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2435results about How to "Extended operating cycle" patented technology

LEACH protocol improvement method capable of lowering energy consumption

The invention provides an LEACH protocol improvement method capable of lowering energy consumption. A basic system comprises normal nodes, cluster header nodes, forwarding nodes and a base station. The specific cycle operation steps comprise network topology determination, initialization, selection of the cluster header nodes, cluster forming, data transmission, selection of the cluster header nodes and cluster forming. According to the defects of an LEACH protocol, improvement is conducted from the aspects of selection of cluster heads, cluster forming and a data transmission mode. In selection of the cluster heads, the comprehensive influences of the energy of the nodes, the distance to the base station and density are considered, the burdens of the cluster heads are balanced, and distribution and energy consumption of the selected cluster header nodes are made balanced in a network. In cluster forming, the mode of grid clustering is used, the nodes calculate the two-dimensional values of grids where the nodes are placed by themselves, and the effectiveness of node energy is guaranteed. In data transmission mode, a routing mode with single-hop and multi-hop combined is used according to the distance of the cluster header nodes and the base station, the energy consumption of network nodes is lowered by the purpose that the energy utilization rate is highest.
Owner:ANHUI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE

Graded composition of heavy oil hydrogenation catalysts

The invention relates to a graded composition of heavy oil hydrogenation catalysts. 5 to 55 percent of hydrodemetallization catalyst, 5 to 55 percent of hydrodesulfurization catalyst and 5 to 55 percent of hydrodenitrogenation catalyst are filled into a reactor from the top to the bottom respectively; along the flow direction, the activity of the catalysts is gradually increased, the aperture is gradually reduced, the granularity is gradually reduced and the porosity is gradually reduced; the active metal ingredients and the acid aid concentrations of the demetallization catalyst and the desulfurization catalyst are in non-uniform distribution, the active metal ingredient and the acid aid concentration of the demetallization catalyst are in gradient reduction, and the active metal ingredient and the acid aid concentration of the denitrogenation catalyst are in gradient increment; the active metal ingredient and the acid aid concentration of the desulfurization catalyst are in uniform distribution; the demetallization catalyst, the desulfurization catalyst and the denitrogenation catalyst consist of one or more catalysts respectively; and the demetallization, carbon residue removal, desulfurization and denitrogenation activities and stability of the catalyst graded composition system are high, and the service life is long.
Owner:PETROCHINA CO LTD

Method for treating heavy metal-containing acidic waste water and recycling heavy metal with biomass fixed bed

The invention discloses a method for treating acidic waste water containing heavy metal and reclaiming the heavy metal through a biomass fixed bed, which is characterized in that dry solid biomass capable of being decomposed by microbes is granulated and filled into a container with a supporting layer and a water distributing device so as to form a fixed bed microbe reactor; sewage disposal plant sludge containing sulfate reducing bacteria is taken as the source of microbe bacteria on the fixed bed, and the microbes are cultured, proliferated and acclimated to adapt to the environment of the biomass filler fixed bed through the backflow circulation of the outputted water or taking ferrous sulfate aqueous solution as the inputted water; acid effluent containing heavy metallic ions is led into the fixed bed for direct filtration; and when the water filtering speed can not meet the preset requirements, the operation is stopped, substances in the fixed bed are taken out, the heavy metal is reclaimed through smelting, and the fixed bed microbe reactor is refilled. The method is suitable for waste water containing Cr2O7 <2->, AsO3 <2->, Cu <2+>, Hg <2+> Ag <+>, Cd <2+> and the like. The method can be used for reclaiming the valuable metal resources with low waste water treatment cost.
Owner:HEFEI UNIV OF TECH

Coal tar full-fraction hydrogenation method for coupling slurry bed and static bed

The invention relates to a coal tar full-fraction hydrogenation method for coupling a slurry bed and a static bed. The coal tar full-fraction hydrogenation method mainly comprises a coal tar material pretreatment unit, a slurry bed hydrocracking unit, a primary hydrogenation product fractionation unit, a static bed hydrorefining unit, and a product distilling unit, wherein the coal tar full-fraction oil is subjected to pretreatment such as dewatering and dedusting, and enters a slurry bed reactor to carry out hydrocracking reaction after being mixed and pre-heated together with a hydrocracking catalyst; the reacted primary hydrogenation product enters the static bed hydrorefining unit through a light component obtained by fractionation; the middle fraction and the catalyst return to a slurry bed hydrogenation reactor in a circulating manner; a light component returns to a tar pretreatment unit to hydrogenate in circulation after removing a part of catalyst and coke generated in a cracking manner, and the light component is rectified to obtain naphtha and diesel oil product after common hydrorefining. The method is coal tar full-fraction hydrogenation; the utilization rate of the coal tar is improved to the maximal extent; and the coking of the heavy component of the coal tar and inactivation of the catalyst are effectively delayed by the process for coupling the slurry bed and the static bed, and the production cycle is also prolonged.
Owner:INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI

Method for preparing light-weight fuel oil and propylene from inferior raw oil

The invention provides a method for preparing light-weight fuel oil and propylene from inferior raw oil. The method comprises the following steps that: the inferior raw oil enters a first and second reaction areas of a catalytic conversion reactor in sequence to contact the catalytic conversion catalyst to undergo the primary reaction and the secondary reaction, the reaction products and the spent catalyst undergo solid-liquid separation, and the spent catalyst undergoes steam stripping and singeing in sequence and then is returned to the reactor for recycling; the reaction products are separated to obtain propylene, gasoline, catalytic wax oil and other products, wherein the catalytic wax oil enters an aromatic extraction device for separation so as to obtain extract oil and raffinate oil; and the raffinate oil is cycled to the first reaction area of the catalytic conversion reactor or/and other catalytic conversion devices for further reaction to obtain the target products of propylene and gasoline. In the method, the inferior raw oil undergoes the mild catalytic conversion, the obtained catalytic wax oil undergoes aromatic extraction, and the extract oil richly contains double ring arenas and is a quite good chemically raw material; and the raffinate oil richly contains alkanes and naphthenic hydrocarbons, and is quite suitable for catalytic conversion, so that the highly efficient utilization of gasoline resources is realized.
Owner:CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEM CORP +1

Method for improving pollution resistance and flux of membrane by using weak electric field

The invention discloses a method for improving pollution resistance and flux of a membrane by using a weak electric field, which belongs to the technical field of membrane bioreactors (MBR) and is characterized in that: based on a principle that homo-polarity repels, a weak negative electric field is applied near a membrane face to increase resistance to pollutant and push the membrane pollutant away from the membrane surface and therefore has the effects of delaying the formation of a filter cake layer, increasing the pollution resistance of the membrane, improving the flux and prolonging a filtration operation period. The method is to use a conductive copper wire arranged in a plate type membrane component as a cathode or directly apply the weak negative electric field to a membrane material with the conductive property. The method has the advantages that: energy consumption is low, high-intensity electric field is avoided, and the operation is carried out in an intermittent way; the composition and metabolic characteristics of microbes are considerably influenced and the water treatment capability of the microbes is influenced; the method is convenient to implement, and power can be supplied by waste water, sludge and microbe fuels, so that additional energy consumption is avoided and water treatment capability is improved. Thus, the method has a very promising application prospect.
Owner:DALIAN UNIV OF TECH

Iron-carbon micro-electrolysis-dynamic membrane wastewater deep treatment process

The invention relates to an iron-carbon micro-electrolysis-dynamic membrane wastewater deep treatment process. The process comprises the following steps: pretreating pollutants in industrial wastewater by iron-carbon micro-electrolysis so as to remove partial pollutants and improve the biochemical performance of the wastewater; then, carrying out microorganism degradation by mainly using mixed liquids in a hydrolysis acidification pool and an aerobic dynamic membrane reaction pool so as to remove the pollutants; and finally, completing the solid-liquid separation and water discharge process of the mixed liquid with a dynamic membrane assembly. The invention aims at providing the iron-carbon micro-electrolysis-dynamic membrane wastewater deep treatment process which is simple in process flow and efficient; the process can be effectively used for removing the difficultly-degradable organic substances in the industrial wastewater and improving the biochemical performance of the wastewater, and has obvious decoloring effect and good solid-liquid separation effect; the effluent is clear and does not contain suspended particles; and the process is suitable for standard-reaching discharge and deep treatment of various industrial wastewaters (such as dyeing and printing wastewater, pharmaceutical wastewater, heavy metal wastewater, coking wastewater, paper-making wastewater and the like), and the index of the quality of the treated effluent can meet the water quality standard of reused water.
Owner:TONGJI UNIV
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