6887 results about "Hydrogenation reaction" patented technology

Hydrogen is produced from solid or liquid carbon-containing fuels in a two-step process. The fuel is gasified with hydrogen in a hydrogenation reaction to produce a methane-rich gaseous reaction product, which is then reacted with water and calcium oxide in a hydrogen production and carbonation reaction to produce hydrogen and calcium carbonate. The calcium carbonate may be continuously removed from the hydrogen production and carbonation reaction zone and calcined to regenerate calcium oxide, which may be reintroduced into the hydrogen production and carbonation reaction zone. Hydrogen produced in the hydrogen production and carbonation reaction is more than sufficient both to provide the energy necessary for the calcination reaction and also to sustain the hydrogenation of the coal in the gasification reaction. The excess hydrogen is available for energy production or other purposes. Substantially all of the carbon introduced as fuel ultimately emerges from the invention process in a stream of substantially pure carbon dioxide. The water necessary for the hydrogen production and carbonation reaction may be introduced into both the gasification and hydrogen production and carbonation reactions, and allocated so as transfer the exothermic heat of reaction of the gasification reaction to the endothermic hydrogen production and carbonation reaction.

A process for producing ethanol by the conversion of carbohydrates from a corn dry milling process in which the bottoms fraction from distillation of ethanol in a conventional yeast fermentation is used in a process including a combination of biochemical and synthetic conversions. The process results in high yield ethanol production with concurrent production of high value coproducts. An acetic acid intermediate is produced from bottoms fraction, followed by conversion of the acetic acid into ethanol using esterification and hydrogenation reactions. Coproducts of the process include a high protein content solids fraction produced in the fermentation.

A high-yield process for converting lignin into reformulated, partially oxygenated gasoline compositions of high quality is provided. The process is a two-stage catalytic reaction process that produces a reformulated, partially oxygenated gasoline product with a controlled amount of aromatics. In the first stage of the process, a lignin feed material is subjected to a base-catalyzed depolymerization reaction, followed by a selective hydrocracking reaction which utilizes a superacid catalyst to produce a high oxygen-content depolymerized lignin product mainly composed of alkylated phenols, alkylated alkoxyphenols, and alkylbenzenes. In the second stage of the process, the depolymerized lignin product is subjected to an exhaustive etherification reaction, optionally followed by a partial ring hydrogenation reaction, to produce a reformulated, partially oxygenated/etherified gasoline product, which includes a mixture of substituted phenyl/methyl ethers, cycloalkyl methyl ethers, C7-C10 alkylbenzenes, C6-C10 branched and multibranched paraffins, and alkylated and polyalkylated cycloalkanes.

The invention relates to a catalyst for selective hydrogenation reaction of an aromatic nitrocompound and a preparation method of the catalyst. The catalyst consists of a catalyst carrier and active metal coated with carbon, wherein the catalyst carrier includes a carbon-base carrier, SiO2, TiO2 or Al2O3; the active metal is selected from Co, Fe, Ni or Cu and other poor and noble metals. The catalyst is prepared by adopting a Pechini type sol-gel process which comprises the steps of dispersing an active metal precursor to water containing a coordination compound, adding a polyhydric alcohol solution and a macromolecule auxiliary, then adding the carrier, stirring for dispersion, carrying out hydrothermal reaction, separating out solid on the lower layer, and calcining in the inert atmosphere to obtain the catalyst in which carbon coats the active metal. Compared with the prior art, the catalyst can realize the hydrogenation reaction of a substituted aromatic nitrocompound in the mild condition; substrate conversion rate and production selectivity are high; the catalyst has recyclable economy and good application prospect.

The invention relates to a hydrogenation method for a coal tar suspension bed of a heterogeneous catalyst. The method comprises processes of coal tar raw material pretreatment and distillatory separation, coal tar heavy fraction suspension bed hydrogenation cracking and conventional light fraction oil extraction, wherein the suspension bed hydrogenation reaction temperature is between 320 and 480DEG C, the reaction pressure is 8 to 19MPa, the volume air speed is 0.3 to 3.0h<-1>, the hydrogen oil volume ratio is 500 to 2,000, the catalyst is a powdery granular coal tar suspension bed hydrogenation catalyst of a single metal active ingredient containing molybdenum, nickel, cobalt, tungsten or iron or a composite multi-metal active ingredient, the adding amount of the catalyst is based on the ratio of the metal quantity of the active ingredient to the weight of the coal tar raw materials of 0.1: 100-4: 100, most of tail oil containing the catalyst after lightweight oil is separated froma hydrogenation reaction product is directly circulated to a hydrogenation bed reactor, a small part of tail oil is subjected to catalyst removal treatment and then circulated to the hydrogenation bed reactor to be subjected to further lightweight treatment, and the heavy oil is totally or furthest circulated. The method fulfills the purposes of maximum production of the lightweight oil in the coal tar and cyclic utilization of the catalyst, and greatly improves the utilization efficiency of the raw materials and the catalyst.

The present invention provides a hydrogenation method capable of converting cracked kerosene into the raw materials for petrochemical cracking having a high thermal decomposition yield by a hydrogenation reaction. The present invention is a petrochemical process for producing at least any of ethylene, propylene, butane, benzene or toluene by carrying out a thermal decomposition reaction at least using naphtha for the main raw material, wherein cracked kerosene produced from a thermal cracking furnace is hydrogenated using a Pd or Pt catalyst in a two-stage method consisting of a first stage (I), in which a hydrogenation reaction is carried out within the range of 50 to 180° C., and a second stage (II), in which a hydrogenation reaction is carried out within the range of 230 to 350° C., followed by re-supplying all or a portion of these hydrogenated hydrocarbons to a thermal cracking furnace.

The invention relates to a reclaiming system and a process for low-temperature methanol washing integrated Claus sulfur of coal gas and natural gas. The system is additionally provided with a Claus tail gas washing tower and uses sulfur-free methanol saturated by CO2 from a CO2 product tower as a washing agent, and the washed liquid returns to an H2S concentrating tower; through combination of heating, gas stripping and pressure adjustment, concentration of H2S in acid gas washed by methanol is adjusted flexibly; at the same time, the system is additionally provided with a tail gas pre-heater before hydrogenation reaction to compensate heat loss of a hydrogenation reaction system. The process mainly comprises the following steps: removing H2S-CO2 gas, condensing H2S, reclaiming Claus sulfur, hydrogenising and reducing the gas, selectively absorbing and desulfurizing saturated cold methanol. The process has the advantages that the process can efficiently, flexibly, safely and energy-conservatively treat carbonyl gas with different pressures, temperatures, water content and sulfur concentration; and total sulfur reclamation ratio can reach more than 99.9 percent. The concentration of the H2S in emptied tail gas is below 25 mg/Nm3, so the H2S gas can meet the requirement of environmental protection, and can be exhausted directly without being burnt.

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical industry, in particular to a purification technique for coal glycol rude products. According to the technique, saponification, carbinol-removal, hydrogenation reaction, three-column distillation and absorption treatment are utilized to prepare the glycol with a mass percent more than 99.9% from the coal glycol rude products and the polyester glycol products having high transmissivity to the ultraviolet with wavelength between 220 and 350 mm. The purification technique for coal glycol rude products of the invention is characterized by low energy consumption, easy operation and high efficiency.

The invention relates to a method for preparing aromatic hydrocarbon and cyclopentenone from biomass derivative gamma-valerolactone by catalytic conversion, which comprises the following steps: (1) using biomass derivative gamma-valerolactone as a raw material, which is prepared by carrying out hydrogenation reaction on levulinic acid; (2) introducing one or more transition metals into a zeolite molecular sieve, and preparing a reaction catalyst at the reaction temperature of 350-550 DEG C by using a fixed bed or fluid bed as a reactor; (3) in an inert or reducing atmosphere, carrying out contact reaction on the raw material gamma-valerolactone and catalyst under the reaction pressure of 0-10 MPa; and (4) after the pyrolysis gas is condensed, collecting the liquid product in the condensation receiver, thereby obtaining the aromatic hydrocarbon product (of benzene, toluene and xylene) and the cyclopentenone product. By using the renewable biomass derivative gamma-valerolactone as the raw material, the method has the advantage of milder reaction conditions, and the catalyst is simple to prepare and easy to recover and reuse.

The invention discloses a liquefied petroleum gas-coke gasoline hydrogenation combined process method, which comprises the following contents: coke gasoline undergoes a hydrogenation reaction in a coke gasoline hydrogenation reaction stage; the efflux of the coke gasoline hydrogenation reaction stage is mixed with the liquefied petroleum gas to enter a liquefied petroleum gas hydrogenation reaction stage; and the reaction efflux of the liquefied petroleum gas hydrogenation reaction stage is subjected to separation to obtain hydrogenated liquefied petroleum gas and hydrogenated coke gasoline. Compared with the prior art, the method disclosed by the invention is favorable for dissipation of reaction heat, lowers reaction temperature, reduces the influences of temperature on reaction balance and improves conversion rate; and the method reduces carbon accumulation of the catalyst, prolongs the single-pass service life of the catalyst and can obtain high-quality hydrogenated coke gasoline and hydrogenated liquefied petroleum gas at the same time.

The present disclosure provides low trans-fatty acid fat compositions, methods of hydrogenating unsaturated feedstocks (e.g., oils), and hydrogenation catalyst compositions. One exemplary method involves producing an activated catalyst composition by heating a nickel-based catalyst to a first temperature of at least about 100° C. in the presence of hydrogen and a fat component. An unsaturated feedstock may be contacted with the activated catalyst composition and hydrogenated by sustaining a hydrogenation reaction at a second temperature of no greater than about 70° C. Some specific implementations of the invention permit the production of partially hydrogenated seed oils with low trans-fatty acid contents.

The invention provides a hydrogenation method for residual oil. The method includes the following steps: under the condition of hydrogenation reaction, residual oil raw materials and hydrogen gas are sequentially guided into two hydrogenation reaction zones connected in series to carry out contact reaction with a plurality of catalyst beds in the hydrogenation reaction zones; according to the flowing directions of a reactant and the hydrogen gas, the first and second hydrogenation reaction zones respectively comprise a hydrogenation protecting catalyst, a hydrogenation de-metallization catalyst and a hydrogenation desulfurization catalyst which are sequentially filled in the catalyst beds; when the pressure drop of at least one catalyst bed in the first hydrogenation reaction zone reaches the upper limit or hot spots appear in the reaction zone, at least one part of the residual oil raw materials and the hydrogen gas is directly guided into the second hydrogenation reaction zone. Compared with the prior art, the method in the invention can prolong the running period of a residual oil hydrogenation device, thereby increasing the running efficiency of the device and improving the economical property of the device as well.

The invention relates to a synthetic route of a hydrocarbon fuel with high density and high volumetric calorific value by using a lignocelluloses-based platform chemical compound as a raw material and completely independent of fossil energy. A liquid fuel obtained by the method can be used in various aircrafts or used as an additive to raise combustion performance of aviation fuel. The method is divided into two parts: 1) under the promotion action of an acid/base catalyst, cyclopentanone (furfural selective hydrogenation product) is subjected to an aldol self-condensation reaction to synthesize unsaturated organic compounds with C10 and C15 polycyclic structures; and 2) a metal loaded A/X catalyst is used to carry out a one-step hydrodeoxygenation and hydrogenation reaction on products generated from the step 1 under low-temperature solvent-free conditions, so as to obtain polycyclic hydrocarbon fuel with carbon number being 10 and 15. The liquid fuel has high density (C10: 0.92g/cm<3>; C15: 1.12g/cm<3>), can be used to effectively raise carrying energy of an aircraft and reduce fuel consumption rate, and meets requirements of high navigational speed, large load and long range.

The production process is liquid phase catalytic hydrogenation reaction of nitrobenzene halide, such as o-chloronitrobenzene, p-chloronitrobenzene, 3, 4-dichloronitrobenzene and 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene, etc. with carbon nanotube carried Pd and Pt as hydrogenation catalyst to produce corresponding haloarylamine. The said production process can inhibit hydrodehalogenation, and has the advantages of high selectivity, high yield and high catalyst stability, etc. and thus high practical value.

The invention discloses a method for producing light aromatic hydrocarbons and high-quality oil products from catalytically cracked diesel. The method comprises the following steps of 1, carrying out extraction of catalytically cracked diesel by an extraction solvent to obtain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-rich extract oil and alkane-rich raffinate oil, 2, carrying out hydrofining and hydrocracking of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-rich extract oil under the hydrogenation reaction conditions to obtain light aromatic hydrocarbons and a high-octane number gasoline fraction. The method can realize production of light aromatic hydrocarbons, high-cetane number diesel and high-octane number gasoline.

The invention relates to a purified gas treatment process of a sulfur recovery device. The purified gas treatment process comprises a thermal reaction phase, a catalytic reaction phase and a tail gas purifying treatment phase, wherein in the tail gas purifying treatment phase, the Claus tail gas generated in the catalytic reaction phase is sequentially subjected to a hydrogenation reaction, cooling in a rapid quenching tower and amine liquid absorption, then the purified tail gas is fed to alkali liquor to be subjected to H2S removal treatment, and the tail gas removed from H2S is combusted and then discharged; the amine liquid amine-rich liquid absorbing H2S is fed to a regeneration tower to be regenerated, the regenerated acid gas is mixed with the acid gas, and then returned to the thermal reaction phase to further recover elemental sulfur; the exhausted lye removed from H2S is subjected to caustic dross biological treatment or acidic water stripping treatment. With adoption of the purified gas treatment process disclosed by the invention, H2S in the purified gas can be removed to 5 mg/m<3> below, the SO2 content in the smoke is obviously reduced within the reduction range of 100-1000 mg/m<3>; the exhausted lye treatment method is further provided, and the exhausted lye is subjected to the caustic dross biological treatment or the acidic water stripping treatment, so that pollution can be reduced.

The invention provides a pyrolysis gasoline nickel system selective hydrogenation catalyst and a preparation method of the pyrolysis gasoline nickel system selective hydrogenation catalyst and belongs to a catalyst containing metal or metal oxide or hydroxide. The pyrolysis gasoline nickel system selective hydrogenation catalyst is characterized by being provided with a mesopore-macropore or double-mesopore compound pore channel, taking aluminum oxide as a carrier, taking nickel as a main active component, taking molybdenum as an auxiliary active component and taking the metal oxide as an auxiliary agent; the pyrolysis gasoline nickel system selective hydrogenation catalyst is composed of following components in parts by weight: 15-19 parts of nickel oxide, 6.5-20 parts of molybdenum oxide, 2.2-4.5 parts of the auxiliary agent and the balance of the aluminum oxide; the auxiliary agent is one or the combination of more than two of potassium oxide, magnesium oxide and lanthanum oxide. The invention provides the pyrolysis gasoline nickel system selective hydrogenation catalyst which is large in pore capacity and high in specific surface, has good reaction activity, high hydrogenation reaction selectivity, good stability, good arsenic dissolving and glue resisting capabilities and is provided with the compound pore channel, and the preparation method of the pyrolysis gasoline nickel system selective hydrogenation catalyst. When the catalyst is used for selectively hydrogenating full-fraction pyrolysis gasoline, the average diene hydrogenation rate is 99%.

The invention discloses a new technology to manufacture ethandiol, which is characterized by the following: liquefying starch emulsion; saccharifying; filtering; decolouring; separating through simulated mobile chromatogramic separating system; obtaining DX 99-99.7% glucose slurry; evaporating DX value glucose slurry to 50% as dried material; adopting ruthenium or nickel as catalyst; proceeding hydrogenation reaction to obtain the sorbitol solution; hydrogenolyzing for certain time under one catalyst of Ru, Ni/Ru and Co/Re to produce compound with ethandiol, glycerin and propanediol; cooling multi-alcohol; sedimenting; filtering; separating; decolouring; separating ethandiol, glycerin and propanediol.

The invention discloses a catalysts grading method for coker dry gas hydrogenation for preparation of ethylene cracking feed. According to the method, coker dry gas is contacted with a hydrogenation catalyst to carry out a hydrogenation reaction, and olefin in coker dry gas is saturated to further obtain an ethylene cracking feedstock, wherein three hydrogenation reaction zones are successively arranged in a hydrogenation reactor. By reasonable grading of catalysts in different systems, advantages of the respective catalysts during different hydrogenation processes are fully performed. By synergism among the catalysts and by cooperation of reaction temperature gradients of the three hydrogenation reaction zones, activity of the monolithic catalyst is raised.

There is provided a process wherein a lower alkyl ester of a fatty acid derived from natural fats and oils and a lower alcohol containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms is produced in a lower sulfur content at lower costs without causing a reduction in yield and a deterioration in selectivity, as well as a process for producing an alcohol without reducing the activity of a catalyst. The process comprises the step of adsorption treatment of an ester with at least one adsorbent selected from clay and activated carbon. Further are provided a process for producing an ester which further comprises adsorption treatment with a hydrogenating decomposition-type adsorbent containing Ni and/or Cu, in hydrogen or a mixed gas atmosphere of hydrogen and an inert gas, and a process for producing an alcohol which comprises hydrogenation reaction with an ester produced by any one of these processes as the starting material.