6-15), and the process is carried out at a temperature of from 120 to 190°C to produce 99.9% pure O-methyl-N-phenyl carbamate, with subsequent separation of the products of the process by fractionation. The technical result of the proposed invention is an improved method of producing O-methyl-N-phenyl carbamate under optimal process conditions with a yield of 78-89% and separation of the products of the process by fractionation.

This document discloses a system and method for separating cracked hydrocarbon mixtures. A main fractionation column separates the cracked hydrocarbon mixture into top, side, and bottom fractions containing C1 to C6+ hydrocarbons. A top condenser and high-pressure separation system partially condenses the top fraction and compresses the uncondensed vapor to produce a compressed gas fraction and a compressed liquid fraction. A first distillation column receives the compressed liquid fraction and separates it into a first top vapor and a first bottom fraction. A second distillation column separates the first bottom fraction into a second top fraction and a second bottom fraction. An absorber receives a portion of the second bottom fraction and the side liquid fraction and contacts it in countercurrent flow with the compressed gas fraction, thereby producing an absorber top fraction and absorber bottom fraction containing exhaust gas. Such a system can be used to integrate existing FCC / RFCC units with petrochemical complexes.

The invention discloses a method for predicting an ammonium salt corrosion high-risk area of a catalytic cracking fractionation device. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring process structure parameters of a heavy oil catalytic cracking fractionation device to be detected and physical property data of reaction oil gas composition; establishing a process calculation model of the fractionation device according to the process characteristics and the physical property data of the reaction oil gas composition; solving material flow parameters in the fractionation device by using the model, and analyzing material flow characteristics such as vapor-liquid phase distribution, temperature distribution and corrosive medium component distribution in the device; calculating an ammonium salt crystallization temperature based on the material flow characteristics; and identifying and determining a high-risk area of ammonium salt crystallization corrosion in the fractionation device by combining the material flow characteristics and the ammonium salt crystallization temperature. The method can rapidly and accurately predict the ammonium salt crystallization corrosion high-risk area in the heavy oil catalytic cracking fractionation device, effectively reduces corrosion damage, optimizes anti-corrosion measures, improves the safe operation performance of the device, and is suitable for corrosion prediction and protection of petrochemical equipment.

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for producing a C4+ compound, including the steps of: (i) reacting a feed stream comprising C1+O1-3 hydrocarbons in the presence of an acid condensation (AC) catalyst at a condensation temperature and condensation pressure to produce an AC product stream including the C4+ compound; (ii) fractionating AC product stream into an AC liquid product stream including organic products and a vapor stream; (iii) fractionating the AC liquid product stream by a fractionation column into a liquid C4+ compound product stream and a gaseous overhead stream; (iv) cooling the gaseous overhead stream to produce a liquid reflux stream and a gaseous vent stream; (v) recycling a first portion of the liquid reflux stream to the fractionation column for the fractionation in step (iii); and (vi) recycling a second portion of the liquid reflux stream to the feed stream for the reaction in step (i).

The invention relates to a production and separation device and method wherein: a reforming effluent (40) is produced and fractionated in a separation unit (1) and a fractionation train (5-6-7) for extracting benzene (22), toluene (23), xylenes (24) and C9-10 aromatics; aromatics are extracted from a feedstock (41) in a liquid-liquid extraction unit (14) to produce a first raffinate (43) and a first extract (42), the first extract (42) being sent to a benzene-toluene fractionation device (5); the xylenes are separated in a xylene separation unit (10) to produce a second extract (31) containing para-xylene, and a second raffinate (32) containing ortho-xylene and meta-xylene; and the second raffinate is isomerised in an isomerisation unit (11) so as to produce an isomerate (34) enriched in para-xylene sent to a fractionation train (5-6-7).

The present application relates to the field of agricultural chemical analysis, and particularly relates to a method for grading extraction and fluorescent labeling quantitative detection of effective phosphorus forms in organic fertilizer, first, water-soluble phosphorus is extracted by oscillation with deionized water; then, the filter residue is treated with an ammonium citrate-EDTA complexing extraction liquid to obtain citric-soluble phosphorus; finally, the residue is dissolved with a mixed acid extraction liquid to obtain insoluble phosphorus, three kinds of extraction liquids are taken respectively, color developing reagent of ammonium molybdate, ascorbic acid reducing agent are added in turn to carry out color developing reaction, then a fluorescent enhancer is added to amplify the signal, the fluorescence intensity is measured, and the contents of water-soluble phosphorus, citric-soluble phosphorus and insoluble phosphorus are accurately calculated according to a standard curve, a water-ammonium citrate / EDTA-mixed acid three-stage gradient extraction system is adopted to realize efficient separation and extraction of water-soluble phosphorus, citric-soluble phosphorus and insoluble phosphorus in the organic fertilizer, especially, the synergistic complexing system of ammonium citrate and EDTA is introduced in the second-stage extraction, thereby improving the extraction efficiency of citric-soluble phosphorus.

The present invention discloses a traceability method, system, device and storage medium for the formation process of ice layers based on hydrogen or oxygen isotopes. The method includes: obtaining the isotope concentration of the test sample of the ice layer to be tested, the isotope concentration of the modeling sample and the environmental data of the wintering period; establishing an isotope concentration distribution model according to the isotope concentration of the modeling sample and the environmental data of the wintering period; calculating the theoretical value of the isotope concentration of each height of the ice layer to be tested according to the isotope concentration distribution model; calculating the source contribution ratio of the ice layer to be tested at the height of the test sample according to the isotope concentration of the test sample and the theoretical value of the isotope concentration, and obtaining the formation process of the ice layer to be tested. It can conveniently and efficiently obtain how the ice layer to be tested is formed, and can form a practical method that is conducive to the quantitative inversion of the ice formation process of rivers and lakes by the physical fractionation mechanism, providing a new technology for the evaluation of the hydrological situation of rivers and lakes in the wintering period in remote areas without data and observations and the study of the mechanism of water resource evolution.

The invention relates to organic synthesis techniques, and more particularly to a method of thermally decomposing 4,4'-methylene diphenyl dicarbamate (4,4'-MDC) to 4,4'-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (4,4'-MDI), which is characterized in that 4,4'-MDC, in the form of a melt, or of a suspension in an inert carrier liquid, or of a powder, and an inert gas are fed into a column for conducting continuous thermal decomposition, the mixture is heated to 200-400°C inside the column for the gas-phase decomposition of 4,4'-MDC in the stream of inert gas at atmospheric pressure, then the mixture is separated in a fractionation column to isolate high-purity 4,4'-MDI. The technical result of the proposed invention is an improved method resulting in a high yield of high-purity 4,4'-MDI.

The invention provides an iron-sulfur isotope equilibrium fractionation factor calculation method based on a density functional theory. The iron-sulfur isotope equilibrium fractionation factor calculation method comprises the following steps: firstly, constructing initial mineral models of amorphous FeS, cubic FeS, maquinol ore, hematite, hematite and pyrite; the model is optimized through a spin polarization DFT + U method, GGA-PBE functional, OTFG ultra-soft pseudo potential, 400 eV plane wave cutoff energy and 5.0 * 10 <-7 > Hartree self-consistent field convergence standards are selected as calculation parameters, and the optimal Hubbar Ueff value and magnetic sequence arrangement of each mineral are determined; and finally, calculating the simple harmonic vibration frequency of the mineral, and deducing equilibrium fractionation factors (1000ln beta value) of Fe and S isotopes at a specific temperature. According to the method, the theoretical blank of isotope fractionation of the conversion path from amorphous FeS to pyrite is filled up, the data can be used for judging the isotope balance of minerals and tracing the mineralization process, and an important theoretical basis is provided for research on sedimentary diagenesis and ancient ocean redox.

A method of fractionating lignocellulosic biomass includes fractionating lignocellulos biomass in an aqueous phenol-4-sulfonic acid (PSA). The process may provide complete or nearly complete fractionation under mild conditions.

The present application belongs to the technical field of chemical petroleum fractionation, and particularly relates to a gas-liquid separation equipment for chemical petroleum refining, which comprises a shell, a support, a fractionation mechanism and a controller. The shell is designed in a cylindrical shape in the middle part and in a semicircular shape at both ends. The shell is hollow. The support is located close to the bottom of the shell and is fixed to the shell. The fractionation mechanism is installed in the shell. In the present application, a small amount of petroleum vapor continues to rise in the fractionation tower due to insufficient condensation during the rising process of the vapor, so that the condensed petroleum vapor at another height is obtained, thereby effectively improving the production rate of the oil product.

The present technology generally relates to a process for the development of mushroom mycelium using byproducts of protein isolate production and fractionation or milling.

The embodiment of the invention provides a W element separation and high-precision W isotope determination method for ultralow sample quantity rock, which comprises the following steps: selecting a rock sample to be determined, and weighing and dissolving the rock sample to obtain a sample dissolving solution; sequentially carrying out two-column chemical separation and purification on the sample dissolving solution by respectively adopting an AG1X8 resin column and a TEVA resin column, and separating out the W element to obtain a high-purity W element sample to be determined; the method comprises the following steps: respectively establishing a cup structure for W isotope composition determination and a cup structure for O isotope composition determination, and determining a high-purity W element to-be-determined sample to respectively obtain nWO3 data of W isotope and data of all O isotope compositions; and performing deoxidation correction on nWO3 data according to all O isotope composition data, and correcting W isotope mass fractionation to obtain a high-accuracy and high-precision W isotope ratio. According to the method, the chemical process background is reduced, the recovery rate of W is improved, and the accuracy and precision of W isotope testing are improved.

Device and method of production and conversion comprising / using: a fractionation train (4-6) producing a xylene cut (24); a xylene separation unit (10) processing the xylene cut to produce a paraxylene extract (39) and a raffinate (40); an isomerization unit (11) processing the raffinate to produce an isomerate (42) of xylene sent to the fractionation train; a synthesis gas production unit (14; 15) processing a hydrocarbon feed (30) to produce a synthesis gas (34) comprising CO and CO2; a methanol synthesis reaction section (50) processing the synthesis gas (34) to produce methanol (51); A toluene alkylation reaction section (13) treats a toluene-containing cut (23) with methanol (51) to produce an alkylation effluent (32) containing xylenes, which is then sent to the fractionation train. Figure 1 to be published

The application relates to the field of environmental science and technology, and discloses a fine-source analysis method for atmospheric pollutants combining computational chemistry and isotopes, which comprises the following steps: constructing an isotopic data set, simulating a target pollutant molecular configuration, constructing an isotopic fractionation paradigm equation, correcting local isotopic fractionation, tracing the generation mechanism of a target pollutant in a typical region, and optimizing source analysis of the target pollutant in the typical region. In this way, based on computational chemistry, the density functional theory and the U-B-GM model are coupled, the isotopic fractionation paradigm equation is constructed for a preset reaction path, the specific isotopic fractionation value or fractionation coefficient is accurately simulated in combination with atmospheric environmental parameters during observation, and a local isotopic fractionation correction scheme is established accordingly; the correction scheme is oriented towards fine-source analysis, and can accurately identify the generation mechanism and pollution sources. In this way, the uncertainty of source analysis can be effectively reduced, and fine tracing of the sources of atmospheric pollutants can be realized.

The present invention discloses an integrated hydrogenation process and system for producing crude oil-based chemicals. The system comprises a first fractionation unit, a first ebullated-bed reaction zone, a first gas-liquid separator, a second ebullated-bed reaction zone, a second gas-liquid separator, a first fixed-bed reaction zone, a second fixed-bed reaction zone, a second fractionation unit, a third gas-liquid separation unit, a fourth gas-liquid separator, and a fourth fractionation unit. Also provided is an integrated hydrogenation process for producing crude oil-based chemicals, coupling the separation unit, ebullated-bed heavy oil hydrogenation, and fixed-bed hydrogenation to achieve efficient conversion of crude oil into light naphtha and heavy naphtha, chemical raw materials. The process of the present invention efficiently and organically couples the reaction units, achieving a crude oil-to-chemical conversion rate exceeding 85%. Furthermore, through optimized device coupling, device investment and energy consumption can be significantly reduced.

The present invention is directed to fractionation of crude tall oil, which originates from the Kraft process black liquor. In the method according to the present invention, at least two strongly basic anion exchange resins are used to efficiently separate fractions from the crude tall oil.