28 results about "Lignocellulosic biomass" patented technology

The present disclosure provides genetically engineered microorganisms for the simultaneous fermentation of pentose and hexose sugars, for example, glucose and xylose. The microorganisms can be modified to express AtSWEET polypeptides, LST1 polypeptides, mutants thereof, homologs thereof or combinations thereof. Also provided are methods of co-fermenting hexose and pentose sugars, methods of increasing the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass via microbial fermentation, and methods of generating biofuel.

The present invention relates to the field of extraction of lignin wherein lignin is separated into a primary lignin. In one aspect, the present invention concerns a method to extract a primary lignin from lignocellulosic biomass comprising lignin. By providing a lignocellulosic biomass and a mixture of water and alcohol in a reactor, maintaining a temperature between 110°C and 180°C in the reactor to allow at least a part of the lignin to be dissolved to form an extract. Adding water to the removed extract to allow a part of the dissolved lignin to precipitate forming a primary lignin and separate it from the solution. In another aspect, the present invention concerns an isolated lignin obtained by the method as a primary lignin.

This invention discloses a method for separating all components of lignocellulosic biomass using a composite solvent system based on oxalic acid, belonging to the field of biomass resource utilization technology. The method uses a composite solvent system composed of propylene carbonate, water, and oxalic acid to pretreat lignocellulosic raw materials; the amount of propylene carbonate is 60%–90% of the composite solvent system, and the mass-to-volume ratio of oxalic acid to the composite solvent system is 0.6–1.2 g / mL; the degradation rate of hemicellulose is greater than 55%, the degradation rate of lignin is greater than 32%, and the retention rate of cellulose is greater than 84%. This invention uses poplar wood as the lignocellulosic raw material, achieving efficient separation of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. The solvent used is green and recyclable, which is of great significance for the pretreatment of lignocellulosic raw materials.

This disclosure proposes a method and application for constructing hierarchical porous carbon materials using low-melting-point eutectic salts in conjunction with bio-templates. The method includes selecting lignocellulosic biomass raw materials with vascular or pore structures, crushing, washing, and drying to obtain biomass powder; mixing at least two alkali metal halides in a eutectic ratio and grinding to obtain a low-melting-point eutectic salt mixture; physically mixing or liquid-phase impregnation mixing the biomass powder and the eutectic salt mixture, followed by drying to obtain a composite precursor; pyrolyzing the composite precursor in a high-temperature reactor under an inert atmosphere to obtain a reaction product; after cooling the reaction product to room temperature, washing it in deionized water to dissolve and separate the inorganic salts; evaporating and crystallizing the washing liquid to obtain a solid product; soaking the washed solid product in dilute acid, washing it with water until neutral, drying, and sieving to obtain the hierarchical porous carbon material.

The invention relates to a method for producing a biofuel by continuous or discontinuous steam cracking of lignocellulosic biomass, characterized in that: - recording a digital model of the optimal steam cracking parameters as a function of the typology of the plant constituents of the biomass; - supplying the steam cracking reactor with heterogeneous biomass; - measuring at least once during the treatment the typology of the plant constituents of the biomass; - controlling the adjustment of the steam cracking parameters as a function of the typology of the plant constituents of the measured biomass and of said digital model.

The present disclosure generally relates to compositions and methods of simultaneously making two unique biointermediates from a single lignocellulosic biomass feedstock, including a hydrophobic biohydrocarbon and a water insoluble hydrophilic cellulosic biopolymer for use in the production of renewable fuels, chemicals, and other carbon neutral materials commonly derived from petroleum and other fossil resources.

The present invention relates to graphene and its derivatives derived from lignocellulosic biomass including palm kernel shell (PKS) and a method of producing thereof without the use of harmful chemicals and at a low temperature. Particularly, the method of producing graphene and its derivatives from palm kernel shell (PKS), comprising the steps of: carbonizing raw palm kernel shell (PKS) in an inert environment to obtain carbonized form of PKS; subjecting the carbonized form of PKS to graphitization in the presence of catalyst and heating to obtain graphite form of PKS, followed by a multi-step washing step; oxidizing the graphite form of PKS at a temperature of less than or equal to 10 °C; exfoliating the oxidized graphite, followed by neutralizing thereof in the presence of water and an alkali to obtain a graphite oxide suspension; and subjecting the graphite oxide suspension to chemical reduction in the presence of a weak acid to obtain the reduced graphene oxide (rGO), followed by another multi-step washing step.

A method for processing a lignocellulose biomass material with a moisture content below 10 weight-% and an ash content below 1.0 weight-% includes: adding an acid catalyst to the lignocellulose biomass material; after adding the acid catalyst, thermally treating the lignocellulose biomass material with steam at an elevated pressure and an elevated temperature in at least one reactor; discharging the lignocellulose biomass material and blow steam from the at least one reactor using a steam explosion discharge device; and forming pellets and / or briquettes from at least part of the discharged thermally treated lignocellulose biomass material.

A composite material consisting of a lignocellulosic biomass having a moisture content of 5 to 10 wt% and an iron material comprising at least 30% iron oxides, the composite material having a Fe / C molar ratio of 3 to 6.5.

Biomass products containing protected lignocellulosic material are described. In a process for making a biomass product, a lignocellulosic material is combined with a protecting reagent in a solvent to form a biomass dispersion, lignin in the lignocellulosic material in the biomass dispersion is reacted with the protecting reagent in the presence of an acid catalyst or a base catalyst under reaction conditions to protect lignin (3-0-4 linkages forming a protected biomass dispersion, optionally neutralizing the protected biomass dispersion and removing all or a portion of the solvent from the protected biomass dispersion to yield a biomass product containing protected lignocellulosic material. The resulting biomass product containing protected lignocellulosic material may itself be used in a wood adhesive for composite article manufacture, either as a solid or a liquid adhesive composition. The biomass product may be used as the resin component in a conventional wood adhesive composition or the biomass product itself may be formed directly into boards.

A method is disclosed for providing a c5 / c6 product from a lignocellulosic material, said method comprising the steps of: (i) pretreatment of the lignocellulosic material; (ii) solid / liquid separation of the pretreated lignocellulosic material from step (a) into a first solid fraction and a first liquid fraction; (iii) enzymatic hydrolysis of the fiber from said first solid fraction from step (b) using an enzyme composition capable of degrading lignocellulosic material, thereby providing a c5 / c6 fiber paste comprising c5 and / or c6 sugars; (iv) solid / liquid separation of the c5 / c6 fiber paste from step (c) into a second solid fraction and a second liquid fraction; and optionally (v) combining said first liquid fraction and said second liquid fraction for enzymatic hydrolysis of mixed sugar (msh), thereby providing a c5 / c6 msh product.

The invention relates to an organosolv fractionation process for fractionating lignocellulosic biomass into a biomass pulp and an organosolv liquor comprising a mild fractionation step (a) to remove lignin and hemicellulose comprising contacting the lignocellulosic biomass to the intermediate organosolv liquor originating from step (b) at a temperature in the range of 100 °C – 170 °C and a pH between 1.5 and 3.0, to obtain a mildly treated biomass and the organosolv liquor; and a severe fractionation step (b) to obtain pulp, comprising contacting the mildly treated biomass originating from step (a) with an organosolv treatment liquid at a temperature in the range of 100 °C – 170 °C and a pH below 2.0, to obtain the intermediate organosolv liquor and a biomass pulp. The total fractionation time of steps (a) and (b) is at least 30 min.

The present invention relates to a process for producing eco-flex biofuel from lignocellulosic biomass, preferably eucalyptus wood chips, which generates high-energy-yield products such as biochar, bio-oil and condensable gases with low energy consumption and low cost, whilst being sustainable, suitable and having a low environmental impact. The present invention also relates to biofuel produced from biomass, which is suitable for use in the steel industry, particularly, but not exclusively, in blast furnaces.

This invention discloses a two-step method for the efficient preparation of furfural from biomass, belonging to the field of high-value utilization technology of biomass. The method involves: first, pretreating lignocellulosic biomass using an organic acid catalyst to obtain a liquid-phase product rich in xylose and a solid-phase product rich in cellulose and lignin; second, in a two-phase system composed of γ-valerolactone, water, and sodium chloride, dehydrating xylose using an organic acid catalyst to obtain furfural; the xylose yield in the liquid-phase product is not less than 55%; the cellulose retention rate in the solid-phase product is not less than 83%, and the lignin retention rate is not less than 81%. This invention significantly improves the quality yield of furfural (up to 43.3%), effectively inhibits sugar condensation and side reactions, and achieves efficient retention of cellulose and lignin, providing a green, efficient, and scalable technical path for the high-value utilization of all components of biomass.

This disclosure relates to a method for preparing an upgraded reconstituted material from dried raw materials with a moisture content of 0-30% w / w, said raw materials comprising lignocellulose and generally derived from waste grains and / or pseudo-grains, and / or food waste, or lignocellulose biomass or mixtures thereof, the method comprising: a) a pretreatment comprising the steps of: i) grinding and / or pulverizing the raw materials to obtain powder capable of passing through a sieve having a sieve aperture size of 10-1000 μm; ii) performing autohydrolysis; subsequently b) enzymatically hydrolyzing the powder obtained in step ii), wherein said enzymatic hydrolysis comprises adding an enzyme mixture comprising at least glucanase and xylanase; and c) a posttreatment comprising the step of grinding and / or pulverizing the enzymatically hydrolyzed mixture obtained in step b) to obtain an upgraded reconstituted material in a flour-like product form.

This invention provides a method for producing a powder with a high lignin content and smaller particle size from the saccharification and fermentation residue of lignocellulosic biomass. [Solution] A method for producing lignin-containing powder, comprising filtering a residue or solution containing lignin generated during the process of saccharifying or fermenting lignocellulosic biomass in a wet state using a filter filtration method, separating the obtained filtrate into solid and liquid components, drying the obtained solid residue, and grinding the obtained dried material to produce a lignin-containing powder, wherein the filtration is performed using a filter with a mesh opening of 105 μm to 1000 μm.

This invention relates to the field of battery anode material technology, specifically to a silicon-carbon anode material based on a fungal-derived carbon skeleton, comprising: a fungal-derived carbon skeleton, which is prepared by carbonization of a composite precursor formed by fungal mycelium and lignocellulosic biomass, and has a hierarchical porous structure; silicon particles, loaded on the surface and inside the pores of the carbon skeleton; and a coating layer, covering the outermost layer of the silicon particle and carbon skeleton composite structure. The fungal-derived carbon skeleton of this invention has a natural hierarchical porous structure, which can effectively buffer the volume expansion of silicon during lithium insertion / extraction; the surface of the carbon skeleton is rich in functional groups due to the biological modification effect of fungi, and after further modification, it can significantly enhance the adhesion of silicon particles; the outer coating layer improves the overall conductivity and inhibits the repeated rupture and regeneration of the SEI film.

This invention provides a method for producing a powder with a high lignin content and smaller particle size from the saccharification and fermentation residue of lignocellulosic biomass. [Solution] A method for producing lignin-containing powder, comprising filtering a residue or solution containing lignin generated during the process of saccharifying or fermenting lignocellulosic biomass in a wet state using a filter filtration method, separating the obtained filtrate into solid and liquid components, drying the obtained solid residue, and grinding the obtained dried material to produce a lignin-containing powder, wherein the filtration is performed using a filter with a mesh opening of 105 μm to 1000 μm.

This invention discloses a method for preparing slow-release urea based on active nano-carbon concentrate, belonging to the field of slow-release fertilizer technology. The method includes using lignocellulosic biomass as a carbon source, which undergoes pretreatment, carbonization, and activation with an alkaline activator to create pores; dispersing the active nano-carbon concentrate in a urea aqueous solution for impregnation and adsorption, followed by vacuum-assisted permeation and drying to obtain urea-loaded active nano-carbon concentrate; then impregnating it in a biodegradable natural polymer solution, cross-linking and curing to form an outer passivation layer, and drying to obtain slow-release urea. This invention employs the above-mentioned method for preparing slow-release urea based on active nano-carbon concentrate. Through hierarchical porous carbon concentrate construction, vacuum-assisted deep loading, and natural polymer surface passivation, a dual slow-release mechanism is formed, effectively suppressing the initial explosive release of urea and achieving gradient controllable release. The cumulative nitrogen release rate does not exceed 25% in 24 hours and 85% in 28 days. The process is green and environmentally friendly, and the carrier is biodegradable.

This invention aims to find out a sustainable and cost-effective option for the management of dyes-rich effluent produced by textile industries. It consists on the following steps: i) preparation of an alkaline-modified lignocellulosic biomass by stirring orange tree sawdust into a 0.14 M NaOH solution at ambient temperature and 1 h of contact time, ii) the effective adsorption of dyes from effluents by this adsorbent in column mode, iii) the desorption of the loaded alkaline-modified adsorbent in column mode by using a filtered seawater solution though a paper filter having a porosity of 0.45 µm, iv) the recovery of the dye as a solid phase from the highly-concentrated desorbing solution by decantation at 4 °C. This solid phase can be used again in others similar dyeing processes, v) the degradation of the residual dye in the desorbing solution through electrochemical treatment under galvanostatic mode by using a boron-doped diamond layer (BDD) as anode / cathode with 1 mm gap between at T= 25°C. The generated active radicals (HCIO and CIO) from the Cl ions existing in the seawater ensure a high discoloration and total organic carbons degradation with a remarkably low consumed energy. The treated wastewater may be reused again by the company inside or outside their dyeing process.

The present disclosure provides a composition for biological pretreatment of hemicellulose and lignin, comprising a red oleaginous yeast strain. Further, the present disclosure discloses a method for biological pretreatment of hemicellulose and lignin using a red oleaginous yeast strain, and a method for enzymatic saccharification comprising the same. According to the present disclosure, the efficiency of producing sugars from lignocellulosic biomass can be increased by biologically pretreating hemicellulose and lignin without sugar loss.

The application relates to the field of high-value utilization of lignocellulosic biomass, in particular to a preparation method and application of a divalent iron-loaded amphiphilic cellulose, and a divalent iron-loaded amphiphilic cellulose material is obtained, and the problems of uneven release of divalent iron and low reaction efficiency in traditional technologies are solved. The material can release ferrous ions at the oil-water interface in a directional manner, high-concentration sulfate radicals are generated through the reaction of the ferrous ions and persulfate, so that the oxidation capacity is significantly improved, and demulsification is effectively realized.

The invention relates to the field of solid biofuels obtained by steam cracking. More particularly, the invention relates to a process for the treatment of lignocellulosic biomass by steam cracking in which the obtained powder is treated in order to separate the particles into two categories according to a threshold value, and each category is treated differently.

The present invention relates to the beneficiation of animal waste products, such as chicken manure and chicken litter, using sequential solubility extractions to separate the various components of the animal waste product. The separated products are then further processed to produce various value-added end products, such as allantoin and other uric acid derivatives, along with other chemicals and derivatives of the lignocellulosic biomass and mineral salts contained within the animal waste product.

The application discloses a method for separating lignocellulose biomass by using a two-phase system, wherein mixed organic solvents are used as the organic phase, dilute sulfuric acid is used as the water phase, and the lignocellulose biomass is separated into three phases in an autoclave under certain conditions, and then the solid phase rich in cellulose, the organic phase containing lignin and the water phase containing xylose are obtained by filtration and liquid separation. The mixed organic solvents are selected from any one of acetone and amyl alcohol, and a mixed solution of phenol and amyl alcohol. The method has the advantages of low reaction temperature, short processing time, recycling of xylose as a conversion product of hemicellulose, and simultaneous realization of efficient separation or conversion of three main components of lignocellulose biomass.

This invention provides an AP2 transcription factor that promotes hemicellulose degradation. DkAP2 The DkAP2 The nucleotide sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO.1. This invention also provides the above-mentioned AP2 transcription factor. DkAP2 Application in promoting hemicellulose degradation. This invention is the first to isolate and identify the AP2 transcription factor from persimmon that can positively promote hemicellulose degradation. DkAP2 Overexpression of this gene in persimmon fruit can promote the degradation of hemicellulose in the cell wall, achieving precise regulation of the softening process of persimmon fruit. Overexpression of this gene in tobacco leaves can also induce cell wall degradation and soften the leaves, proving that its function is conserved across species. It can also be further applied to plants from lignocellulose biomass sources to effectively improve the degradation efficiency of hemicellulose, providing a new, efficient, and environmentally friendly molecular regulation method for biofuel production, livestock feed processing, and the paper industry.

A method for depolymerizing lignocellulosic biomass, comprising the following steps: (a) depolymerizing lignocellulosic biomass under supercritical conditions in the presence of at least one alcohol having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms, at a temperature of 200°C to 300°C, preferably 220°C to 295°C, at a pressure of 40 bar to 170 bar, preferably 50 bar to 150 bar, at a lignocellulosic biomass / alcohol ratio of 0.1 to 1, preferably 0.15 to 0.8 wt / wt (w / w), for a time of 5 to 150 minutes, preferably 10 to 130 minutes, to obtain: (i) a mixture comprising a liquid phase and a solid phase, the liquid phase comprising depolymerized lignocellulosic biomass and at least one alcohol, the solid phase comprising carbon residue (“char”), depolymerized lignocellulosic biomass, and optionally undepolymerized lignocellulosic biomass; (ii) an optional gas phase; (b) A liquid phase comprising depolymerized lignocellulosic biomass and at least one alcohol is separated from the mixture (i) obtained in step (a) to obtain: (iii) a liquid phase comprising depolymerized lignocellulosic biomass and at least one alcohol; (iv) a solid phase comprising carbon residue (“char”), depolymerized lignocellulosic biomass, and optionally undepolymerized lignocellulosic biomass; (c) the liquid phase (iii) comprising depolymerized lignocellulosic biomass and at least one alcohol obtained in step (b) is purified to obtain: (v) depolymerized lignocellulosic biomass; and (vi) at least one alcohol. The depolymerized lignocellulosic biomass obtained by the above method can be advantageously used as, for example, an antioxidant or UV protectant in biofuels, which can be used as is or blended with other fuels in automotive or aviation diesel engines. Furthermore, the depolymerized lignocellulosic biomass obtained by the above method can be advantageously used as an antioxidant in, for example, biological feedstocks (e.g., vegetable oils and animal or vegetable fats) to slow their rancidity during transport and storage.

A method for substantially removing constituents of a lignocellulosic biomass into separate streams, where said method comprises the following steps:Step 1: providing said lignocellulosic biomass comprising: cellulose; hemicellulose; and lignin;Step 2: exposing the lignocellulosic biomass to a delignification step performed at a temperature below 55oC using a modified Caro's acid and generating a reaction mixture, said delignification step is carried out for a first period of time sufficient to dissolve enough of the lignin present in said lignocellulosic biomass to obtain a kappa number for the remaining solids of less than 10;Step 4: recovering, from the reaction mixture,  a liquid stream comprising depolymerized lignin constituents and said remaining solids comprising cellulose and hemicellulose and having a lignin content of less than 1.5 % lignin;Step 5: exposing said remaining solids to a caustic composition at a low temperature, (preferably below 60oC), to generate a caustic mixture comprising said caustic composition, hemicellulose and cellulose;Step 6: allowing sufficient time for at least 85% of the remaining hemicellulose present to be dissolved by said caustic composition, and wherein exposure to said caustic composition yields a final solids portion;Step 6: optionally, separating said dissolved hemicellulose from said final solids portion; andStep 7: optionally, recovering said final solid portion; andStep 8: recovering said hemicellulose from said dissolved hemicellulose, wherein said hemicellulose recovered constitutes over 85% of the hemicellulose present in said remaining solids portion and is mainly in a polysaccharide form.