55results about How to "Low conversion rate" patented technology

It includes the stages of grinding the lignocellulosic biomass to a size of 15-30 mm, subjecting the product obtained to steam explosion pre-treatment at a temperature of 190-230° C. for between 1 and 10 minutes in a reactor (2), collecting the pre-treated material in a cyclone (3) and separating the liquid and solid fractions by filtration in a filter press (9), introducing the solid fraction in a fermentation deposit (10), adding a cellulase at a concentration of 15 UFP per gram of cellulose and 12.6 International Units of β-glucosidase enzyme dissolved in citrate buffer pH 4.8, inoculating the fermentation deposit (10) with a culture of the heat-tolerant bacteria Kluyveromyces marxianus CECT 10875, obtained by chemical mutagenesis from strain DER-26 of Kluyveromyces marxianus and shaking the mixture for 72 hours at 42° C.

A honeycomb structural body (1) is obtained by bonding, into one piece, a plurality of honeycomb segments (2a, 2b) having a large number of through-holes (6) surrounded by partition walls (10) and extending in the axial direction. An average wall thickness of at least one honeycomb segment (2a) not constituting the outermost peripheral surface (23) of the honeycomb structural body is larger than an average wall thickness of at least one honeycomb segment (2b) constituting the outermost peripheral surface (23) of the honeycomb structural body. A honeycomb structural assembly is obtained by providing a material B having compressive elasticity on the outermost peripheral surface (23) of the honeycomb structural body (1) in a compressed state and thereby compression-holding the honeycomb structural body (1) in a metallic container. The honeycomb structural body and assembly are low in reductions in the conversion rate, purification efficiency, regeneration efficiency, etc. during the use and superior in durability against the breakage caused by thermal stress.

A molecular sieve comprising a core having deposited thereon a surface layer, wherein the core is a zeolite containing silicon and at least one element selected from gallium and iron and the surface layer has a higher Si:Al ratio than that of the silicon:selected element ratio of the core, provides for lower branching in olefin oligomerization products.

The invention discloses a process for producing synthetic ammonia and methanol by using coke oven gas and blast furnace gas. The method is characterized in that: after hydrocarbon substances in the coke oven gas are separated, the hydrocarbon-rich coke oven gas is directly used in other purposes, carbon monoxide is continuously separated from the hydrocarbon-deficient coke oven gas, the carbon monoxide-deficient coke oven gas is directly used for synthesizing raw material gas in the later section, and the carbon monoxide-rich coke oven gas and the blast furnace gas are matched in a certain ratio for producing methanol and synthetic ammonia or purely producing liquid ammonia. The costs of the produced liquid ammonia and the produced methanol are lower than those of common ammonia prepared from coal and methanol prepared from the coke oven gas.

Techniques for growing crystalline calcium carbonate solids such that the crystalline calcium carbonate solids include a volume of 0.0005 mm³ to 5 mm³, include a slaker to react quicklime (CaO) and a low carbonate content fluid to yield a slurry of primarily slaked lime (Ca(OH)₂); a fluidized-bed reactive crystallizer that encloses a solid bed mass and includes an input for a slurry of primarily slaked lime, an input for an alkaline solution and carbonate, and an output for crystalline calcium carbonate solids that include particles and an alkaline carbonate solution; a dewatering apparatus that includes an input coupled to the crystallizer and an output to discharge a plurality of separate streams that each include a portion of the crystalline calcium carbonate solids and alkaline carbonate solution; and a seed transfer apparatus to deliver seed material into the crystallizer to maintain a consistent mass of seed material.

Provided herein are methods for preparing nucleic acid libraries, capturing DNA obtained from a limited number of cells, and selectively cleaving ssDNA or dsDNA using various chemical ligation and click chemistry reactions described herein.

The invention relates to a tail gas circulating process in acrylic acid production by chemical product materials through a propane one-step method. The tail gas circulating process is characterized by comprising the following steps of: entering steam, oxygen gas and nitrogen gas from a pre-mixer and then entering a charging mixer with propane; feeding the mixture to an oxidation reactor for carrying out chemical reaction after the materials are sufficiently mixed to generate acrylic acid and carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, acetic acid and propylene by-products; exchanging heat for the reaction products through a first cooler, enabling the heat-exchanged reaction products to enter a washing tower, and using most of emitted gases from the tower top of the washing tower as circulating gases. The tail gas circulating process has the advantages that part of the propane-containing reaction tail gases are compressed and returned to the reactor by adopting the reaction tail gas circulating process for continuously participating in the oxidization reaction, so that the consumption of the propane is reduced. If the circulation volume is extremely large, by-product Co is accumulated in a vast manner and safety hazard is generated due to extremely high CO concentration; if the circulation volume is extremely small, the total yield of the reaction is reduced, and 85% of circulated gases are preferably fed to a compressor.

A heat-resistant aluminum hydroxide which is prepared by subjecting a mixture of aluminum hydroxide with a reaction retardant for retarding the conversion aluminum hydroxide to boehmite, as a raw material, to the hydrothermal treatment or to pressurization and heating in a steam atmosphere; and a method for preparing a heat-resistant aluminum hydroxide which comprises subjecting a mixture of aluminum hydroxide with a reaction retardant for retarding the conversion aluminum hydroxide to boehmite as a raw material to the hydrothermal treatment, or to pressurization and heating in a steam atmosphere.

The invention relates to a method for preparing cinnamyl alcohol (COL) through cinnamaldehyde (CAL) hydrogenation. In a solvent-free system, Pt-(Ru)-Sn/TiO2 as a catalyst is used for catalyzing selective hydrogenation of CAL to prepare COL. The catalyst has relatively high activity on the hydrogenation of C=O bond of CAL and shows inertia on the hydrogenation of C=C bond of CAL and COL, and thus has high selectivity on the generated COL. When the reactants are nearly completely converted and Pt-(Ru)-Sn/TiO2 is used as the catalyst, the highest selectivity on COL reaches 93-95%. By adopting the method, the pollution of organic solvent is eliminated, the burden of the separation process is lightened, and the reaction control difficulty in large-scale production is reduced.

The invention relates to a synthesis method of hydroquinone. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: carrying out catalytic oxidation on phenol and oxygen to generate a mixture of p-benzoquinone and o-benzoquinone, wherein a catalyst is copper and sodium complex salt; distilling to remove solvent, adding water in residual materials, and separating p-benzoquinone and o-benzoquinone by distillation; reducing separated p-benzoquinone with a reducing agent to obtain hydroquinone, filtering out hydroquinone crude product and recrystallizing so as to obtain hydroquinone crystal; and concentrating a mother liquid obtained by filtering out hydroquinone or catechol crude product to obtain an ammonium sulfate fertilizer. The synthesis method has simple process, mild reaction conditions and short reaction period, and the yield of hydroquinone in the product is larger than that of catechol.

A monolithic catalyst used for a carbon dioxide hydrogenation reaction and a method for preparing the same. The catalyst comprises a carrier, a coating, and active components. The carrier is a honeycomb ceramic. The coating and the active components are separately applied to honeycomb ceramic hole walls from inside to outside. Moreover, each of the honeycomb ceramic holes is divided into an upper segment and a lower segment, and different active components are separately loaded on the two segments. The method for preparing the monolithic catalyst comprises first applying a coating to a honeycomb ceramic by means of impregnation to obtain a coating-containing carrier, and then applying active components to an upper segment and a lower segment of the coating-containing carrier successively by means of impregnation to obtain the monolithic catalyst.

A catalyst for manufacturing synthesis gas has a carrier and a Group VIII metal carried by the carrier. The carrier contains a first ingredient, a second ingredient and a third ingredient. The first ingredient is an oxide of at least an alkaline earth metal selected from the group of magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium. The second ingredient is an oxide of at least an element selected from the group of scandium, yttrium and lanthanoids. The third ingredient is zirconia or a substance containing zirconia as principal ingredient and has a solid electrolytic property. The carrier may be formed by forming an overcoat film on a substrate by coating. Then, the overcoat film contains the above three ingredients. A catalyst according to the invention can remarkably reduce the dimensions of the reaction facility and improve the energy efficiency of the facility.

A process of the present invention produces a corresponding dicarboxylic acid by oxidative cleavage of a cycloalkane with oxygen and performs a reaction in the presence of a catalyst including an imide compound and a metallic compound, the imide compound having a cyclic imide skeleton represented by following Formula (I): wherein X is an oxygen atom or an -OR group, and wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl-protecting group, under conditions of a reaction temperature of 80° C. or higher and a concentration of the cycloalkane in a system of 21% by weight or more. The imide compound includes, for example, N-hydroxyphthalimide. The amount of the imide compound is, for example, from about 0.000001 to about 0.01 mole per mole of the cycloalkane. In the production of a corresponding dicarboxylic acid by catalytic oxidation of a cycloalkane with oxygen, the present invention can yield the dicarboxylic acid in a high space time yield even using a small amount of the catalyst.

Disclosed are a fast fluidized bed reactor, device and method for preparing para-xylene and co-producing light olefins from methanol and/or dimethyl ether and toluene, with the reactor, device and method being capable of solving or improving the problem of competition between an alkylation reaction and an MTO reaction during the process of producing the para-xylene and co-producing light olefins from toluene and methanol, thus achieving a synergistic effect between the MTO reaction and the alkylation reaction. By controlling the mass transfer and reaction, the competition between the alkylation reaction and the MTO reaction is coordinated and optimized to achieve a synergistic effect, thereby increasing the conversion rate of toluene, the yield of para-xylene and the selectivity of the light olefins. The fast fluidized bed reactor comprises a first reactor feed distributor and a plurality of second reactor feed distributors, the first reactor feed distributor and the plurality of second reactor feed distributors are sequentially arranged along the gas flow direction in a reaction zone of the fast fluidized bed reactor.

Fructosylated puerarin being converted from puerarin by a bioconversion method conducted in an aqueous phase or nonaqueous phase system, including monofructosyl-(2,6)-puerarin, bifructosyl-(2,6)-puerarin, trifructosyl-(2,6)-puerarin, tetrafructosyl-(2,6)-puerarin and pentafructosyl-(2,6)-puerarin. Tests have shown that the oligosaccharylated puerarin is effective to treat acute myocardial ischemia, and can markedly suppress in vitro the proliferation of human breast cancer cell strain MDA-MB-23 and human chronmyelogenors leukemia cell strain K562, and it has a low toxicity.

A method for producing isopropyl benzene includes the following steps. Step A: feeding a first stream containing benzene and a first stream containing propylene into a first reaction zone to contact a first catalyst for alkylation, and obtaining a first stream containing isopropyl benzene from the first reaction zone, dividing the first stream containing isopropyl benzene into a stream Ia and a stream IIa, the stream Ia circulating back into the first reaction zone and the stream IIa entering into a second reaction zone, having the stream entering the second reaction zone to contact a second catalyst for alkylation, and obtaining a second stream containing isopropyl benzene from the second reaction zone, and purifying at least a partial stream IIIa of the second stream containing isopropyl benzene, and obtaining a product isopropyl benzene.